Wind turbine tower dynamics response test device

Abstract

The present application provides a device for testing the dynamic response of a wind turbine tower. The device includes: a wind turbine tower, a wind turbine nacelle, a cuboid frame, a first cable, a second cable, a first wind load generating device, a second wind load generating device, and a dynamic response data acquisition device; the cuboid frame includes: a plurality of vertical rods and connecting rods, the connecting rods are arranged at the tops of the vertical rods and are installed between adjacent vertical rods, a first fixed pulley is sleeved on the connecting rod on the side close to the wind turbine nacelle, and a second fixed pulley is sleeved on the connecting rod on the other side close to the wind turbine nacelle; one ends of the first cable and the second cable are both connected to the wind turbine nacelle, the other end of the first cable is connected to the first wind load generating device via the first fixed pulley, and the other end of the second cable is connected to the second wind load generating device via the second fixed pulley. The structure of the device for testing the dynamic response of the wind turbine tower provided by the present application is simple and reliable, and can improve the accuracy of the dynamic response test of the wind turbine tower.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of wind turbine towers, and particularly to a device for testing the dynamic response of a wind turbine tower. Background Art

[0002] Wind energy is a renewable energy source with broad prospects. To reduce the production cost of electricity, wind turbines are currently developing towards larger sizes. In a wind farm, the diameter of a megawatt-class wind turbine exceeds 100 meters, and the structural dimensions of each component and the gravitational loads they bear increase sharply at the same time. This makes the slender flexible structure of the wind turbine tower with a large mass at the top more sensitive to changes in wind loads.

[0003] Large wind turbine towers generally adopt a conical cylindrical thin-walled structure and are mainly affected by the aerodynamic loads generated by the wind turbine rotor. The deformation and vibration of the tower will directly affect the dynamic characteristics of the wind turbine structure. Currently, the research on the dynamic characteristics of wind turbine towers mainly uses simulation methods, but it is difficult to fully ensure the accuracy of the simulation.

[0004] Currently, most of the devices for testing the dynamic response of towers only use the method of adding weights to simulate the influence of wind loads, and the simplified structure is as Figure 1 shown. Although such devices simplify the action of wind loads on the tower, they can only consider the influence in a single degree-of-freedom direction of the wind turbine tower and do not take into account the time-varying nature of wind loads. In addition, such devices are mostly used to test the mechanical responses of structures such as blades and bolts under wind loads, and do not consider the influence of wind loads on the dynamic response of the wind turbine tower. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Aiming at at least one problem in the prior art, this application proposes a device for testing the dynamic response of a wind turbine tower. The structure of the device for testing the dynamic response of a wind turbine tower is simple and reliable, and can improve the accuracy of testing the dynamic response of a wind turbine tower.

[0006] To solve the above technical problems, this application provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] This application provides a device for testing the dynamic response of a wind turbine tower, including: a wind turbine tower, a wind turbine nacelle, a cuboid frame, a first cable, a second cable, a first wind load generating device, a second wind load generating device, and a dynamic response data acquisition device arranged on the side wall of the wind turbine tower;

[0008] The wind turbine tower is arranged vertically within the cuboid frame, and the wind turbine nacelle is connected to the top of the wind turbine tower;

[0009] The cuboid frame includes: a plurality of vertical rods perpendicular to the horizontal plane and connecting rods parallel to the horizontal plane. The connecting rods are arranged at the tops of the vertical rods and fixedly installed between adjacent vertical rods. A first fixed pulley is sleeved on the connecting rod on one side close to the wind turbine nacelle, and a second fixed pulley is sleeved on the connecting rod on the other side close to the wind turbine nacelle. The first wind load generating device and the second wind load generating device are oppositely arranged at the bottom of the cuboid frame;

[0010] One ends of the first cable and the second cable are both connected to the wind turbine nacelle. The other end of the first cable is connected to the first wind load generating device via the first fixed pulley, and the other end of the second cable is connected to the second wind load generating device via the second fixed pulley.

[0011] In one embodiment, the wind turbine tower dynamic response test device further includes: a third cable and a third wind load generating device;

[0012] A third fixed pulley is sleeved on the connecting rod near the tail of the wind turbine nacelle;

[0013] One end of the third cable is connected to the tail of the wind turbine nacelle, and the other end is connected to the third wind load generating device via the third fixed pulley.

