Drop-out ocean temperature and salinity profiling rapid measurement buoy

Abstract

This invention discloses a drop-out ocean temperature and salinity profile rapid measurement buoy, comprising a float, an XCTD probe, a probe release device, a measurement control module, a communication antenna, and a power module. The float is used to float on the sea surface. The probe release device is installed on the float and is used to release the XCTD probe. The measurement control module is connected to the probe release device to control its operation. The measurement control module is connected to the XCTD probe via wires to receive measurement data from the XCTD probe. The communication antenna is connected to the measurement control module to transmit measurement data to the user terminal in real time. The power module is installed on the float and supplies power to all modules of the buoy. Compared with existing technologies, the buoy of this invention enables long-distance deployment and control of the XCTD probe, providing a novel means for rapid mobile measurement of ocean temperature and salinity profiles. Through batch deployment and network application, it can provide early warning and forecasting for meteorological and marine disasters such as typhoons and storm surges.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of marine environmental mobile observation platform technology, and in particular to a drop-out rapid measurement buoy for ocean temperature and salinity profiles. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of marine disaster early warning and forecasting, real-time measurement data of ocean temperature and salinity profiles in typhoon-passing sea areas are of great significance for studying the interaction between typhoons and the ocean, optimizing typhoon numerical forecasting models, and improving the accuracy of typhoon and storm surge forecasts.

[0003] Currently, the main methods for observing ocean temperature and salinity profiles include moored buoys / submarine buoys, Argo buoys, and ship-based measurements. Moored buoys / submarine moorings can achieve long-term observation of ocean temperature and salinity profiles at single points by attaching temperature and salinity chains. However, the number of temperature and salinity sensors carried by the chains is limited, the vertical resolution is low, and they suffer from drawbacks such as high cost, difficulty in deployment and retrieval, and inconvenience in operation and maintenance. Argo buoys achieve sinking and surfacing in the sea and measure temperature and salinity profiles by changing their own buoyancy. They generally float at a fixed depth of about 1000m and cannot maintain real-time communication with user terminals. Moreover, completing a single temperature and salinity profile measurement can take several hours to several days. However, marine disasters such as typhoons progress rapidly, and Argo buoys cannot meet the needs of rapid measurement of ocean temperature and salinity profiles for marine disaster early warning and forecasting. Ship-based temperature and salinity profile measurements mainly include shipborne cable-stayed temperature and salinity profile measurements and shipborne drop-out temperature and salinity profile measurements (XCTD). However, shipborne temperature and salinity profile measurements are basically limited to the vicinity of fixed routes and are generally carried out when sea conditions are good, which cannot meet the needs of ocean temperature and salinity profile observation under adverse weather and sea conditions.

[0004] XCTD, short for Deployable Conductivity, Temperature, and Depth Profiling Instrument, is used to obtain seawater temperature and salinity profile data. It is a rapidly developing ocean temperature and salinity profiling device in recent years, offering advantages such as low cost, concealed operation, and rapid measurement. To address the need for rapid, real-time observation of ocean temperature and salinity profile data for marine disaster early warning and forecasting, XCTD probes need to be deployed quickly at specific times and locations. Currently, XCTD probes are generally deployed from ships; however, this method is largely limited to the vicinity of fixed shipping routes. When the target area for XCTD probe deployment may have experienced or has already experienced a marine disaster, this deployment method carries a high risk. Furthermore, shipborne deployment methods cannot perform temperature and salinity profile measurements in special sea areas inaccessible to ships. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a drop-out ocean temperature and salinity profile rapid measurement buoy. By concentrating the XCTD probe and probe release device on the buoy, it enables remote deployment control of the XCTD probe. The XCTD probe can be deployed at fixed times, locations, or remotely controlled, achieving rapid real-time measurement of the ocean temperature and salinity profile. It can also maintain real-time communication with user terminals. Multiple buoys can be networked for application, providing a new type of mobile and rapid observation means and method for ocean temperature and salinity profiles for marine disaster early warning and forecasting.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution:

[0007] This invention discloses a drop-out rapid ocean temperature and salinity profile measurement buoy, comprising:

[0008] Floats used to float on the surface of the sea;

[0009] An XCTD probe used to obtain temperature and salinity profiles of seawater during descent;

[0010] A probe release device is installed on the float, and the probe release device is used to release the XCTD probe;

[0011] The measurement control module is installed on the float and is connected to the probe release device to control the operation of the probe release device; the measurement control module is connected to the XCTD probe through a wire to receive the measurement data of the XCTD probe.

