Shield tunneling machine cutterhead washing device and shield tunneling machine
By designing a structure of rotating shaft, sleeve and fluid pump in the shield machine cutterhead flushing device, efficient fluid flushing of multiple locations on the cutterhead is achieved, solving the problem of poor flushing effect of existing devices, ensuring strong force and saving fluid flow.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- CHINA RAILWAY CONSTR HEAVY IND
- Filing Date
- 2023-06-19
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-02
AI Technical Summary
Existing shield machine cutterhead flushing devices can only flush one or more locations on the cutterhead with fluid, and the flushing effect is not good, especially with the reduced fluid flushing force under the single pump multi-channel method.
Design a shield machine cutterhead flushing device, including a rotating shaft, a sleeve and a fluid pump. The rotating shaft is provided with multiple first flow channels and first guide grooves extending along the axial direction. The sleeve is provided with a second flow channel. The fluid pump is connected to the first flow channel and the guide groove through the second flow channel. When the rotating shaft rotates, the flow channel connected to the guide groove is different at different angles, so as to realize fluid flushing at multiple positions of the cutterhead.
It achieves efficient fluid flushing at multiple locations on the cutter head, ensuring strong flushing force and good flushing effect, while saving fluid flow.
Smart Images
Figure CN116658185B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of tunnel boring machines (TBMs), and more particularly to a TBM cutterhead flushing device and a TBM. Background Technology
[0002] Earth pressure balance tunnel boring machines (EPBs) are widely used in tunnel projects such as urban subways, intercity railways, and highways due to their excellent performance and construction advantages. Existing EPBs typically have a flushing device installed behind the cutterhead. This flushing device can spray specific fluids, such as clay modifiers, into the cutterhead and the space in front of the cutterhead face. On the one hand, it can modify the clay to make it easier to excavate, and on the other hand, it uses fluid to flush the cutterhead to prevent mud cakes from forming in the center of the cutterhead, which would affect the efficiency of the operation.
[0003] Current flushing devices mainly adopt a single-pump single-channel or single-pump multi-channel approach. Specifically, a single-pump single-channel approach involves a fluid pump injecting fluid through a fluid channel, which is connected to a certain position on the front cutter head, so that the cutter head at that position can be flushed by the fluid in the fluid channel.
[0004] However, this method can only flush one part of the cutter head; the single pump multi-channel method also uses a single fluid pump to supply liquid, but there are multiple fluid channels. Although it can flush multiple parts of the cutter head, the flushing force is weakened because the fluid is divided by multiple fluid channels, and the flushing effect is often poor. Summary of the Invention
[0005] To address at least one of the problems mentioned in the background art, the present invention provides a shield tunneling machine cutterhead flushing device and a shield tunneling machine, which can perform fluid flushing on multiple locations of the cutterhead, and the flushing effect is strong and effective.
[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:
[0007] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a shield machine cutterhead flushing device, including a rotating shaft, a sleeve, a bearing and a fluid pump. One end of the rotating shaft along its own axial direction is fixedly connected to the cutterhead. The inner ring of the bearing is mounted on the rotating shaft. The inner wall of the sleeve is mounted on the outer ring of the bearing. The outer wall of the sleeve is fixedly connected to the shield body of the shield machine.
[0008] The rotating shaft includes multiple first flow channels extending along the axial direction and multiple first flow grooves, and the multiple first flow channels are evenly distributed along the circumference of the rotating shaft, with the first flow channels extending along the axial direction to the end of the rotating shaft near the cutter head.
[0009] The first end of the first guide groove is connected to the first flow channel, the second end of the first guide groove extends to the outer wall of the rotating shaft, and the positions of the first guide grooves corresponding to different first flow channels are corresponding along the axial direction;
[0010] The sleeve includes a second flow channel, a first end of which extends to the inner wall of the sleeve and a second end of which extends to the outer wall of the sleeve. The second flow channel and the first guide groove are axially aligned to connect the second flow channel and a portion of the first flow channels during the rotation of the shaft.
[0011] The inlet of the fluid pump is connected to the first end of the second flow channel to inject fluid into the second flow channel.
[0012] As an optional implementation, each first flow channel is connected to multiple first guide grooves, and the multiple first guide grooves corresponding to the same first flow channel are spaced apart along the axial direction. There are multiple second flow channels, and the positions of the multiple second flow channels along the axial direction correspond one-to-one with the positions of the first guide grooves along the axial direction.
