A sieving device for detecting heavy metals in soil sediments

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of soil heavy metal detection, and discloses a sifter for detecting heavy metals in soil sediments, comprising a frame, and further comprising: a guide block arranged on the inner wall of the frame and distributed in an annular shape, the guide block being rotatably connected to the annular frame, the annular frame being fixedly connected to the bottom of a screening drum, the inner wall of the screening drum being slidably connected to the outer wall of the screen, the screening drum being connected to the screen via an oscillating component, and the screen being provided with sieve holes; a scattering component arranged on the screening drum and distributed in an annular shape; a scraper component arranged on the frame, and the screen can be oscillated by the cooperation of the scraper component and the oscillating component; the present invention drives the screening drum and the screen to rotate synchronously by a driving component, so that the screen can screen the soil, and in the screening process, the scattering component is used to scatter the accumulated soil, thereby facilitating the screen to screen the soil.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of soil heavy metal detection, in particular to a sifter for detecting heavy metals in soil sediments. Background Art

[0002] With the development of modern industry, soil pollution is becoming increasingly serious. The heavy metal elements in the soil cannot be decomposed by soil microorganisms and are converted into more toxic compounds. Some even accumulate in the human body at harmful concentrations through the food chain, seriously endangering human health. Therefore, it is necessary to test the heavy metal content in soil sediments. Before testing the soil, it is generally necessary to air-dry the soil, grind and screen it, and then perform heavy metal testing.

[0003] Existing soil sediment heavy metal detection equipment generally screens the soil through a sieve, and at the same time uses a corresponding drive device to make the sieve swing back and forth, thereby increasing the screening effect of the sieve; however, the existing soil sediment heavy metal detection sieve still has the problem of insufficiently breaking up the soil on the sieve, resulting in low screening efficiency.

[0004] Therefore, those skilled in the art have proposed a sifter for detecting heavy metals in soil sediments to solve the problems raised in the above background. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a sifter for detecting heavy metals in soil sediments to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] A sieving device for detecting heavy metals in soil sediments, comprising a frame and:

[0008] Guide blocks are arranged on the inner wall of the frame and are distributed in an annular shape. The guide blocks are rotatably connected to the annular frame, the annular frame is fixedly connected to the bottom of the screening drum, the inner wall of the screening drum is slidably connected to the outer wall of the screen, the screening drum is connected to the screen through an oscillating component, and the screen is provided with sieve holes for screening the soil;

[0009] The scattering components arranged on the screening drum and distributed in an annular shape are used to blow away the soil on the screen;

[0010] A scraper component is provided on the frame, and the screen can be vibrated by cooperating with the vibrating component;

[0011] A lower bracket is arranged in a ring-shaped distribution at the bottom of the frame, a base is installed at the bottom end of the lower bracket, and a driving component is installed on the lower bracket for driving the screening drum to rotate.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the breaking up component includes a cylinder body arranged on the screening cylinder and distributed in a ring shape, the cylinder body is located in the screening cylinder and a tube body is installed at one end, a nozzle of an oblique screen is provided on one side of the tube body, an air storage chamber is opened in the cylinder body, the air storage chamber is connected to the tube body through an air supply pipe, the air storage chamber is connected to the air intake pipe, the air supply pipe and the air intake pipe are respectively provided with a first one-way valve and a second one-way valve, and the cylinder body is connected to the air storage component.

[0013] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the air storage component includes a piston plate that is slidably connected to the air storage chamber, the piston plate is fixedly connected to the sliding rod, a second elastic component is arranged between the end of the air storage chamber close to the tube body and the piston plate, the sliding rod is installed with a mounting frame at the end away from the piston plate, a movable shaft is rotatably provided on the mounting frame, a roller is rotatably provided on the movable shaft, and arc-shaped protrusions distributed in a ring are installed on the inner wall of the frame.

[0014] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the scraper component includes a connecting frame installed on the top of the frame and distributed in a ring shape, and a scraper rod in contact with the top of the screen is installed at one end of the connecting frame away from the frame. The screen is installed with inclined blocks distributed in a ring shape and cooperating with the scraper rod, and the shape of the inclined blocks is a right triangle.