[0012] A communication antenna is installed on the float and connected to the measurement control module to transmit the measurement data of the XCTD probe to the user terminal in real time.

[0013] A power module is installed on the float and is connected to the measurement and control module to supply power to the measurement and control module.

[0014] Preferably, the probe release device includes a probe delivery cylinder and a cover opening device; the probe delivery cylinder is used to accommodate the XCTD probe, the probe delivery cylinder includes a cylinder body and a cover body, the cylinder body is mounted on the float, and the cover body is mounted on the cylinder body; the cover opening device can move the cover body to release the XCTD probe.

[0015] Preferably, the cover is hinged to the cylinder body; the cover opening device includes a rope, a pin, and a moving component; the first end of the rope is slidably connected to the pin, and the second end of the rope is connected to the cover, so that the cover is placed on the cylinder body under the tension of the rope; the moving component is used to move the pin, so that the first end of the rope is separated from the pin.

[0016] Preferably, the movable component is used to move the pin along the axial direction of the pin.

[0017] Preferably, the moving component includes a sleeve, a spring, a snap-fit ​​element, a button, and a pressing component;

[0018] The sleeve is installed on the float, and the pin slides through the sleeve; the first end of the spring abuts against the float, and the second end of the spring abuts against the first end of the snap-fit, the snap-fit ​​having a displacement portion;

[0019] When the button is not pressed, the shifting part is engaged with the sleeve; when the button is pressed, the button applies pressure to the shifting part, causing the shifting part to shift and disengage from the sleeve.

[0020] The pin is provided with a positioning block. After the displacement part is released from the sleeve, the second end of the locking member abuts against the positioning block to push the pin to slide along its own axis.

[0021] The pressing component is used to press the button.

[0022] Preferably, the pressing component includes a drive motor and a cam; the drive motor is mounted on the float and drives the cam to rotate; when the cam rotates, it can slide into contact with the button to press the button.

[0023] Preferably, the button is at least partially a magnet, and the cam has a Hall sensor; the Hall sensor is connected to the measurement control module to transmit the electrical signal of the Hall sensor to the measurement control module.

[0024] Preferably, the XCTD probe has a pin hole at one end away from the cover, and the pin slides through the pin hole to support the XCTD probe; and the movement of the moving component can disengage the pin from the pin hole.

[0025] Preferably, the drop-type rapid ocean temperature and salinity profile measurement buoy further includes a sea surface temperature and salinity measurement sensor and a micro weather station; the sea surface temperature and salinity measurement sensor is installed on the buoy and is used to measure sea surface temperature and salinity information; the micro weather station is installed on the buoy and is used to measure meteorological information; the measurement control module is connected to the sea surface temperature and salinity measurement sensor and the micro weather station respectively to receive sea surface temperature and salinity information and meteorological information respectively;

[0026] The center of gravity of the drop-type ocean temperature and salinity profiling rapid measurement buoy is offset from the center of buoyancy; the micro weather station is located on the side of the buoy away from the center of gravity so that it is above the sea surface during use; the sea surface temperature and salinity measurement sensor is located on the side of the buoy close to the center of gravity so that it is below the sea surface during use.

[0027] Preferably, the float includes a hollow buoy and a sealing cover; the sealing cover is installed inside the hollow buoy to divide the hollow buoy into an action chamber and a waterproof chamber; the XCTD probe is located in the action chamber, and the side wall of the action chamber is provided with a through hole for the XCTD probe to pass through; the measurement control module and the power module are both located in the waterproof chamber.