[0013] As an optional implementation, the circumferential distance between two adjacent first guide grooves is smaller than the circumferential dimension of the second end of the second flow channel, so that one second flow channel and at least two first guide grooves are connected during the rotation of the shaft.
[0014] As an optional implementation, the second flow channel includes a flow channel body and a second flow guide groove. The second flow guide groove is located at the second end of the first flow channel. One end of the second flow guide groove is connected to the flow channel body, and the other end of the second flow guide groove extends to the inner wall of the sleeve. The circumferential distance between two adjacent first flow guide grooves is smaller than the circumferential dimension of the second flow guide groove.
[0015] As an optional implementation, the circumferential dimension of the first guide channel is larger than the circumferential dimension of the first flow channel, and the circumferential dimension of the second guide channel is smaller than the circumferential dimension of the first guide channel.
[0016] As an optional implementation, multiple second flow channels are spaced apart along the axial direction, and each second flow channel is in the same circumferential position on the sleeve.
[0017] As an optional implementation, multiple second flow channels form two flow channel groups, each flow channel group including multiple second flow channels. The second flow channels in each flow channel group are spaced apart along the axial direction, and the second flow channels in each flow channel group are in the same circumferential position on the sleeve. The two flow channel groups are centrally symmetrical about the axis of rotation.
[0018] As an optional implementation, a seal is also included, disposed between the sleeve and the rotating shaft, to seal the area between the first flow channel and the second flow channel.
[0019] As an optional implementation, a clamping element is also included. The clamping element is disposed at one end of the sleeve along the axial direction, and is fixedly connected to the sleeve. The clamping element abuts against the outer ring of the bearing along the axial direction.
[0020] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a tunnel boring machine, including any one of the tunnel boring machine cutterhead flushing devices in the first aspect.
[0021] The shield tunneling machine cutterhead flushing device provided by this invention includes a rotating shaft, a sleeve, a bearing, and a fluid pump. One end of the rotating shaft along its own axial direction is fixedly connected to the cutterhead. The inner ring of the bearing is mounted on the rotating shaft, and the inner wall of the sleeve is mounted on the outer ring of the bearing. The outer wall of the sleeve is fixedly connected to the shield body of the shield tunneling machine. The rotating shaft includes multiple first flow channels extending axially and multiple first guide grooves. The multiple first flow channels are evenly distributed along the circumference of the rotating shaft, and the first flow channels extend axially to the end of the rotating shaft near the cutterhead. The first end of the first guide groove is connected to the first flow channel. The first guide channel is connected, with its second end extending to the outer wall of the rotating shaft, and the first guide channels corresponding to different first flow channels are positioned axially. The sleeve includes a second flow channel, with its first end extending to the inner wall of the sleeve and its second end extending to the outer wall of the sleeve. The second flow channel and the first guide channel are positioned axially to connect the second flow channel and a portion of the first flow channels during the rotation of the rotating shaft. The input end of the fluid pump is connected to the first end of the second flow channel to inject fluid into the second flow channel. In the shield machine cutterhead flushing device provided by this invention, the rotating shaft rotates together with the cutterhead in front. When the rotating shaft rotates to a certain angle, the second flow channel can be radially connected with the first guide groove. Fluid can enter the first guide groove from the second flow channel and then enter the first flow channel, and flow out from the end of the first flow channel near the cutterhead to flush specific positions of the cutterhead. Since multiple first flow channels are opened on the rotating shaft, the first flow channels connected to the second flow channel will be different as the angle of rotation of the rotating shaft is different. Thus, different positions of the cutterhead are flushed through different first flow channels. This allows a fluid pump to intermittently supply fluid to one first flow channel, ensuring that the fluid pressure in each first flow channel can be maintained at a high level. In summary, the shield machine cutterhead flushing device provided by this invention can not only flush multiple positions of the cutterhead with fluid, but also ensure strong flushing force and good flushing effect, while saving the fluid flow required for flushing. Attached Figure Description
[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0023] Figure 1 This is an axial sectional view of a shield tunneling machine cutterhead flushing device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
[0024] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Cross-sectional view at point AA;
[0025] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the rotating shaft in the shield tunneling machine's cutterhead flushing device after it has rotated a certain angle;
[0026] Figure 4 A radial cross-sectional view of another shield machine cutterhead flushing device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
[0027] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the rotating shaft in the shield tunneling machine's cutterhead flushing device after it has rotated a certain angle.
