A combined crop cultivation bed

Abstract

The present application relates to a combined crop cultivation bed, comprising: a culture module for arranging and carrying plants to move; a culture space for arranging the culture module and being divided into several functional spaces or functional intervals; the culture module is provided with a conveying track for carrying the plants to move, in the case that the culture space is divided by the conveying track of the culture module into at least functional spaces including respectively for plant leaf area and plant root area, the conveying track as a separation structure can carry the plants to move between several functional intervals arranged in the culture space along the movement direction, so that the plant leaf area and the root area can respectively relative to the light device and the fog culture device have combined movement including linear movement and rotary movement. The conveying track carrying the plants can improve the ability of the plants to utilize the air mist condition and the light condition and improve the automation level of the cultivation bed through the combined movement relative to the light device and the fog culture device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural planting and cultivation technology, specifically a combined crop cultivation bed. Background Technology

[0002] Modern agriculture has gradually developed soilless cultivation plants to overcome the limitations imposed by soil, light, and space on plant cultivation. Soilless cultivation refers to a method of cultivation where plants are anchored in a substrate such as water, peat moss, forest compost, or vermiculite, allowing the roots to directly contact the nutrient solution. Its key characteristic is replacing the soil environment with an artificially created root growth environment. This not only meets the crop's needs for nutrients, water, and air, but also allows for the control and regulation of these conditions, promoting better growth and achieving a better balance between vegetative and reproductive growth. Soilless cultivation liberates plant cultivation from soil limitations, greatly expanding the scope of agricultural production and possessing a very broad development prospect.

[0003] Aeroponics, also known as mist culture, is a type of soilless cultivation. It uses a spraying device to atomize nutrient solution into small droplets, which are then sprayed directly onto the plant roots to provide the water and nutrients needed for plant growth. Aeroponics further reduces the plant roots' need for solid matter, significantly increases the contact between the plant roots and the nutrient mist, thereby improving the plant's nutrient absorption efficiency. It can also improve the water-air imbalance in soilless cultivation, and facilitates three-dimensional cultivation and automated control.

[0004] Existing technologies have also proposed combining aeroponic cultivation with transmission or vertical structures to form aeroponic systems. For example, patent CN113785763B discloses an aeroponic device and aeroponic cultivation method. The technical solution of this patent sets the aeroponic device as several movable spraying mechanisms whose positions and angles change relative to the plants. This can increase the effective area of ​​a single spraying mechanism in the aeroponic device. However, the device must be equipped with nutrient solution supply pipelines that can move with the spraying mechanisms. During the movement of the pipeline structure, it is easy for it to interfere with other supporting structures or equipment, and even lead to adverse consequences such as pipeline entanglement and structural damage. In addition, setting up a movable spraying structure can only improve the aerosol conditions received by the crop, but cannot simultaneously improve the light conditions.

[0005] For example, patent CN103563679B provides an automated seedling bed. This patent's technical solution combines an aeroponic device with a continuous conveyor structure. The height-varying chain-like circulating conveyor structure can adjust the position and angle of the plants receiving nutrients such as light and mist, thus forming a movable planting structure that fully utilizes vertical space. However, the supporting mechanism used to carry the plants and move relative to the light source or aeroponic device with the conveyor structure is a discontinuous structure. This allows the mist to diffuse throughout the entire cultivation space, making it impossible for the automated seedling bed to effectively limit the effective range of aeroponic cultivation. This results in decreased mist density or mist waste. Furthermore, the mist diffused into the area where the plants are exposed to light can obstruct and scatter light, weakening both the aeroponic and light-based cultivation effects to varying degrees.

[0006] Based on the above analysis, in the existing technical solutions for planting and cultivation using aeroponics devices that combine modular zoning, movable structures, or vertical structures, the cultivation space is adaptively divided into several functional areas for aeroponics, light application, intervention control, and continuous cultivation, as needed for cultivation. However, the zoning structures used to separate functional areas in the existing technology are mostly fixed or spaced out. The zoning structure cannot simultaneously meet the needs of moving the plant relative to the light source / aeroponics device and effectively isolating functional areas to avoid mutual interference.

[0007] Especially for cultivation beds suitable for soilless cultivation in plant factories, which require sowing, cultivation, intervention, and harvesting within a limited space according to the cultivation stage, it is of great significance to overcome the shortcomings of existing technical solutions and construct cultivation devices that meet the above requirements through partitioned structure settings to improve cultivation quality and economic efficiency.

[0008] Furthermore, on the one hand, there are differences in understanding among those skilled in the art; on the other hand, the inventors studied a large number of documents and patents when making this invention, but due to space limitations, not all details and contents were listed in detail. However, this does not mean that the present invention does not possess the features of these prior art. On the contrary, the present invention already possesses all the features of the prior art, and the applicant reserves the right to add relevant prior art to the background art. Summary of the Invention

[0009] To address at least some of the shortcomings of existing technologies, this application provides a modular crop cultivation bed, comprising: a cultivation module for arranging plants and carrying them for movement; and a cultivation space for arranging the cultivation module and being divided into several functional spaces or functional areas; wherein the cultivation module is equipped with a conveyor track for carrying the plants for movement, and the cultivation space is divided by the conveyor track of the cultivation module into functional spaces for at least the leaf area and the root area of ​​the plant respectively, while the conveyor track, as a dividing structure, can carry the plants to move between several functional areas arranged along the movement direction in the cultivation space, so that the leaf area and the root area of ​​the plant can respectively undergo a combination of linear and rotational movements relative to the light source and the aeroponic device.

[0010] To address the problem in existing aeroponic devices that combine movable and partitioned structures, where the partitioned structure cannot be adjusted or support the movement of plants relative to the light source or aeroponic device, this application sets the partitioned structure used to separate functional spaces or functional areas as a movable and adjustable conveyor structure. The conveyor structure vertically divides the cultivation space used to arrange plants into functional spaces for the plant root zone and leaf zone respectively, allowing the corresponding light source and aeroponic device to set specific conditions for the plant leaf zone and root zone to avoid cross-influence, such as avoiding the adverse effects of mist diffusion on plant light.

