A survey device for aquatic vascular plants in lakes based on unmanned surface vessels

Abstract

This invention relates to a survey device for aquatic vascular plants in lakes based on an unmanned surface vessel (USV). The survey device includes an USV and a collection mechanism mounted on the USV. The USV drives the collection mechanism to move across the water surface to collect leaves of aquatic vascular plants in the lake. The collection mechanism includes a housing with an opening on the side away from the USV. Inside the housing are three shafts: a first shaft, a second shaft, and a third shaft. Outside the housing is a drive motor for rotating the first shaft. A drive roller is concentrically mounted on the first shaft, and a driven roller is concentrically mounted on the second shaft, contacting the surface of the drive roller. This invention utilizes the USV to move the collection mechanism freely across the water surface, replacing manual collection. This not only improves the safety of the collection work but also enables rapid collection and proper storage of aquatic vascular plant leaves, greatly improving the efficiency of the survey.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of plant collection technology, specifically relating to a lake aquatic vascular plant survey device based on an unmanned surface vessel. Background Technology

[0002] Vascular plants are plants with vascular tissues that allow for rapid fluid flow, transporting water and nutrients within their bodies. Aquatic vascular plants provide abundant material resources for humans in areas such as food, feed, fertilizer, industrial raw materials, and fisheries. Taxonomically, aquatic vascular plants can be divided into emergent plants, floating-leaved plants, submerged plants, and floating plants.

[0003] Floating-leaved plants grow in shallow water, with roots extending into the soil at the bottom. They have stomata only on the outer surface of their leaves, resulting in very high transpiration rates. They are also known as attached floating plants. Because floating-leaved plants have large leaves, manual collection is not only unsafe but also difficult to carry, making surveys and sampling of floating-leaved plants difficult or inefficient. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a lake aquatic vascular plant survey device based on an unmanned surface vessel in order to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] The present invention achieves the above objectives through the following technical solutions:

[0006] A lake aquatic vascular plant survey device based on an unmanned surface vessel (USV) includes an USV and a collection mechanism mounted on the USV. The USV drives the collection mechanism to move on the water surface to collect the leaves of lake aquatic vascular plants.

[0007] The collection mechanism includes a housing with an opening on the side away from the unmanned surface vessel (USV). Inside the housing are shafts 1, 2, and 3. Outside the housing is a drive motor for rotating shaft 1. A drive roller is concentrically mounted on shaft 1. A driven roller that contacts the surface of the drive roller is concentrically mounted on shaft 2. A collection roller is concentrically mounted on shaft 3. The collection roller has several grooves along its circumference, and a limiting block for fixing the blades is located in the grooves. A transmission mechanism is provided between shaft 3 and shaft 1 to drive shaft 3 to rotate. The transmission mechanism ensures that the rotational linear speeds of the outer ring of the drive roller and the end of the limiting block away from the collection roller are equal. The housing has a cutting piece for cutting off the rootstock at the bottom of the blades, and a guide platform for guiding the blades is located inside the housing.

[0008] During the movement of the collection mechanism, the drive motor drives the active roller to rotate, and the active roller drives the driven roller to rotate synchronously to clamp the leaves of the lake aquatic vascular plants and transport them into the shell. The cutting component cuts off the roots and stems, and the leaves that enter the shell are fixed by the limiting block.

[0009] Preferably, the first transmission mechanism includes a synchronous belt or chain between the first shaft and the third shaft.

[0010] Preferably, the guide table is provided with an installation groove, and the installation groove is provided with several telescopic rods. The end of the telescopic rod near the collecting roller is provided with an installation plate. The side of the installation plate near the collecting roller is provided with an extrusion member for pressing the blades toward the collecting roller. The guide table is provided with a No. 4 shaft. A cam that drives the installation plate to move is concentrically arranged on the No. 4 shaft. A return spring that drives the installation plate to move is provided between the telescopic rod and the installation plate. A No. 2 synchronous belt that drives the No. 4 shaft to rotate is provided between the No. 2 shaft and the No. 4 shaft.

[0011] Preferably, the extruder is a block supported by rubber material, and there are two or more extruders arranged circumferentially along the collecting roller.