[0015] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the oscillating component includes an inner groove opened on the inner wall of the screening cylinder and distributed in an annular shape, a support plate connected to the screen is slidably arranged in the inner groove, and a first elastic member is arranged between the support plate and the bottom wall of the inner groove.

[0016] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the driving component includes a fixed plate installed on the lower bracket, a driving member is installed on the fixed plate, a rotating shaft is installed at the output end of the driving member, a gear is installed at the top of the rotating shaft, and an annular gear ring meshing with the gear is installed at the bottom of the annular frame.

[0017] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, an upper bracket distributed in a ring shape is provided on the top of the frame, a lower hopper is installed on the top of the upper bracket, and a lower feeding pipe distributed in a ring shape is installed on the bottom of the lower hopper.

[0018] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, a material collection box is installed on the base.

[0019] The present invention has the following benefits: the present invention drives the screening drum and the screen to rotate synchronously through the provided driving component, so that the screen can screen the soil, and in the screening process, the soil accumulated together is dispersed by the dispersing component, thereby facilitating the screen to screen the soil, avoiding the problem of low screening efficiency caused by insufficient soil dispersion, and at the same time, the soil on the surface of the screen is scraped by the scraper component, which can avoid a large volume of soil clogging the screen holes. In addition, the scraper component cooperates with the oscillating component to cause the screen to vibrate, which can further disperse the soil accumulated on the screen and improve the screening effect of the screen. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a sifter for detecting heavy metals in soil sediments.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a top view of the interior of a frame of a sifter for detecting heavy metals in soil sediments.

[0022] Figure 3 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the structure of a sifter component and a scraper component in a sifter for detecting heavy metals in soil sediments.

[0023] Figure 4 The figure is a schematic diagram of the structure of the breaking components in a sifter for detecting heavy metals in soil sediments.

[0024] Figure 5 This is an oblique view of the interior of a frame of a sifter for detecting heavy metals in soil sediments.

[0025] Figure 6 for Figure 5 Partial view of A in the figure.

[0026] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a sieve in a sifter for detecting heavy metals in soil sediments.

[0027] In the figure: 1. frame; 2. guide block; 3. annular frame; 4. screening cylinder; 5. screen mesh; 6. sieve hole; 7. driving component; 701. annular ring gear; 702. gear; 703. rotating shaft; 704. driving component; 705. fixing plate; 8. oscillating component; 801. inner groove; 802. first elastic component; 803. supporting plate; 9. dispersing component; 901. cylinder; 902. tube; 903. nozzle; 904. air storage chamber; 905. piston plate; 906, slide bar; 907, mounting bracket; 908, movable shaft; 909, roller; 910, second elastic member; 911, air supply pipe; 912, first one-way valve; 913, air suction pipe; 914, second one-way valve; 915, bump; 10, scraper component; 1001, connecting bracket; 1002, scraper rod; 1003, inclined block; 11, upper bracket; 12, lower hopper; 13, lower pipe; 14, lower bracket; 15, base; 16, collection box. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with specific implementation methods. Example 1

[0029] See also Figure 1-Figure 7 A soil sediment heavy metal detection sieving device comprises a frame 1 and further comprises:

[0030] A guide block 2 is provided on the inner wall of the frame 1 and is distributed in an annular shape. The guide block 2 is rotatably connected to the annular frame 3. The annular frame 3 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the screening drum 4. The inner wall of the screening drum 4 is slidably connected to the outer wall of the screen 5. The screening drum 4 is connected to the screen 5 through an oscillating component 8. The screen 5 is provided with sieve holes 6 for screening soil;

[0031] The annularly distributed breaking components 9 provided on the screening drum 4 are used to blow away the soil on the screen 5;

[0032] The scraper member 10 is provided on the frame 1, and the screen 5 can be vibrated by the cooperation between the scraper member 10 and the vibrating member 8;

[0033] A lower bracket 14 is provided at the bottom of the frame 1 in a circular shape, and a base 15 is installed at the bottom end of the lower bracket 14 . A driving component 7 is installed on the lower bracket 14 for driving the screening drum 4 to rotate.

