Snow-melting device and snow-melting system design method for snow plough

Abstract

The application discloses a snow-melting device of a snow-removing vehicle and a snow-melting system design method, belongs to the technical field of road snow-removing, and the snow-melting device of the snow-removing vehicle comprises a heat-preservation control box, a heating device with a heating disc, a snow-removing device with a scraper blade group and a snow-melting control system, and the scraper blade group is arranged above the heating disc and continuously scrapes and presses the accumulated snow. The snow-melting device of the snow-removing vehicle can scrape and press the accumulated snow, ensures close adhesion of the accumulated snow and the heating disc, and has high snow-melting efficiency. The snow-melting effect is good, and the energy utilization rate is effectively improved. Meanwhile, the snow-melting system design method can rely on the designed snow-melting system with a fuzzy controller, optimizes the snow-melting capacity of the snow-melting device of the snow-removing vehicle, and improves the snow-melting effect.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of road snow handling, in particular to a snow removal vehicle snow melting device, a snow melting control system and a snow melting system design method. BACKGROUND

[0002] In northern China, the snow season lasts for 3-5 months every year. Snowfall purifies the air and replenishes water sources, but also brings many inconveniences to people's production and life. The friction coefficient of the road surface after snow cover is significantly reduced, which can easily cause traffic accidents and reduce transportation capacity. Therefore, timely removal of road snow has important practical significance.

[0003] The inventor found in daily practice that the existing technical solutions have the following problems:

[0004] There are many types of mechanical snow removal devices, which have the characteristics of high snow removal efficiency and strong mechanical properties, and have been widely used in recent years. Currently, most mechanical snow removal is to store road snow on the road shoulder or on both sides of the road, which can cause pedestrians or non-motor vehicles to directly enter the main road after snow removal to rush the road, greatly increasing the risk of traffic safety. In addition, some busy sections of the city also have some snow removal, but the entire process requires multiple vehicles such as snow shovels, loaders, and transport vehicles to coordinate operations, which has high equipment purchase and use costs and affects traffic, causing road congestion.

[0005] The Chinese patent with application number 201710781021.5 discloses a snow melting vehicle that can melt accumulated snow, but in the snow melting process, it is easy to cause partial melting of accumulated snow, resulting in a hollow bottom, which causes the accumulated snow to be in a non-contact state with the snow melting pipeline, resulting in poor snow melting effect and low snow melting efficiency, and cannot effectively melt the accumulated snow in time, while wasting a large amount of heat source.

[0006] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a new technical solution to solve the above problems. SUMMARY

[0007] To solve the above technical problems, the present application provides a snow removal vehicle snow melting device and a snow melting system design method, which can scrape and press the accumulated snow to ensure close contact between the accumulated snow and the heating disc, has high snow melting efficiency, good snow melting effect, and effectively improves energy utilization rate.

[0008] A snow removal vehicle snow melting device, comprising:

[0009] A heat preservation control box is fixedly arranged on the snow removal vehicle, and the heat preservation control box comprises a snow inlet arranged at the upper portion of the heat preservation control box.

[0010] The heating device comprises a heating disc and a heat source system for supplying heat to the heating disc; the heating disc is arranged below the snow inlet in the heat preservation control box; the heating disc is a spiral disc structure; the heating disc comprises heating pipes arranged in a spiral in a horizontal plane;

[0011] The snow removing device is arranged above the heating disc; the snow removing device has a gap for accommodating snow between the lowermost part of the snow removing device and the upper surface of the heating disc; the snow removing device comprises a snow removing frame and a group of snow removing blades fixedly connected to the snow removing frame; the rotation center of the snow removing device is located directly above the spiral center of the heating pipes; the snow removing device is configured to rotate in the same direction as the spiral direction of the heating pipes; and

[0012] The snow melting control system is configured to control the supply amount of the heat medium in the heat source system according to the weight of the snow carried on the heating disc.

[0013] Preferably, the snow melting control system comprises a monitoring system, a single-chip microcomputer, an information acquisition unit and an execution unit; the monitoring system internally stores a fuzzy control algorithm; the monitoring system is in communication connection with the single-chip microcomputer; the input end of the single-chip microcomputer is electrically connected to the information acquisition unit, and the output end of the single-chip microcomputer is electrically connected to the execution unit; the information acquisition unit comprises a temperature sensor for monitoring the temperature required for snow melting and a weighing sensor for weighing the snow on the heating disc; the execution unit comprises a relay, a frequency converter, a heating rod electrically connected to the relay and a heat medium pump electrically connected to the frequency converter; the heating rod is arranged in the heat source.

[0014] Preferably, the snow removing frame comprises three snow removing frame rods arranged in the same rotation horizontal plane; the three snow removing frame rods are fixedly connected at the rotation center of the snow removing device; and the three snow removing frame rods are uniformly distributed in the plane where the snow removing frame is located.

