Graphene and boron nitride composite reinforced am60b magnesium alloy matrix composite material and method for electric arc additive manufacturing structural part

Abstract

This invention discloses a graphene and boron nitride composite reinforced AM60B magnesium alloy matrix composite material, which is composed of the following raw material components by weight percentage: GR powder 1.6-2.5%, c-B3N4 particles 1-10%, and the balance being semi-solid AM60B magnesium alloy particles for injection molding, with the sum of the weight percentages of the above components being 100%. This material solves the interface problem between single-layer graphene GR and the α-Mg grains of the magnesium alloy matrix, avoiding the problem of microcracks at the interface. It also discloses a method for preparing structural parts using arc additive manufacturing, employing the aforementioned graphene and boron nitride composite reinforced AM60B magnesium alloy matrix composite material as raw material.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of metal materials, powder metallurgy and additive manufacturing technology, specifically relating to a graphene and boron nitride composite reinforced AM60B magnesium alloy-based composite material. This invention relates to a method for preparing structural parts using graphene and boron nitride composite reinforced AM60B magnesium alloy-based composite material wire as raw material by arc additive manufacturing. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, with the increasing demand for lightweight materials, magnesium alloys have been used to replace aluminum alloys, steel, and cast iron. However, magnesium alloys have relatively low mechanical properties, with an elastic modulus of only about 45 GPa, which is significantly lower than these materials. Currently, to improve mechanical properties, many scholars and companies have developed a series of high-strength rare-earth magnesium alloys, achieving relatively ideal results. However, common high-strength magnesium alloys not only fail to meet the mechanical property requirements of high-strength aluminum alloys, but also fail to meet the elastic modulus requirements of aluminum alloys or other metallic materials.

[0003] Since the elastic modulus of a metallic material is an intrinsic property of the material and an important performance parameter for engineering materials, from a macroscopic perspective, it measures the extent to which an object resists elastic deformation. From a microscopic perspective, it reflects the bond strength between atoms, ions, or molecules. The higher the value, the greater the stress required to cause a certain elastic deformation, meaning the material is more rigid and, under a given stress, undergoes less elastic deformation. The elastic modulus E refers to the stress required for a material to produce a unit elastic deformation under external force; it is an indicator of a material's resistance to elastic deformation, equivalent to the stiffness of a common spring. Therefore, any factor affecting bond strength can influence the elastic modulus of a material, such as bonding method, crystal structure, chemical composition, microstructure, and temperature. Due to differences in alloy composition, heat treatment state, and cold plastic deformation, the Young's modulus value of metallic materials can fluctuate by as much as 5% or more. However, in general, the elastic modulus of metallic materials is a mechanical property that is insensitive to microstructure. Alloying, heat treatment (fibrous structure), and cold plastic deformation have little effect on the elastic modulus E. External factors such as temperature and loading rate also have little impact on it. Therefore, the elastic modulus is generally treated as a constant in engineering applications. The elastic modulus and Poisson's ratio of commonly used materials are shown in Table 1.

[0004] Table 1 Elastic modulus and Poisson's ratio of commonly used metallic materials

[0005]

[0006] To date, despite numerous technological advancements in magnesium alloy manufacturing, researchers have been unable to meet specific requirements, such as consistently achieving large-size, high-strength components with a UTS ≥ 450 MPa, or reaching the high elastic modulus (E ≥ 60 GPa) of metal structural components like those made of aluminum alloys, steel, cast iron, and titanium. However, current lightweight applications specifically demand performance indicators approaching those of aluminum alloys, such as mechanical strength and elastic modulus. Therefore, resolving the issues of low strength and low elastic modulus remains a challenging problem for researchers and manufacturers.

[0007] Since the strengthening effect of composite materials largely depends on their ability to transfer stress from the matrix to a stronger reinforcing phase, achieving a strong reinforcing phase / matrix interfacial bond is crucial. Therefore, the selection of the reinforcing material in composite materials is generally related to the physical properties, chemical compatibility, wettability, and load-bearing capacity of the matrix alloy, minimizing interfacial reactions between the reinforcing material and the matrix alloy. Currently, magnesium-based composite materials prepared from particles or short fibers are widely used due to their simple process, low cost, and good comprehensive mechanical properties. Commonly used reinforcing materials include carbon nanotubes (CNTs), carbon fibers, titanium fibers, boron fibers, Al2O3 particles and their short fibers, and SiC. P Or whiskers, B4C particles, boron nitride (B3N4) particles, graphene (GR), etc. Among them, c -B3N4 particles are currently the most stable phase among the six known B3N4 structures through theoretical design. Meanwhile, c -B3N4 possesses high thermal conductivity, a large elastic modulus, and high stiffness. It is foreseeable that boron nitride... c The addition of B3N4 particles and graphene GR composites to AM60B magnesium alloy can yield AM60B magnesium alloy-based composite materials with high elastic modulus and high stiffness.