[0034] See also Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 and Figure 4The scattering component 9 includes a cylinder 901 arranged on the screening cylinder 4 and distributed in an annular shape. The cylinder 901 is located in the screening cylinder 4 and is equipped with a tube 902 at one end. A nozzle 903 oblique to the screen 5 is provided on one side of the tube 902. The gas ejected from the nozzle 903 blows the soil on the surface of the screen 5 to disperse the soil. An air storage chamber 904 is opened in the cylinder 901, and the air storage chamber 904 is connected to the tube 902 through an air supply pipe 911. The air storage chamber 904 is connected to the air intake pipe 913, and the air supply pipe 911 and the air intake pipe 913 are respectively provided with a first one-way valve 912 and a second one-way valve 914. The gas flow direction of the first one-way valve 912 in the air supply pipe 911 is from the air storage chamber 904 to the tube body 902, and the gas flow direction of the second one-way valve 914 in the air intake pipe 913 is from the outside to the air storage chamber 904. The cylinder 901 is connected to the air storage component.

[0035] See also Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 and Figure 4 , the gas storage member includes a piston plate 905 that is slidably connected to the gas storage chamber 904, the piston plate 905 is fixedly connected to the slide rod 906, and a second elastic member 910 is provided between the end of the gas storage chamber 904 close to the tube body 902 and the piston plate 905. The specific structure of the second elastic member 910 is not limited. Preferably, the second elastic member 910 is set as a spring, and the end of the slide rod 906 away from the piston plate 905 is installed with a mounting bracket 907, and a movable shaft 908 is rotatably provided on the mounting bracket 907, and a roller 909 is rotatably provided on the movable shaft 908. The frame The inner wall is provided with an annularly distributed arc-shaped protrusions 915. When the roller 909 does not contact the protrusions 915, the piston plate 905 is pressed against the end of the air storage chamber 904 away from the tube body 902 under the action of the second elastic member 910. When the roller 909 contacts the protrusions 915, as the screening drum 4 rotates, the roller 909 rolls along the arc-shaped surface of the protrusions 915, and then pushes the piston plate 905 to slide in the air storage chamber 904 through the sliding rod 906. The movement of the piston plate 905 in the air storage chamber 904 realizes the suction and exhaust operations of the air storage chamber 904. Example 2

[0036] See also Figure 1-Figure 7 The rest of the content of this embodiment is the same as that of embodiment 1, except that: Figure 2 and Figure 3The scraper component 10 includes a connecting frame 1001 installed at the top of the frame 1 and distributed in an annular shape. The connecting frame 1001 is equipped with a scraping rod 1002 at one end away from the frame 1 and in contact with the top of the screen 5. The screen 5 is equipped with an inclined block 1003 distributed in an annular shape and cooperating with the scraping rod 1002. The shape of the inclined block 1003 is a right triangle. When the screening drum 4 rotates, the screen 5 also rotates synchronously, so that the scraping rod 1002 can be set along the surface of the screen 5 to avoid a large volume of soil clogging the screen hole 6. After the scraping rod 1002 contacts the inclined block 1003, it pushes the screen 5 to move down. When the scraping rod 1002 is separated from the inclined block 1003, the screen 5 is reset under the action of the oscillating component 8 and hits the screening drum 4, causing the screen 5 to vibrate, which can further break up the soil on the screen 5, so that the soil is evenly dispersed throughout the screen 5, which is convenient for screening.

[0037] See also Figure 5 and Figure 6 The oscillating component 8 includes an inner groove 801 which is opened on the inner wall of the screening drum 4 and is distributed in an annular shape. A support plate 803 connected to the screen 5 is slidably arranged in the inner groove 801. A first elastic member 802 is arranged between the support plate 803 and the bottom wall of the inner groove 801. The specific structure of the first elastic member 802 is not limited. Preferably, the first elastic member 802 is set as a spring.

