A continuous extraction method and extraction tower for recycling waste batteries

Abstract

The present invention relates to a continuous extraction method and extraction tower for recycling waste batteries. The extraction tower comprises a tower body, a feed pipe disposed at the upper end of the tower body, the lower end of the feed pipe extending into the tower body, a lower sealing plug disposed at the lower end of the feed pipe, a frame disposed on the outer wall of the lower end of the feed pipe, a coil disposed within the frame, a guide sleeve disposed within the feed pipe, an armature mounted within the guide sleeve, a return spring disposed between the guide sleeve and the armature, the armature being fixedly connected to the lower sealing plug via a guide rod, a feed port disposed on the outer wall of the feed pipe, an upper sealing plug disposed within the feed pipe to seal the feed port, a telescopic cylinder disposed on the upper side of the feed pipe to drive the upper sealing plug, a connecting rod disposed on the lower side of the upper sealing plug, an upper contact disposed at the lower end of the connecting rod to electrically connect to the coil, and a lower contact disposed at the upper end of the guide sleeve to electrically connect to the coil. The present invention enables the addition of electrolyte and current collector raw materials into the tower body, achieving continuous extraction, improving extraction efficiency, and saving the cumbersome process and time associated with intermittent extraction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of waste battery recycling, and particularly relates to a continuous extraction method and an extraction tower for recycling waste batteries. Background Art

[0002] Lithium-ion batteries, as environmentally friendly batteries, are increasingly used. However, as their use increases, the amount of used lithium-ion batteries generated will explode. If not effectively recycled and processed, they will cause significant environmental pollution. To avoid serious environmental pollution and waste of resources and energy, recycling and processing of used lithium batteries is essential.

[0003] CO2 in a supercritical state can be used to extract the electrolyte from the battery crushed material, and then the CO2 is evaporated in a non-supercritical state to separate the CO2 and the electrolyte. E. Steven placed the waste lithium-ion battery in a supercritical reactor, added CO2, adjusted the temperature and pressure to make the CO2 reach a supercritical state, and the electrolyte quickly dissolved in the supercritical CO2. The CO2 and the battery were separated from the reactor, and the supercritical CO2 was restored to normal pressure in the collection kettle to precipitate the electrolyte. DYMu et al. used CO2 supercritical extraction to extract the electrolyte from waste batteries, which can extract organic solvents, lithium salts and additives with a recovery rate of over 90%. The extracted electrolyte can be used again after being supplemented with organic solvents, lithium salts and additives.

[0004] The Chinese invention patent with authorization announcement number CN105406146B discloses a method for subcritical extraction and recycling of waste lithium-ion battery electrolytes using carbon dioxide. The electrolyte, current collectors with positive and negative electrode materials, and diaphragms are all transferred into an extraction tower, and supercritical carbon dioxide is introduced into the extraction tower. During the extraction process, a high-pressure environment is maintained in the extraction tower, and the extracted gas phase is discharged from the top of the extraction tower, and the liquid phase is discharged from the bottom of the extraction tower. In this method, a certain amount of electrolyte mixture is added to the extraction tower. After the extraction of these electrolyte mixtures is completed, the extraction tower is depressurized, the extraction tower is opened, raw materials are added to the extraction tower again, and the extraction tower is pressurized to the set pressure. Although this method can realize the extraction of electrolytes by supercritical carbon dioxide, it cannot realize continuous extraction of electrolyte mixtures. On the one hand, it reduces the extraction efficiency, and on the other hand, it increases energy consumption. In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, further improvements are needed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides a continuous extraction method and an extraction tower for recycling waste batteries.

[0006] The technical solution of an extraction tower for recycling waste batteries of the present invention is:

[0007] The charging station is equipped with a charging station, and the charging station has a charging station that receives the charging station, and the charging station has a charging station that receives the charging station.

