A beneficiation separation method of high-copper and low-zinc type high-sulfur polymetallic ore

Abstract

The application discloses a beneficiation separation method for high-copper and low-zinc high-sulfur polymetallic ore, which comprises the following steps: A, after crushing the raw ore, ball milling and grading are performed, the sand is returned to the ball mill, and the overflow product is fed into a copper roughing process; B, copper roughing is performed; C, the roughing concentrate is subjected to copper cleaning process to obtain copper concentrate, and the roughing tailings are fed into a copper scavenging process; D, copper scavenging is performed, the scavenging tailings are subjected to grading, the sand is returned to the ball mill, and the overflow product is fed into a zinc roughing process; E, zinc roughing is performed, the roughing concentrate is subjected to zinc cleaning process to obtain zinc concentrate, and the roughing tailings are subjected to zinc scavenging process to obtain zinc tailings. The application efficiently realizes the separation of copper concentrate and zinc concentrate by fully utilizing the mineral particle size distribution characteristics, introducing a particle size grading system and improving the flotation reagent, and has the technical characteristics of high separation yield, easy operation, stable separation index and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of copper ore beneficiation technology, and in particular to a beneficiation and separation method for high-copper, low-zinc, high-sulfide polymetallic ores. Background Technology

[0002] The effective separation and recovery of copper and zinc minerals has always been a difficult and challenging issue in the mineral processing industry. The main reasons are: firstly, the copper and zinc minerals in the raw ore have different grades, resulting in inconsistent requirements for individual mineral liberation; secondly, some copper and zinc minerals are densely coexisting with fine crystal grains, making individual mineral liberation difficult; and thirdly, the ore pulp formed after crushing and grinding contains Cu. 2+ This can increase the floatability of sphalerite, making the separation of copper and zinc minerals more difficult. These factors make it difficult to effectively separate and recover copper and zinc minerals during mineral processing.

[0003] Currently, the main beneficiation processes for copper-zinc sulfide ores in the mineral processing industry are preferential flotation and mixed flotation followed by copper-zinc separation. However, both processes have certain drawbacks in their current applications. Mixed flotation primarily involves preferentially selecting copper-zinc minerals first, and then separating the selected products through flotation. Because the two minerals require different particle sizes for liberation, this method often results in poor separation and low-quality products. Another method involves regrinding the preferentially selected copper-zinc minerals before flotation separation. While this method achieves some results, it is energy-intensive, has a complex process, and high production costs. Furthermore, it can easily lead to over-grinding of the minerals, thus affecting beneficiation indicators. Preferred flotation utilizes the natural floatability differences between copper and zinc minerals to prioritize the selection of copper minerals with better floatability before proceeding with zinc flotation. However, this method has several drawbacks in production applications. First, inconsistent particle size requirements for the liberation of individual copper and zinc minerals lead to insufficient separation of the minerals and high cross-contamination in the products. Second, the addition of water during the copper flotation process and the removal of some products in the initial stage results in a lower flotation concentration in the subsequent zinc flotation, affecting the flotation time for mineral recovery. Third, the different grades and properties of copper and zinc minerals require different effective volumes of flotation machines for the two processes. In particular, for high-copper, low-zinc sulfide ores, the flotation machine volume required for copper flotation is much larger than that required for zinc flotation. During production, adjusting the copper flotation liquid level can easily cause large fluctuations in the zinc flotation liquid level, resulting in poor stability of zinc flotation indicators.