[0012] Preferably, the collecting roller has a cavity structure, the groove is connected to the cavity, and a piston cylinder is provided on the collecting roller. The piston cylinder is a cylinder with open ends, one end of the piston cylinder is located in the cavity, and a piston body is provided inside the piston cylinder.

[0013] Preferably, the cutting components are a first cutting blade and a second cutting blade that are hinged together. Both the first cutting blade and the second cutting blade are provided with guide blocks. The driven roller is provided with two wavy guide grooves extending along its circumference. When the guide blocks move along the guide grooves, the angle between the first cutting blade and the second cutting blade changes cyclically.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0015] This invention utilizes an unmanned surface vessel to propel a collection mechanism freely across the water, replacing manual collection methods. This not only improves the safety of the collection work but also enables the rapid collection and proper storage of aquatic vascular plant leaves, greatly enhancing the efficiency of the survey. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the collecting mechanism in this invention;

[0018] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0019] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between the cutting component and the driven roller in this invention;

[0020] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between the limiting block and the collecting roller in this invention;

[0021] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between the mounting plate and the guide platform in this invention.

[0022] In the diagram: 1. Unmanned surface vessel; 2. Hull; 3. Shaft 1; 4. Shaft 2; 5. Shaft 3; 6. Drive motor; 7. Active roller; 8. Driven roller; 9. Collecting roller; 10. Limiting block; 11. Cutting component; 12. Guide platform; 13. Mounting groove; 14. Telescopic rod; 15. Mounting plate; 16. Extrusion component; 17. Shaft 4; 18. Cam; 19. Return spring; 20. Piston cylinder; 21. Piston body; 22. Cutting blade 1; 23. Cutting blade 2; 24. Guide block; 25. Guide groove. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The present application will now be described in further detail. It should be noted that the following specific embodiments are only used to further illustrate the present application and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present application. Those skilled in the art can make some non-essential improvements and adjustments to the present application based on the above application content.

[0024] Example 1

[0025] like Figure 1-6 As shown, a lake aquatic vascular plant survey device based on an unmanned surface vessel (USV) includes an USV 1 and a collection mechanism mounted on the USV 1. The USV 1 drives the collection mechanism to move on the water surface to collect the leaves of lake aquatic vascular plants.

[0026] The collection mechanism includes a housing 2 with an opening on the side away from the unmanned surface vessel 1. Inside the housing 2 are a first shaft 3, a second shaft 4, and a third shaft 5. Outside the housing 2 is a drive motor 6 for rotating the first shaft 3. A drive roller 7 is concentrically mounted on the first shaft 3. A driven roller 8 that contacts the surface of the drive roller 7 is concentrically mounted on the second shaft 4. A collection roller 9 is concentrically mounted on the third shaft 5. The collection roller 9 has several grooves along its circumference, and a limiting block 10 for fixing the blades is provided at the grooves. A first transmission mechanism for rotating the third shaft 5 is provided between the third shaft 5 and the first shaft 3. The first transmission mechanism makes the rotational linear speed of the outer ring of the drive roller 7 and the end of the limiting block 10 away from the collection roller 9 equal. The housing 2 has a cutting piece 11 for cutting off the rootstock at the bottom of the blades, and a guide platform 12 for guiding the blades is provided inside the housing 2.

[0027] It should be noted that when the unmanned surface vessel 1 moves in the water, it drives the collection mechanism to approach the plant leaves. The drive motor 6 drives the first shaft 3 to rotate, causing the active roller 7 to rotate. The friction between the active roller 7 and the driven roller 8 causes the driven roller 8 to rotate in the opposite direction to the active roller 7. When the plant leaves approach the active roller 7, they are clamped by the active roller 7 and the driven roller 8 and transported towards the interior of the shell 2. As the plant leaves are transported, the roots at the bottom of the leaves are pulled. During the movement, the roots come into contact with the cutting element 11, which cuts the roots, allowing the leaves to pass smoothly through the active roller 7 and the driven roller 8. The leaves that have passed through the active roller 7 move to the guide table 12. The first shaft 3 drives the third shaft 5 to rotate through the first transmission mechanism, causing the collection roller 9 and the limiting block 10 to rotate. When the limiting block 10 comes into contact with the leaves, it passes through the leaves, fixing the leaves to the limiting block 10. As the collection roller 9 continues to rotate, the limiting block 10 can continuously store the leaves. When the blade is needed, simply remove it from the limiting block 10.