[0008] Furthermore, the guide sleeve is coaxially fixedly connected in the feed pipe, the lower side of the armature is provided with a guide plate matching the guide sleeve, the guide plate is provided with a through hole passing through the upper and lower sides of the guide plate, the upper side of the armature is provided with a fixed plate, and the two ends of the reset spring are respectively fixedly connected to the fixed plate and the guide sleeve.

[0009] Furthermore, a socket matching the connecting rod is provided at the upper end of the guide sleeve, the lower contact is located at the lower side of the socket, and a buffer spring is provided between the lower contact and the bottom of the socket.

[0010] Furthermore, the lower end of the feed pipe is provided with a stop edge which stops the lower sealing plug upward.

[0011] Furthermore, the upper end of the feed pipe has a sealing plate, the telescopic cylinder is fixedly connected to the sealing plate, the upper outer wall of the feed pipe is provided with a connecting hole connected to the inside of the feed pipe on the upper side of the upper sealing plug, and the feeding port is provided with an inclined feeding pipe.

[0012] The technical solution of a continuous extraction method for recycling waste batteries of the present invention is:

[0013] A continuous extraction method for recycling waste batteries comprises the following steps:

[0014] Step 1: Disassemble the used lithium-ion battery after it is fully discharged, remove the outer shell, positive and negative terminals, sealing ring and cover plate, add the electrolyte and the current collector with positive and negative electrode materials into the tower body through the inlet pipe, and seal the inlet pipe;

[0015] Step 2: Supercritical carbon dioxide or supercritical carbon dioxide mixed with an entrainer is introduced into the tower through the carbon dioxide pipe at the bottom of the tower body, and the pressure and temperature in the tower body are adjusted to perform extraction;

[0016] Step 3: During the extraction process, the lower sealing plug is sealed with the feed pipe, and the fluid collector enters the feed pipe through the feed pipe. The telescopic cylinder is started, and the telescopic cylinder drives the upper sealing plug downward. When the upper sealing plug is about to seal the feed port, the upper contact and the lower contact are connected, the coil is energized, the armature drives the lower sealing plug downward, the telescopic cylinder is closed, and the fluid collector in the feed pipe enters the tower body; the telescopic cylinder is started, and the telescopic cylinder drives the upper sealing plug upward to the upper side of the feed port. The telescopic cylinder is closed, and the lower sealing plug moves upward under the action of the reset spring until it is sealed with the feed pipe;

[0017] Repeat step 3 intermittently.

[0018] Furthermore, in step three, after the upper contact and the lower contact are connected, the telescopic cylinder continues to drive the upper sealing plug downward until the upper sealing plug and the feeding port are completely sealed. During this process, the lower contact compresses the buffer spring downward.

[0019] The present invention provides a continuous extraction method and extraction tower for recycling waste batteries. Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] The continuous extraction method and extraction tower for recycling used batteries of the present invention allow for the addition of electrolyte collector raw materials into the tower during the extraction process, achieving continuous extraction, improving extraction efficiency, and eliminating the cumbersome process and time associated with intermittent extraction. The addition of electrolyte collector raw materials into the tower during the extraction process reduces gas leakage from the tower, further stabilizing the internal pressure of the tower and reducing the energy consumption associated with repeated adjustments to the internal pressure, thereby achieving energy conservation and environmental protection. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 2. It is a structural schematic diagram of an extraction tower for recycling waste batteries according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 When the lower sealing plug and the feed pipe in the extraction tower for recycling waste batteries of the embodiment of the present invention are not sealed Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0023] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Enlarged view of point B in the middle;

[0024] Figure 4 The lower sealing plug and the feed pipe are sealed in the extraction tower for recycling waste batteries according to the embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0025] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 Enlarged view of point C in the middle;