[0038] See also Figure 1 、 Figure 3 and Figure 5 The driving component 7 includes a fixed plate 705 installed on the lower bracket 14, and a driving member 704 is installed on the fixed plate 705. The specific structure of the driving member 704 is not limited. Preferably, the driving member 704 is set to a stepping motor, and a rotating shaft 703 is installed at the output end of the driving member 704. A gear 702 is installed at the top of the rotating shaft 703. An annular ring gear 701 meshing with the gear 702 is installed at the bottom of the annular frame 3. The driving member 704 drives the rotating shaft 703 connected thereto to rotate, and the annular frame 3 is driven to rotate through the mutually meshing gears 702 and the annular ring gear 701, thereby driving the screening drum 4 to rotate.

[0039] See also Figure 1 The top of the frame 1 is provided with an upper bracket 11 distributed in a ring shape, the top of the upper bracket 11 is provided with a lower hopper 12, and the bottom of the lower hopper 12 is provided with a lower pipe 13 distributed in a ring shape.

[0040] See also Figure 1 A collection box 16 is installed on the base 15 for collecting the screened soil.

[0041] During the implementation of the present invention, the device is placed stably on the ground, the soil to be tested for heavy metals is poured into the lower hopper 12, the lower hopper 12 pours the soil onto the screen 5 through the discharge pipe 13, the driving member 704 is started, the driving member 704 drives the rotating shaft 703 connected thereto to rotate, and the gears 702 and the annular gear ring 701 that are meshed with each other drive the annular frame 3 to rotate, and then drive the screening drum 4 to rotate, the screen 5 in the screening drum 4 rotates synchronously, and then the soil begins to be rotary screened, and the soil that meets the size requirements passes through the sieve hole 6 and falls into the collection box 16; in the screening drum During the rotation of the sieve drum 4, when the roller 909 does not contact the protrusion 915, the piston plate 905 is pressed against the end of the air storage chamber 904 away from the tube body 902 under the action of the second elastic member 910. When the roller 909 contacts the protrusion 915, as the sieve drum 4 rotates, the roller 909 rolls along the curved surface of the protrusion 915, and then pushes the piston plate 905 to slide in the air storage chamber 904 through the slide rod 906, and then the gas in the air storage chamber 904 is pressed into the tube body 902 through the air supply pipe 911 and ejected through the nozzle 903, and the soil on the screen 5 is shaken by the ejected air flow. The roller 909 moves to the highest point of the cam, and the roller 909 continues to slide along the arc surface of the cam. At this time, the piston plate 905 slides back under the action of the second elastic member 910, and then the outside air can be sucked into the air storage chamber 904 through the suction pipe 913, thereby replenishing the air in the air storage chamber 904, and then preparing for the next jet-dispersing operation. In the process of the screen 5 rotating, the scraping rod 1002 can be scraped along the surface of the screen 5. The rod 1002 scrapes the soil on the screen 5, thereby preventing a large volume of soil from clogging the screen hole 6, ensuring the screening efficiency of the screen 5, and when the scraping rod 1002 contacts the inclined block 1003, it pushes the screen 5 down, and the screen 5 squeezes the first elastic member 802 in the inner groove 801 through the push plate. When the scraping rod 1002 disengages from the inclined block 1003, the support plate 803 connected to the screen 5 under the action of the first elastic member 802 will hit the screening cylinder 4, causing the screen 5 to vibrate, and then the soil on the screen 5 can be further broken up, so that the soil is evenly dispersed throughout the screen 5, which is convenient for screening.

[0042] The present invention drives the screening drum 4 and the screen 5 to rotate synchronously through the provided driving component 7, so that the screen 5 can screen the soil, and in the screening process, the soil accumulated together is broken up by the breaking up component 9, thereby facilitating the screen 5 to screen the soil, avoiding the problem of low screening efficiency caused by insufficient soil breaking up, and at the same time, the soil on the surface of the screen 5 is scraped by the scraper component 10, which can avoid a large volume of soil from clogging the screen hole 6. In addition, the scraper component 10 cooperates with the oscillation component 8 to make the screen 5 vibrate, further breaking up the soil accumulated on the screen 5, and improving the screening effect of the screen 5.