[0004] Chinese patent CN115430523B discloses a flotation separation method for low-copper, high-zinc, difficult-to-process copper-zinc sulfide ores. This patent first wet-mills the low-copper, high-zinc copper-zinc sulfide ore, then performs a copper roughing and a copper scavenging operation on the slurry. The copper roughing concentrate is then regrinded and subjected to two copper cleaning operations. The tailings from the first copper cleaning are then subjected to a copper cleaning scavenging operation. The tailings from the second copper cleaning are combined with the copper cleaning scavenging concentrate and returned to the first copper cleaning operation. The copper scavenging concentrate is returned to the copper roughing operation, and the copper cleaning scavenging tailings are returned to the zinc roughing operation, forming a copper cycle. The copper cycle tailings are then subjected to a zinc roughing and a zinc scavenging operation. The zinc roughing concentrate is then subjected to two zinc cleaning operations. The tailings from the first zinc cleaning and the zinc scavenging concentrate are returned to the zinc roughing operation, and the tailings from the second zinc cleaning are returned to the first zinc cleaning operation, forming a zinc cycle. This constitutes a closed-loop process. The products from the second cleaning of the copper and zinc cycles are the final copper and zinc concentrates. However, the application of this patented technology in production has drawbacks such as high energy consumption, complex processes, and high requirements for the quantity and stability of the selected ore. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a beneficiation and separation method for high-copper, low-zinc, high-sulfide polymetallic ores, in order to solve the problems existing in the prior art.

[0006] The technical solution adopted in this invention is as follows: A beneficiation and separation method for high-copper, low-zinc, high-sulfide polymetallic ores, comprising the following steps:

[0007] A. After crushing the raw ore, it is ball-milled to make the raw ore particle size reach -200 mesh and the proportion reaches more than 40%. Then it is classified through the first particle size classification system. The sediment is returned to the ball mill, and the overflow product obtained from the classification enters the copper roughing process.

[0008] B. After mixing the overflow product with flotation reagents and adjusting the slurry, copper roughing is carried out. The flotation reagents consist of pyrite inhibitor, zinc mineral inhibitor, copper mineral collector and frother.

[0009] C. The rough concentrate obtained from the roughing process is further refined by the copper beneficiation process to obtain copper concentrate. The rough tailings obtained from the roughing process are then subjected to copper scavenging.

[0010] D. After the roughing tailings are mixed with flotation reagents and slurry is prepared, copper scavenging is carried out. The obtained scavenged tailings enter the second particle size classification system for classification. The underflow is returned to the ball mill. The overflow product obtained from the classification enters the zinc roughing process. The flotation reagents consist of copper mineral collectors and frothers.

[0011] E. The overflow product of the second particle size classification system is mixed with flotation reagents and then fed into the zinc roughing process. The flotation reagents consist of pyrite inhibitors, zinc mineral activators, zinc mineral collectors and frothers. The roughing concentrate obtained from the roughing process is then refined into zinc concentrate by the zinc cleaning process. The roughing tailings are then scavenged by the zinc scavenging process to obtain zinc tailings.

[0012] Furthermore, both the first particle size classification system and the second particle size classification system consist of a slurry tank, a slurry pump, and a hydrocyclone.

[0013] Furthermore, the overflow product classified by the first particle size classification system has a fineness of not less than 55% and a concentration of not less than 35%, and the classified sediment is returned to the ball milling process for ball milling; the overflow product classified by the second particle size classification system has a fineness of not less than 65% and a concentration of not less than 35%, and the classified sediment is returned to the ball milling process for ball milling.

[0014] Furthermore, the pyrite inhibitor is lime, the zinc mineral inhibitor is composed of zinc sulfate and sodium sulfite, the copper mineral collector is copper mineral collector 207, the foaming agent is No. 2 oil, the zinc mineral activator is copper sulfate, and the zinc mineral collector is butyl sodium xanthate.

[0015] Furthermore, the copper beneficiation process is a three-stage copper beneficiation process. The concentrate obtained from each stage of copper beneficiation is transferred to the next stage of processing, while the middlings are returned to the previous stage of processing, forming a closed-loop separation process.

[0016] Furthermore, the zinc beneficiation process is a four-stage zinc beneficiation process. The concentrate obtained from each stage of zinc beneficiation is transferred to the next stage of processing, while the middlings are returned to the previous stage of processing, forming a closed-loop separation process.

[0017] Furthermore, in step B, the composition and dosage of the flotation reagents are as follows: lime 800±100g / t, zinc sulfate 300±50g / t, sodium sulfite 100±30g / t, copper mineral collector 207 50±10g / t, and No. 2 oil 10±2g / t.