[0014] In one embodiment, the wind turbine tower dynamic response test device further includes: a fourth cable, a fifth cable, a fourth wind load generating device and a fifth wind load generating device;

[0015] A fourth fixed pulley is sleeved on the connecting rod near the head of the wind turbine nacelle, and a fifth fixed pulley is sleeved on the connecting rod near the tail of the wind turbine nacelle. The fourth wind load generating device and the fifth wind load generating device are arranged at the bottom of the cuboid frame;

[0016] One end of the fourth cable is connected to the first operating rod of the wind turbine nacelle, and the other end is connected to the fourth wind load generating device via the fourth fixed pulley;

[0017] One end of the fifth cable is connected to the second operating rod of the wind turbine nacelle, and the other end is connected to the fifth wind load generating device via the fifth fixed pulley.

[0018] In one embodiment, the wind turbine tower dynamic response test device further includes: a sixth cable, a seventh cable, a sixth wind load generating device and a seventh wind load generating device;

[0019] A sixth fixed pulley is sleeved on the connecting rod near the tail of the wind turbine nacelle, and a seventh fixed pulley is sleeved on the connecting rod near the head of the wind turbine nacelle. The fourth wind load generating device and the fifth wind load generating device are arranged at the bottom of the cuboid frame.

[0020] One end of the sixth cable is connected to the first operating rod of the wind turbine nacelle, and the other end is connected to the sixth wind load generating device via the sixth fixed pulley.

[0021] One end of the seventh cable is connected to the second operating rod of the wind turbine nacelle, and the other end is connected to the seventh wind load generating device via the seventh fixed pulley.

[0022] In one embodiment, the wind load generating device includes: an exciter and a counterweight block arranged on the exciter.

[0023] In one embodiment, the dynamic response data acquisition device includes: an accelerometer arranged on the leeward side of the wind turbine tower and a strain gauge arranged on the windward side of the wind turbine tower.

[0024] In one embodiment, the wind turbine tower dynamic response test device further includes:

[0025] Displacement gauges arranged on the top of the wind turbine nacelle and at the connection between the wind turbine tower and the wind turbine nacelle.

[0026] In one embodiment, the wind turbine tower dynamic response test device further includes: a bottom flat plate and an earth anchor arranged at the lower end of the bottom flat plate;

[0027] The wind turbine tower, the cuboid frame, the first wind load generating device and the second wind load generating device are all arranged on the bottom flat plate;

[0028] The earth anchor is used for connecting with the foundation.

[0029] In one embodiment, a concentrated mass block is arranged in the wind turbine nacelle.

[0030] In one embodiment, the vertical rod is a telescopic support rod.

[0031] As can be seen from the above technical solutions, the present application provides a test device for the dynamic response of a wind turbine tower. Among them, the device includes: a wind turbine tower, a wind turbine nacelle, a cuboid frame, a first cable, a second cable, a first wind load generating device, a second wind load generating device, and a dynamic response data acquisition device arranged on the side wall of the wind turbine tower; the wind turbine tower is arranged vertically within the cuboid frame, and the wind turbine nacelle is connected to the top of the wind turbine tower; the cuboid frame includes: a plurality of vertical rods perpendicular to the horizontal plane and connecting rods parallel to the horizontal plane, the connecting rods are arranged at the tops of the vertical rods and fixedly installed between adjacent vertical rods, a first fixed pulley is sleeved on the connecting rod closer to the wind turbine nacelle side, a second fixed pulley is sleeved on the connecting rod on the other side closer to the wind turbine nacelle, the first wind load generating device and the second wind load generating device are oppositely arranged at the bottom of the cuboid frame; one ends of the first cable and the second cable are both connected to the wind turbine nacelle, the other end of the first cable is connected to the first wind load generating device via the first fixed pulley, and the other end of the second cable is connected to the second wind load generating device via the second fixed pulley. The structure is simple and reliable, and can improve the accuracy of the dynamic response test of the wind turbine tower; specifically, it can realize the dynamic response test of the wind turbine tower under wind load conditions in different directions; it can simulate the turbulent wind load under multiple degrees of freedom through the fixed pulleys arranged in different directions, combined with the telescopic round tube columns, control rods, counterweights and exciters, and can also control the magnitude of the wind load in real time. Then, the dynamic response data of the tower, such as the displacement at the top of the tower, equivalent stress, and acceleration at the bottom of the tower, are monitored in real time through the accelerometers, displacement gauges and strain gauges on the tower and the nacelle. The vertical rods with a telescopic function are used to adjust different heights to adapt to the tests of different types of wind turbine towers; it can provide the multi-degree-of-freedom load characteristics of the wind turbine tower close to the actual wind conditions, which is beneficial to more accurately describe the structural response of the wind turbine tower, reduce the errors caused by the traditional single-direction loading method, improve the design accuracy of the tower, and reduce the increase in tower cost caused by overly conservative solutions in traditional designs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the following drawings are only some embodiments of the present application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0033] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the test device for the dynamic response of a wind turbine tower in the prior art;