[0011] Therefore, the conveyor structure, which also serves as a partition, can carry plants in a combination of linear and rotational movements. The linear movement can be a movement along a fixed axis determined by the distance between the lighting device and the aeroponic planting. The rotational movement can be a circumferential rotation around the lighting device and the aeroponic planting. This allows the plants moving along the conveyor track to change the light and mist conditions they receive by varying the distance and angle relative to the lighting device and the aeroponic planting. In addition, the combination of linear and rotational movements can be set as periodic movements, allowing the leaf and root zones of the plants to receive periodically changing light and mist conditions respectively. This improves the unevenness of light and mist nutrient conditions received by fixed plants in time and space, and provides a simple, functionally defined, and nutritionally balanced and controllable mobile crop cultivation bed for crop cultivation.

[0012] Preferably, the transport track of the cultivation module includes several transport shafts positioned at a first height and a second height of the cultivation space, such that a transport frame connecting the several transport shafts forms an undulating track extending longitudinally towards the cultivation space. The transport frame is configured with a stationary part for connecting the transport shafts and a movable part for carrying plants. When the several transport shafts are connected to a power device, the transport shafts can drive the movable part of the transport frame to move in a wave-like motion relative to the stationary part along the undulating track. The movable part of the transport frame is configured with planting areas arranged at intervals for arranging plants and connecting areas arranged between adjacent planting areas and movably connected relative to the planting areas. During the wave-like motion of the plants along the transport track, the planting areas rotate relative to the connecting areas while maintaining a horizontal state, forming a stepped motion along the transport track.

[0013] Preferably, the cultivation space is configured as a first space and a second space on the side closer to the plant leaf area and the side closer to the plant root area, respectively, wherein the first space and the second space are used to arrange the lighting device and the aeroponic device for the plant leaf area and the plant root area, respectively.

[0014] To reduce the space occupied by the internal structure of the cultivation bed and leave more space for the cultivation of crop plants, and to reduce the probability of interference between the functional zone partition structure and the conveying structure that carries the plants, this application sets the conveying structure as a partition structure for the functional zones. While the plants follow the conveying structure to ensure that the leaf area and root area of ​​the plants receive uniform light and mist conditions respectively, the conveying structure, as a partition structure, can also effectively ensure the independence of the light and mist conditions in the affected space. That is, the mist will be blocked by the partition structure and will not diffuse in large quantities into the space where the light conditions are applied. This can prevent the mist from spreading and affecting the irradiation quality of the lighting device applied to the leaf area of ​​the plants, and also prevent the water vapor generated by the mist from affecting the equipment and circuits of the lighting device. While ensuring the quality of light, it can also improve the service life of the equipment.

[0015] Furthermore, the conveyor track of the conveyor structure is designed as a stepped structure with undulating motion relative to the lighting device and aeroponic cultivation. Compared to a separate hanging basket structure, the continuous stepped structure can more effectively separate the functional spaces acting on the plant's leaf area and the plant's root area. Especially when the aerosol jet applied by the aerosol device towards the plant's root area has inertia, the aerosol jet generated by the nutrient solution can easily pass through the gaps in the partition structure and disperse in the functional space where the plant's leaf area is located, thereby blocking light or corroding the equipment. The continuous partition structure also ensures that the aerosol is concentrated in the functional space where the plant's root area is located, increasing the concentration of the aerosol effect and improving the efficiency of the interaction between the aerosol and the plant's root area.

[0016] Preferably, the cultivation space is longitudinally divided into functional areas including at least an operation area and a cultivation area. The cultivation area uses a conveyor track to carry plants in a reciprocating motion to achieve plant growth and cultivation. The operation area uses a conveyor track to carry plants between the operation area and the cultivation area for planting, harvesting, and intervention operations. The cultivation space is longitudinally divided into several functional areas, corresponding to the stages of plant sowing, cultivation, and harvesting intervention. This allows the conveyor structure of this application to carry plants within these functional areas to perform corresponding functional operations. The functional areas are not physically separated but are divided only according to the different functional operations, allowing the conveyor structure to move periodically or be triggered as needed. The triggering conditions can be set based on collected information or manually set based on empirical data.

[0017] Preferably, with the plants arranged on the transport track of the cultivation module and the leaf and root regions of the plants positioned vertically on opposite sides of the transport track, the cultivation space is divided into an upper half for accommodating the leaf region and a lower half for accommodating the root region by the transport track. The transport track of the cultivation module forms first and second units facing the upper and lower half of the cultivation space respectively through an undulating track, such that the transport track is composed of several first units or several second units. The upper half is the functional space corresponding to the leaf region, and the lower half is the functional space corresponding to the root region. This ensures the relative independence of light and mist effects in the upper and lower half through the isolation provided by the transport track, especially preventing mist generated in the lower half from diffusing into the upper half and blocking light. Since the transport structure is set as an undulating transport track, the transport track can be divided into several modular structures facing the upper and lower half respectively. The modular structures have the same structural shape and similar operating modes, allowing several modular structures to be correspondingly equipped with light and mist structures.