[0018] Furthermore, the roughing concentrate obtained from copper roughing is first mixed with lime, zinc sulfate, and sodium sulfite to form a slurry before entering the copper beneficiation process. The amount of lime added is 400±50 g / t, the amount of zinc sulfate added is 150±20 g / t, and the amount of sodium sulfite added is 50±10 g / t. The roughing tailings obtained from copper roughing are mixed with copper mineral collector 207 and No. 2 oil to form a slurry before entering the copper scavenging process. The copper scavenging process consists of two stages. The flotation reagent dosage for the first stage is: copper mineral collector 207 25±5 g / t and No. 2 oil 5±1 g / t. The flotation reagent dosage for the second stage is: copper mineral collector 207 15±2 g / t and No. 2 oil 2±0.5 g / t.

[0019] Furthermore, in the zinc roughing process, the flotation reagents used for zinc roughing are: lime 600±100g / t, copper sulfate 200±50g / t, butyl sodium xanthate 20±5g / t, and No. 2 oil 8±1g / t.

[0020] Furthermore, the rough concentrate obtained from zinc roughing is mixed with lime to form a slurry, and then enters the zinc cleaning process. The rough tailings obtained are mixed with butyl sodium xanthate and copper sulfate to form a slurry, and then enter the zinc scavenging process. The lime dosage is 300±50 g / t. The zinc scavenging process is divided into two stages. The dosage of flotation reagents for the first stage scavenging is: butyl sodium xanthate 10±2 g / t, copper sulfate 100±20 g / t. The dosage of flotation reagents for the second stage scavenging is: butyl sodium xanthate 5±1 g / t, copper sulfate 50±10 g / t.

[0021] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0022] 1. This invention fully utilizes the differences in grade, particle size distribution, and mineral liberation requirements of raw copper and zinc ores. By using a preferential flotation method, specially formulated flotation reagents are selected to effectively recover copper minerals with high degree of liberation in the copper flotation process. At the same time, it ensures that zinc minerals are not lost in the copper flotation process to the greatest extent.

[0023] 2. A particle size classification system was added between the copper and zinc flotation processes. After the copper tailings passed through the particle size classification system, the concentration and fineness of the slurry entering the zinc flotation system were increased, so that the zinc minerals could be efficiently separated under reasonable flotation concentration and fineness conditions. A small amount of the copper tailings was returned to a ball mill for regrinding after passing through the particle size classification system at the front end of the zinc flotation system. This effectively enhanced the efficient separation of copper and zinc minerals, and separated some densely coexisting copper and zinc minerals. At the same time, some production water could be brought back to the ball mill system, so that this part of the production water did not have to be returned to the tailings dam and then pumped to a high-level water tank again by the power system for reuse, thus reducing the cost of this part of the production water.

[0024] 3. This invention incorporates zinc mineral inhibitors into the copper flotation process, resulting in a large amount of hydrophilic substances on the surface of zinc minerals, thus preventing the loss of zinc minerals during the copper flotation process. At the same time, after the copper tailings pass through the particle size classification system, they enter the zinc flotation system, which can destroy most of the hydrophilic substances on the surface of zinc minerals, greatly improving the floatability of zinc minerals and effectively reducing the amount of zinc activator used in the zinc flotation process.

[0025] 4. In this invention, since high-grade copper minerals require flotation machines with a larger effective volume for recovery, while low-grade zinc minerals only require flotation machines with a smaller effective volume for recovery, a slurry tank is used as a buffer tank. A particle size classification system consisting of a slurry pump and a hydrocyclone is used to allow the slurry pump to operate at a stable frequency. This allows the copper tailings slurry to be supplied to the zinc flotation system through a stable slurry pump feed pressure, avoiding the impact of adjusting the liquid level in the copper flotation system on the liquid level in the zinc flotation operation, ensuring the stability of the zinc flotation liquid level, and effectively guaranteeing the zinc flotation indicators.