[0028] The drop-type ocean temperature and salinity profile rapid measurement buoy of the present invention is deployed into the sea by a ship and drifts on the sea surface. When the buoy reaches a preset position, a preset time, or receives a remote temperature and salinity profile measurement command, it releases the XCTD probe to measure ocean temperature, salinity, and depth profile data. The measurement control module calculates the seawater density and sound speed at each depth based on the measured ocean temperature, salinity, and depth information.

[0029] After the measurement data is analyzed, processed, and undergoes preliminary quality control by the measurement control module, it is transmitted back to the user terminal in real time via the communication antenna. Depending on different application requirements, the user terminal can input the measurement and calculation data into relevant meteorological and oceanographic numerical forecasting models to improve the accuracy of early warning and forecasting of meteorological and oceanographic disasters such as typhoons and storm surges. Alternatively, the user terminal can distribute the data to ship, submarine, and aircraft users.

[0030] The present invention achieves the following technical effects compared to the prior art:

[0031] This invention highly integrates the functions and advantages of drifting buoys and XCTD (Extended Conduction Device), introducing a drop-out rapid ocean temperature and salinity profiling buoy. It boasts advantages such as low cost, simple deployment, and no maintenance, allowing for large-scale deployment alongside ships. After deployment, the buoy floats with the surface currents and begins observing environmental information such as ocean temperature and salinity profiling. This eliminates the limitations of manual measurements from ships, enabling operation in extreme weather conditions and dangerous operational areas. It can maintain real-time communication and network applications with user terminals, achieving mobile, rapid, and low-risk observation of ocean temperature and salinity profiling environmental information over a wide area. In particular, a low-cost, simple, and reliable probe release device enables timed, location-based, programmable, or remotely controlled batch deployment of XCTD probes, allowing for rapid measurement of a single ocean temperature and salinity profiling section within 10 minutes, and providing high vertical resolution data. This observation method overcomes the shortcomings of existing ocean temperature and salinity profile observation methods such as moored buoys / submarine moors, ship-based buoys, and Argo buoys, and can significantly improve the integrated real-time observation capability of sea surface meteorological and hydrological elements and ocean temperature and salinity profile elements over large areas of sea.

[0032] This invention does not pursue long-term continuous observation of ocean temperature and salinity profiles globally. Instead, it aims at the accurate forecasting of meteorological and oceanic phenomena in specific sea areas. It pre-deploys buoys in batches in specific sea areas using a current trajectory prediction method to achieve the observation of sea surface meteorological and hydrological environmental elements and the rapid acquisition of ocean temperature and salinity profiles. Through network application, it can provide rich, rapid, real-time on-site observation data for early warning and forecasting of meteorological and oceanic disasters such as typhoons and storm surges, which will effectively improve disaster prevention and mitigation capabilities. Attached Figure Description

[0033] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0034] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a drop-type rapid ocean temperature and salinity profile measurement buoy according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the network observation of a drop-type rapid ocean temperature and salinity profile measurement buoy according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 3 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of a drop-type rapid ocean temperature and salinity profile measurement buoy according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0038] 100 - Buoy; 200 - Satellite; 300 - User terminal; 400 - Ship;

[0039] 101-Miniature Weather Station; 102-Communication Antenna; 103-Support Rod; 104-Cam; 105-Hall Sensor; 106-Probe Drop-off Cylinder; 107-Enameled Wire; 108-Output Shaft; 109-Drive Motor; 110-Measurement Control Module; 111-Power Module; 112-Counterweight; 113-Sea Surface Temperature and Salinity Measurement Sensor; 114-Waterproof Chamber; 115-Sealing Cover; 116-Main Support; 117-Button; 118-Magnet; 119-Reset Spring; 120-Bending Spring; 121-Spring; 122-Sleeve; 123-Pin; 124-Limiting Component; 125-Rope; 126-Cylinder Body; 127-XCTD Probe; 128-Hollow Float; 129-Cover. Detailed Implementation

[0040] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0041] The purpose of this invention is to provide a drop-out ocean temperature and salinity profile rapid measurement buoy, which achieves long-distance deployment control of the XCTD probe by concentrating the XCTD probe and probe release device on the buoy.