[0018] Preferably, the first space for arranging the lighting device is provided with corresponding light sources for a plurality of first units, wherein the light sources are aligned with the central axis of the corresponding first unit in the longitudinal direction of the cultivation space. During the wave-like movement of the plants in the first unit via the conveyor track, the wave-like movement can be decomposed into linear movement of the plants along the longitudinal direction of the cultivation space and rotational movement of the plants relative to the light sources. The aeroponic device for providing mist-like nutrient solution to the plants is provided with corresponding aerosol units for a plurality of second units, wherein the aerosol units are aligned with the central axis of the corresponding second unit in the longitudinal direction of the cultivation space, allowing the aerosol units to provide mist and jets to the second units via a plurality of nozzles arranged circumferentially. The first space corresponds to the upper half of the area for accommodating the plant leaf zone, and the second space corresponds to the lower half of the area for accommodating the plant root zone, such that a plurality of light sources for the lighting structure are arranged in the first space, and a plurality of aerosol units for the aeroponic structure are arranged in the second space. Preferably, the aerosol unit has several sets of nozzles arranged laterally along the cultivation space. Each set of nozzles is arranged around the circumference of the aerosol unit, so that the ejection direction of each set of nozzles can cover the spatial angle range of the second unit relative to the aerosol unit. The nozzles of adjacent sets are staggered in the circumference of the aerosol unit, so that the aerosol and jet ejected from the several sets of nozzles arranged laterally along the cultivation space can act on the second unit corresponding to the aerosol unit in a spiral spray manner.

[0019] Preferably, the cultivation space has a third space on both sides for arranging the power unit. The third space has a track on the side closest to the cultivation space to constrain the cleaner, allowing the cleaner to move back and forth longitudinally along the cultivation space to clean plant tissue residue collected at the bottom of the cultivation space. The second space includes a preparation area and a recovery area, allowing the recoverer to perform solid-liquid separation on the tissue residue recovered by the cleaner to recycle the cleaning liquid. The preparation area is connected to the aerosol unit via a pipeline. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a longitudinal structural diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the transverse structure of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] List of reference numerals

[0024] 100: Cultivation space; 101: Operation area; 102: Cultivation area; 103: Backup area; 200: First space; 201: Light source; 202: Sensor; 300: Second space; 301: Configuration area; 302: Recycling area; 303: Aerosol unit; 400: Third space; 401: Cleaner; 500: Cultivation module; 501: Conveyor track; 5011: Conveyor shaft; 5012: Conveyor frame; 502: Planting area; 503: Connection area; 504: First unit; 505: Second unit. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0026] This application proposes a modular crop cultivation bed. Addressing the problem that most existing cultivation beds employ fixed, partitioned structures, leading to insufficient light and mist diffusion for plants, this application replaces the fixed partitioned structure with a movable, adjustable conveyor structure. This movable conveyor structure allows the plants to move relative to the light source 201 or the misting device, ensuring uniform access to light, mist, and other nutrients. Furthermore, the movable conveyor structure not only divides the cultivation bed into several independent functional spaces but also allows for adjustments to the connection status of these functional areas at different planting stages, such as planting, harvesting, or cleaning. The conveyor structure can work in conjunction with the misting device and lighting structure to meet the functional needs of the plants at each stage of the cultivation bed.

[0027] like Figure 1As shown, to effectively improve space utilization in a factory-style planting model, the modular cultivation bed of this application has a cultivation space 100 in the middle for arranging plants and supporting structures. The cultivation space 100 can be configured as a rectangular space with vertical, longitudinal, and transverse dimensions according to the needs of plant arrangement and activity. The vertical dimension refers to the height of the cultivation space 100, the longitudinal dimension refers to the length of the cultivation space 100, and the transverse dimension refers to the width of the cultivation space 100. A first space 200 is provided on the side of the cultivation space 100 closest to the plant's leaf area, and a second space 300 is provided on the side of the cultivation space 100 closest to the plant's root area. That is, the first space 200 and the second space 300 are respectively placed on the vertical sides of the cultivation space 100. Depending on the arrangement direction of the plants in the cultivation space 100, the first space 200 can be used to arrange a light source 201, so that the light source 201 can cover the plant's leaf area and provide different light conditions for different growth stages of the plants by adjusting the parameters of the light source 201. The first space 200 can also be equipped with sensors 202 to monitor plant growth, taking advantage of its field of view. Sensors 202 can collect image information, temperature information, air parameters, etc., to provide feedback on plant growth and environmental conditions. The second space 300 is used to arrange aeroponic auxiliary structures, so that the aeroponic structure arranged in the cultivation space 100 can output the aeroponics required by the plant at its current growth stage to act on the plant root zone. The second space 300 can also be equipped with a corresponding recycling and cleaning device, which can clean up plant residues that have fallen to the bottom of the cultivation space 100 and recover the nutrient solution for reprocessing and reuse.

[0028] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, a cultivation module 500 capable of carrying plants for movement is arranged within the cultivation space 100. The cultivation module 500 can carry the plants and move them along at least one direction (longitudinal, transverse, and vertical) within the cultivation space 100 via a moving structure. This allows the plants to undergo a combination of linear and circumferential movement relative to the lighting device and the misting structure. Under this combined movement, the plants can obtain more uniform nutrient conditions by utilizing changes in the angles of light and mist. Specifically, the cultivation module 500 is equipped with a conveyor track 501 for carrying the plants. The conveyor track 501 includes a conveyor shaft 5011 and a conveyor frame 5012 arranged on the conveyor shaft 5011. The conveyor frame 5012 has a stationary part that is stationary relative to the cultivation space 100 and a movable part that moves relative to the cultivation space 100. This allows the stationary part of the conveyor frame 5012 to support the movable part carrying the plants, enabling movement relative to the stationary part. The cultivation space 100 is provided with several transmission shafts 5011 extending laterally along the first and second heights, respectively. These transmission shafts 5011 support the stationary portion of the transmission frame 5012, forming an undulating track foundation. Driven by a power device, some of the transmission shafts 5011 connected to the power device transmit force to the moving portion, driving the moving portion of the transmission frame 5012 to move relative to the stationary portion along the track foundation formed by the stationary portion. The remaining transmission shafts not connected to the power device act as driven shafts, thus forming a combined structure between the transmission shafts 5011 and the transmission frame 5012 to create a transmission track 501 that carries the plants in an undulating motion. Figure 3 As shown, to ensure the functional stability of the power device driving the conveyor track 501, the power device is arranged in the third space 400, which is distributed on both sides of the culture space 100, so that the power device can at least be connected to a part of the conveyor shaft 5011 of the conveyor track 501 to provide power to drive the conveyor track 501 to move. The power device can be a mechanical device driven by electricity or chemical fuel, such as a combination of an electric motor and a gearbox to form a power device that can control the motion parameters of the conveyor track 501. Since the tissue residue or waste generated during the plant growth stage will accumulate at the bottom of the cultivation space 100, and the condensed and dripping nutrient solution further aggravates the viscosity and humidity of the waste at the bottom of the cultivation space 100, if it is not cleaned in time, it will cause environmental deterioration of the cultivation space 100. Therefore, this application provides a cleaner 401 for cleaning tissue residue and waste at the bottom of the cultivation space 100. The cleaner 401 moves back and forth along the longitudinal direction of the cultivation space 100 by means of a track arranged along the side of the cultivation space 100. The cleaner 401 is driven by a power device arranged in the third space 400, so that the cleaner 401 can carry cleaning tools such as brushes and rags to clean the bottom of the cultivation space 100 and avoid the accumulation of tissue residue and waste.