[0026] In the figure: 1. tower body; 2. inlet pipe; 3. liquid outlet pipe; 4. gas outlet pipe; 5. carbon dioxide pipe; 6. nozzle; 7. tower plate; 8. filler; 9. feed pipe; 10. feeding pipe; 11. telescopic cylinder; 12. upper sealing plug; 13. lower sealing plug; 14. connecting hole; 15. frame; 16. coil; 17. guide sleeve; 18. armature; 19. guide plate; 20. perforation; 21. fixing plate; 22. return spring; 23. fixing rod; 24. sleeve; 25. connecting rod; 26. upper contact; 27. lower contact; 28. buffer spring; 29. ​​guide rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments:

[0028] The specific embodiment of the extraction tower for recycling waste batteries of the present invention is as follows: Figures 1 to 5 As shown, it includes a tower body, on which are welded an inlet pipe 2, a feed pipe 9, a liquid outlet pipe 3, an air outlet pipe 4 and a carbon dioxide pipe 5, wherein the inlet pipe 2, the feed pipe 9 and the air outlet pipe 4 are welded to the upper end of the tower body, the liquid outlet pipe 3 is welded to the bottom of the tower body, and the carbon dioxide pipe 5 is welded to the lower side of the outer wall of the tower body. The carbon dioxide pipe 5 has a horizontal section extending horizontally into the tower body and a vertical section fixedly connected to the inner end of the horizontal section. The vertical section extends upward and is arranged coaxially with the tower body. A nozzle 6 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the vertical section, and the supercritical carbon dioxide fluid enters the tower body through the carbon dioxide pipe 5 and is ejected from the nozzle 6. A tower plate 7 located on the upper side of the nozzle 6 is fixedly connected to the tower body, and a filler 8 is loaded on the tower plate 7.

[0029] The feed pipe 9 is welded to the middle position of the upper end of the tower body, and the lower end of the feed pipe 9 extends into the interior of the tower body. The upper end of the feed pipe 9 is fixedly connected to a sealing plate, and the upper end of the sealing plate is fixedly connected to a telescopic cylinder 11. The sealing plate has a piston rod of the telescopic cylinder 11 that extends into a through hole in the feed pipe 9. The feed pipe 9 is equipped with an upper sealing plug 12 for sliding sealing in the up and down directions. A feeding port is provided on the outer wall of the feed pipe 9 located outside the tower body, and the axis of the feeding port extends obliquely upward. A feeding pipe 10 is welded to the outer wall of the feeding port of the feed pipe 9, and similarly, the axis of the feeding pipe 10 extends obliquely upward. Several connecting holes 14 are provided on the outer wall of the feed pipe 9 on the upper side of the feeding pipe 10, which are connected to the interior of the feed pipe 9.

[0030] The lower end of the feed pipe 9 is provided with a lower sealing plug 13. The inner wall of the pipe opening has a stopper edge that blocks the lower sealing plug 13 from moving upward. A frame 15 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the feed pipe 9 near the lower end of the pipe opening. A coil 16 is mounted within the frame 15. A guide sleeve 17 is coaxially fixedly connected to the interior of the feed pipe 9. Both ends of the guide sleeve 17 are sealed. A horizontally arranged fixing rod 23 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the outer wall of the guide sleeve 17. The end of the fixing rod 23, distal from the guide sleeve 17, is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the feed pipe 9. An armature 18 is located within the guide sleeve 17. A guide plate 19 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the armature 18. The guide plate 19 guides the guide sleeve 17 in the vertical direction. The guide plate 19 has through-holes 20 extending through the upper and lower ends of the guide plate 19. A guide rod 29 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the guide sleeve 17. The lower end of the guide sleeve 17 has a guide hole that matches the guide rod 29. The lower end of the guide rod 29 is fixedly connected to the lower sealing plug 13. The upper end of the armature 18 is fixedly connected to a fixing plate 21 . A return spring 22 is provided between the fixing plate 21 and the upper inner wall of the guide sleeve 17 . The two ends of the return spring 22 are fixedly connected to the fixing plate 21 and the guide sleeve 17 , respectively.