[0026] 5. After particle size classification, the copper tailings are returned to the first-stage grinding process for targeted regrinding of a small portion of coarse ore particles, which improves the separation efficiency of copper and zinc. At the same time, the product of this coarse ore particle grinding is allowed to re-enter the copper-zinc flotation process, which ensures the full recovery of copper minerals, the effective separation of copper and zinc minerals and the full liberation of zinc minerals. It also eliminates the need for a second-stage grinding process, which consumes a lot of energy and greatly improves the production efficiency of copper-zinc separation. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the beneficiation and separation method for a high-copper, low-zinc, high-sulfide polymetallic ore according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0029] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0030] like Figure 1 As shown, a beneficiation and separation method for a high-copper, low-zinc, high-sulfide polymetallic ore includes the following steps:

[0031] S1. The raw ore is crushed and then ground in a ball mill. The ground product is then fed into the first particle size classification system, which consists of a slurry pump and a hydrocyclone, through a slurry tank for classification.

[0032] S2. The overflow product classified by the first particle size classification system enters the copper coarse selection operation, while the classified sand is returned to the ball mill for fine grinding again.

[0033] S3. The overflow product entering the copper roughing process is first added to the mixing tank for slurry preparation. Lime is used as a pyrite inhibitor, zinc sulfate and sodium sulfite are used as zinc mineral inhibitors, copper mineral collector 207 and frother 2# oil are added to the mixing tank, and the slurry is then entered into the copper roughing process.

[0034] S4. The roughing froth product obtained from copper roughing is fed into the copper beneficiation process after the addition of lime, zinc sulfate, and sodium sulfite; the tailings product obtained from roughing is fed into the copper flotation scavenging process after the addition of copper mineral collector 207 and No. 2 oil.

[0035] S5. Copper beneficiation process 1 yields foam products and tailings from the first beneficiation operation. The foam products from the first beneficiation operation enter the second copper beneficiation operation, while the tailings from the first beneficiation operation are returned to the copper roughing process. Copper beneficiation process 2 yields foam products and tailings from the second beneficiation operation. The foam products from the second beneficiation operation enter the third copper beneficiation operation, while the tailings from the second beneficiation operation are returned to the first copper beneficiation operation. Copper beneficiation process 3 yields foam products and tailings from the third beneficiation operation. The foam products from the third beneficiation operation are the final copper concentrate, while the tailings from the third beneficiation operation are returned to the second copper beneficiation operation. In other words, copper concentrate is obtained through a three-stage copper beneficiation process.

[0036] S6. The copper flotation scavenging operation 1 yields scavenging froth product and scavenging tailings. The scavenging froth product is returned to the copper roughing operation. The scavenging tailings are mixed with copper mineral collector 207 and No. 2 oil and then enter the copper flotation scavenging operation 2 to obtain scavenging froth product and scavenging tailings. The scavenging froth product enters the copper flotation scavenging operation 1, and the scavenging tailings enter the second particle size classification system (composed of slurry tank, slurry pump, and hydrocyclone) for classification. That is, the copper flotation scavenging is set as a two-stage scavenging process.

[0037] S7. The overflow product from the second particle size classification system enters the zinc flotation system, while the classified sand is returned to the ball mill for regrinding.

[0038] S8. Before entering the zinc flotation system, the overflow product from the second particle size classification system is mixed with reagents in a stirring tank. Lime is used as a pyrite inhibitor, copper sulfate is used as a zinc mineral activator, sodium butyl xanthate is used as a zinc mineral collector, and No. 2 oil is used as a frother. After mixing and adding reagents, the product enters the zinc flotation system for roughing.

[0039] S9. The foam product obtained from zinc roughing is added with lime and then enters the zinc flotation cleaning operation. The zinc roughing tailings are added with copper sulfate, butyl sodium xanthate and No. 2 oil and then enter the zinc flotation scavenging operation.