[0029] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, to achieve effective spatial division of the cultivation space 100 by the cultivation module 500 of this application, the cultivation space 100 is divided longitudinally into an operation area 101, a cultivation area 102, and a spare area 103 through the functional partitioning of the cultivation module 500. The operation area 101, located at one end of the longitudinal direction of the cultivation space 100, mainly functions in the planting or harvesting process on the cultivation bed. Compared to stacked, fixed multi-layer cultivation beds, the arrangement of the cultivation bed in this application, which uses a conveyor track 501 to carry the plants, allows for dynamic adjustment of plant planting and harvesting, avoiding the need to disassemble and reassemble the cultivation bed. The spare area 103, located at the other end of the cultivation space 100, mainly serves as a spare area for adaptive adjustment of the conveyor track 501, allowing the spare area 103 to expand the range of plant movement during maintenance or adjustment of motion parameters. The cultivation area 102, located between the operation area 101 and the standby area 103, serves as the main space for aeroponic cultivation of plants. The plants move back and forth relative to the light source 201 and the mist unit 303 via the undulating conveyor track 501, thereby simulating the process of plants receiving light and mist from all directions to ensure the uniformity of nutrient conditions received by the plants.

[0030] Specifically, the conveyor track 501 arranged in the operating area 101 can be arranged with a straight section and an inclined section. The conveyor track 501 of the operating area 101 includes a conveyor shaft 5011 and a stationary part of a conveyor frame 5012, so that the movable part of the conveyor frame 5012 carrying the plant can move along the conveyor track 501 of the operating area 101 from the inclined section to the straight section. The cultivation area 102 is composed of several conveyor shafts 5011 and several inclined sections, so that the cultivation module 500 of the cultivation area 102 forms several first units 504 opening towards the first space 200 and second units 505 opening towards the second space 300, respectively. The conveyor track 501 of the spare area 103 includes an inclined section, which is equipped with a conveyor shaft 5011 and a stationary part of a conveyor frame 5012, so that the movable part of the conveyor frame 5012 carrying the plant can move from the cultivation area 102 to the inclined section of the spare area 103 to expand the range of motion of the conveyor track 501 of the cultivation area 102. The operation area 101 and the cultivation area 102 form an interconnected structure, allowing plants to be moved from the cultivation area 102 to the operation area 101 for planting or harvesting during the harvesting or planting stage. The operation area 101 can be connected to external machinery, which can transport the prepared plant seedlings or seeds along the conveyor track 501 of the operation area 101 to the conveyor track 501 of the cultivation area 102. External machinery can also be used to receive the plants transported from the cultivation area 102 to the operation area 101 via the conveyor track 501 for harvesting or chemical treatment. This allows for the batch planting and harvesting of plants by adjusting the movement of the conveyor track 501 in different functional areas of the cultivation space 100, avoiding the increased workload and labor costs of disassembling and assembling the cultivation space 100. Based on the automation of planting, this significantly improves the planting efficiency of the cultivation bed of this application.

[0031] Preferably, to ensure that the conveyor track 501 can adapt to horizontal and inclined movements, the structure arranged in the movable part of the conveyor frame 5012 of the conveyor track 501 includes planting areas 502 arranged at intervals for arranging plants and connecting areas 503 arranged between adjacent planting areas 502. During the movement of the plants through the conveyor track 501, the arrangement surface of the planting area 502 carrying the plants remains horizontal. To ensure that the planting area 502 can adapt to inclined and horizontal movements, the arrangement surface of the connecting area 503 remains horizontal in the horizontal section and vertical in the inclined section, so that the planting area 502 and the connecting area 503 form a stepped structure in the inclined section and place the leaf area and root area of ​​the plant on both sides of the stepped structure in the vertical direction, facing the first space 200 and the second space 300 respectively. Both the planting area 502 and the connecting area 503 can be disassembled and assembled relative to the conveyor frame 5012 of the conveyor track 501. For example, the planting area 502 and the connecting area 503 are engaged in several rectangular frames formed by the movable part of the conveyor frame 5012. Adjacent rectangular frames of the conveyor frame 5012 are connected by hinges, allowing the adjacent rectangular frames to rotate relative to each other and causing the planting area 502 and the connecting area 503 to change their relative angle. Thus, the movable part supporting the planting area 502 and the connecting area 503 can adapt to the movement of the conveyor track 501 between the inclined section and the horizontal section. In the inclined section, the connecting area 503 can ensure the effective connection of the planting area 502 to form a continuous structure supporting the movement of the plant. However, setting up a single planting area 502 will cause the arrangement surface of the planting area 502 to follow the inclined section, resulting in the plant being arranged at an angle in the inclined section, which will affect the normal growth of the plant. Especially for plant varieties with insufficient root and stem strength, the angled arrangement of the plant will cause the plant root and stem to bend and develop abnormally, affecting the plant's morphology and production efficiency. In the horizontal section, the connecting area 503 can serve as an intermittent operating space for the planting area 502. Especially during the planting and harvesting process in the operating area 101, the connecting area 503 is configured to provide an interposition operating space for the interaction between the automatic seeding or automatic harvesting equipment and the planting area 502, which can avoid damage to the appearance of the plants and improve operating efficiency.