[0028] The first transmission mechanism includes a synchronous belt or chain between the first shaft 3 and the third shaft 5. The synchronous rotation of the first shaft 3 and the third shaft 5 can be achieved through the synchronous belt or chain, and the speed ratio between the first shaft 3 and the third shaft 5 can be controlled.

[0029] Example 2

[0030] The guide table 12 is provided with a mounting groove 13, and several telescopic rods 14 are provided in the mounting groove 13. A mounting plate 15 is provided at the end of each telescopic rod 14 near the collecting roller 9. An extrusion member 16 for pressing the blades towards the collecting roller 9 is provided on the side of the mounting plate 15 near the collecting roller 9. A fourth shaft 17 is provided inside the guide table 12. A cam 18 is concentrically mounted on the fourth shaft 17 to drive the mounting plate 15 to move. A return spring 19 is provided between the telescopic rods 14 and the mounting plate 15 to drive the mounting plate 15 to move. A second synchronous belt is provided between the second shaft 4 and the fourth shaft 17 to drive the fourth shaft 17 to rotate. When the driven roller 8 rotates, it drives the second shaft 4 to rotate. The second shaft 4 drives the fourth shaft 17 to rotate via the second synchronous belt, causing the cam 18 to rotate continuously. The cam 18 intermittently contacts the mounting plate 15 during rotation, causing the mounting plate 15 to intermittently approach the collecting roller 9. When the mounting plate 15 approaches the collecting roller 9, the extruder 16 also approaches the collecting roller 9. During its movement, the extruder 16 presses the blades fixed on the limiting block 10 toward the collecting roller 9, bringing the blades closer to the collecting roller 9. This not only exposes the end of the limiting block 10, facilitating better blade collection in the next cycle, but also prevents the blades from falling off the limiting block 10, ensuring proper blade collection. When the cam 18 moves away from the mounting plate 15, the return spring 19 moves the mounting plate 15 away from the collecting roller 9, causing the extruder 16 to move out of the movement trajectory of the limiting block 10, thus avoiding any impact on the movement of the limiting block 10.

[0031] The extrusion component 16 is a block-shaped object supported by rubber material. There are two or more extrusion components 16 arranged circumferentially along the collecting roller 9. The extrusion component 16 is made of soft material to prevent significant damage to the blades and also to avoid damage to the collecting mechanism when the extrusion component 16 collides with the limiting block 10. When moving, the extrusion component 16 is located on both sides of the limiting block 10, which can smoothly drive the blades to move on the surface of the limiting block 10, reducing the possibility of blade tearing.

[0032] Example 3

[0033] The collecting roller 9 has a hollow structure, with the groove communicating with the cavity. A piston cylinder 20 is mounted on the collecting roller 9. The piston cylinder 20 is a cylindrical body open at both ends, with one end located inside the cavity. A piston body 21 is located inside the piston cylinder 20. When removing the blade, the piston body 21 is pulled outward, reducing the air pressure inside the piston cylinder 20, thus allowing air from the cavity of the collecting roller 9 to enter the piston cylinder 20. The reduced air pressure causes the limiting block 10 at the groove to move towards the inner cavity of the collecting roller 9 under atmospheric pressure, allowing the limiting block 10 to enter the inner cavity. This movement of the limiting block 10 reduces the length of the portion protruding from the collecting roller 9, facilitating blade removal.