[0008] Currently, the main methods for preparing GR-reinforced magnesium-based composite materials are the traditional casting method and powder metallurgy method. For example, the patent "A Method for Preparing Graphene-Reinforced Magnesium-Based Composite Materials" (application number: 201910031951.8, publication number: CN109593985A, publication date: 2019.04.09) discloses the preparation of graphene-reinforced magnesium-based composite materials using reduced graphene oxide, lanthanum nitrate, nickel acetate, and magnesium alloy as raw materials by vacuum casting. Although this method can achieve uniform dispersion of graphene in the matrix, the preparation process is cumbersome. The patent application "A Die Casting Preparation Method of Graphene-Reinforced Magnesium Matrix Composite" (Application No.: 201811547242.7, Publication No.: CN109371273A, Publication Date: 2019.02.22) discloses a semi-solid die casting method for preparing graphene (GR)-reinforced magnesium matrix composites. When using the melt casting method to prepare composites, defects such as component segregation, shrinkage cavities, and porosity can occur during the melt casting process, leading to lower material performance. Furthermore, due to the density difference between GR and the magnesium matrix, GR is difficult to disperse uniformly in the magnesium alloy melt; moreover, at high temperatures, GR easily re-agglomerates or reconstructs, weakening its dispersion effect and potentially losing its advantages, thus deteriorating the composite material's performance. Composite materials prepared using ordinary sintering methods suffer from poor density, weak interfacial bonding, and low yield, making large-scale production difficult.

[0009] The patent "SW-CNTs Fiber Reinforced Magnesium Alloy Matrix Composite Wire and Method" (Application No.: CN201911303050.6, Authorization Announcement No.: CN111020417B, Authorization Announcement Date: 2021-06-29) discloses SW-CNTs fiber reinforced magnesium alloy matrix composite wire. The SW-CNTs short fiber content is low, and its improvement on the elastic modulus is not significant. The patent also mentions SW-CNTs and N-SiC... p The patent application "Reinforced Magnesium Alloy Workpieces and Methods" (Application No.: CN201911303080.7, Authorization Announcement No.: CN111057972B, Authorization Announcement Date: August 6, 2021) discloses SW-CNTs and N-SiC. p Strengthening magnesium alloy workpieces significantly improves the elastic modulus. (GR / N-SiC) p The patent application "Composite Reinforced Magnesium Matrix Composite Material and Preparation Method Thereof" (Application No.: CN201911304582.1, Authorization Announcement No.: CN111057923B, Authorization Announcement Date: June 15, 2021) discloses GR / N-SiC P Composite reinforced magnesium-based composite materials: This preparation method solves the problem of N-SiC PThe agglomeration problem can contribute to improving the elastic modulus. Furthermore, all the aforementioned patents utilize composite material workpieces or wires prepared from magnesium powder or magnesium alloy powder using rapid solidification. However, due to the use of rapid solidification technology for powder preparation, the manufacturing process is cumbersome and the production cost is high. Therefore, the production process of these magnesium-based or magnesium alloy-based composite materials is complex, resulting in a high overall cost.

[0010] In recent years, as the semi-solid injection molding process for magnesium alloys has matured, the commonly used raw material, AM60B magnesium alloy particles, are typically long, mechanically cut particles with a size of approximately Φ2-4mm. During production, about 10-15% of these particles are fine, fragmented waste material of 0.1-0.5mm. Currently, the common method is to return this fine waste material to the factory for remelting. However, due to the small size of these magnesium alloy particles, they pose a series of hazards during storage and transportation, including flammability, explosiveness, moisture susceptibility, and oxidation. Furthermore, the remelting and recycling process faces significant difficulties and risks, resulting in high recycling costs, which undoubtedly increases the overall cost of the semi-solid injection molded structural parts.

[0011] c -B3N4 particles are the most stable phase among the six known boron nitride (B3N4) structures designed in recent years through theoretical design, with space group I43. d It has a hardness of 34.3 GPa, close to the threshold of 40 GPa for superhard materials, and exhibits weak elastic anisotropy. Meanwhile, c -B3N4 has a Debye temperature as high as 1532.5K, thus exhibiting high thermal conductivity, a large elastic modulus, and high stiffness. Therefore, it can be predicted that... c The addition of B3N4 particles and graphene GR composites to AM60B magnesium alloy can yield AM60B magnesium alloy-based composite materials with high elastic modulus and high stiffness.