[0042] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0043] Reference Figures 1-3 This embodiment provides a drop-out ocean temperature and salinity profile rapid measurement buoy, including a buoy body, an XCTD probe 127, a probe release device, a measurement control module 110, a communication antenna 102, and a power module 111.

[0044] A float is used to float on the sea surface. An XCTD probe 127 is used to obtain temperature and salinity profiles of the seawater during descent. A probe release device is mounted on the float and is used to release the XCTD probe 127. A measurement control module 110 is mounted on the float. The measurement control module 110 is connected to the probe release device to control its operation. The measurement control module 110 is connected to the XCTD probe 127 via wires to receive measurement data from the XCTD probe 127. A communication antenna 102 is mounted on the float and connected to the measurement control module 110 to transmit measurement data to the user terminal 300 in real time (signal relay can be achieved via satellite 200). A power module 111 is mounted on the float and connected to the measurement control module 110 to supply power to the measurement control module 110.

[0045] The working principle of this example of a drop-type rapid ocean temperature and salinity profiling buoy (hereinafter referred to as buoy 100) is as follows:

[0046] Buoy 100 is deployed into the seawater via vessel 400. Buoy 100 drifts on the surface and can receive real-time user commands via communication antenna 102. User terminal 300 can obtain real-time positioning information of buoy 100 (via satellite 200) using signals transmitted by communication antenna 102. When buoy 100 reaches a preset position, a preset time, or receives a remote temperature and salinity profile measurement command via communication antenna 102, the XCTD probe 127 to be deployed is first powered on, and then released via probe release device. After being released into the water, XCTD probe 127 falls freely, measuring seawater temperature and salinity parameters at various times during its descent. Depth information at each time can be calculated by substituting the probe's entry time into the depth calculation formula, thus obtaining the correspondence between ocean temperature and salinity data and descent depth at each time, ultimately yielding upper ocean temperature, salinity, and depth profile data.

[0047] The measurement and control module 110 can calculate the seawater density ρ and sound velocity C at each depth based on the ocean temperature T, salinity S, and depth Z measured by the XCTD probe 127, and plot the curves of seawater temperature, salinity, density, and sound velocity as a function of depth. Simultaneously, it calculates the vertical gradients of temperature, salinity, density, and sound velocity (i.e.,...). , , , It can automatically determine whether there are marine phenomena such as thermoclines, salinity clinches, density clinches, and sound speed clinches in the sea area where Buoy 100 is located.

[0048] After the measurement data is analyzed, processed, and undergoes preliminary quality control by the measurement control module 110, it is transmitted back to the user terminal 300 in real time via the communication antenna 102. Depending on different application requirements, the user terminal 300 can input the measurement and calculation data into relevant meteorological and oceanographic phenomenon numerical forecasting models to improve the accuracy of early warning and forecasting of meteorological and oceanographic disasters such as typhoons and storm surges. Alternatively, the user terminal 300 can distribute the data to ship, submarine, and aircraft users.

[0049] The XCTD probe 127 is connected to the measurement control module 110 via a wire. This wire can be the enameled wire 107 (copper wire coated with an insulating varnish layer) commonly used in the XCTD probe 127. Its diameter is small. When the enameled wire 107 is straightened, it will automatically break under the gravity of the XCTD probe 127, causing the XCTD probe 127 to sink to the seabed.

[0050] There are various types of probe release devices, and those skilled in the art can choose according to actual needs. For example, the probe release device can be a gripper, which grasps the XCTD probe 127 by closing the gripper and releases the XCTD probe 127 by releasing the gripper. As a possible example, in this embodiment, the probe release device includes a probe delivery cylinder 106 and a cover opening device. The probe delivery cylinder 106 is used to accommodate the XCTD probe 127. The probe delivery cylinder 106 includes a cylinder body 126 and a cover 129. The cylinder body 126 is mounted on the float, and the cover 129 is mounted on the cylinder body 126. When the cover 129 is in its original position, the XCTD probe 127 cannot leave the probe delivery cylinder 106 due to the obstruction of the cover 129. After the cover opening device moves the cover 129, the cover 129 no longer obstructs the XCTD probe 127, thereby releasing the XCTD probe 127.