[0028] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:
[0029] 100 - Cutterhead flushing device;
[0030] 110-Shaft;
[0031] 111 - First flow channel;
[0032] 112 - First guide channel;
[0033] 120-sleeve;
[0034] 121 - Second flow channel;
[0035] 1211 - Flow channel body;
[0036] 1212 - Second guide channel;
[0037] 130-Bearing;
[0038] 140 - Seal;
[0039] 150 - Clamping component. Detailed Implementation
[0040] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0041] In this application, the terms “upper,” “lower,” “left,” “right,” “front,” “back,” “top,” “bottom,” “inner,” “outer,” “vertical,” “horizontal,” “lateral,” and “longitudinal” indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. These terms are primarily for the purpose of better describing the invention and its embodiments and are not intended to limit the indicated devices, elements, or components to having a specific orientation or to be constructed and operated in a specific orientation.
[0042] Furthermore, in addition to indicating direction or positional relationship, some of the aforementioned terms may also have other meanings. For example, the term "above" may also be used in certain situations to indicate a dependency or connection. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of these terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.
[0043] Furthermore, the terms "installation," "setup," "equipped with," "connection," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral structure; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or an internal connection between two devices, components, or parts. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of these terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.
[0044] Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are primarily used to distinguish different devices, elements, or components (which may be the same or different in specific type and construction), and are not intended to indicate or imply the relative importance or quantity of the indicated devices, elements, or components. Unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.
[0045] Existing earth pressure balance tunnel boring machines (TBMs) typically have a flushing device behind the cutterhead. This device sprays a specific fluid, such as a clay modifier, into the cutterhead and the space in front of the cutterhead face. This modifies the clay, making it easier to excavate, and also flushes the cutterhead to prevent mud cake formation in the center, which would affect operational efficiency. Current flushing devices mainly employ single-pump single-channel or single-pump multi-channel methods. Specifically, a single-pump single-channel method uses a single pump to inject fluid through a single fluid channel connected to a specific location on the cutterhead, allowing flushing of that area. However, this method only flushes one location on the cutterhead. A single-pump multi-channel method also uses a single pump for fluid supply, but with multiple channels. While it can flush multiple locations on the cutterhead, the fluid is divided among multiple channels, reducing the flushing force and often resulting in poor flushing effectiveness.
[0046] In view of this, the present invention provides a shield machine cutterhead flushing device, including a rotating shaft, a sleeve, and a bearing. One end of the rotating shaft along its own axial direction is fixedly connected to the cutterhead. The inner ring of the bearing is mounted on the rotating shaft, the inner wall of the sleeve is mounted on the outer ring of the bearing, and the outer wall of the sleeve is fixedly connected to the shield body of the shield machine. The rotating shaft includes a plurality of first flow channels extending axially, and the plurality of first flow channels are evenly distributed along the circumference of the rotating shaft. The first flow channels extend axially to the end of the rotating shaft near the cutterhead. The rotating shaft also includes a plurality of first guide grooves. The first end of the first guide groove is connected to the first flow channel, and the second end of the first guide groove extends to the outer wall of the rotating shaft. The first guide grooves corresponding to different first flow channels are positioned axially. The sleeve includes a second flow channel. The first end of the second flow channel extends to the inner wall of the sleeve, and the second end of the second flow channel extends to the outer wall of the sleeve. The second flow channel and the first guide groove are positioned axially to connect the second flow channel and a portion of the plurality of first flow channels during the rotation of the rotating shaft. In the shield machine cutterhead flushing device provided by this invention, the rotating shaft rotates together with the cutterhead in front. When the rotating shaft rotates to a certain angle, the second flow channel can be radially connected with the first guide groove. Fluid can enter the first guide groove from the second flow channel and then enter the first flow channel, and flow out from the end of the first flow channel near the cutterhead to flush specific positions of the cutterhead. Since multiple first flow channels are opened on the rotating shaft, the first flow channels connected to the second flow channel will be different as the angle of rotation of the rotating shaft is different. Thus, different positions of the cutterhead are flushed through different first flow channels. This allows a fluid pump to intermittently supply fluid to one first flow channel, ensuring that the fluid pressure in each first flow channel can be maintained at a high level. In summary, the shield machine cutterhead flushing device provided by this invention can not only flush multiple positions of the cutterhead with fluid, but also ensure strong flushing force and good flushing effect, while saving the fluid flow required for flushing.