[0012] Metal matrix composites have been developed for over 40 years, with rapid advancements in various types and expanding applications, leading to higher demands on their properties. However, fundamental research on the composite mechanism and interfacial strengthening mechanism of magnesium-based composites remains insufficient. In particular, due to the reactive nature of magnesium, chemical reactions may occur, causing decomposition and alteration of the particle-reinforcing phase. Furthermore, the preparation process urgently needs improvement and refinement, and the stability of the reinforcing phase, as well as the mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of the matrix, require further enhancement.

[0013] With the development of aerospace technology, the use of magnesium-based composites to meet the needs of certain applications has become urgent. This is necessary to achieve high specific strength, modulus, hardness, dimensional stability, as well as excellent wear resistance, corrosion resistance, vibration damping, and high-temperature performance. Currently, magnesium alloy matrix composites reinforced with graphene (GR) have been reported; however, GR and...c There are no reports on the research of magnesium alloy matrix composites reinforced with B3N4 particles. Summary of the Invention

[0014] The first objective of this invention is to provide a graphene and boron nitride composite reinforced AM60B magnesium alloy matrix composite material, which solves the interface problem between single-layer graphene (GR) and the α-Mg grains of the magnesium alloy matrix, and avoids the problem of microcracks at the interface; secondly, it solves... c -B3N4 particle aggregation problem, avoiding the problem caused by c -Microscopic defects caused by the aggregation of B3N4 particles.

[0015] The second objective of this invention is to provide a method for preparing structural components using graphene and boron nitride composite reinforced AM60B magnesium alloy matrix composite material as raw material via arc additive manufacturing. This method effectively avoids the multilayering and burn-off problems that occur in GR (Growth Processing) and ensures that the structural component has high elastic modulus, high stiffness, and a certain elongation.

[0016] The first technical solution adopted in this invention is a graphene and boron nitride composite reinforced AM60B magnesium alloy matrix composite material, which is composed of the following raw material components by weight percentage: GR powder 1.6-2.5%, c - 1-10% B3N4 particles, the balance being fine granular waste from the machining of semi-solid AM60B magnesium alloy particles during injection molding, and the sum of the weight percentages of the above components is 100%.

[0017] The invention is further characterized in that,

[0018] GR powder is a single-layer graphene dry powder; c -B3N4 particles have a nominal size of 0.5μm; AM60B magnesium alloy particles are fine waste powder from the machining of semi-solid AM60B magnesium alloy particles during mechanical cutting, and their size is approximately 0.1-0.5mm, which are irregular cutting particles.

[0019] The second technical solution adopted in this invention is a method for preparing structural components using arc additive manufacturing, which uses graphene and boron nitride composite reinforced AM60B magnesium alloy-based composite wire as raw material, and specifically includes the following steps:

[0020] Step 1, High-energy ball milling:

[0021] Weigh the following raw materials according to their weight percentages: GR powder 1.6-2.5%, c -B3N4 particles 1-10%, balance AM60B magnesium alloy particles, the sum of the weight percentages of the above components is 100%; weigh the GR powder, c -B3N4 particles and AM60B magnesium alloy particles were ball-milled;

[0022] Step 2, extrusion molding:

[0023] The GR powder after ball milling in step 1, c The mixture of B3N4 particles and AM60B magnesium alloy particles is extruded in two steps.

[0024] Step 3, Wafer Arc Additive Manufacturing (WAAM) Forming:

[0025] WAAM (Waste Electric Arc Additive Manufacturing) uses AZ31 magnesium alloy sheet as substrate and performs WAAM additive manufacturing in GMAW mode.

[0026] The invention is further characterized in that,

[0027] In step 1, the weighed GR powder, c The mixture of B3N4 particles and AM60B magnesium alloy particles was placed together in a high-energy ball mill at 71 rpm (motor speed of 2840 rpm, reduction ratio of 1:40) and ball-milled for 24-36 hours under argon protection.

[0028] In step 1, the ball-to-material ratio for ball milling is 2-5:10; the diameter of the grinding balls used is Φ6-10mm, and the grinding balls are ZrO2 balls.