[0015] Preferably, one or more groups of snow removing blades are fixedly arranged on each snow removing frame rod; each group of snow removing blades comprises a plurality of snow removing blades fixedly connected to the lower part of the snow removing frame rod; the snow removing blades in the same group of snow removing blades are fixedly connected to the snow removing frame rod at the same inclination angle; and the snow removing blades are arranged at an inclination angle with the upper surface of the heating disc.

[0016] Preferably, the angle between the snow removing blades and the upper surface of the heating disc ranges from 30° to 60°.

[0017] Preferably, the snow guide cone is fixed below the snow inlet and is fixedly connected with the snow removing device, and the breaking plate pieces are fixed to the upper part of the snow removing frame rod, and the breaking plate pieces are divided into one or more groups, and each group of the breaking plate pieces is arranged along the length direction of the snow removing frame rod.

[0018] According to another aspect of the present application, a snow melting control system design method is also provided, which can design the snow melting control system in the snow removing vehicle snow melting device, and comprises the following steps:

[0019] Step S1, setting a fuzzy rule control table for fuzzy control of the snow removing vehicle snow melting device in a fuzzy controller;

[0020] Step S2, calculating the heat required for snow melting according to the designed snow melting capacity;

[0021] Step S3, calculating the heat supply of the heating device;

[0022] Step S4, determining the relationship between the heat supply of the heating device and the heat required for snow melting;

[0023] Step S5, determining the relationship between the input and output of the fuzzy controller according to the relationship between the heat supply of the heating device and the heat required for snow melting;

[0024] In the step S5, the input of the fuzzy controller includes the snow inlet amount per unit time and the difference between the average temperature of the snow water after melting and the initial temperature of the snow inlet; and the output of the fuzzy controller includes the flow of the variable frequency water pump and the heat loss in the heat medium supply pipeline.

[0025] In the step S5, the relationship between the input and output of the fuzzy controller is:

[0026] C2(ρ2S2l+ρ2q)ΔT2=K[C0m1|T0|+Lm1+C1m1T1];

[0027] In the formula, C2 is the specific heat capacity of the heat medium, ρ2 is the density of the heat medium, S2 is the cross-sectional area of the heat source supply pipeline, l is the length of the preset pipeline, q is the flow of the variable frequency water pump, ΔT2 is the temperature difference between the inlet and outlet of the heat medium supply pipeline, C0 is the specific heat capacity of ice, m1 is the snow inlet amount per unit time, T0 is the initial temperature of the snow inlet, L is the heat of ice dissolution, C1 is the specific heat capacity of water, T1 is the average temperature of the snow water after melting, and K is the excess coefficient.

[0028] Preferably, the heat required for snow melting in the step S2 is:

[0029] Q 吸 =C0m1|T0|+Lm1+C1m1T1.

[0030] Where Q 吸 is the heat required to melt the snow, C0 is the specific heat of ice, m1 is the amount of snow entering per unit time, T0 is the initial temperature of the snow, L is the heat of melting of ice, C1 is the specific heat of water, and T1 is the average temperature of the snow water after melting;

[0031] in,

[0032] m1=ρ1S1h;

[0033] Where ρ1 is the density of water, S1 is the surface area of ​​the heating surface of the snow melting device, and h is the height of snow accumulation.

[0034] Preferably, the heat supply of the heating device in step S3 is:

[0035] Q 放 =C2m2ΔT2;

[0036] Where Q 放 is the heat supplied by the heating device, C2 is the specific heat capacity of the heat medium, m2 is the mass of the heat medium, and ΔT2 is the temperature difference between the inlet and outlet of the heat medium supply pipeline;

[0037] in,

[0038] m2=ρ2S2l+ρ2q;

[0039] Where ρ2 is the density of the heat medium, S2 is the cross-sectional area of ​​the heat source supply pipeline, l is the length of the preset pipeline, and g is the flow rate of the variable frequency water pump;

[0040] in,

[0041] ΔT2=T2-T3;

[0042] Where T2 is the inlet temperature of the heat medium supply pipeline, and T3 is the outlet temperature of the heat medium supply pipeline.

[0043] Preferably, when determining the amount of snow entering per unit time, the following steps are included:

[0044] Setting up a load cell capable of weighing the heating plate and the snow on the heating plate;

[0045] Determine the supporting force of the heating plate on the snow according to the output value of the weighing sensor;

[0046] Calculate the weight of snow on the heating plate based on the supporting force of the heating plate on the snow;

[0047] Among them, the weight of snow on the heating plate is:

[0048]

[0049] In the formula, m1 is the snow input quantity per unit time, N is the output value of the weighing sensor, G p is the gravity of the heating disc and the internal heat medium, theta is the angle between the scraper blade and the upper plane of the heating disc, and g is the acceleration of gravity.