[0051] The cover 129 can be displaced by translation, rotation, or a combination of both. As a possible example, in this embodiment, the cover 129 is hinged to the cylinder 126, meaning the cover 129 is displaced by rotation. The opening device includes a rope 125, a pin 123, and a moving assembly. The rope 125 can be a cord, a metal wire, a metal chain, an elastic band, or other types of rope 125. The first end of the rope 125 is slidably connected to the pin 123, and the second end of the rope 125 is connected to the cover 129, so that the cover 129 is placed on the cylinder 126 under the tension of the rope 125. The moving assembly is used to move the pin 123, causing the first end of the rope 125 to separate from the pin 123. After the rope 125 separates from the pin 123, the rope 125 no longer applies tension to the cover 129. The XCTD probe 127 moves vertically downwards or tilted downwards under the influence of gravity, and knocks open the cover 129, thus releasing the XCTD probe 127. There are several ways to slide the rope 125 and the pin 123. For example, the first end of the rope 125 can be looped around the pin 123. This loop can be formed by the rope 125 itself, or it can be a plastic ring, metal ring, etc., fixed to the first end of the rope 125. Another example is that the pin 123 has a groove extending along its axis to the first end. The first end of the rope 125 passes through the groove and is tied into a limiting knot. The limiting knot cannot pass through the groove but can slide in contact with the pin 123. When the limiting knot slides to the first end of the pin 123, it disengages from the pin 123.

[0052] There are various ways for the pin 123 to move, such as swinging, as long as it can disengage the rope 125 from the pin 123. As a possible example, in this embodiment, the moving component is used to move the pin 123 along the axial direction of the pin 123.

[0053] There are various structures capable of driving the pin 123 in a straight line, such as an electric telescopic rod, a lead screw and nut mechanism, etc., which can be selected by those skilled in the art according to actual needs. As a possible example, in this embodiment, the moving component includes a sleeve 122, a spring 121, a snap-fit ​​component, a button 117, and a pressing component.

[0054] Specifically, sleeve 122 is mounted on the float, and pin 123 slides through sleeve 122. Spring 121 is located between pin 123 and sleeve 122. The first end of spring 121 abuts against the float, and the second end of spring 121 abuts against the first end of the snap-fit ​​component, which has a displacement portion. The first end of spring 121 can abut against the float directly (direct contact) or indirectly (not in direct contact).

[0055] The pressing assembly is used to press button 117. When button 117 is not pressed, the shifting part is engaged with sleeve 122, at which time spring 121 is in a compressed state, and pin 123 is in its original position. When button 117 is pressed, button 117 applies pressure to the shifting part, causing the shifting part to shift and disengage from sleeve 122. At this time, spring 121 gradually extends and pushes the engaging part to move away from spring 121. A return spring 119 can be provided between button 117 and sleeve 122. The return spring 119 is sleeved on the outside of button 117, with one end of the return spring 119 abutting against sleeve 122 and the other end abutting against a shoulder on button 117. After button 117 is released, button 117 can be reset by the action of return spring 119.

[0056] A positioning block is provided on the pin 123. After the displacement part is released from the sleeve 122, the second end of the locking part abuts against the positioning block under the push of the spring 121, so as to push the pin 123 to slide along its own axis. Therefore, in this embodiment, the elastic force of the spring 121 is used as the power to realize the sliding translation of the pin 123, and finally the pin 123 is separated from the rope 125.