[0029] In step 2, the GR powder after ball milling in step 1, c The mixture of B3N4 particles and AM60B magnesium alloy particles is first reciprocated to form a bulk material (Reciprocating Extrusion, RE), and then subjected to ordinary positive extrusion to produce AM60B magnesium alloy-based composite filaments. The filament diameter is Φ0.8-1.6mm, commonly used in WAAM. Magnesium alloy-based composite filaments with other compositions can also be produced as needed, with different filament diameters, such as Φ0.5-3.2mm.

[0030] In step 2, the GR powder after ball milling in step 1, c - The reciprocating extrusion device used when the mixture of B3N4 particles and AM60B magnesium alloy particles is first reciprocated to form a block material is: including a first extrusion barrel, a die and a second extrusion barrel are arranged sequentially on one side of the first extrusion barrel, and a heating element is sleeved on the outer wall of the first extrusion barrel, the second extrusion barrel and the die.

[0031] The first extrusion barrel has a first cavity, and the second extrusion barrel has a second cavity; the die is composed of a first half die and a second half die. After the first half die and the second half die are closed, an hourglass-shaped die cavity is formed inside. The first cavity, the die cavity and the second cavity are connected in sequence to form the extrusion cavity.

[0032] A first extrusion rod is provided in the first cavity of the first extrusion barrel, and a second extrusion rod is provided in the second cavity of the second extrusion barrel; the heating element is a resistance heating coil.

[0033] In step 2, the reciprocating extrusion process is specifically as follows:

[0034] The GR powder after ball milling in step 1, c -B3N4 particles and AM60B magnesium alloy particles are placed in an extrusion cavity formed by the sequential connection of a first extrusion barrel, a die, and a second extrusion barrel. Under the action of the first and second extrusion rods, the cavity is filled. An electric heating element is applied to heat the material, causing the extrusion process to proceed at a temperature above 225°C. GR powder, c The mixture of B3N4 particles and AM60B magnesium alloy particles is used as the extruded material. With the first extrusion rod and the second extrusion rod reciprocating, the extruded material flows through the constriction of the die and is squeezed and made thinner. After passing through the constriction of the die, the extruded material enters the other end and is immediately compressed and upset. This process of reciprocating extrusion and upsetting is repeated 4 times, that is, 4-pass reciprocating extrusion is achieved.

[0035] In step 2, the reciprocating extrusion ratio for preparing the bulk composite material is 10-25, and the extrusion temperature is 450℃-480℃. The extrusion temperature for the ordinary positive extrusion of the composite material filament is 500-520℃. The diameter of the composite material filament is Φ0.8-1.6mm, commonly used in Wafer Arc Additive Manufacturing (WAAM). Alternatively, magnesium alloy-based composite material filaments of other compositions can be produced as needed, with different filament diameters, such as Φ0.5-3.2mm. The extrusion temperature for the ordinary positive extrusion of the composite material filament is 500-520℃.

[0036] In step 3, the GMAW heat source is the CMT+P mode with added pulses. The GMAW welding power source in the WAAM process adopts a diversified design, meaning that while the wire feed speed is changed, the welding current and welding voltage can still be changed autonomously. The welding speed, i.e., the travel speed of the welding torch installed on the robot, can also be selected as needed. The process parameters for CMT+P mode are: welding current 60-150A, welding voltage 12-15V, wire feed speed 6-15m / min, welding speed 5-15mm / s. The path form used in CMT+P mode is: a "Z" shaped path for single-pass walls or a "spiral ascending" path for closed shapes. Argon gas protection is used in the WAAM process.

[0037] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0038] (1) The graphene and boron nitride composite reinforced AM60B magnesium alloy matrix composite material of the present invention firstly avoids the multilayering and burn-off problems of GR, solves the interface problem between single-layer graphene GR and magnesium alloy matrix α-Mg grains, and avoids the problem of microcracks at the interface between the two; secondly, it solves the problem of... c -B3N4 reunification issue, avoiding the problem of... c Microscopic defects caused by the aggregation of -B3N4.