[0040] S10. The foam product obtained from the first zinc flotation cleaning process enters the second zinc flotation cleaning process. The tailings from the first cleaning process are returned to the zinc roughing process. The foam product from the second cleaning process enters the third zinc flotation cleaning process. The tailings from the second cleaning process are returned to the first zinc flotation cleaning process. The foam product from the third cleaning process enters the fourth zinc flotation cleaning process. The tailings from the third cleaning process are returned to the second zinc flotation cleaning process. The foam product obtained from the fourth cleaning process is the final zinc concentrate product. The tailings from the fourth cleaning process are returned to the third zinc flotation cleaning process. That is, a four-stage zinc cleaning process is set up.

[0041] S11. The froth product obtained from the first zinc flotation scavenging operation enters the zinc roughing operation. The tailings from the first scavenging operation are treated with copper sulfate, butyl sodium xanthate, and No. 2 oil before entering the second zinc flotation scavenging operation. The froth product obtained from the second scavenging operation enters the first zinc flotation operation. The tailings from the second scavenging operation become the final zinc tailings product, i.e., a two-stage zinc flotation scavenging process is set up.

[0042] To better illustrate the technical advantages of the mineral processing and separation method of the present invention, some embodiments and comparative test examples conducted previously are listed below:

[0043] Example 1

[0044] The raw ore is a high-sulfur, low-zinc copper ore with a copper grade of 2.31%, a zinc grade of 1.13%, and a sulfidation rate of 93%. Please refer to [the relevant source]. Figure 1 The ore is subjected to flotation, and the steps are as follows:

[0045] S1. The raw ore is crushed to form a raw ore with a particle size of -200 mesh. After the raw ore is ground by an MQY27*36 overflow ball mill, the grinding product enters the first particle size classification system composed of a 100ZJ-42 slurry pump and an FX-GTφ500 hydrocyclone for classification.

[0046] S2. The overflow product classified by the first particle size classification system enters the copper coarse selection operation, while the classified sand is returned to the MQY27*36 overflow ball mill for fine grinding again.

[0047] S3. The overflow product entering the copper roughing stage has a fineness of 60% (60% of the particles are of -200 mesh size) and a concentration of 40% (40% of the original ore concentration). This overflow product is first mixed with reagents in a stirred tank to adjust the slurry. The flotation reagents used are lime (800g / t), zinc sulfate (300g / t), sodium sulfite (100g / t), copper mineral collector 207 (50g / t), and No. 2 oil (10g / t). After the slurry is adjusted, it enters the copper roughing stage.

[0048] S4. The roughing froth product obtained from copper roughing is fed into the copper beneficiation process after the addition of lime (400g / t), zinc sulfate (150g / t), and sodium sulfite (50g / t). The tailings product obtained from roughing is fed into the copper flotation scavenging process after the addition of copper mineral collector 207 (25g / t) and No. 2 oil (5g / t).

[0049] S5. Copper Refinery I produces foam products and tailings from Refinery I. The foam products from Refinery I enter Copper Refinery II, while the tailings from Refinery I are returned to the copper roughing process. Copper Refinery II produces foam products and tailings from Refinery II. The foam products from Refinery II enter Copper Refinery III, while the tailings from Refinery II are returned to Copper Refinery I. Copper Refinery III produces foam products and tailings from Refinery III. The foam products from Refinery III are the final copper concentrate (copper grade 24.98%, zinc content 1.04%), while the tailings from Refinery III are returned to Copper Refinery II.

[0050] S6. The copper flotation scavenging operation 1 yields scavenging froth product and scavenging tailings. The scavenging froth product is returned to the copper roughing operation. The scavenging tailings are treated with copper mineral collector 207 (addition amount 15g / t) and No. 2 oil (addition amount 2g / t) before entering the copper flotation scavenging operation 2, yielding scavenging froth product and scavenging tailings. The scavenging froth product is returned to the copper flotation scavenging operation 1, and the scavenging tailings are entered into the second particle size classification system (composed of 80ZJ-42 slurry pump and FX-GTφ500 hydrocyclone) for classification.