[0050] Compared with the prior art, the present application has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0051] 1. The present application can improve the snow melting effect, so that the accumulated snow can be treated on site without external transportation, realizing online treatment of accumulated snow.

[0052] 2. The present application has a snow scraping device that can scrape and press the accumulated snow, effectively ensuring the adhesion of the accumulated snow to the heating disc and improving the snow melting efficiency.

[0053] 3. The present application adopts a spiral pipe structure for the heating disc, which can scrape off branches, stones and other impurities in the snow, avoiding the influence of impurities on snow melting and further improving the snow melting effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0054] Some specific embodiments of the present application will be described in detail hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings, which are exemplary and non-limiting. The same reference numerals in the drawings indicate the same or similar components or parts. Those skilled in the art should understand that these drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale. In the drawings:

[0055] Figure 1 is a structural schematic view of the snow melting device of the snow removal vehicle of the present application;

[0056] Figure 2 is a structural schematic view of the snow scraping device and the heating disc of the present application;

[0057] Figure 3 is a structural schematic view of the snow scraping device of the present application;

[0058] Figure 4 is a structural schematic view of the snow scraping device of the present application;

[0059] Figure 5 is a connection schematic view of the snow melting control system of the present application;

[0060] Figure 6 is a flow schematic view of the snow melting system design method of the present application.

[0061] Among the above drawings, the following reference numerals are included:

[0062] 1. Snow removal vehicle, 2. Insulation control box, 3. Snow inlet, 4. Support frame, 5. Heating plate, 6. Heat source, 7. Heat medium pump, 8. Weighing sensor, 9. Snow scraper, 10. Snow guide cone, 11. Drive device, 12. Stirring shaft, 13. Stirring paddle, 14. Discharge valve, 15. Snow guard, 16. Snow guide trough, 17. Snow holding chamber, 91. Snow scraper frame rod, 92. Scraper blade group, 93. Crushing plate group, 100. Information acquisition unit, 200. Single chip microcomputer, 300. Execution unit, 400. Monitoring system. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0063] To make the purpose, technical solutions, and advantages of this application more clear, the technical solutions of this application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the specific embodiments of this application and the corresponding drawings. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of this application, not all of them. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0064] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, a snowmelting device for a snowplow includes an insulated control box 2, a heating device, a snow scraper 9, and a snowmelt control system. The insulated control box 2 is fixed to the snowplow 1 and comprises a housing and a snow inlet 3 located on its upper portion. The heating device includes a heating plate 5 and a heat source system that provides heat to the heating plate 5. The heat source system includes a heat source 6, a heat medium pump 7, and heat medium supply pipelines connecting the entire heat source system. A support frame 4 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the insulated control box by welding or bolting. A screen is fixed to the upper or lower surface of the support frame 4. Due to the high viscosity of snow and the fact that it must be collected and transported before entering the snow inlet 3, this compresses the snow and causes it to clump. Therefore, snow that falls into the insulated control box 2 often clumps together, making it difficult for it to directly pass through the screen on the upper or lower surface of the support frame 4 and fall into the insulated control box 2 below. Only when the snow melts into water can it pass through the screen and fall out. The heating plate 5 is fixed in the heat preservation control box 2 through the support frame 4. The heating plate 5 is arranged below the snow inlet 3 in the heat preservation control box 2. It is a spiral disc structure and is composed of a heating tube arranged in a spiral in a horizontal plane. The heating tube is a forward or reverse spiral structure arranged in a plane.

[0065] A snow scraper 9 is positioned above the heating plate 5, with a gap between the bottom of the snow scraper 9 and the upper surface of the heating plate 5 to accommodate accumulated snow. The snow scraper 9 includes a snow scraper frame and a scraper blade assembly 92 fixedly connected to the snow scraper frame. The center of rotation of the snow scraper 9 is located directly above the spiral center of the heating tube. The snow scraper 9 is configured to rotate in the same direction as the spiral direction of the heating tube. The snow melting control system is configured to control the supply of heat medium in the heat source system based on the weight of snow accumulated on the heating plate 5.

[0066] The snow-removing frame comprises three snow-removing frame rods 91 arranged in the same rotating horizontal plane. The three snow-removing frame rods 91 are fixedly connected at the rotating center of the snow-removing device 9. The three snow-removing frame rods 91 are evenly distributed in the plane where the snow-removing frame is located.

[0067] The stirring shaft 12 is rotatably connected with the support frame 4, and the upper end thereof is fixed with the support frame. Preferably, the stirring shaft 12 is connected with the support frame 4 through a bearing and a bearing seat, so as to realize the rotation thereof. The driving device 11 is fixedly connected with the support frame 4, and is used for driving the stirring shaft 12 to rotate. The driving device 11 is in transmission connection with the stirring shaft 12. Preferably, the driving device 11 is a driving motor, and the driving device 11 is in transmission connection with the stirring shaft 12 through a gear set.