[0047] Figure 1 This is an axial sectional view of a shield tunneling machine cutterhead flushing device provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 Cross-sectional view at point AA; Figure 3 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the rotating shaft in the shield tunneling machine's cutterhead flushing device after it has rotated a certain angle; Figure 4 A radial cross-sectional view of another shield machine cutterhead flushing device provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 for Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the rotating shaft of the cutterhead flushing device in a tunnel boring machine after it has rotated a certain angle. (For reference...) Figures 1 to 5This invention provides a shield machine cutterhead flushing device 100, including a rotating shaft 110, a sleeve 120, a bearing 130, and a fluid pump (not shown in the figure). One end of the rotating shaft 110 along its own axial direction is fixedly connected to the cutterhead. The inner ring of the bearing 130 is mounted on the rotating shaft 110, and the inner wall of the sleeve 120 is mounted on the outer ring of the bearing 130. The outer wall of the sleeve 120 is fixedly connected to the shield body of the shield machine. The rotating shaft 110 includes a plurality of axially extending first flow channels 111 and a plurality of first guide grooves 112. The plurality of first flow channels 111 are evenly distributed along the circumference of the rotating shaft 110, and the first flow channels 111 extend axially to the end of the rotating shaft 110 near the cutterhead. The first end of the first guide groove 112... The first flow channel 111 is connected to the first flow channel 111, and the second end of the first flow guide groove 112 extends to the outer wall of the rotating shaft 110. The first flow guide grooves 112 corresponding to different first flow channels 111 are axially aligned. The sleeve 120 includes a second flow channel 121, the first end of the second flow channel 121 extends to the inner wall of the sleeve 120, and the second end of the second flow channel 121 extends to the outer wall of the sleeve 120. The second flow channel 121 and the first flow guide groove 112 are axially aligned to connect the second flow channel 121 and a portion of the first flow channels 111 during the rotation of the rotating shaft 110. The input end of the fluid pump is connected to the first end of the second flow channel 121 to inject fluid into the second flow channel 121.
[0048] In the shield tunneling machine cutterhead flushing device 100 provided in this embodiment of the invention, when the shield tunneling machine is excavating, the cutterhead rotates, and the rotating shaft 110 rotates together with the cutterhead in front. When the rotating shaft 110 rotates to a certain angle, the second flow channel 121 can be radially connected to the first guide groove 112. The fluid injected by the fluid pump can enter the first guide groove 112 from the second flow channel 121 and then enter the first flow channel 111, and flow out from the end of the first flow channel 111 near the cutterhead to flush a specific position on the cutterhead. Since multiple first flow channels 111 are opened on the rotating shaft 110, the first flow channels 111 connected to the second flow channel 121 will also flush as the rotating shaft 110 rotates at different angles. Different first flow channels 111 are used to flush different positions of the cutterhead, thereby enabling a fluid pump to intermittently supply fluid to each first flow channel 111 (the fluid pump can supply fluid from the second flow channel 121). This ensures that the fluid pressure (or flow rate) in each first flow channel 111 can be maintained at a high value, ensuring the impact force of the fluid on the cutterhead and effectively preventing the formation of mud cake on the cutterhead. In summary, the shield machine cutterhead flushing device 100 provided by the present invention can not only flush multiple positions of the cutterhead with fluid, but also ensure strong flushing force and good flushing effect, while saving the fluid flow required for flushing.
[0049] In the above embodiments, each first flow channel 111 can be connected to multiple first guide grooves 112. The multiple first guide grooves 112 corresponding to the same first flow channel 111 are spaced apart axially. There are multiple second flow channels 121, and the axial positions of the multiple second flow channels 121 correspond one-to-one with the axial positions of the first guide grooves 112. For example... Figure 1 As shown, it can be understood that when the rotating shaft 110 rotates to a certain angle, multiple second flow channels 121 arranged at intervals on the same straight line along the axial direction of the rotating shaft 110 can be connected one-to-one with multiple first guide grooves 112 on one of the flow channels.