[0031] The upper end of the guide sleeve 17 is fixedly connected to a socket 24. The bottom of the socket 24 has a lower contact 27, which is electrically connected to the coil 16. A buffer spring 28 is installed between the lower contact 27 and the bottom of the socket 24. The lower end of the upper sealing plug 12 is fixedly connected to a connecting rod 25, which is guided and inserted into the socket 24. The lower end of the connecting rod 25 is fixedly connected to an upper contact 26, which is electrically connected to the coil 16. When the telescopic cylinder 11 drives the upper sealing plug 12 downward, the connecting rod 25 moves into the socket 24. When the upper contact 26 at the lower end of the connecting rod 25 contacts the lower contact 27, the upper sealing block will completely seal the feed port.

[0032] The working principle of the waste battery recycling tower 1 of the present invention is as follows: during the extraction process, the lower sealing plug 13 is sealed with the feed pipe 9, the electrolyte and the current collector with positive and negative electrode materials enter the feed pipe 9 through the feed pipe 10, the telescopic cylinder 11 is activated, and the telescopic cylinder 11 drives the upper sealing plug 12 downward. When the upper sealing plug 12 is about to seal the feed port, the upper contact 26 and the lower contact 27 are connected, the coil 16 is energized, and the armature 18 drives the lower sealing plug 13 downward. The telescopic cylinder 11 continues to drive the upper sealing plug 12 downward until the upper sealing plug 12 is completely sealed with the feed port. During this process, the lower contact 27 compresses the buffer spring 28 downward, the telescopic cylinder 11 closes, and the electrolyte and the current collector with positive and negative electrode materials in the feed pipe 9 enter the tower body. After the collecting fluid in the feed pipe 9 flows out, the telescopic cylinder 11 is started, and the telescopic cylinder 11 drives the upper sealing plug 12 upward to the upper side of the feeding port. The telescopic cylinder 11 is closed, and the lower sealing plug 13 moves upward under the action of the return spring 22 until it is sealed with the feed pipe 9.

[0033] A specific embodiment of the continuous extraction method for recycling waste batteries of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0034] After the waste lithium-ion battery is fully discharged, it is disassembled, the outer shell, positive and negative terminals, sealing ring and cover are removed, and the electrolyte and the current collector with positive and negative electrode materials are added into the tower body through the inlet pipe 2, and the inlet pipe 2 is sealed.

[0035] Supercritical carbon dioxide or supercritical carbon dioxide mixed with an entrainer is introduced into the tower body through the carbon dioxide pipe 5 at the bottom of the tower body, and the pressure and temperature in the tower body are adjusted to perform extraction.

[0036] During the extraction process, the lower sealing plug 13 seals against the feed pipe 9, and the fluid collector enters the feed pipe 9 through the feed pipe 10. The telescopic cylinder 11 is activated, driving the upper sealing plug 12 downward. When the upper sealing plug 12 is about to seal the feed port, the upper contact 26 and the lower contact 27 are connected, the coil 16 is energized, and the armature 18 drives the lower sealing plug 13 downward. After the upper contact 26 and the lower contact 27 are connected, the telescopic cylinder 11 continues to drive the upper sealing plug 12 downward until the upper sealing plug 12 and the feed port are completely sealed. During this process, the lower contact 27 compresses the buffer spring 28 downward, the telescopic cylinder 11 closes, and the fluid collector in the feed pipe 9 enters the tower body. After the fluid collector in the feed pipe 9 flows out, the telescopic cylinder 11 is activated, driving the upper sealing plug 12 upward to the upper side of the feed port. The telescopic cylinder 11 closes, and the lower sealing plug 13 rises under the action of the return spring 22 until it is sealed against the feed pipe 9.