[0068] The scraper blade group 92 comprises a plurality of scraper blades 92 fixedly connected with the lower part of the snow-removing frame rod 91. The scraper blades 92 are arranged at a certain inclination angle with the upper plane of the heating disc 5; the scraper blades 92 on the same snow-removing frame rod 91 are parallel to each other.

[0069] One or more scraper blade groups 92 are fixedly arranged on each snow-removing frame rod 91. The scraper blade group 92 comprises a plurality of scraper blades fixedly connected with the lower part of the snow-removing frame rod 91. The scraper blades in the same scraper blade group 92 are fixedly connected with the snow-removing frame rod 91 at the same inclination angle. Meanwhile, the scraper blades are arranged at a certain inclination angle with the upper plane of the heating disc 5. Preferably, the included angle between the scraper blades 92 and the upper plane of the heating disc 5 ranges from 30° to 60°. Preferably, two scraper blade groups 92 are fixedly arranged on each snow-removing frame rod 91.

[0070] As an embodiment of the present application, the snow-melting device of the snow plough further comprises a snow guide groove 16 arranged above the heating disc 5. The snow guide groove 16 is a circular table structure with a snow storage cavity 17 inside, and the upper and lower openings thereof are communicated with the snow storage cavity 17, forming a channel for the snow to pass through. The lower opening of the snow guide groove 16 is adapted to the snow removing device 9, so that the snow removing device 9 is covered in the snow guide groove 16. The upper opening of the snow guide groove 16 is communicated with the snow inlet 3, so that the snow can enter from the snow inlet 3 and pass through the snow guide groove 16, and then be discharged from the lower opening to the upper surface of the heating disc 5. The snow guide groove 16 can guide the snow flow, so that the snow can enter the upper surface of the heating disc 5 and not overflow directly into the heat preservation control box 2 below the support frame 4, thereby enabling all the snow entering from the snow inlet 3 to enter the upper surface of the heating disc 5. Then, the weighing sensor 8 can monitor the weight of the heating disc 5 and the snow on the heating disc 5. At the same time, in order to ensure the accuracy of the weight of the snow on the weighing sensor 8, the amount of snow collected and transported externally can be controlled to avoid a large amount of snow accumulation. In the case of a large amount of snow, the snow can be collected and transported intermittently, so that the snow melting speed and the snow entering speed are adapted to each other, so as to ensure the accuracy of the weight of the snow on the weighing sensor 8. The snow storage cavity 17 is a circular table type cavity, and the inner wall of the snow guide groove 16 is arranged at a certain inclination angle with the vertical direction, which effectively prevents the blockage caused by the adhesion of the snow. In addition, the snow guide groove 16 is provided with a snow blocking member 15 on the inner wall, which prevents the snow from rolling in the snow storage cavity 17 in the form of a snowball.

[0071] As an embodiment of the present application, the snow-melting device of the snow plough further comprises a snow guide cone 10 and a plurality of breaking plate pieces 93 for breaking the snow. The snow guide cone 10 is fixedly arranged below the snow inlet 3 and fixedly connected with the snow removing device 9. The snow guide cone 10 can guide the snow entering from the snow inlet 3 by virtue of its conical structure, so as to prevent the snow from accumulating at the center of the snow removing device 9. The breaking plate pieces 93 are fixedly arranged on the upper part of the snow removing frame rod 91, and the breaking plate pieces 93 arranged on each snow removing frame rod 91 are divided into one or more groups. Each group of breaking plate pieces 93 is arranged along the length direction of the snow removing frame rod 91. Preferably, one group of breaking plate pieces 93 is arranged on each snow removing frame rod 91.

[0072] As an embodiment of the present application, the snow-melting device of the snow plough further comprises a stirring paddle 13 fixedly arranged at the bottom end of the stirring shaft 12, which is used for stirring the snow-melting water in the heat preservation control box 2 to prevent it from freezing.

[0073] As an embodiment of the present application, the snow-melting device of the snow plough further comprises a discharge valve 14 arranged at the bottom of the heat preservation control box 2. The discharge valve 14 is in a normally closed state, and when the snow-melting water, sludge, stones and branches and the like in the heat preservation control box 2 need to be discharged, the discharge valve 14 is opened to discharge them out of the heat preservation control box 2.

[0074] As shown in Figure 5 and with reference toFigure 1 The snow melting control system comprises a monitoring system 400, a single-chip microcomputer 200, an information acquisition unit 100 and an execution unit 300. The monitoring system 400 internally stores a fuzzy control algorithm, and is in communication connection with the single-chip microcomputer 200. The input end of the single-chip microcomputer 200 is electrically connected with the information acquisition unit 100, and the output end is electrically connected with the execution unit 300. The information acquisition unit 100 comprises a temperature sensor for monitoring the temperature required for snow melting and a weighing sensor 8 for weighing the gravity of the accumulated snow on the heating disc 5. The weighing sensor 8 adopts a multi-point layout. When the weighing sensor 8 is arranged at points, 10-50 points are arranged according to the actual situation of the heat preservation control box 2, so that even when the snow on the heating disc 5 is extremely unevenly distributed, the design can still minimize the difference between the actual gravity of the accumulated snow in the snow melting device and the monitoring value of the gravity sensor 8, and realize accurate input of the weight parameter of the accumulated snow. The execution unit 300 comprises a relay, a frequency converter, a heating rod electrically connected with the relay and a heat medium pump 7 electrically connected with the frequency converter. The heating rod is arranged in the heat source 6 and is used for heating the heat medium.