[0051] S7. The overflow product (70% fineness, 38% concentration) from the second particle size classification system enters the zinc flotation system, while the classified sand is returned to the MQY27*36 overflow ball mill for regrinding.

[0052] S8. Before entering the zinc flotation system, the overflow product from the second particle size classification system is mixed in a stirring tank with reagents. Lime (600g / t) is used as a pyrite depressant, copper sulfate (200g / t) is used as the zinc mineral activator, sodium butyl xanthate (20g / t) is used as the zinc mineral collector, and No. 2 oil (8g / t) is used as the frother. After mixing and adding reagents, the product enters the zinc flotation system for roughing.

[0053] S9. The frothy product obtained from zinc roughing is added with lime (300g / t) and then enters the zinc flotation cleaning operation. The zinc roughing tailings are added with copper sulfate (100g / t), butyl sodium xanthate (10g / t), and No. 2 oil (4g / t) and then enter the zinc flotation scavenging operation.

[0054] S10. The froth product from zinc flotation cleaner 1 enters zinc flotation cleaner 2, and the tailings from cleaner 1 are returned to zinc roughing. The froth product from cleaner 2 enters zinc flotation cleaner 3, and the tailings from cleaner 2 are returned to zinc flotation cleaner 1. The froth product from cleaner 3 enters zinc flotation cleaner 4, and the tailings from cleaner 3 are returned to zinc flotation cleaner 2. The froth product obtained from cleaner 4 is the final zinc concentrate product (zinc grade of 48.47% and copper content of 0.62%), and the tailings from cleaner 4 are returned to zinc flotation cleaner 3.

[0055] S11. The froth product obtained from the first zinc flotation stage enters the zinc roughing operation. The tailings from the first stage are fed with copper sulfate (50g / t), butyl sodium xanthate (5g / t), and No. 2 oil (2g / t) before entering the second zinc flotation stage. The froth product obtained from the second stage enters the first zinc flotation stage, and the tailings from the second stage become the final zinc tailings product.

[0056] Example 2

[0057] Example 2 is the same as Example 1, except that its raw ore grade is 1.74% copper, 0.86% zinc, and 94% sulfidation.

[0058] Example 3

[0059] Example 3 is the same as Example 1, except that its raw ore has a copper grade of 2.87%, a zinc grade of 1.53%, and a sulfidation rate of 95%.

[0060] Comparative Example 1

[0061] Comparative Example 1 is the same as Example 1, except that the tailings obtained from the copper scavenging process are directly added to the flotation reagents and then into the zinc flotation system, without being processed by the second particle size classification system.

[0062] Comparative Example 2

[0063] Comparative Example 2 is the same as Example 1, except that the overflow fineness of the first grading system is 50% and the overflow fineness of the second particle size grading system is 60%.

[0064] Comparative Example 3

[0065] Comparative Example 3 is the same as Example 1, except that in the copper roughing process, the zinc sulfate addition of 300 g / t and sodium sulfite addition of 100 g / t in Example 1 are replaced with zinc sulfate addition of 240 g / t, sodium sulfite addition of 75 g / t and potassium ferricyanide addition of 75 g / t, while the total amount of inhibitor added is the same.

[0066] The performance indicators for each flotation stage in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-3 are shown in Tables 1 and 2:

[0067] Table 1. Key Indicators of Each Flotation Stage in the Example

[0068]

[0069]

[0070] Table 2. Main indicators of each flotation stage in the comparative example.

[0071]

[0072]

[0073] As shown in Tables 1 and 2, Examples 1, 2, and 3 demonstrate that this process is highly adaptable to variations in the grade and properties of the raw ore, ensuring that the copper concentrate grade and recovery rate remain stable at approximately 25% and 95%, respectively, and the zinc concentrate grade and recovery rate remain stable at approximately 48% and 80%, respectively. This effectively guarantees the quality and recovery rate of both copper and zinc concentrate products. Furthermore, by controlling the zinc content in the copper concentrate to below 1.13% and the copper content in the zinc concentrate to below 0.64%, the copper-zinc separation and beneficiation effects are significant, resulting in substantial economic benefits.