[0039] (2) The method of the present invention uses AM60B magnesium alloy fine powder particles obtained by mechanical cutting, and then adds a reinforcing phase. c -B3N4 particles or GR, combined with mechanical powder mixing processes, can promote the uniform distribution of these particle-reinforcing phases, effectively preventing particle agglomeration. Further processing using plastic deformation processes such as powder metallurgy and extrusion further promotes the growth of GR and... c -B3N4 particle-reinforced phase inversion, flow, and secondary distribution, and can be used to prepare GR and c -B3N4 uniformly distributed magnesium-based composite wires; then, these wires are used directly for wire arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) of structural components, thereby obtaining magnesium alloy-based composite materials and structural parts. Due to the melting of the wire by the electric arc, the transport and flow of droplets, and the stirring effect of the arc force on the micro-molten pool, GR and... c Further dispersion and uniform distribution of -B3N4 particles not only directly yields complex 3D printed metal matrix composite structural parts, but also facilitates the production of GR and c - A magnesium alloy matrix composite with uniformly distributed B3N4 particle reinforcement phase. Simultaneously, it achieves magnesium alloy matrix composites with high elastic modulus and high stiffness. It effectively avoids the multilayering and burn-off problems associated with GR (reinforced magnesium alloy), and solves the interface problem between single-layer GR and the α-Mg grains of the magnesium alloy matrix, preventing microcracks at the interface; furthermore, it solves... c -B3N4 reunification issue, avoiding the problem of... c The microscopic defects caused by the aggregation of -B3N4 can ensure that the composite material has high elastic modulus, high stiffness and a certain elongation.

[0040] (3) The preparation method of this invention avoids the problems of existing technologies, namely casting and powder metallurgy methods, which involve GR and c- This addresses a series of issues related to B3N4 dispersion, agglomeration, and density, as well as the combustion and explosion of magnesium alloy powder. In particular, it avoids the multilayering and burn-off problems associated with GR (Gross Graphene), and resolves the interface problem between monolayer graphene GR and magnesium grains, preventing interface microcracks. The microstructure exhibits no obvious GR-magnesium grain interface defects and no significant cracks. Furthermore, it particularly solves... c -The aggregation problem of B3N4 particles was fully utilized. c -B3N4 particles reinforce the matrix, resulting in a very uniform microstructure with no obvious... c Large particle defects formed by the aggregation of -B3N4 particles. c -B3N4 particles are evenly distributed, avoiding c -Microscopic defects caused by B3N4 particle agglomeration. These fully utilize GR and c The comprehensive mechanical and physicochemical properties of AM60B magnesium alloy-based composite material reinforced with B3N4.

[0041] (4) The preparation method of the present invention combines reciprocating extrusion to prepare controllable GR / c -B3N4 reinforced AM60B magnesium alloy matrix composite wire, combined with WAAM process to directly prepare GR / c AM60B magnesium alloy-based composite structural components reinforced with B3N4 composite. This composite material simultaneously possesses high strength, high elastic modulus, high stiffness, and GR / c -B3N4 composite reinforcement possesses advantages such as high hardness, high wear resistance, and high friction reduction properties, and fully utilizes the large plastic deformation characteristics of reciprocating extrusion (RE) to enhance the GR / c -B3N4 further flows, rotates, and breaks down during the extrusion and upsetting deformation processes in the RE process, resulting in GR / c -B3N4 distribution is more uniform; due to the large strain of large plastic deformation, GR / c -B3N4 exhibits better interfacial bonding with the AM60B alloy magnesium matrix, ensuring a certain elongation of the composite filament. Simultaneously, during the WAAM process, the filament melts into droplets under the arc heating of the CMT power supply and undergoes electromagnetic stirring under the action of a P pulse, further promoting GR / c The secondary distribution of B3N4 particles within AM60B alloy droplets and micro-melting pools, these processes all promote GR / c The uniform distribution of -B3N4 particles allows for rapid solidification under the rapid cooling conditions of the micro-melt pool. Therefore, the obtained GR / c The microstructure of AM60B magnesium alloy-based composite structural parts reinforced with B3N4 is uniformly distributed.

[0042] (5) GR / prepared by the method of the present invention c The AM60B magnesium alloy matrix composite structural parts reinforced with B3N4 exhibit a fine microstructure with a grain size of only 0.1-2 μm, and possess excellent mechanical properties, achieving a tensile strength ≥400 MPa, elongation ≥6%, and density ≤2.0 g / cm³. 3 The elastic modulus reaches approximately 55-80 GPa. This expands the application fields of magnesium alloys and magnesium-based composite materials, especially meeting the needs of magnesium alloy-based composite materials in some special applications requiring high strength, high elastic modulus, and high stiffness. Attached Figure Description

[0043] Figure 1 This is a schematic flowchart of the method of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the working principle of the method of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the reciprocating extrusion device used in the method of the present invention;