[0075] In order to improve the heating efficiency of the heating disc 5, the accumulated snow can be uniformly distributed on the heating disc 5 by using the snow removing device 9, and the snow removing device 9 is designed as a linear type, and the snow can be uniformly distributed on the heating disc 5 by reciprocating movement. However, since the accumulated snow is easy to gather into blocks, if the linear snow removing device 9 is too close to the heating disc 5 during reciprocating snow removing, the accumulated snow will be taken away by the linear snow removing device 9, and the snow melting purpose cannot be achieved. If the distance is too far, the snow removing device 9 will be empty. At the same time, the accumulated snow will shrink after being heated, which will cause the accumulated snow to separate from the heating disc 5, resulting in low snow melting efficiency.

[0076] In order to improve the snow melting efficiency, the snow removing device 9 needs to have a certain extrusion function, which is beneficial to the full contact of the accumulated snow and the heating disc 5. Therefore, the snow removing device 9 is provided with a certain angle of a one-word type blade, which produces downward extrusion to the accumulated snow during reciprocating snow removing, and provides the snow melting efficiency to a great extent. However, the blade cannot break the large snow blocks, and can only move them to one side of the device. In addition, the stone blocks and branches cannot be separated, so that the stone blocks are in close contact with the heating disc 5 under the extrusion of the blade, which causes damage to the heating disc 5. In order to solve the above problems, the original heating disc 5 is added with wolf tooth-shaped steel teeth having the function of breaking the accumulated snow on the upper surface, and the bottom of the blade is replaced with a rubber plate, so that the contact between the blade and the heating disc 5 becomes soft contact, which effectively protects the heating disc 5 from being damaged by the stone blocks. This improvement significantly improves the snow melting efficiency. However, due to the long time of reciprocating movement of the blade, the snow removing efficiency is low, which is not suitable for continuous large snow operation. The rubber plate will be deformed under the condition of being heated, and the stone blocks and other impurities mixed in the accumulated snow are not scraped to the edge of the device, which has certain hidden dangers. Therefore, the movement mode of the blade is changed to circular motion.

[0077] If the heating disc 5 is made into a square shape by using the heating pipe, too many dead angles will cause too large resistance of the internal heat medium flow, and the circular motion of the snow removing device 9 also has the problem that some areas cannot be scraped. Therefore, the heating disc 5 is designed as a ring structure. At the same time, the distance between the adjacent pipes of the heating disc 5 is 0.5-3 cm. Too large distance will cause the accumulated snow to leak to the bottom of the heat preservation control box 2 without melting, which cannot achieve the purpose of snow melting. Too small distance will also cause the heat utilization rate to be reduced. The heat medium in the heating disc 5 adopts steam which needs high pressure, and has certain safety hazards. Therefore, hot water is selected instead. However, the temperature of the hot water can only reach 100℃, and the snow melting efficiency is relatively slow. After optimization, the heat conducting oil with good heat transfer efficiency, fast heat dissipation, and good thermal stability is selected as the heat medium, which can obtain high operating temperature under almost constant pressure, greatly reduces the operating pressure and safety requirements of the high temperature heating system, improves the reliability of the system and equipment, and can freely adjust the temperature range.

[0078] In addition, the snowplow frame is arranged as three snowplow frame rods 91 arranged on the same rotation horizontal plane, and a group or multiple groups of snowplow blade groups 92 are arranged below the snowplow frame rods 91. Adjacent snowplow frame rods 91 have a certain angle and are arranged in a “person” shape. If the number of snowplow frame rods 91 is too large, the snow will directly fall on the snowplow blade groups 92 and be difficult to fall on the heating disc 5, and if the number of snowplow frame rods 91 is too small, the snowplowing efficiency will be low. The snowplow blades in the same snowplow blade group 92 are fixedly connected to the snowplow frame rod 91 at the same inclination angle, and the snowplow blades are arranged at a certain inclination angle with the upper plane of the heating disc 5, and the snowplowing device 9 is arranged to rotate in the same direction as the spiral direction of the heating pipe. This structure can push the stones, branches and other sundries to the edge of the heating disc 5 during the movement of the snowplow blades.