[0037] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An extraction tower for recycling waste batteries, characterized in that: The tower body comprises a carbon dioxide tube welded on the tower body, and supercritical carbon dioxide fluid enters the tower body through the carbon dioxide tube. The upper end of the tower body is provided with a feed pipe, and the lower end of the feed pipe extends into the tower body. The lower end of the feed pipe is provided with a lower sealing plug. The outer wall of the lower end of the feed pipe is provided with a frame arranged around the feed pipe, a coil is provided in the frame, a guide sleeve is provided in the feed pipe, and an armature is installed in the guide sleeve along the up and down directions. A reset spring is provided between the guide sleeve and the armature, and the armature is fixedly connected to the lower sealing plug through a guide rod. The outer wall of the feed pipe is provided with a feeding port connected to the feed pipe, and the feed pipe is equipped with an upper sealing plug for closing the feeding port. The upper side of the feed pipe is provided with a telescopic cylinder for driving the upper sealing plug to move, and the lower side of the upper sealing plug is provided with a connecting rod. The lower end of the connecting rod is provided with an upper contact electrically connected to the coil, and the upper end of the guide sleeve is provided with a lower contact electrically connected to the coil. The telescopic cylinder drives the upper sealing plug downward. When the upper sealing plug is about to seal the feeding port, the upper contact and the lower contact are connected, the coil is energized, and the armature drives the lower sealing plug downward.

2. The extraction tower for recycling waste batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guide sleeve is coaxially fixedly connected in the feed pipe, and a guide plate matching the guide sleeve is provided on the lower side of the armature. The guide plate is provided with through holes passing through the upper and lower sides of the guide plate. A fixed plate is provided on the upper side of the armature, and the two ends of the return spring are fixedly connected to the fixed plate and the guide sleeve respectively.

3. The extraction tower for recycling waste batteries according to claim 2, characterized in that: The upper end of the guide sleeve is provided with a socket matching the connecting rod, the lower contact is located at the lower side of the socket, and a buffer spring is provided between the lower contact and the bottom of the socket.

4. The extraction tower for recycling waste batteries according to claim 3, characterized in that: The lower end of the feed pipe is provided with a stop edge which stops the lower sealing plug upward.

5. The extraction tower for recycling waste batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end of the feed pipe has a sealing plate, the telescopic cylinder is fixedly connected to the sealing plate, the upper outer wall of the feed pipe is provided with a connecting hole connected to the inside of the feed pipe on the upper side of the upper sealing plug, and the feeding port is provided with an inclined feeding pipe.

6. A continuous extraction method for recycling waste batteries based on the extraction tower according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Disassemble the used lithium-ion battery after it is fully discharged, remove the outer shell, positive and negative terminals, sealing ring and cover plate, add the electrolyte and the current collector with positive and negative electrode materials into the tower body through the inlet pipe, and seal the inlet pipe; Step 2: Supercritical carbon dioxide or supercritical carbon dioxide mixed with an entrainer is introduced into the tower through the carbon dioxide pipe at the bottom of the tower body, and the pressure and temperature in the tower body are adjusted to perform extraction; Step 3: During the extraction process, the lower sealing plug is sealed with the feed pipe, and the fluid collector enters the feed pipe through the feed pipe. The telescopic cylinder is started, and the telescopic cylinder drives the upper sealing plug downward. When the upper sealing plug is about to seal the feed port, the upper contact and the lower contact are connected, the coil is energized, the armature drives the lower sealing plug downward, the telescopic cylinder is closed, and the fluid collector in the feed pipe enters the tower body; the telescopic cylinder is started, and the telescopic cylinder drives the upper sealing plug upward to the upper side of the feed port. The telescopic cylinder is closed, and the lower sealing plug moves upward under the action of the reset spring until it is sealed with the feed pipe; Repeat step 3 intermittently.

7. The continuous extraction method for recycling waste batteries according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step three, after the upper contact and the lower contact are connected, the telescopic cylinder continues to drive the upper sealing plug downward until the upper sealing plug and the feeding port are completely sealed. During this process, the lower contact compresses the buffer spring downward.

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