[0050] like Figure 3 As shown in the above embodiment, the circumferential distance between two adjacent first guide grooves 112 can be smaller than the circumferential dimension of the second end of the second flow channel 121, so that one second flow channel 121 and at least two first guide grooves 112 can be connected during the rotation of the shaft 110. It can be understood that since the circumferential distance between two adjacent first guide grooves 112 is smaller than the circumferential dimension of the second end of the second flow channel 121, the second end of the second flow channel 121 can simultaneously connect with two adjacent first guide grooves 112 at a certain position during the rotation of the shaft 110. At this time, fluid can simultaneously flush two positions of the cutter head through the two first flow channels 111. This design ensures that the second flow channel 121 can connect with at least one first flow channel 111 at all times during the rotation of the shaft 110, guaranteeing smooth fluid flow.
[0051] In the above embodiments, the second flow channel 121 may include a flow channel body 1211 and a second guide groove 1212. The second guide groove 1212 is located at the second end of the first flow channel 111. One end of the second guide groove 1212 is connected to the flow channel body 1211, and the other end of the second guide groove 1212 extends to the inner wall of the sleeve 120. The circumferential distance between two adjacent first guide grooves 112 is smaller than the circumferential dimension of the second guide groove 1212. By opening the second guide groove 1212 at the second end of the second flow channel 121, the circumferential dimension of the second flow channel 121 can be extended, prolonging the communication time between the same second flow channel 121 and the same first flow channel 111. This allows for longer scouring of the same position on the cutter head, improving the scouring effect.
[0052] In the above embodiments, the circumferential dimension of the first guide channel 112 can be larger than the circumferential dimension of the first flow channel 111, and the circumferential dimension of the second guide channel 1212 can be smaller than the circumferential dimension of the first guide channel 112. Similarly, making the circumferential dimension of the first guide channel 112 larger than the circumferential dimension of the first flow channel 111 can further extend the communication time between the same second flow channel 121 and the same first flow channel 111, allowing for a longer period of scouring of the same position on the cutter head; while making the circumferential dimension of the second guide channel 1212 smaller than the circumferential dimension of the first guide channel 112 can ensure that all the fluid in the second flow channel 121 can flow out through a single first flow channel 111.
[0053] In the above embodiments, multiple second flow channels 121 can be arranged at axial intervals, and each second flow channel 121 has the same circumferential position on the sleeve 120. It is understood that these second flow channels 121 can be arranged along the same straight line, and these second flow channels 121 can be supplied with liquid by the same fluid pump.
[0054] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown in the above embodiment, the plurality of second flow channels 121 can form two flow channel groups. Each flow channel group includes a plurality of second flow channels 121. The second flow channels 121 in each flow channel group are spaced apart along the axial direction. The second flow channels 121 in each flow channel group are at the same circumferential position on the sleeve 120. The two flow channel groups are centrally symmetrical about the axis of rotation 110. It can be understood that the plurality of second flow channels 121 in each flow channel group can be supplied with liquid by one fluid pump, and the two flow channel groups can be supplied with liquid by two fluid pumps respectively.
[0055] In the above embodiments, a sealing element 140 may also be included, which is disposed between the sleeve 120 and the rotating shaft 110 to seal the area between the first flow channel 111 and the second flow channel 121.
[0056] like Figure 1 As shown, in the above embodiment, a clamping member 150 may also be included. The clamping member 150 is disposed at one end of the sleeve 120 along the axial direction. The clamping member 150 is fixedly connected to the sleeve 120. The clamping member 150 abuts against the outer ring of the bearing 130 along the axial direction. The clamping member 150 can prevent the bearing 130 from moving along the axial direction of the rotating shaft 110.