[0079] As shown in Figure 6 The present application also includes a snow melting control system design method, which can design a snow melting control system in the snow melting device of the snowplow, including the following steps:

[0080] Step S1, set the fuzzy rule control table for fuzzy control of the snowplow snow melting device in the fuzzy controller.

[0081] Set the input variable and output variable word set of the fuzzy controller in the monitoring system:

[0082] The input value difference Δt of the temperature sensor a and the temperature sensor b is set as ES, S, RS, M, RB, B, EB; the input value mg of the pressure weighing sensor after secondary calculation is set as EL, L, RL, M, RH, H, EH, the output quantity of the frequency converter is set as ELS, LS, RLS, MS, RHS, HS, EHS; and the output quantity of the relay for controlling different semiconductor heating pipes to output different heating powers in different matching modes is set as G1, G2, G3, G4, G5, G6, G7. According to the set input variable and output variable word set, the fuzzy rule control table is set according to the expert experience, and the fuzzy rule control is shown in the following table.

[0083] Fuzzy rule control table

[0084]

[0085]

[0086] Step S2, calculate the heat required for snow melting according to the designed snow melting capacity.

[0087] The heat required for snow melting is:

[0088] Q 吸 =C0m1|T0|+Lm1+C1m1T1;

[0089] wherein Q 吸 is the heat required for snow melting, C0 is the specific heat capacity of ice, m1 is the snow amount per unit time, T0 is the initial temperature of the snow, L is the heat of fusion of ice, C1 is the specific heat capacity of water, and T1 is the average temperature of the snow water after melting.

[0090] wherein,

[0091] m1 = ρ1S1h;

[0092] wherein ρ1 is the density of water, S1 is the surface area of the heating surface of the snow melting device, and h is the accumulation height of the snow.

[0093] Step S3, calculating the heat supply amount of the heating device.

[0094] wherein the heat supply amount of the heating device is:

[0095] Q 放 = C2m2ΔT2;

[0096] wherein Q 放 is the heat supply amount of the heating device, C2 is the specific heat capacity of the heat medium, m2 is the mass of the heat medium, and ΔT2 is the temperature difference between the inlet and outlet of the heat medium supply pipeline;

[0097] wherein,

[0098] m2 = ρ2S2l + ρ2q;

[0099] wherein ρ2 is the density of the heat medium, S2 is the cross-sectional area of the heat source supply pipeline, l is the length of the preset pipeline, and q is the flow rate of the variable frequency water pump;

[0100] wherein,

[0101] ΔT2 = T2 - T3;

[0102] wherein T2 is the inlet temperature of the heat medium supply pipeline, and T3 is the outlet temperature of the heat medium supply pipeline.

[0103] Step S4, determining the relationship between the heat supply amount of the heating device and the heat required for snow melting.

[0104] According to the principle of energy conservation, the relationship between the heat supply amount of the heating device and the heat required for snow melting can be determined as:

[0105] Q 放 = Q 吸 ;

[0106] However, since part of the heat provided by the heating device is lost, when calculating,

[0107] Q 放 = KQ吸 ;

[0108] wherein K is a residual coefficient, and L∈(1.2, 3).

[0109] In step S5, the relationship between the input and output of the fuzzy controller is determined according to the relationship between the heat supplied by the heating device and the heat required for melting the snow.

[0110] In step S5, the input of the fuzzy controller includes the snow amount per unit time and the difference between the average temperature of the snow water after melting and the initial temperature of the snow, and the output of the fuzzy controller includes the flow of the variable frequency water pump and the heat dissipated in the heat medium supply pipeline, and the relationship between the input and output of the fuzzy controller is:

[0111] C2(ρ2S2l+ρ2q)ΔT2=K[C0m1|T0|+Lm1+C1m1T1];

[0112] wherein C2 is the specific heat capacity of the heat medium, ρ2 is the density of the heat medium, S2 is the cross-sectional area of the heat source supply pipeline, l is the length of the preset pipeline, q is the flow of the variable frequency water pump, ΔT2 is the temperature difference between the inlet and outlet of the heat medium supply pipeline, C0 is the specific heat capacity of ice, m1 is the snow amount per unit time, T0 is the initial temperature of the snow, L is the heat of fusion of ice, C1 is the specific heat capacity of water, T1 is the average temperature of the snow water after melting, and K is a residual coefficient.

[0113] The relationship between the input and output of the fuzzy controller provides a theoretical basis for the design of the snow melting amount and heat supply intelligent control system, and the maximum flow of the variable frequency water pump for supplying the heat medium and the maximum temperature difference between the inlet and outlet of the heat medium supply pipeline can be obtained according to the equation.