[0034] Example 4

[0035] The cutting components 11 consist of a first cutting blade 22 and a second cutting blade 23 hinged together. Both the first and second cutting blades 22 and 23 are equipped with guide blocks 24. The driven roller 8 has two wavy guide grooves 25 extending circumferentially. As the guide blocks 24 move along the guide grooves 25, the angle between the first and second cutting blades 22 and 23 changes cyclically. When the driven roller 8 rotates, the two guide grooves 25 on its surface rotate synchronously. The rotation of the guide grooves 25 causes the guide blocks 24 to oscillate reciprocally within them, thus causing the first and second cutting blades 22 and 23 to oscillate reciprocally along their hinge point. The first and second cutting blades 22 and 23 are essentially scissor-like objects. When they oscillate reciprocally, they can trim objects in their forward direction, cutting off the roots at the bottom of the blades. This prevents the roots from pulling on the blades as they enter the housing 2, ensuring proper blade collection.

[0036] The embodiments described above are merely examples of several implementations of the present invention, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A lake aquatic vascular plant survey device based on an unmanned surface vessel, characterized in that, Includes an unmanned surface vessel (1) and a collection mechanism mounted on the unmanned surface vessel (1). The unmanned surface vessel (1) drives the collection mechanism to move on the water surface to collect the leaves of aquatic vascular plants in the lake. The collection mechanism includes a housing (2), with an opening on the side of the housing (2) away from the unmanned surface vessel (1). Inside the housing (2) are a first shaft (3), a second shaft (4), and a third shaft (5). Outside the housing (2) is a drive motor (6) for rotating the first shaft (3). A driving roller (7) is concentrically mounted on the first shaft (3). A driven roller (8) is concentrically mounted on the second shaft (4) and contacts the surface of the driving roller (7). A collection roller (9) is concentrically mounted on the third shaft (5). (9) Several grooves are provided along its circumference. A limiting block (10) is provided at the groove to fix the blade. A transmission mechanism is provided between the third shaft (5) and the first shaft (3) to drive the third shaft (5) to rotate. The first transmission mechanism makes the rotational linear speed of the outer ring of the active roller (7) and the limiting block (10) at the end away from the collecting roller (9) equal. A cutting piece (11) is provided on the shell (2) to cut off the root of the blade. A guide platform (12) is provided inside the shell (2) to guide the blade. The collecting roller (9) has a cavity structure, and the groove is connected to the cavity. A piston cylinder (20) is provided on the collecting roller (9). The piston cylinder (20) is a cylinder with open ends. One end of the piston cylinder (20) is located in the cavity, and a piston body (21) is provided inside the piston cylinder (20). The guide table (12) is provided with an installation groove (13), and a number of telescopic rods (14) are provided at the installation groove (13). The end of the telescopic rod (14) near the collecting roller (9) is provided with an installation plate (15). The side of the installation plate (15) near the collecting roller (9) is provided with an extrusion piece (16) for pressing the blades toward the collecting roller (9). The guide table (12) is provided with a fourth shaft (17). A cam (18) is concentrically provided on the fourth shaft (17) to drive the installation plate (15) to move. A return spring (19) is provided between the telescopic rod (14) and the installation plate (15) to drive the installation plate (15) to move. A second synchronous belt is provided between the second shaft (4) and the fourth shaft (17) to drive the fourth shaft (17) to rotate. During the movement of the collection mechanism, the drive motor (6) drives the active roller (7) to rotate, and the active roller (7) drives the driven roller (8) to rotate synchronously to clamp the leaves of the lake aquatic vascular plants and transport them into the shell (2). The cutting piece (11) cuts off the rhizome, and the leaves that enter the shell (2) are fixed by the limiting block (10).

2. The lake aquatic vascular plant survey device based on an unmanned surface vessel (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first transmission mechanism includes a synchronous belt or chain between the first shaft (3) and the third shaft (5).

3. The lake aquatic vascular plant survey device based on an unmanned surface vessel (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The extrusion piece (16) is a block supported by rubber material. There are two or more extrusion pieces (16) arranged circumferentially along the collecting roller (9).

4. A lake aquatic vascular plant survey device based on an unmanned surface vessel (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cutting component (11) consists of a first cutting blade (22) and a second cutting blade (23) that are hinged together. Both the first cutting blade (22) and the second cutting blade (23) are provided with guide blocks (24). The driven roller (8) is provided with two wavy guide grooves (25) extending along its circumference. When the guide block (24) moves along the guide groove (25), the angle between the first cutting blade (22) and the second cutting blade (23) changes cyclically.

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