[0032] like Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, to achieve effective spatial division of the cultivation space 100 by the cultivation module 500 according to the plant arrangement characteristics, the cultivation module 500, which is undulating between the first and second vertical heights of the cultivation space 100, divides the cultivation space 100 into the upper half containing the plant leaf area and the lower half containing the plant root area through the conveyor track 501. For the conveyor track 501 located in the cultivation area 102, the conveyor frame 5012 is connected to the adjacently arranged conveyor shafts 5011 to form a conveyor track 501 composed of several V-shaped first units 504 or several inverted V-shaped second units 505. For the V-shaped first unit 504, its opening direction faces the first space 200, and for the inverted V-shaped second unit 505, its opening direction faces the second space 300. During the process of the plant moving back and forth in the cultivation area 102 of the cultivation space 100 via the conveyor track 501, the area in which the plant moves back and forth along the conveyor track 501 is one or more first units 504 or second units 505. That is, the plant located at the edge of the conveyor track 501 moves along one or more V-shaped structures on one longitudinal side of the conveyor track 501, and then moves to the other longitudinal side of the conveyor track 501 with the same number of V-shaped structures, so that the plant moves back and forth within the range of the conveyor track 501 corresponding to several first units 504 or second units 505.

[0033] Preferably, to fully utilize the longitudinal space of the cultivation area 102, the range of the plant's reciprocating movement is the range of the conveyor track 501 corresponding to a single first unit 504. Therefore, during the reciprocating movement, redundant spaces within the track range corresponding to a single first unit 504 alternately exist on both sides of the longitudinal direction of the cultivation area 102 to serve as the activity range for the plant's reciprocating movement within the cultivation area 102. For a plant at a specific location, during one reciprocating movement following the conveyor track 501, the leaf and root regions of the plant travel along the conveyor track 501 within the reciprocating range of a single first unit 504 or the second corresponding unit, resulting in a combined movement of linear and circumferential motion relative to the first space 200 and the second space 300, respectively.

[0034] Preferably, for the leaf area of ​​the plant, the first space 200 corresponds to the first unit 504 of the cultivation module 500, where a corresponding light source 201 is arranged. The light source 201 extends vertically along the cultivation space 100 to form a light-emitting structure arranged on the central axis of the first unit 504. In the horizontal direction of the cultivation space 100, several light sources 201 are arranged side by side to form a light source array arranged in the horizontal direction to cover the range of the first unit 504 extending in the horizontal direction. During the reciprocating movement of the plant, the plant located at the end of the first unit 504 descends and then ascends along the V-shaped conveyor track 501, causing the plant to move linearly along the cultivation space 100 and rotate relative to the light source 201 corresponding to the first unit 504. The plant serves as the main irradiation surface of the light source 201 on both sides in the longitudinal direction to simulate the rotational irradiation process of the sun relative to the plant in its natural state. Compared with the scheme in the prior art where the light source 201 moves around the plant, this application treats the light source 201 as a stationary structure, which can reduce the complexity of the circuit layout of the light source 201 and avoid the instability factors of the light source 201 during the moving irradiation process. This allows the cultivation bed of this application to effectively simulate natural sunlight while ensuring the applicability and stability of the lighting function by means of functional zoning and the stationary setting of the light source 201. Meanwhile, the vertically extending structure of the light source reduces the variation in illumination distance caused by the plant moving to different positions in the first unit 504. The luminous intensity of the light source 201 at corresponding angles towards different positions in the first unit 504 can also be correlated with the direct illumination distance to improve illumination uniformity at different illumination distances, or to ensure a regular variation in the intensity of light received at different positions in the first unit 504. For example, the luminous intensity at a corresponding angle of the light source 201 is proportional to the illumination distance at that location, ensuring consistent light intensity received at different positions in the first unit 504.

[0035] Preferably, for the root zone of the plant, the second space 300 is correspondingly provided with a functional container and a spraying device for realizing aeroponics. The second space 300 includes a preparation area 301 for preparing nutrient solution and a recovery area 302 arranged at both ends of the preparation area 301 for recovering the aerosol from the cultivation space 100. The recovery area 302 can separate the tissue waste and nutrient solution gathered by the cleaner 401, so as to obtain solid waste that can be used for composting and nutrient solution for recycling. The recovered nutrient solution is recycled back into the preparation area 301 for reuse after being filtered and impurity removed. The nutrient solution in the preparation area 301 is transported through a pipeline to the aerosol unit 303 located in the lower half of the cultivation space 100, so that the aerosol unit 303 can cooperate with the conveyor track 501 to provide aerosol and jet with varying angles of action to the root zone of the plant. For example, the aerosol units 303 are configured to correspond to the second unit 505 of the cultivation module 500, such that several aerosol units 303 extending laterally along the cultivation space 100 can be placed within the inverted V-shaped space of the second unit 505. The aerosol units 303 are connected to the configuration area 301 located in the second space 300 via pipes, enabling the aerosol units 303 to provide aerosols and jets to the root zone of the plants in the second unit 505 through the aerosol generating structure. During the reciprocating movement of the plant root zone in the second unit 505 via the conveyor track 501, the aerosol units 303 can simultaneously or selectively provide aerosols and jets to the plant roots in the second unit 505, ensuring that the exit direction of the aerosols and jets at least covers the spatial range of the second unit 505 relative to the aerosol units 303. To fully utilize the diffusion characteristics of the aerosols, the aerosol units 303 are configured with several nozzles laterally along the cultivation space 100, such that the nozzles are arranged at lateral intervals in a manner that allows the aerosols to be sprayed radially along the aerosol units 303. For example, the aerosol unit 303 has several sets of nozzles arranged laterally along the spray path. Each set of nozzles is arranged around the circumference of the aerosol unit 303, so that the ejection direction of each set of nozzles can cover the spatial range of the second unit 505 relative to the aerosol unit 303. The nozzles of adjacent sets are staggered around the aerosol unit 303, so that the aerosol and jet of the several sets of nozzles arranged laterally can form a spiral spray around the aerosol unit 303 to fully cover the plant root zone of the second unit 505 extending laterally.