[0074] As illustrated in Comparative Example 1, the separation and recovery of copper and zinc using only a single-stage classification system is poor. The main reason is that during copper recovery in the copper process, some copper-zinc minerals are not fully liberated. To ensure copper recovery, some zinc minerals must be forcibly recovered into the copper concentrate, significantly reducing the quality of the copper concentrate. To maintain copper concentrate quality, some associated copper-zinc minerals must be lost into the zinc flotation process, further affecting the copper concentrate recovery rate. Simultaneously, the lack of a second-stage classification system results in a lower pulp concentration entering the zinc flotation process, reducing the recovery time of zinc minerals. Insufficient zinc mineral monomers further lower the quality of the zinc concentrate. Some zinc minerals are affected by inhibitors in the copper flotation process, leading to poor floatability. Furthermore, the smaller effective volume of the flotation machine in the zinc flotation process makes it more susceptible to adjustments in the liquid level during the upstream copper flotation process. These factors are the main reasons affecting the efficient separation and recovery of copper and zinc minerals.

[0075] As illustrated in Comparative Example 2, sufficient liberation of individual minerals is a crucial factor affecting flotation performance, and feed fineness is a key technical parameter for assessing the extent of this liberation. In Comparative Example 2, although a two-stage classification system provides a suitable flotation pulp concentration for the zinc flotation process, resulting in improved copper and zinc concentrate grades and recoveries compared to Comparative Example 1, the lower feed fineness leads to less complete liberation of minerals, resulting in higher intermineral content in the concentrate product. The recovery rate is also lower than in Example 1.

[0076] As illustrated by Comparative Example 3, selecting the effective type and dosage of zinc mineral depressant is also one of the important factors for the efficient separation of copper and zinc minerals in the copper flotation process. Compared with Example 1, in Comparative Example 3, the zinc minerals were not effectively suppressed in the copper flotation process, resulting in some zinc minerals competing with the copper minerals in the copper flotation process. This led to some zinc minerals being lost into the copper concentrate product, which not only had a certain impact on the quality of the copper concentrate, but also, over a long period of production, a small amount of copper minerals would be lost into the zinc flotation process, which would also have a certain impact on the quality and recovery rate of the zinc concentrate.

[0077] The separation and recovery beneficiation process for high-copper, low-zinc, high-sulfide polymetallic ores of this invention is highly applicable to raw ores of different grades and properties; it exhibits good production stability, is easy to operate, and produces excellent beneficiation indicators; it has low energy consumption, saving 10% on reagent costs and 5% on grinding water, avoiding the return of this water to the high-level water tank via tailings for further use in production. It is an excellent choice for efficient separation and recovery processes of copper and zinc minerals.

[0078] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A beneficiation separation method of high copper low zinc type high sulfidation polymetallic ore, characterized by, It comprises the following steps: A. After crushing the raw ore, ball milling is performed to make the particle size of the raw ore reach-200 mesh, and then the first particle size classification system is used for classification, the classified sand returns to the ball milling, and the overflow product obtained by classification enters the copper roughing process; B. The overflow product is mixed with the flotation reagent to make pulp, and then copper roughing is performed, wherein the flotation reagent is composed of pyrite depressant, zinc mineral depressant, copper mineral collector and frother; C. The roughing concentrate obtained by roughing is subjected to copper cleaning process to obtain copper concentrate, and the roughing tailings obtained by roughing enter the copper scavenging process for scavenging; D. The roughing tailings are mixed with the flotation reagent to make pulp, and then copper scavenging is performed, and the scavenging tailings obtained enter the second particle size classification system for classification, the sand returns to the ball milling, and the overflow product obtained by classification enters the zinc roughing process, wherein the flotation reagent is composed of copper mineral collector and frother; E. The overflow product is mixed with the flotation reagent to make pulp, and then enters the zinc roughing process, wherein the flotation reagent is composed of pyrite depressant, zinc mineral activator, zinc mineral collector and frother; the roughing concentrate obtained by roughing is subjected to zinc cleaning process to obtain zinc concentrate, and the roughing tailings are subjected to zinc scavenging process to obtain zinc tailings; The pyrite depressant is lime, the zinc mineral depressant is composed of zinc sulfate and sodium sulfite, the copper mineral collector is copper mineral collector 207, the frother is 2# oil, the zinc mineral activator is copper sulfate, and the zinc mineral collector is butyl sodium xanthate; The first particle size classification system and the second particle size classification system are both composed of a slag slurry tank, a slag slurry pump and a hydrocyclone; the fineness of the overflow product classified by the first particle size classification system is not less than 55%, the concentration is not less than 35%, and the classified sand returns to the ball milling process for ball milling; the fineness of the overflow product classified by the second particle size classification system is not less than 65%, the concentration is not less than 35%, and the classified sand returns to the ball milling process for ball milling.