[0034] Figure 2It is a schematic structural diagram of the wind turbine tower dynamic response test device in the embodiment of the present application;

[0035] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram comparing the side view and the isometric view of the wind load generating device in the embodiment of the present application;

[0036] Figure 4 It is a schematic comparison diagram before and after the vertical pole extends;

[0037] Figure 5 It is a side view schematic diagram of the wind turbine tower dynamic response test device in the embodiment of the present application.

[0038] Symbol description:

[0039] 1. Wind turbine tower;

[0040] 2. Wind turbine nacelle;

[0041] 3. Cuboid frame;

[0042] 4. First cable;

[0043] 5. First wind load generating device;

[0044] 51. Vibration exciter;

[0045] 52. Counterweight;

[0046] 6. Second wind load generating device;

[0047] 7. Second cable;

[0048] 8. First fixed pulley;

[0049] 9. Second fixed pulley;

[0050] 10. Displacement gauge;

[0051] 11. Bottom flat plate;

[0052] 12. Third cable;

[0053] 13. Third wind load generating device;

[0054] 14. Third fixed pulley;

[0055] 15. Fourth cable;

[0056] 16. Fourth wind load generating device;

[0057] 17. Fifth cable;

[0058] 18. Fifth wind load generating device;

[0059] 19. Fourth fixed pulley;

[0060] 20. Fifth fixed pulley;

[0061] 21. Sixth wind load generating device;

[0062] 22. Seventh wind load generating device;

[0063] 23. Sixth cable;

[0064] 24. Seventh cable;

[0065] 25. Strain gauge;

[0066] 26. Accelerometer. Detailed implementation manners

[0067] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions in this specification, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of this application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of this application.

[0068] For the convenience of understanding this solution, the technical content related to this solution will be described first.

[0069] Tower: The main support structure and loaded structure of a wind turbine.

[0070] Unsteady wind load: Aerodynamic load that varies with time domain caused by phenomena such as atmospheric turbulence, wind shear, wind direction change, side wind, and tower shadow effect.

[0071] Ground anchor: A component for horizontally adjusting a large assembled platform, enabling multiple platforms to be adjusted into a flatness and not easily changed.

[0072] In the prior art, there are still problems that the influence caused by wind load in the tower torque freedom direction cannot be considered; the dynamic response of the wind load on the wind turbine tower cannot be intuitively reflected; and the operation is relatively complex, which is not conducive to the operation of researchers. Based on this, the embodiments of this application provide a wind turbine tower dynamic response test device, which can simulate the real wind load situation and can be used to verify the accuracy of simulation results.

[0073] The wind turbine tower dynamic response test device provided by the embodiments of this application has the following advantages:

[0074] (1) Multiple fixed pulleys and control rods can be used to simulate the turbulent wind load under real multi - degrees of freedom. A four - degree - of - freedom load model Fx, Fy, Mx, My, Mz that is mainly affected by the wind load can be simulated. Among them, Fx and Fy respectively represent the loads on the simulated wind turbine tower from the axial direction (front - back direction) and radial direction (left - right direction) of the wind turbine rotor. Mx, My, and Mz successively represent the three bending moment loads of flapping (left - right direction), pitching (front - back direction), and torsion (rotation around the tower axis).