[0057] Specifically, in this embodiment, when the pin 123 is in its original position, it passes through the cylinder 126, and the rope 125 is located outside the probe delivery cylinder 106. The first end of the rope 125 is connected to the portion of the pin 123 located outside the cylinder 126. To prevent the rope 125 from naturally detaching from the pin 123, i.e., when the pin 123 is in its original position, a limiting member 124 is fixed to the outside of the cylinder 126. The limiting member 124 is L-shaped. When the pin 123 is in its original position, it passes through the limiting member 124, and the first end of the rope 125 is located between the cylinder 126 and the limiting member 124. It is understood that those skilled in the art can also use other methods to prevent the rope 125 from naturally detaching from the pin 123. For example, the rope 125 is an elastic band, and the side of the pin 123 is provided with an annular groove with a V-shaped cross-section, into which the rope 125 is embedded.

[0058] In this embodiment, the snap-fit ​​component is a bent spring sheet 120, and the displacement portion is the bent portion of the bent spring sheet 120. However, the actual implementation is not limited to this. For example, the snap-fit ​​component may include a snap block and a snap pin. The snap block is provided with a guide hole, and a lifting spring is provided in the guide hole. The snap pin is inserted into the guide hole and abuts against the lifting spring. When the pin 123 is in its original position, the snap pin is snapped onto the sleeve 122 as a displacement portion. When the button 117 is pressed down, the button 117 presses the snap pin into the guide hole, the lifting spring is compressed, and the snap pin is released from the sleeve 122.

[0059] There are various types of pressing components, such as electric telescopic rods and lead screw and nut mechanisms, which can be selected by those skilled in the art according to actual needs. As a possible example, in this embodiment, the pressing component includes a drive motor 109 and a cam 104. The drive motor 109 is mounted on the float and drives the cam 104 to rotate. When the cam 104 rotates, it can slide into contact with the button 117, and when the protruding part of the cam 104 approaches the button 117, it can press the button 117.

[0060] It should be noted that in order to calculate the depth at which the XCTD probe 127 is located after release, the accurate release time of the XCTD probe 127 is required. As a possible example, in this embodiment, the button 117 is at least partially a magnet 118, and the cam 104 has a Hall sensor 105. The Hall sensor 105 is connected to the measurement control module 110 to transmit the electrical signal of the Hall sensor 105 to the measurement control module 110. When the Hall sensor 105 approaches the magnet 118, it generates a signal and transmits it to the measurement control module 110, which can then obtain the signal of the XCTD probe 127 being released. The cam 104 continues to rotate, and when the signal from the Hall sensor 105 disappears, the measurement control module 110 controls the cam 104 to continue rotating for a preset time interval before stopping.

[0061] After being released into the water, the XCTD probe 127 falls freely in the seawater, measuring seawater temperature and salinity parameters at various times during its descent. The depth information at each moment is calculated using the probe's immersion time-depth formula, thus establishing the correspondence between the ocean temperature and salinity data and the descent depth. Finally, the upper ocean temperature, salinity, and depth profile data is obtained. This data is transmitted in real-time to the measurement control module 110 via an enameled wire 107. After the ocean temperature, salinity, and depth profile measurement is completed, the enameled wire 107 automatically breaks under the gravity of the XCTD probe 127, causing the probe to sink to the seabed.

[0062] Assuming the time when the Hall sensor 105 sends a signal to the measurement control module 110 is t1, and the average time interval between the Hall sensor 105 sending the signal and the probe release obtained from the previous test is te, then the zero point of the XCTD probe 127 entering the water is t0 = t1 + te.

[0063] The formula for calculating the water entry time-depth is as follows:

[0064]

[0065] In the above formula, Z represents the depth to which the XCTD probe 127 falls in seawater, in meters. t is the time elapsed after the XCTD probe 127 enters the water, in seconds. The formula contains two fixed coefficients, a and b, which are mainly determined by the inherent properties of the probe itself and can be calculated from sea trials. The calculation method is common knowledge in this field, so it will not be elaborated here.

[0066] Before the cover 129 is moved, the XCTD probe 127 can be supported by the cover 129 or by the pin 123. As a possible example, in this embodiment, the end of the XCTD probe 127 facing away from the cover 129 has a pin hole, through which the pin 123 slides to support the XCTD probe 127, and the moving component can disengage the pin 123 from the pin hole. Therefore, after the pin 123 is separated from the rope 125, the pin 123 needs to continue moving until it is separated from the pin hole, at which point the XCTD probe 127 is finally released.