[0036] To improve the coverage efficiency of the aerosol and jet provided by the aerosol unit 303 on the plant root zone, the aerosol and jet emitted from each set of nozzles of the aerosol unit 303 diffuse along the emission direction and, through the combined effect of each set of nozzles, cover the lateral range of the second unit 505 corresponding to the range of the aerosol unit 303 containing that set of nozzles. This avoids excessively high aerosol concentration in the local plant root zone caused by the cross-covering effect of adjacent nozzles in the lateral direction. Furthermore, the number of aerosol units 303 arranged laterally can be controlled by setting the nozzle diffusion degree, thereby providing precisely controlled nutrient conditions to the root zone. To improve the contact efficiency between the aerosol and jet provided by the aerosol unit 303 and the plant root zone, it is necessary to disperse the plant root zone through external interference to increase the contact area between the plant root zone and the aerosol, preventing the plant root zone from becoming externally moist and internally dry. Specifically, the nozzle of the aerosol unit 303 includes a first nozzle for generating aerosol and a second nozzle for generating jet. The first nozzle and the second nozzle are arranged at intervals in each group of nozzles in the aerosol unit 303, so that the aerosol generated by the first nozzle can provide sufficient nutrition to the plant root zone, while the jet generated by the second nozzle can use external force to disperse the plant root zone, thereby expanding the contact area between the plant root zone and the aerosol and improving the phenomenon of plant root zone knotting and tangling.

[0037] During the reciprocating motion of the plant in the second unit 505 following the conveyor track 501, since the planting area 502 remains horizontal, the root zone of the plant remains vertically distributed towards the second space 300 under the action of gravity. As the root zone of the plant moves from one end of the second unit 505 to the other end following the conveyor track 501, the areas on both sides of the plant root zone alternately receive the mist and jet generated by the mist unit 303. This allows the mist and jet generated by the mist unit 303 to act on the plant root zone from different directions and angles. Compared with the scheme of mist in a single direction or mist unit 303 moving around the plant root zone, the arrangement of this application can significantly reduce the difficulty of arranging the mist unit 303 and connecting pipes, and the angle at which the plant root zone receives the mist and jet is more diversified, which can significantly improve the efficiency of the plant root zone in absorbing mist and improve the vertical distribution state of the plant root zone.

[0038] Preferably, when the plants are carried in an undulating reciprocating motion on the conveyor track 501 of the cultivation module 500 for aeroponics, the light source 201 and the misting unit 303 provide different light and misting parameters to the first unit 504 and the second unit 505 plants based on the angular range of the first unit 504 and the second unit 505 plants relative to the light source 201 and the misting unit 303. The light parameters include light intensity, spectral structure, and light cycle; the misting parameters include spray flow rate, spray speed, spray frequency, and the ratio of mist to jet. That is, the action mode of the light source 201 and the misting unit 303 on the plant leaf area and the plant root area is set according to the angular changes of the plant leaf area relative to the light source 201 and the plant root area relative to the misting unit 303.

[0039] For the leaf area of ​​the plant in the first unit 504, the angle range of the leaf area of ​​the plant in the first unit 504 relative to the light source 201 is divided into several sub-ranges and several range nodes. For example, when the lower end height of the light source 201 is the same as the height of the upper transmission shaft 5011, the angle range of the plant in the first unit 504 relative to the light source 201 is 180 degrees; when the lower end height of the light source 201 is between the upper transmission shaft 5011 and the lower transmission shaft 5011, the angle range of the plant in the first unit 504 relative to the light source 201 is between 180 degrees and 360 degrees. The light source 201 can move vertically relative to the first unit 504, so that the height of the light source 201 can be adjusted according to the growth stage or variety of the plant. When the plant is in the seedling stage, the height of the light source 201 is lower to reduce the distance between the light source 201 and the plant. By adjusting the light distance, sufficient light can be provided to the plant at a lower energy consumption level. When the plant is taller, the height of the light source 201 is higher to adapt to the change in irradiation distance caused by the increase in the height of the plant's canopy.

[0040] To enhance the targeted illumination of plants by the light source 201, the angle of the plant leaf area relative to the light source 201 is divided into at least a first illumination range, a second illumination range, and a third illumination range. The light source 201 employs different light intensities and / or spectral structures for the first to third illumination ranges, so that the first to third illumination ranges can provide targeted side illumination or top canopy illumination for different plant varieties. For example, when the angle range is 0-180 degrees, the first irradiation range is 0-80 degrees, the second irradiation range is 80-100 degrees, and the third irradiation range is 100-180 degrees. The first and third irradiation ranges are mainly for plants located on the side of the first unit, where the plant receives mainly side and top light. The second irradiation range is mainly for plants located at the bottom of the first unit, where the plant receives mainly top light. For plants primarily focused on cultivating leaf crowns, the light source sets corresponding light intensity and spectral structure in the first and third irradiation ranges to promote leaf crown expansion and provides a spectral structure in the second irradiation range that inhibits apical dominance. For plants primarily focused on cultivating stems, the light source 201 sets corresponding light intensity and spectral structure in the first and third irradiation ranges to promote stem elongation and provides a spectral structure in the second irradiation range that stimulates apical dominance. Thus, the light intensity and spectral structure from the first to the third irradiation ranges are specifically set according to the plant's production stage and cultivation goals to increase the effective yield of the target plant parts.