[0075] (2) The simulated wind load value is adjusted by the combined action of counterweights and exciters. With counterweights and exciters, the magnitude of the wind load can be adjusted in real time.

[0076] (3) The seven required fixed pulleys are connected by a steel - structure circular - tube frame, and the circular - tube frame is connected to the bottom plate through four steel - structure circular - tube columns. In addition, the tower of the device is fixed to the plate through a bottom flange. A high - density ground anchor is fixed at the lower end of the plate, and high - density ground piles are driven into the foundation under the plate. The ground anchor is inserted into the space between the ground piles, and both the ground anchor and the ground piles are fixed by pouring concrete, that is, the plate is firmly connected to the foundation to enhance the stability of this device so as to simulate the influence of turbulent wind load under extreme conditions.

[0077] Specifically, it is described through the following various embodiments.

[0078] In order to implement a simple and reliable dynamic response test device for a wind turbine tower and improve the accuracy of the dynamic response test of the wind turbine tower, this embodiment provides a dynamic response test device for a wind turbine tower, as Figure 2 shown, specifically including the following:

[0079] A wind turbine tower 1, a wind turbine nacelle 2, a cuboid frame 3, a first cable 4, a second cable 7, a first wind - load generating device 5, a second wind - load generating device 6, and a dynamic - response data acquisition device arranged on the side wall of the wind turbine tower; the wind turbine tower is arranged vertically within the cuboid frame, and the wind turbine nacelle is connected to the top of the wind turbine tower; the cuboid frame includes: a plurality of vertical rods perpendicular to the horizontal plane and connecting rods parallel to the horizontal plane. The connecting rods are arranged at the tops of the vertical rods and fixedly installed between adjacent vertical rods. A first fixed pulley 8 is sleeved on the connecting rod on the side closer to the wind turbine nacelle, and a second fixed pulley 9 is sleeved on the connecting rod on the side farther from the wind turbine nacelle. The first wind - load generating device and the second wind - load generating device are oppositely arranged at the bottom of the cuboid frame; one ends of the first cable and the second cable are both connected to the wind turbine nacelle, the other end of the first cable is connected to the first wind - load generating device via the first fixed pulley, and the other end of the second cable is connected to the second wind - load generating device via the second fixed pulley.

[0080] Preferably, the first cable and the second cable are collinear in the horizontal direction and perpendicular to the connecting rods near both sides of the wind turbine nacelle. The first cable and the second cable are both parallel to the vertical pole in the vertical direction. The first wind load generating device can be arranged below the connecting rod on the side close to the wind turbine nacelle and at the middle position between adjacent vertical poles. The first wind load generating device can be arranged below the connecting rod on the other side close to the wind turbine nacelle and at the middle position between adjacent vertical poles. One end of the first cable can be connected to one side of the wind turbine nacelle, and one end of the second cable can be connected to the other side of the wind turbine nacelle.

[0081] Specifically, the wind turbine tower can be a scaled-down model of the wind turbine tower, fixed on the bottom flat plate through the bottom flange; the multiple vertical poles perpendicular to the horizontal plane can include: two front vertical poles and two rear vertical poles; the cables can be steel cables, which can bypass the top fixed pulleys to connect the nacelle, the control rod and the counterweight. The first wind load generating device and the second wind load generating device are used to simulate the cross-wind load Fy and the lateral vibration load Mx in the left and right directions. The dynamic response data acquisition device is used to collect the dynamic response data of the wind turbine tower, so as to evaluate whether the wind turbine tower is faulty by applying the dynamic response data.