[0067] As a possible example, in this embodiment, the buoy 100 also includes a sea surface temperature and salinity measurement sensor 113 and a miniature weather station 101. The sea surface temperature and salinity measurement sensor 113 is mounted on the buoy and is used to measure sea surface temperature and salinity information. The miniature weather station 101 is mounted on the buoy and is used to measure meteorological information, such as air temperature, humidity, air pressure, wind speed, wind direction, and other meteorological elements. The measurement control module 110 is connected to the sea surface temperature and salinity measurement sensor 113 and the miniature weather station 101 respectively to receive sea surface temperature and salinity information and meteorological information.

[0068] It should be noted that the miniature weather station 101 should be positioned above the sea surface during use, while the sea surface temperature and salinity measurement sensor 113 should be positioned below the sea surface. To ensure the correct positions of the miniature weather station 101 and the sea surface temperature and salinity measurement sensor 113 relative to the sea surface, in this embodiment, the center of gravity of the drop-type ocean temperature and salinity profiling rapid measurement buoy is offset from its center of buoyancy. The miniature weather station 101 is located on the side of the buoy away from the center of gravity, so that it is positioned above the sea surface during use. The sea surface temperature and salinity measurement sensor 113 is located on the side of the buoy closer to the center of gravity, so that it is positioned below the sea surface during use. Specifically, in this embodiment, the center of gravity position of the buoy 100 is adjusted by installing a counterweight 112 on the buoy.

[0069] Based on actual measurement needs and the power supply status of the power module 111, the measurement work of the miniature weather station 101 and the sea surface temperature and salinity measurement sensor 113 can be arranged as appropriate before, during, and after the XCTD probe 127 is released. That is, in this embodiment, the power module 111 not only supplies power to the measurement control module 110 and the XCTD probe 127, but also to the drive motor 109, the miniature weather station 101, and the sea surface temperature and salinity measurement sensor 113.

[0070] There are various specific forms of floats, and those skilled in the art can choose according to actual needs, as long as they can float on the sea surface. As a possible example, in this embodiment, the float includes a hollow buoy 128 and a sealing cover 115. The sealing cover 115 is installed inside the hollow buoy 128 to divide the hollow buoy 128 into an action chamber and a waterproof chamber 114. The measurement control module 110, the power module 111, and the drive motor 109 are all located inside the waterproof chamber 114 to prevent seawater from entering. The output shaft 108 of the drive motor 109 passes through the sealing cover 115. The XCTD probe 127 and the probe release device (excluding the drive motor 109) are located inside the action chamber, and the side wall of the action chamber has a through hole for the XCTD probe 127 to pass through.

[0071] To meet the measurement needs of ocean temperature, salinity, and depth profile data at different times and locations, in this embodiment, multiple XCTD probes 127 are included, which can be deployed at different times and locations. Additionally, referring to... Figure 2 Multiple buoys 100 can be strung together on a single rope and deployed at different locations to form a network. Specifically, there are eight XCTD probes 127. For the probe release devices of the eight XCTD probes 127, all components except the shared pressing assembly are individually configured. The float also includes a main support 116, which is located inside the actuation chamber. The main support 116 is shaped like a frustum or truncated cone, with its larger base surface fixed to a sealing cover 115. Eight probe deployment cylinders 106 are evenly distributed circumferentially on the side of the main support 116. The output shaft 108 of the drive motor 109 is located at the center of the main support 116, and different buttons 117 can be pressed when the cam 104 rotates to different positions. The miniature weather station 101 is fixed to the first end of the support rod 103, the second end of the support rod 103 is fixed to the main support 116, and the support rod 103 passes through the hollow float 128.