[0041] For the plant root zone in the second unit 505, to improve the effect of the aerosol unit 303 on plant root zones at different relative angles or at continuous action distances, the nozzles of the aerosol unit 303 are equipped with different aerosol parameters for plant root zones at different angles. These aerosol parameters may include spray flow rate, spray velocity, spray frequency, and aerosol to jet ratio. To reduce the deviation in the action distance of the aerosol unit 303 on the plant root zone within the second unit 505, the aerosol unit 505 is positioned between the upper and lower conveyor shafts 5011, for example, at a position between 1 / 3 and 1 / 2 of the height interval between the upper and lower conveyor shafts 5011. To enhance the effect of the aerosol unit 303 on the plant root zone, the angle range of the plant root zone in the second unit 505 relative to the aerosol unit 303 is divided into several sub-ranges, and the aerosol parameters of the nozzles of the aerosol unit 303 acting on these sub-ranges are specifically set. For example, the angle between the plant root zone of the second unit 505 and the aerosol unit 303 ranges from -45 to 225 degrees. The range of -45 to 0 degrees is divided into the first effective range, 0 to 45 degrees and 135 to 180 degrees into the second effective range, 45 to 135 degrees into the third effective range, and 180 to 225 degrees into the fourth effective range. For the first and fourth effective ranges, the plant root zone is farther from the aerosol unit, and the direction of action forms an acute angle with the downward direction of the root zone. Therefore, the nozzles of the aerosol unit 303 corresponding to the first and fourth effective ranges need to have their aerosol parameters adjusted, for example, by increasing the spray flow rate and spray speed. For the second effective range, where the plant root zone is relatively close and the direction of action is at an obtuse angle to the downward direction of the plant root zone, the aerosol unit 303 adjusts the aerosol parameters corresponding to the nozzle of the second range. For example, it can reduce the spray flow rate and spray speed to increase the proportion of aerosol action and avoid damage to the plant root zone from direct jet action at close range. For the third effective range, where the plant root zone is relatively far away and the direction of action is at an obtuse angle to the downward direction of the plant root zone, the aerosol unit 303 can adjust the aerosol parameters corresponding to the nozzle of the third range to obtain the action angle from the bottom of the plant root zone, which can effectively improve the problem of uneven moisture or dryness in the plant root zone.

[0042] Preferably, the sensor 202, located in the cultivation space 100, obtains characteristic image information about the abnormal state of the plant through plant images. The compensator, also located in the cultivation space 100, moves to the spatial position corresponding to the characteristic image information by cruising or triggering movement at least part of the spatial position within the cultivation space 100, enabling the compensator to provide compensation or intervention for the plant corresponding to the characteristic image information. The compensator can move back and forth along the longitudinal direction of the cultivation space 100, allowing it to function as a light supplement device or a mist supplement device to compensate for the irradiation dead angles generated by the fixed light source 201 and the misting dead angles generated by the misting unit 303, such as the plant leaf area and plant root area carried by the conveyor track 501 located at the position of the conveyor shaft 5011. Irradiation blind spots or aerosol blind spots often lead to abnormal plant morphology or localized lesions. Fixed light sources and aerosol units are difficult to provide targeted compensation or intervention. Compensation can include providing additional light compensation or nutrient solution aerosol compensation. Intervention involves adding corresponding light to treat lesions or adding substances to treat lesions to the nutrient solution aerosol. Sensors 202 in the cultivation bed can be set in the upper and lower halves of the cultivation space 100 to monitor plant status. They can obtain the special status of plants in local locations based on image information, such as abnormal plant color or pathological characteristics, and identify them as image feature information. To reduce the workload of intervention operations on plants in the operation area 101, the compensator can provide corresponding compensation or intervention for the leaf or root areas of plants in local locations through the light device and aerosol structure to overcome uneven nutrition or lesions. The compensator can achieve flexible compensation for the leaf and root areas of plants in local locations of the cultivation module 500 through various movement modes of the cultivation space 100. Specifically, the compensator is configured with a first movement mode in the cultivation space 100. In the first movement mode, the compensator cruises within the cultivation space 100, ensuring that its movement range covers at least the cultivation area 102 used for aeroponics within the cultivation space 100. The frequency of the cruise movement can be set, allowing the compensator to periodically move within the cultivation space 100 and perform compensation or intervention on local plant leaf and root areas in the cultivation area 102 based on the image feature information of the sensor 202 and the information interaction between the sensor 202 and the compensator. This movement mode can comprehensively cover the cultivation module through cruise movement, and can move to the location requiring treatment in a timely and accurate manner based on the feature image information of the sensor. It can periodically provide compensation for dead-end locations and can also treat diseased plants in a timely manner to control the spread of disease.The compensator is configured with a second movement mode in the cultivation space. In the second movement mode, the compensator can be configured to move based on the image information of the sensor 202. When the sensor 202 obtains image feature information of the plant leaf area or plant root area including morphology or disease, the compensator can obtain the specific location that needs compensation or intervention through information interaction with the sensor 202. This allows the compensator to move from the initial position to the position corresponding to the image feature information and perform compensation or intervention on the plant root area or leaf area. This mode can achieve targeted movement of the compensator through the trigger movement of the compensator, avoid useless energy consumption of the compensator during cruise movement, and also reduce the structural wear of the compensator to improve its service life.