[0082] Specifically, as Figure 3 shown, each wind load generating device can include: an exciter 51 and a counterweight 52 arranged on the exciter; each exciter can be respectively connected to a computer; the combined action of the counterweight and the exciter can be used to simulate the unsteady wind load that changes in real time. The counterweight provides a continuous average force, and the exciter provides a vibration force. The two are superimposed to obtain the simulated unsteady wind load. As Figure 2As shown in the figure, the dynamic response data acquisition device may include: an accelerometer 26 disposed on the leeward side of the wind turbine tower and a strain gauge 25 disposed on the windward side of the wind turbine tower; preferably, the number of strain gauges may be seven, evenly distributed along the windward side of the tower, and the number of accelerometers may be seven, evenly distributed along the leeward side of the tower. The wind turbine tower dynamic response test device may further include: displacement gauges 10 disposed on the top of the wind turbine nacelle and at the connection between the wind turbine tower and the wind turbine nacelle; the time-domain data of each displacement gauge, strain gauge, and accelerometer may be recorded as dynamic response data. The wind turbine tower dynamic response test device may further include: a bottom plate 11 and an anchor device disposed at the lower end of the bottom plate; the wind turbine tower, the rectangular frame, the first wind load generating device, and the second wind load generating device are all disposed on the bottom plate; the anchor device is used to connect to the foundation; the lower end of the plate may be fixedly connected to a high-density anchor device to make it closely connected to the foundation. A concentrated mass block may be provided inside the wind turbine nacelle, and the concentrated mass block may be disposed on the inner wall surface of the front end of the wind turbine nacelle to simulate the influence of the mass of the hub and blades on the tower. As Figure 4 As shown in the figure, the vertical rod is a telescopic support rod that can drive the fixed pulley to move up and down for testing wind turbine towers at different heights. The vertical rod may also be replaced with a telescopic circular tube column, and wind load simulation in multiple degrees of freedom can be achieved through the rectangular frame.

[0083] The first wind load generating device and the second wind load generating device can be used to simulate the radial load and the flapping moment load of the wind turbine; the dynamic response data acquisition device can be used to collect the dynamic response data under wind load conditions in various directions; based on the dynamic response data under wind load conditions in various directions, the dynamic response test of the wind turbine tower can be completed.

[0084] To achieve the simulation of wind loads in the downwind direction and the flapping torque, as Figure 2 As shown in the figure, in one embodiment, the wind turbine tower dynamic response test device further includes: a third cable 12 and a third wind load generating device 13; a third fixed pulley 14 is sleeved on the connecting rod near the tail of the wind turbine nacelle; one end of the third cable is connected to the tail of the wind turbine nacelle, and the other end is connected to the third wind load generating device via the third fixed pulley.

[0085] Preferably, the third cable is perpendicular to the connecting rod near the tail of the wind turbine nacelle in the horizontal direction and parallel to the vertical rod in the vertical direction. The third wind load generating device is used to simulate the load Fx in the downwind direction and the load My of the flapping in the front and back directions.

[0086] To achieve the simulation of wind loads in the direction of rotation around the axis of the tower, asFigure 2 and Figure 5 As shown in Figure 5 , in one embodiment, the wind turbine tower dynamic response test device further includes: a fourth cable 15, a fifth cable 17, a fourth wind load generating device 16, and a fifth wind load generating device 18; a fourth fixed pulley 19 is sleeved on the connecting rod near the head of the wind turbine nacelle, and a fifth fixed pulley 20 is sleeved on the connecting rod near the tail of the wind turbine nacelle. The fourth wind load generating device and the fifth wind load generating device are arranged at the bottom of the cuboid frame; one end of the fourth cable is connected to the first operating rod of the wind turbine nacelle, and the other end is connected to the fourth wind load generating device via the fourth fixed pulley; one end of the fifth cable is connected to the second operating rod of the wind turbine nacelle, and the other end is connected to the fifth wind load generating device via the fifth fixed pulley.

[0087] Preferably, the fourth cable is perpendicular to the connecting rod near the head of the wind turbine nacelle in the horizontal direction and parallel to the vertical rod in the vertical direction; the fifth cable is perpendicular to the connecting rod near the tail of the wind turbine nacelle in the horizontal direction and parallel to the vertical rod in the vertical direction.

[0088] To improve the reliability of simulating the wind load in the direction of rotation around the tower axis, as Figure 2 and Figure 5 As shown in Figure 5 , in one embodiment, the wind turbine tower dynamic response test device further includes: a sixth cable 23, a seventh cable 24, a sixth wind load generating device 21, and a seventh wind load generating device 22; a sixth fixed pulley is sleeved on the connecting rod near the tail of the wind turbine nacelle, and a seventh fixed pulley is sleeved on the connecting rod near the head of the wind turbine nacelle. The fourth wind load generating device and the fifth wind load generating device are arranged at the bottom of the cuboid frame; one end of the sixth cable is connected to the first operating rod of the wind turbine nacelle, and the other end is connected to the sixth wind load generating device via the sixth fixed pulley; one end of the seventh cable is connected to the second operating rod of the wind turbine nacelle, and the other end is connected to the seventh wind load generating device via the seventh fixed pulley.