[0072] This specification uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will recognize that, based on the ideas of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

Claims

1. A drop-out rapid ocean temperature and salinity profiling buoy, characterized in that, include: Floats used to float on the surface of the sea; An XCTD probe used to obtain temperature and salinity profiles of seawater during descent; A probe release device is installed on the float, and the probe release device is used to release the XCTD probe; The measurement control module is installed on the float and is connected to the probe release device to control the operation of the probe release device; the measurement control module is connected to the XCTD probe through a wire to receive the measurement data of the XCTD probe. A communication antenna is installed on the float and connected to the measurement control module to transmit the measurement data of the XCTD probe to the user terminal in real time. A power module is installed on the float, and the power module is connected to the measurement and control module to supply power to the measurement and control module; The probe release device includes a probe delivery cylinder and a cover opening device; the probe delivery cylinder is used to accommodate the XCTD probe, and the probe delivery cylinder includes a cylinder body and a cover body, the cylinder body is mounted on the float, and the cover body is mounted on the cylinder body; the cover opening device can move the cover body to release the XCTD probe. The cover is hinged to the cylinder body; the cover opening device includes a rope, a pin, and a moving component; the first end of the rope is slidably connected to the pin, and the second end of the rope is connected to the cover, so that the cover is placed on the cylinder body under the tension of the rope; the moving component is used to move the pin, so that the first end of the rope is separated from the pin. The movable component is used to move the pin along the axial direction of the pin. The movable component includes a sleeve, a spring, a snap-fit ​​element, a button, and a pressing component; The sleeve is installed on the float, and the pin slides through the sleeve; the first end of the spring abuts against the float, and the second end of the spring abuts against the first end of the snap-fit, the snap-fit ​​having a displacement portion; When the button is not pressed, the shifting part is engaged with the sleeve; when the button is pressed, the button applies pressure to the shifting part, causing the shifting part to shift and disengage from the sleeve. The pin is provided with a positioning block. After the displacement part is released from the sleeve, the second end of the locking member abuts against the positioning block to push the pin to slide along its own axis. The pressing component is used to press the button.

2. The drop-type rapid ocean temperature and salinity profiling buoy according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pressing assembly includes a drive motor and a cam; the drive motor is mounted on the float and drives the cam to rotate; when the cam rotates, it can slide into contact with the button to press the button.

3. The drop-type rapid ocean temperature and salinity profiling buoy according to claim 2, characterized in that, The button is at least partially a magnet, and the cam has a Hall sensor; the Hall sensor is connected to the measurement control module to transmit the electrical signal of the Hall sensor to the measurement control module.

4. The drop-type rapid ocean temperature and salinity profiling buoy according to claim 1, characterized in that, The XCTD probe has a pin hole at one end away from the cover, and the pin slides through the pin hole to support the XCTD probe; and the movement of the moving component can disengage the pin from the pin hole.

5. The drop-type rapid ocean temperature and salinity profiling buoy according to claim 3, characterized in that, The drop-out ocean temperature and salinity profiling rapid measurement buoy also includes a sea surface temperature and salinity measurement sensor and a micro weather station; the sea surface temperature and salinity measurement sensor is installed on the buoy and is used to measure sea surface temperature and salinity information; the micro weather station is installed on the buoy and is used to measure meteorological information; the measurement control module is connected to the sea surface temperature and salinity measurement sensor and the micro weather station respectively to receive sea surface temperature and salinity information and meteorological information respectively; The center of gravity of the drop-type ocean temperature and salinity profiling rapid measurement buoy is offset from the center of buoyancy; the micro weather station is located on the side of the buoy away from the center of gravity so that it is above the sea surface during use; the sea surface temperature and salinity measurement sensor is located on the side of the buoy close to the center of gravity so that it is below the sea surface during use.

6. The drop-out rapid ocean temperature and salinity profiling buoy according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The float includes a hollow buoy and a sealing cover; the sealing cover is installed inside the hollow buoy to divide the hollow buoy into an action chamber and a waterproof chamber; the XCTD probe is located in the action chamber, and the side wall of the action chamber is provided with a through hole for the XCTD probe to pass through; the measurement control module and the power module are both located in the waterproof chamber.

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