[0057] The shield machine cutterhead flushing device 100 provided in this embodiment of the invention includes a rotating shaft 110, a sleeve 120, a bearing 130, and a fluid pump. One end of the rotating shaft 110 along its own axial direction is fixedly connected to the cutterhead. The inner ring of the bearing 130 is mounted on the rotating shaft 110, and the inner wall of the sleeve 120 is mounted on the outer ring of the bearing 130. The outer wall of the sleeve 120 is fixedly connected to the shield body of the shield machine. The rotating shaft 110 includes a plurality of first flow channels 111 extending axially, and the plurality of first flow channels 111 are evenly distributed circumferentially along the rotating shaft 110. The first flow channels 111 extend axially to the end of the rotating shaft 110 near the cutterhead. The rotating shaft 110 also includes a plurality of first guide grooves 112, the first end of which is connected to the cutterhead. The first flow channel 111 is connected, the second end of the first guide groove 112 extends to the outer wall of the rotating shaft 110, and the first guide grooves 112 corresponding to different first flow channels 111 are axially aligned; the sleeve 120 includes a second flow channel 121, the first end of the second flow channel 121 extends to the inner wall of the sleeve 120, the second end of the second flow channel 121 extends to the outer wall of the sleeve 120, and the second flow channel 121 and the first guide groove 112 are axially aligned to connect the second flow channel 121 and a portion of the first flow channels 111 during the rotation of the rotating shaft 110; the input end of the fluid pump is connected to the first end of the second flow channel 121 to inject fluid into the second flow channel 121. In the shield machine cutterhead flushing device 100 provided in this embodiment of the invention, the rotating shaft 110 rotates together with the cutterhead in front. When the rotating shaft 110 rotates to a certain angle, the second flow channel 121 injected by the fluid pump can be radially connected with the first guide groove 112. Fluid can enter the first guide groove 112 from the second flow channel 121 and then enter the first flow channel 111, and flow out from the end of the first flow channel 111 near the cutterhead to flush a specific position on the cutterhead. Since multiple first flow channels 111 are opened on the rotating shaft 110, the flushing effect is achieved as the rotating shaft 110 rotates. The first flow channel 111 connected to the second flow channel 121 will also be different due to the different degrees of fluid flow. Thus, different positions of the cutterhead are flushed through different first flow channels 111. This allows a fluid pump to intermittently supply fluid to one first flow channel 111, ensuring that the fluid pressure in each first flow channel 111 can be maintained at a high level. In summary, the shield machine cutterhead flushing device 100 provided by the present invention can not only flush multiple positions of the cutterhead with fluid, but also ensure strong flushing force and good flushing effect, while saving the fluid flow required for flushing.
[0058] Furthermore, this embodiment of the invention also provides a tunnel boring machine (TBM), which includes any of the TBM cutterhead flushing devices 100 described in the above embodiments. The TBM cutterhead flushing device 100 includes a rotating shaft 110, a sleeve 120, a bearing 130, and a fluid pump. One end of the rotating shaft 110 along its axial direction is fixedly connected to the cutterhead. The inner ring of the bearing 130 is mounted on the rotating shaft 110, and the inner wall of the sleeve 120 is mounted on the outer ring of the bearing 130. The outer wall of the sleeve 120 is fixedly connected to the shield body of the TBM. The rotating shaft 110 includes a plurality of axially extending first flow channels 111, which are evenly distributed circumferentially along the rotating shaft 110. The first flow channels 111 extend axially to the end of the rotating shaft 110 near the cutterhead. The rotating shaft 110 also includes a plurality of first guide grooves 112, the first end of which is connected to the first flow channel 112. The first flow channel 111 is connected, and the second end of the first flow channel 112 extends to the outer wall of the rotating shaft 110. The first flow channels 112 corresponding to different first flow channels 111 are axially aligned. The sleeve 120 includes a second flow channel 121, the first end of which extends to the inner wall of the sleeve 120, and the second end of which extends to the outer wall of the sleeve 120. The second flow channel 121 and the first flow channel 112 are axially aligned to connect the second flow channel 121 and a portion of the first flow channels 111 during the rotation of the rotating shaft 110. The input end of the fluid pump is connected to the first end of the second flow channel 121 to inject fluid into the second flow channel 121. Therefore, during tunnel boring machine (TBM) excavation, the shaft 110 can rotate together with the cutterhead. When the shaft 110 rotates to a certain angle, the second flow channel 121 injected by the fluid pump can be radially connected to the first guide groove 112. Fluid can enter the first guide groove 112 from the second flow channel 121 and then enter the first flow channel 111. It then flows out from the end of the first flow channel 111 near the cutterhead to flush specific positions on the cutterhead. Since multiple first flow channels 111 are opened on the shaft 110, the first flow channels 111 connected to the second flow channel 121 will be different depending on the angle of rotation of the shaft 110. Thus, different positions on the cutterhead are flushed through different first flow channels 111. This allows a fluid pump to intermittently supply fluid to a first flow channel 111, ensuring that the fluid pressure in each first flow channel 111 can be maintained at a high level. This ensures the impact force of the fluid on the cutterhead and effectively prevents mud cake formation on the cutterhead, thereby improving the tunneling efficiency of the TBM.