[0089] Preferably, the sixth wind load generating device 21 and the seventh wind load generating device 22 can be arranged symmetrically with respect to the xz plane mirror; the structures of the respective wind load generating devices are the same. The fourth wind load generating device, the fifth wind load generating device, the sixth wind load generating device, and the seventh wind load generating device are used to simulate the tower torsion moment Mz. The fifth wind load generating device and the sixth wind load generating device can be arranged below the connecting rod near the tail of the wind turbine nacelle and on both sides of the third wind load generating device. The fourth wind load generating device and the seventh wind load generating device can be arranged below the connecting rod near the head of the wind turbine nacelle, and the fourth wind load generating device is symmetrically arranged with the sixth wind load generating device, and the seventh wind load generating device is symmetrically arranged with the fifth wind load generating device.

[0090] To further illustrate the present solution, the present application provides an application example of a method for testing the dynamic response of a wind turbine tower, which is implemented by using the above-mentioned wind turbine tower dynamic response testing device. The method includes:

[0091] If the first wind load generating device receives a first dynamic response test request, the first wind load generating device is used to simulate a first wind load in a first direction according to the dynamic response test request, and simulate a bending moment Mx corresponding to the first wind load based on the first wind load and the height of the wind turbine tower. The wind turbine tower responds to the first wind load and its corresponding bending moment to generate first dynamic response data; the dynamic response data acquisition device acquires the first dynamic response data to complete the dynamic response test corresponding to the first dynamic response test request. The first direction may represent Figure 2 the Fy direction in

[0092] If the second wind load generating device receives a second dynamic response test request, the second wind load generating device is used to simulate a third wind load in a direction opposite to the first direction according to the second dynamic response test request, and simulate a bending moment -Mx corresponding to the third wind load based on the third wind load and the height of the wind turbine tower. The wind turbine tower responds to the third wind load and its corresponding bending moment to generate second dynamic response data; the dynamic response data acquisition device acquires the second dynamic response data to complete the dynamic response test corresponding to the second dynamic response test request.

[0093] Further, the method further includes: if the third wind load generating device receives a third dynamic response test request, then applying the third wind load generating device to simulate a fifth wind load in a third direction according to the third dynamic response test request, and simulating a bending moment My corresponding to the fifth wind load based on the fifth wind load and the height of the wind turbine tower. The wind turbine tower generates third dynamic response data in response to the fifth wind load and its corresponding bending moment. The dynamic response data acquisition device acquires the third dynamic response data to complete the dynamic response test corresponding to the third dynamic response test request. The third direction may represent Figure 2 the Fx direction in

[0094] Further, the method further includes: if the sixth wind load generating device and the seventh wind load generating device receive a fourth dynamic response test request, then applying the sixth wind load generating device to control a sixth cable to generate a force in a third direction according to the fourth dynamic response test request, and applying the seventh wind load generating device to control a seventh cable to generate a force opposite to the third direction according to the fourth dynamic response test request, to simulate a seventh wind load in a counterclockwise rotation direction around the tower axis. The wind turbine tower generates fourth dynamic response data in response to the seventh wind load. The dynamic response data acquisition device acquires the fourth dynamic response data to complete the dynamic response test corresponding to the fourth dynamic response test request. The counterclockwise rotation direction around the tower axis may represent Figure 2 the Mz direction in

[0095] Specifically, the fourth and fifth wind load generating devices may be a group, and the sixth and seventh wind load generating devices may be another group. When one group is operating, the other group stops. In each group, one cable pulls forward and the other pulls backward. These two cables are not directly connected to the nacelle, but are connected to a connecting rod extending from the center of the nacelle, which can cause a torsional force on the entire nacelle. Further, considering the time-varying nature of wind loads in reality, multiple of the first to seventh wind load generating devices may be applied to simulate wind loads in multiple directions acting simultaneously, such as the Fy direction and the Fx direction acting simultaneously. The dynamic response data acquisition device acquires the current dynamic response data to complete the current dynamic response test. The shaker in the first wind load generating device may receive a first dynamic response test request, and this first dynamic response test request may include the force that the first wind load shaker needs to generate, etc. The same applies to each of the other dynamic response test requests.