[0114] From the perspective of energy saving and the data obtained in the actual application process, it is found that the value of T1 is more appropriate below 10℃, and the single snow amount is appropriate to be less than the height of the snowplow, so when the snow thickness is level with the snowplow and the temperature of the snow water after melting is 10℃, the heat required for melting the snow reaches the maximum value, and the heat provided by the left side of the equation also reaches the maximum value. Since the specific heat capacity of the heat medium, the density of the heat medium, the cross-sectional area of the heat source supply pipeline, and the length of the preset pipeline are all constants, when the flow of the variable frequency water pump is 0, i.e., the water pump does not supply the heat medium to the device, only the existing heat medium in the supply pipeline provides the heat, and at this time, the heat dissipated in the heat medium supply pipeline reaches the maximum value. When the heat dissipated in the heat medium supply pipeline is minimum, i.e., tends to 0, the flow of the variable frequency water pump for supplying the heat medium reaches the maximum value, which tends to positive infinity. However, due to the influence of factors such as the type of heat medium supply pipeline material, pipeline diameter, pipeline wall thickness, and pipeline inner wall roughness, the bearing capacity of the heat medium supply pipeline has an upper limit, so the maximum flow of the variable frequency water pump should be:

[0115] qmax = η x q max2 ;

[0116] wherein η is a safety factor, η ∈ (0.5, 1), q max2 is the maximum bearing flow of the heat medium supply pipe.

[0117] The heat medium thermostat preheats the heat medium to a set temperature through the flange heating pipe so as to cooperate with the semiconductor heating pipe to make the heat medium reach the temperature required to meet the current snow melting efficiency, and automatically keep constant temperature through the fuzzy-PID algorithm.

[0118] In addition, in determining the snow amount per unit time, the following steps are included:

[0119] Step Sa1, setting a weighing sensor capable of weighing the heating disc and the snow on the heating disc.

[0120] Step Sa2, determining the support force of the heating disc on the snow according to the output value of the weighing sensor.

[0121] Step Sa3, calculating the weight of the snow on the heating disc according to the support force of the heating disc on the snow.

[0122] wherein the weight of the snow on the heating disc is:

[0123]

[0124] wherein m1 is the snow amount per unit time, N is the output value of the weighing sensor, G p is the gravity of the heating disc and the heat medium inside it, θ is the included angle between the scraper blade and the upper surface of the heating disc, and g is the acceleration of gravity.

[0125] For the convenience of description, spatial relative terms such as "above", "upper", "upper surface", "upper", etc. can be used here to describe the spatial positional relationship of one device or feature with other devices or features as shown in the drawings. It should be understood that the spatial relative terms are intended to include different orientations in use or operation in addition to the orientation of the device described in the drawings. For example, if the device in the drawing is inverted, the device described as "above" or "above" other devices or structures will be positioned "below" or "below" other devices or structures. Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below". The device can also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatial relative description used here is interpreted accordingly.

[0126] It is to be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting, as the scope of the exemplary embodiments of this application is limited only by the appended claims. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. Also, unless otherwise indicated herein, the materials described herein can be used in a variety of applications.

[0127] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", and the like, as used in the description and the claims herein are intended to modify a particular disclosed embodiment unless otherwise indicated, but do not imply that the architecture having such designation must be the first or second among its field or order of importance. It is also to be understood that the use of the terms "first", "second", etc., was merely used to parameterize similar objects to distinguish one from another without necessarily causing or implying any actual such limitation in the application.

[0128] The preferred embodiments of the application are described above in detail. The application, however, is not limited to the specific embodiments described herein, but only by the claims. Numerous variations and modifications from the descriptions and figures are possible in light of these teachings and can be adapted to various applications. Therefore, the scope of the application is to be construed broadly based on the recitations in the claims.

Claims

1. A snow-melting device for a snow plough, characterized in that It comprises: a heat preservation control box, which is fixed on the snow plow; the heat preservation control box comprises a snow inlet arranged on the upper part thereof; a heating device, which comprises a heating disc and a heat source system for supplying heat to the heating disc; the heating disc is arranged below the snow inlet in the heat preservation control box; the heating disc is in a spiral disc structure; the heating disc comprises heating pipes arranged in a spiral in a horizontal plane; a snow removing device, which is arranged above the heating disc; the snow removing device has a gap for accommodating snow between the lowermost part of the snow removing device and the upper surface of the heating disc; the snow removing device comprises a snow removing frame and a group of snow removing blades fixedly connected with the snow removing frame; the rotation center of the snow removing device is located directly above the spiral center of the heating pipes; the snow removing device is configured to rotate in the same direction as the spiral direction of the heating pipes; and a snow melting control system, which is configured to control the supply amount of heat medium in the heat source system according to the weight of the snow carried on the heating disc.

2. The snow-melting device of claim 1, wherein The snow melting control system comprises a monitoring system, a single-chip microcomputer, an information acquisition unit and an execution unit; the monitoring system internally stores a fuzzy control algorithm; the monitoring system is in communication connection with the single-chip microcomputer; the input end of the single-chip microcomputer is electrically connected with the information acquisition unit, and the output end of the single-chip microcomputer is electrically connected with the execution unit; the information acquisition unit comprises a temperature sensor for monitoring the temperature required for snow melting and a weighing sensor for weighing the weight of the snow on the heating disc; the execution unit comprises a relay, a frequency converter, a heating rod electrically connected with the relay and a heat medium pump electrically connected with the frequency converter; the heating rod is arranged in the heat source system.