2. The beneficiation separation method of high-copper low-zinc type high-sulfur polymetallic ore according to claim 1, characterized in that, The copper cleaning process is a 3-stage copper cleaning process, the concentrate obtained by each stage of copper cleaning is transferred to the next stage for processing, and the middlings are returned to the previous stage for processing, forming a closed circuit separation process.

3. The beneficiation separation method of high-copper low-zinc type high-sulfur polymetallic ore according to claim 1, characterized in that, The zinc cleaning process is a 4-stage zinc cleaning process, the concentrate obtained by each stage of zinc cleaning is transferred to the next stage for processing, and the middlings are returned to the previous stage for processing, forming a closed circuit separation process.

4. The beneficiation separation method of high-copper low-zinc type high-sulfur polymetallic ore according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step B, the composition and amount of the flotation reagent are as follows: lime 800±100g / t, zinc sulfate 300±50g / t, sodium sulfite 100±30g / t, copper mineral collector 207 50±10g / t, and 2# oil 10±2g / t.

5. The beneficiation separation method of high-copper low-zinc type high-sulfur polymetallic ore according to claim 1, characterized in that, The roughing concentrate obtained by copper roughing is mixed with lime, zinc sulfate and sodium sulfite to form a pulp, and then enters the copper cleaning process, wherein the addition amount of lime is 400±50 g / t, the addition amount of zinc sulfate is 150±20 g / t, and the addition amount of sodium sulfite is 50±10 g / t; the roughing tailings obtained by copper roughing are mixed with copper mineral collector 207 and 2# oil to form a pulp, and then enter the copper scavenging process, wherein the copper scavenging process is divided into two stages of scavenging, the flotation reagent dosage of the first stage of scavenging is: copper mineral collector 207 is 25±5 g / t, 2# oil is 5±1 g / t, and the flotation reagent dosage of the second stage of scavenging is: copper mineral collector 207 is 15±2 g / t, 2# oil is 2±0.5 g / t.

6. The beneficiation separation method of high-copper low-zinc type high-sulfur polymetallic ore according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the zinc roughing, the flotation reagents used in the zinc roughing are: lime 600±100 g / t, copper sulfate 200±50 g / t, butyl sodium xanthate 20±5 g / t, and 2# oil 8±1 g / t.

7. The beneficiation separation method of high-copper low-zinc type high-sulfur polymetallic ore according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The roughing concentrate obtained by zinc roughing is mixed with lime to form a pulp, and then enters the zinc cleaning process, and the roughing tailings are mixed with butyl sodium xanthate, copper sulfate and 2# oil to form a pulp, and then enter the zinc scavenging process; wherein the zinc scavenging process is divided into two stages of scavenging, the flotation reagent dosage of the first stage of scavenging is: butyl sodium xanthate 10±2 g / t, copper sulfate 100±20 g / t, and 2# oil 4±0.5 g / t, and the flotation reagent dosage of the second stage of scavenging is: butyl sodium xanthate 5±1 g / t, copper sulfate 50±10 g / t, and 2# oil 2±0.5 g / t.

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