[0043] Preferably, in order to improve the utilization efficiency of the nutrient solution applied to the root zone of the plant, the connecting surface and the planting surface facing the second space 300 are provided with a textured structure that can collect aerosol condensation droplets in the root zone of the plant. For the inclined section of the cultivation module 500, the connecting area 503 is in a vertical state while the planting area 502 is in a horizontal state. The first groove in the connecting area 503 is arranged vertically, so that the droplets condensed in the connecting area 503 can flow to the planting area 502 along the vertically arranged first groove. The second groove in the planting area 502 is arranged in a way that converges towards the center of the plant root zone in a local area around the plant root zone. The planting area 502 where the plant root zone is located is the lowest point in the local area, so that the droplets condensed in the local area of ​​the planting surface and some droplets collected by the connecting surface can converge to the planting area 502 where the plant root zone is located to moisten the plant root zone. The droplets contact or drip onto the plant root zone under the action of gravity, thereby improving the utilization efficiency of the nutrient solution in the plant root zone and avoiding the waste of nutrient solution caused by the condensed droplets dripping directly onto the bottom of the cultivation space 100.

[0044] It should be noted that the specific embodiments described above are exemplary, and those skilled in the art can devise various solutions inspired by the disclosure of this invention. These solutions all fall within the scope of this invention and its protection. Those skilled in the art should understand that this specification and its accompanying drawings are illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of the claims. The scope of protection of this invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A modular crop cultivation bed, characterized in that, include: A cultivation module used to arrange plants and support their reciprocating movement; A culture space used to arrange culture modules and divided into several functional spaces or functional areas; The cultivation module is equipped with a conveyor track that carries the plants for movement. When the cultivation space is divided into functional spaces for the plant leaf area and the plant root area by the transport track of the cultivation module, the transport track, which serves as the dividing structure, carries the plant to move between several functional areas arranged along the direction of movement in the cultivation space. This causes the plant leaf area and the plant root area to undergo a combination of linear and rotational movements relative to the light source and the aeroponic device, respectively. The conveyor track is configured with planting areas spaced apart for arranging plants and connecting areas arranged between adjacent planting areas. The arrangement surfaces of the planting areas remain horizontal, while the arrangement surfaces of the connecting areas remain horizontal in the horizontal sections and vertical in the inclined sections. This creates a stepped structure between the planting areas and the connecting areas in the inclined sections, placing the leaf and root regions of the plants on either side of the stepped structure, facing the first and second spaces respectively. The aeroponic device for providing mist-like nutrient solution to the plants has corresponding misting units for several second units, and the first space for arranging the lighting device has corresponding light sources for several first units. The light and misting parameters provided by the light sources and misting units to the plants in the first and second units are set differently according to the angle range of the plants relative to the light sources and misting units. The nozzles of the aerosol unit include a first nozzle for generating aerosol to provide nutrients to the plant root zone and a second nozzle for generating jet to disperse the plant root zone. The plant root zone receives the aerosol and jet generated by the aerosol unit alternately on both sides of the longitudinal direction, so as to act on the plant root zone from different directions and angles.

2. The crop cultivation bed according to claim 1, characterized in that, The transport track (501) of the culture module (500) includes a plurality of transport shafts (5011) disposed at a first height and a second height in the culture space (100), such that the transport frame (5012) connecting the plurality of transport shafts (5011) forms an undulating track extending longitudinally toward the culture space (100).

3. The crop cultivation bed according to claim 2, characterized in that, The conveyor frame (5012) is equipped with a stationary part for connecting the conveyor shaft (5011) and a movable part for carrying the plant. When a power device is connected to several of the aforementioned transmission shafts (5011), the transmission shafts (5011) drive the moving part of the transmission frame (5012) to move in a wave-like motion relative to the stationary part along the undulating track.

4. The crop cultivation bed according to claim 3, characterized in that, The movable part of the conveyor frame (5012) is provided with planting areas (502) arranged at intervals for arranging the plants and connecting areas (503) arranged between adjacent planting areas (502) and movably connected relative to the planting areas (502). During the wave-like movement of the plant along the conveyor track (501), the planting area (502) rotates relative to the connecting area (503) while maintaining a horizontal state to form a stepped movement along the conveyor track (501).

5. The crop cultivation bed according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cultivation space (100) is configured as a first space (200) and a second space (300) on the side closer to the leaf area of ​​the plant and the side closer to the root area of ​​the plant, respectively. The first space (200) and the second space (300) are used to arrange a light source and a misting device for the leaf area and root area of ​​the plant, respectively.

6. The crop cultivation bed according to claim 1, characterized in that, The culture space (100) is longitudinally divided into functional areas including at least an operating area (101) and a culture area (102), wherein, The cultivation area (102) carries the plant in a reciprocating motion according to the conveyor track (501) to realize the growth and cultivation of the plant. The operation area (101) carries the plant in the conveyor track (501) and moves between the operation area (101) and the cultivation area (102) to carry the plant for planting, harvesting and intervention operations.

7. The crop cultivation bed according to claim 1, characterized in that, With the plant arranged on the transport track (501) of the cultivation module (500) and the plant leaf area and the plant root area placed on both sides of the transport track (501), the cultivation space (100) is divided by the transport track (501) into an upper half for accommodating the plant leaf area and a lower half for accommodating the plant root area.

8. The crop cultivation bed according to claim 2, characterized in that, The transport track (501) of the culture module (500) forms a first unit (504) and a second unit (505) facing the upper half of the culture space (100) and the lower half of the culture space (100) respectively through the undulating track, such that the transport track (501) is composed of a plurality of the first units (504) or a plurality of the second units (505).

9. The crop cultivation bed according to claim 8, characterized in that, The light source (201) is aligned with the central axis of the corresponding first unit (504) in the longitudinal direction of the cultivation space (100). During the wave-like motion of the plant in the first unit (504) through the conveyor track (501), the wave-like motion is decomposed into the linear motion of the plant along the longitudinal direction of the cultivation space (100) and the rotational motion of the plant relative to the light source (201).

10. The crop cultivation bed according to claim 9, characterized in that, The aerosol unit (303) is aligned longitudinally with the central axis of the corresponding second unit (505) in the culture space (100), so that the aerosol unit (303) can provide aerosol and jet to the second unit (505) through a plurality of nozzles arranged circumferentially.

Images