[0059] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims
1. A shield tunneling machine cutterhead flushing device, characterized in that, It includes a rotating shaft, a sleeve, a bearing, and a fluid pump. One end of the rotating shaft along its own axial direction is fixedly connected to the cutterhead. The inner ring of the bearing is mounted on the rotating shaft. The inner wall of the sleeve is mounted on the outer ring of the bearing. The outer wall of the sleeve is fixedly connected to the shield body of the tunnel boring machine. The rotating shaft includes a plurality of first flow channels extending along the axial direction and a plurality of first flow grooves, and the plurality of first flow channels are evenly distributed along the circumference of the rotating shaft, and the first flow channels extend along the axial direction to the end of the rotating shaft near the cutter head; The first end of the first guide groove is connected to the first flow channel, the second end of the first guide groove extends to the outer wall of the rotating shaft, and the positions of the first guide grooves corresponding to different first flow channels are opposite to those along the axial direction. The sleeve includes a second flow channel, a first end of which extends to the inner wall of the sleeve, and a second end of which extends to the outer wall of the sleeve. The second flow channel and the first guide groove are positioned opposite each other in the axial direction. The second flow channel is an independent flow channel fixed in the circumferential direction of the sleeve. The first guide groove rotates with the rotating shaft so that the second flow channel is periodically aligned with and connected to different first guide grooves during the rotation of the rotating shaft, thereby selectively guiding the fluid into the corresponding first flow channel. The input end of the fluid pump is connected to the first end of the second flow channel to inject fluid into the second flow channel.
2. The shield machine cutterhead flushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the first flow channels is connected to multiple first guide channels. The multiple first guide channels corresponding to the same first flow channel are spaced apart along the axial direction. There are multiple second flow channels, and the positions of the multiple second flow channels along the axial direction correspond one-to-one with the positions of the first guide channels along the axial direction.
3. The shield machine cutterhead flushing device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The distance between two adjacent first guide channels along the circumference is less than the circumferential dimension of the second end of the second channel, so that one second channel and at least two first guide channels are connected during the rotation of the shaft.
4. The shield machine cutterhead flushing device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The second flow channel includes a flow channel body and a second flow guide groove. The second flow guide groove is located at the second end of the first flow channel. One end of the second flow guide groove is connected to the flow channel body, and the other end of the second flow guide groove extends to the inner wall of the sleeve. The distance between two adjacent first flow guide grooves along the circumferential direction is less than the circumferential dimension of the second flow guide groove.
5. The shield machine cutterhead flushing device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first guide channel has a circumferential dimension larger than the first flow channel, and the second guide channel has a circumferential dimension smaller than the first guide channel.
6. The shield machine cutterhead flushing device according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, Multiple second flow channels are spaced apart along the axial direction, and each second flow channel is in the same circumferential position on the sleeve.
7. The shield machine cutterhead flushing device according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, Multiple second flow channels form two flow channel groups, each flow channel group including multiple second flow channels. The second flow channels in each flow channel group are spaced apart along the axial direction. The second flow channels in each flow channel group are in the same circumferential position on the sleeve. The two flow channel groups are centrally symmetrical about the axis of rotation.
8. The shield machine cutterhead flushing device according to claim 7, characterized in that, It also includes a seal disposed between the sleeve and the rotating shaft to seal the area between the first flow channel and the second flow channel.
9. The shield machine cutterhead flushing device according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, It also includes a clamping element, which is disposed at one end of the sleeve along the axial direction, the clamping element is fixedly connected to the sleeve, and the clamping element abuts against the outer ring of the bearing along the axial direction.
10. A tunnel boring machine, characterized in that, Includes the shield machine cutterhead flushing device as described in any one of claims 1-9.