[0043] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the invention can be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as illustrative and non-restrictive, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims, not the foregoing description, and all variations within the meaning and range of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim to which it relates.

[0044] In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described in terms of implementation methods, not every implementation method contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative method of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other implementation methods that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A sieving device for detecting heavy metals in soil sediments, comprising a frame, characterized in that: Also includes: Guide blocks are arranged on the inner wall of the frame and are distributed in an annular shape. The guide blocks are rotatably connected to the annular frame, the annular frame is fixedly connected to the bottom of the screening drum, the inner wall of the screening drum is slidably connected to the outer wall of the screen, the screening drum is connected to the screen through an oscillating component, and the screen is provided with sieve holes for screening the soil; The scattering components arranged on the screening drum and distributed in an annular shape are used to blow away the soil on the screen; The scattering component includes a cylindrical body arranged on the screening cylinder and distributed in an annular manner. The cylindrical body is located in the screening cylinder and is equipped with a tube body at one end. A nozzle inclined to the screen is provided on one side of the tube body. An air storage chamber is opened in the cylindrical body, and the air storage chamber is connected to the tube body through an air supply pipe. The air storage chamber is connected to the air intake pipe. A first one-way valve and a second one-way valve are respectively provided in the air supply pipe and the air intake pipe. The cylindrical body is connected to the air storage component; The gas storage member includes a piston plate slidably connected to the gas storage chamber, the piston plate is fixedly connected to the slide rod, a second elastic member is provided between the end of the gas storage chamber close to the tube body and the piston plate, the end of the slide rod away from the piston plate is installed with a mounting frame, a movable shaft is rotatably provided on the mounting frame, a roller is rotatably provided on the movable shaft, and an arc-shaped protrusions distributed in a ring are installed on the inner wall of the frame; A scraper component is provided on the frame, and the screen can be vibrated by cooperating with the vibrating component; A lower bracket is arranged in a ring-shaped distribution at the bottom of the frame, a base is installed at the bottom end of the lower bracket, and a driving component is installed on the lower bracket for driving the screening drum to rotate.

2. A sieving device for detecting heavy metals in soil sediments according to claim 1, characterized in that: The scraper component includes a connecting frame installed on the top of the frame and distributed in an annular manner. A scraping rod in contact with the top of the screen is installed at one end of the connecting frame away from the frame. The screen is installed with inclined blocks distributed in an annular manner and cooperating with the scraping rod.

3. A sieving device for detecting heavy metals in soil sediments according to claim 2, characterized in that: The shape of the oblique block is a right triangle.

4. A sieving device for detecting heavy metals in soil sediments according to claim 1, characterized in that: The oscillating component includes an inner groove which is opened on the inner wall of the screening cylinder and is distributed in an annular shape. A supporting plate connected to the screen is slidably arranged in the inner groove, and a first elastic member is arranged between the supporting plate and the bottom wall of the inner groove.

5. A sieving device for detecting heavy metals in soil sediments according to claim 4, characterized in that: The driving component includes a fixed plate installed on the lower bracket, a driving member is installed on the fixed plate, a rotating shaft is installed at the output end of the driving member, a gear is installed at the top of the rotating shaft, and an annular gear ring meshing with the gear is installed at the bottom of the annular frame.

6. A sieving device for detecting heavy metals in soil sediments according to claim 1, characterized in that: An upper bracket distributed in a ring shape is provided on the top of the frame body, a lower hopper is installed on the top of the upper bracket, and a lower pipe distributed in a ring shape is installed on the bottom of the lower hopper.

7. A sieving device for detecting heavy metals in soil sediments according to claim 1, characterized in that: A material collecting box is installed on the base.

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