[0096] To further illustrate this solution, the present application provides an application example of a test device for the dynamic response of a wind turbine tower under simulated real wind loads, specifically including the following content:

[0097] A scaled-down model of the wind turbine tower, fixed to a flat plate through a bottom flange; a wind turbine nacelle structure; displacement gauges installed at the top of the nacelle and at the connection between the tower and the nacelle; seven strain gauges, evenly distributed along the windward side of the tower; seven accelerometers, evenly distributed along the leeward side of the tower; a telescopic round-tube column that can drive a fixed pulley up and down for testing the tower model at different heights; a bottom flat plate with high-density ground anchors fixed at the lower end to closely connect it to the foundation; a steel cable that bypasses the top fixed pulley to connect the nacelle / control rod and a counterweight; seven fixed pulleys, interconnected through a round-tube frame, capable of simulating wind loads in the degrees of freedom of Fx, Fy, Mx, My, and Mz; an exciter for adjusting the magnitude of the wind load; a counterweight that acts jointly with the exciter to simulate the unsteady wind load that changes in real time; a control rod connected to the steel cable that can achieve the bending moment load in the Mz degree of freedom; a concentrated mass block provided on the inner wall surface at the front end of the nacelle to simulate the influence of the mass of the hub and blades on the tower.

[0098] Specifically, Fx and Fy respectively represent the loads in the along-wind and cross-wind directions acting on the simulated wind turbine tower. The wind in the real environment has turbulent fluctuations, resulting in the load being sometimes large and sometimes small, but it can be decomposed into the superposition of the mean load and the pulsating load. Therefore, the gravity of the counterweight is used to bypass the fixed pulley to simulate the mean wind load, and the vibration of the exciter is used to simulate the pulsating load. The superposition of these two loads acts in the x and y axis directions to form Fx and Fy. Mx, My, and Mz represent the three bending moments of flapping (left and right direction), pitching (front and back direction), and torsion (rotation around the tower axis). Mx and My are respectively generated by the forces Fy and Fx based on the lever arm from the top of the nacelle to the bottom of the tower, that is, Mx = Fy × H, My = Fx × H (where H is the tower height), and are used to measure whether there is a risk of overturning at the bottom foundation of the tower. Mz is generated by the combined action of the counterweight, exciter, and pulley combined with the control rod extending from both sides of the nacelle. A pair of exciters at the instantaneous diagonal position will vibrate to simulate the torsional moment acting on the tower in the z-axis direction.

[0099] The specific implementation of this device is as follows:

[0100] (1) Obtain the time-domain data of the real turbulent wind load through a wind load software or other means;

[0101] (2) Adjust the length of the round-tube column according to the model of the wind turbine;

[0102] (3) Select a suitable counterweight according to the average value of the simulated wind load;

[0103] (4) Adjust the shaker through a computer according to the wind load time-domain data in each degree of freedom. Shaker I is used to simulate the wind load Fx and My in the x direction; Shakers II and III are used to simulate the load models Fy and Mx; Shakers IV to VII are all used to simulate the load model Mz in the flapping direction.

[0104] (5) Adjust the length of the steel cable to just the tight state, and ensure that the values of the displacement gauge, strain gauge, and accelerometer are still 0 at this time.

[0105] (6) Input the signals of each degree of freedom into each shaker, record the time-domain data of each displacement gauge, strain gauge, and accelerometer, and analyze the results.

[0106] In this application, specific embodiments are used to elaborate on the principle and implementation manner of this application. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and its core idea of this application; at the same time, for those of ordinary skill in the art, according to the idea of this application, there will be changes in the specific implementation manner and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation to this application.