3. Snow-melting device for a snow plough according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that The snow removing frame comprises three snow removing frame rods arranged on the same rotation horizontal plane; the three snow removing frame rods are fixedly connected at the rotation center of the snow removing device; the three snow removing frame rods are uniformly distributed in the plane where the snow removing frame is located.

4. The snow-melting device of claim 3, wherein One or more groups of the snow removing blades are fixedly arranged on each of the snow removing frame rods; each group of the snow removing blades comprises a plurality of snow removing blades fixedly connected with the snow removing frame rod at the lower part of the snow removing frame rod; the snow removing blades in the same group of the snow removing blades are fixedly connected with the snow removing frame rod at the same inclination angle; the snow removing blades are arranged at a certain inclination angle with the upper surface of the heating disc.

5. The snow-melting device of claim 4, wherein The angle between the snow removing blades and the upper surface of the heating disc ranges from 30° to 60°.

6. The snow-melting device of claim 4, wherein It also comprises a snow guide cone and a plurality of breaking blades for breaking the snow; the snow guide cone is fixedly arranged below the snow inlet and is fixedly connected with the snow removing device; the breaking blades are fixedly arranged on the upper part of the snow removing frame rod; the breaking blades are divided into one or more groups; each group of the breaking blades is arranged along the length direction of the snow removing frame rod.

7. A snow melting control system design method, characterized in that: The snow melting control system in the snow melting device of the snow plow according to any one of claims 1-6 can be designed, comprising the following steps: Step S1, setting a fuzzy rule control table for fuzzy control of the snow melting device of the snow plow in a fuzzy controller; Step S2, calculating the heat required for snow melting according to the designed snow melting capacity; Step S3, calculating the heat supply amount of the heating device; Step S4, determining the relationship between the heat supply of the heating device and the heat required for the snow melting; Step S5, determining the relationship between the input and output of the fuzzy controller according to the relationship between the heat supply of the heating device and the heat required for the snow melting; The input of the fuzzy controller in step S5 includes the snow input per unit time and the difference between the average temperature of the snow water after melting and the initial temperature of the snow input; the output of the fuzzy controller includes the flow of the variable frequency water pump and the heat dissipation in the heat medium supply pipeline; The relationship between the input and output of the fuzzy controller in step S5 is: ； wherein, Cp is the specific heat capacity of the heat medium, ρ is the density of the heat medium, A is the cross-sectional area of the heat source supply line, L is the length of the preset line, Q is the flow rate of the variable frequency water pump, ΔT is the temperature difference between the inlet and outlet of the heat medium supply line, Cp is the specific heat capacity of ice, S is the snowfall per unit time, T0 is the initial temperature of the snowfall, L is the heat of fusion of ice, Cp is the specific heat capacity of water, T is the average temperature of the snow water after melting, and K is a remainder coefficient.

8. The method of designing a snow-melt control system of claim 7, wherein, The heat required for the snow melting in step S2 is: ； wherein Q is the heat required for snow melting, Ciceis the specific heat capacity of ice, is the amount of snowfall per unit time, T0is the initial temperature of the snowfall, Qfus the heat of fusion of ice, Cwateris the specific heat capacity of water, Tmeltis the average temperature of the snow water after melting. The heat supply of the heating device in step S3 is: ； wherein is the density of water, is the surface area of the heating surface of the snow-melting device, is the height of the snow accumulation.

9. The method of designing a snow-melt control system of claim 8, wherein, The relationship between the input and output of the fuzzy controller in step S5 is: ； wherein is the heat supplied to the heating device, is the specific heat capacity of the heat medium, is the mass of the heat medium, is the temperature difference between the inlet and the outlet of the heat medium supply line; The relationship between the input and output of the fuzzy controller in step S5 is: ； In the formula, the density of the heat medium, the cross-sectional area of the heat source supply line, the length of the preset line, the flow rate of the variable frequency water pump; In determining the snow input per unit time, it includes: ； In the formula, Tin is the inlet temperature of the heat medium supply line, Tout is the outlet temperature of the heat medium supply line.

10. The method of designing a snow-melt control system of claim 8, wherein, A weighing sensor is set up to weigh the heating disc and the snow on the heating disc; The supporting force of the heating disc on the snow is determined according to the output value of the weighing sensor; The weight of the snow on the heating disc is calculated according to the supporting force of the heating disc on the snow; The weight of the snow on the heating disc is: ​ ； wherein is the output value of the load cell, is the weight of the heating plate and its internal thermal medium, is the angle between the blade and the plane of the heating plate, is the acceleration of gravity.

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