Claims

1. A dynamic response test device for a wind turbine tower, characterized in that Comprising: A wind turbine tower, a wind turbine nacelle, a cuboid frame, a first cable, a second cable, a first wind load generating device, a second wind load generating device, and a dynamic response data acquisition device disposed on the side wall of the wind turbine tower; The wind turbine tower is disposed in the vertical direction within the cuboid frame, and the wind turbine nacelle is connected to the top of the wind turbine tower; The cuboid frame includes: a plurality of vertical rods perpendicular to the horizontal plane and connecting rods parallel to the horizontal plane. The connecting rods are disposed at the tops of the vertical rods and fixedly installed between adjacent vertical rods. A first fixed pulley is sleeved on the connecting rod on one side close to the wind turbine nacelle, and a second fixed pulley is sleeved on the connecting rod on the other side close to the wind turbine nacelle. The first wind load generating device and the second wind load generating device are oppositely disposed at the bottom of the cuboid frame; One ends of the first cable and the second cable are both connected to the wind turbine nacelle. The other end of the first cable is connected to the first wind load generating device via the first fixed pulley, and the other end of the second cable is connected to the second wind load generating device via the second fixed pulley; The wind turbine tower dynamic response test device further includes: displacement gauges disposed on the top of the wind turbine nacelle and at the connection between the wind turbine tower and the wind turbine nacelle; A concentrated mass block is disposed inside the wind turbine nacelle, and the concentrated mass block is disposed on the front inner wall surface of the wind turbine nacelle. The first wind load generating device and the second wind load generating device simulate the cross-wind load Fy and the bending torque Mx of the yawing oscillation in the left and right directions, where Mx = Fy × H, and H is the height of the wind turbine tower.

2. The dynamic response test device for a wind turbine tower according to claim 1, wherein Further comprising: A third cable and a third wind load generating device; A third fixed pulley is sleeved on the connecting rod close to the tail of the wind turbine nacelle; One end of the third cable is connected to the tail of the wind turbine nacelle, and the other end is connected to the third wind load generating device via the third fixed pulley.

3. The dynamic response test device for a wind turbine tower according to claim 1, characterized in that Further comprising: A fourth cable, a fifth cable, a fourth wind load generating device, and a fifth wind load generating device; A fourth fixed pulley is sleeved on the connecting rod close to the head of the wind turbine nacelle, and a fifth fixed pulley is sleeved on the connecting rod close to the tail of the wind turbine nacelle. The fourth wind load generating device and the fifth wind load generating device are disposed at the bottom of the cuboid frame; One end of the fourth cable is connected to the first operating rod of the wind turbine nacelle, and the other end is connected to the fourth wind load generating device via the fourth fixed pulley; One end of the fifth cable is connected to the second operating rod of the wind turbine nacelle, and the other end is connected to the fifth wind load generating device via the fifth fixed pulley.

4. The wind turbine tower dynamic response test device according to claim 3, characterized in that, Further comprising: A sixth cable, a seventh cable, a sixth wind load generating device, and a seventh wind load generating device; A sixth fixed pulley is sleeved on the connecting rod close to the tail of the wind turbine nacelle, and a seventh fixed pulley is sleeved on the connecting rod close to the head of the wind turbine nacelle. The fourth wind load generating device and the fifth wind load generating device are disposed at the bottom of the cuboid frame; One end of the sixth cable is connected to the first operating rod of the wind turbine nacelle, and the other end is connected to the sixth wind load generating device via the sixth fixed pulley; One end of the seventh cable is connected to the second operating rod of the wind turbine nacelle, and the other end is connected to the seventh wind load generating device via the seventh fixed pulley.

5. The dynamic response test device for a wind turbine tower according to claim 1, characterized in that The wind load generating device includes: an exciter and a counterweight provided on the exciter.

6. The dynamic response test device for a wind turbine tower according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dynamic response data acquisition device includes: an accelerometer provided on the leeward side of the wind turbine tower and a strain gauge provided on the windward side of the wind turbine tower.

7. The wind turbine tower dynamic response test device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It further includes: A bottom flat plate and an anchor provided at the lower end of the bottom flat plate; The wind turbine tower, the cuboid frame, the first wind load generating device and the second wind load generating device are all provided on the bottom flat plate; The anchor is used to connect to the foundation.

8. The wind turbine tower dynamic response test device according to claim 1, wherein, The vertical rod is a telescopic support rod.

Images