[0046] In the diagram, 1. AM60B magnesium alloy ingot, 2. AM60B magnesium alloy ingot cutting and sieving, 3. AM60B magnesium alloy coarse particles for semi-solid injection, 4. Semi-solid injection device, 5. Semi-solid injection steering wheel structural component, 6. Fine particle waste powder from the machining of AM60B magnesium alloy particles for semi-solid injection (0.1-0.5mm waste fine powder generated from the machining of coarse particles of magnesium alloy for semi-solid injection), 7. GR powder, 8. c -B3N4 particles, 9GR powder, c - High-energy ball milling process of B3N4 powder and AM60B powder mixture, 10. Reciprocating extrusion device, 11. GR / c - B3N4 composite reinforced magnesium alloy matrix extruded wire, 12. Additive manufacturing WAAM welding robot and welding torch, 13. AZ31 alloy substrate for WAAM, 14. CMT+P mode power supply, 15. WAAM's GR / c -B3N4 composite reinforced AM60B magnesium alloy matrix composite structural components;

[0047] 10-1. First extrusion rod; 10-2. First extrusion barrel; 10-3. Die; 10-4. Heating element; 10-5. Second extrusion barrel; 10-6. GR powder to be extruded and ball-milled. c - A mixture of B3N4 powder and AM60B powder, 10-7. Second extrusion rod; 10-2-1. First cavity; 10-3-1. First half-die; 10-3-2. Second half-die; 10-3-3. Die cavity; 10-3-4. Second cavity. Detailed Implementation

[0048] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0049] This invention provides a graphene and boron nitride composite reinforced AM60B magnesium alloy matrix composite material, composed of the following raw material components by weight percentage: GR powder 1.6-2.5%, c -1-10% B3N4 particles, the balance being fine granular waste powder from the machining of semi-solid AM60B magnesium alloy particles during injection molding, and the sum of the weight percentages of the above components is 100%.

[0050] Among them, GR powder is a single-layer graphene dry powder; c -B3N4 particles have a nominal size of 0.5μm; AM60B magnesium alloy particles are obtained by cutting and sieving AM60B magnesium alloy ingot 1. Among them, coarse AM60B magnesium alloy particles 3 with a particle size of 2-4mm are used as raw materials for semi-solid injection molding structural parts. They are processed by semi-solid injection device 4 (the semi-solid injection device disclosed in application number: 201911303050.6, invention title: "SW-CNTs fiber reinforced magnesium alloy matrix composite material filament and method") to obtain semi-solid injection steering wheel structural parts 5. Another part of the fine fragmented waste powder 6 from the mechanical cutting of semi-solid injection AM60B magnesium alloy particles with a particle size of 0.1-0.5mm is used as the raw material for the magnesium alloy matrix composite material of the present invention.

[0051] GR / c The microstructure of the WAAM structural component made of B3N4 composite reinforced AM60B magnesium alloy matrix showed no obvious GR lamellar accumulation and no obvious microcracks. c -B3N4 particles also showed no obvious aggregation and were distributed very evenly.

[0052] This invention also provides a method for fabricating structural components using arc additive manufacturing technology, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the method uses graphene and boron nitride composite reinforced AM60B magnesium alloy-based composite wire as raw material, specifically including the following steps, such as... Figure 2-3 As shown:

[0053] Step 1, High-energy ball milling (GR powder, c -High-energy ball milling process of B3N4 powder and AM60B powder mixture 9):

[0054] Weigh the following raw materials according to their weight percentages: GR powder 1.6-2.5%, c -B3N4 particles 1-10%, balance AM60B magnesium alloy particles, the sum of the weight percentages of the above components is 100%; weigh the GR powder,c -B3N4 particles and AM60B magnesium alloy particles were ball-milled;

[0055] In step 1, weigh out 7g of GR powder. c -B3N4 particles and AM60B magnesium alloy particles were mixed together in a high-energy ball mill at 71 rpm (motor speed of 2840 rpm, reduction ratio of 1:40) and ball-milled for 24-36 hours under argon protection.

[0056] In step 1, the weight of the grinding balls is equal to the weight of the GR powder to be ground. c The ball-to-particle ratio for ball milling is 2-5:10, consisting of 20-50% of the total weight of B3N4 particles and AM60B magnesium alloy particles. The diameter of the grinding balls used is Φ6-10mm, and the grinding balls are ZrO2 balls.

[0057] Step 2, extrusion molding:

[0058] The GR powder after ball milling in step 1, c The mixture of B3N4 particles and AM60B magnesium alloy particles is extruded in two steps.

[0059] In step 2, the GR powder after ball milling in step 1, c The mixture of B3N4 particles and AM60B magnesium alloy particles is first reciprocated to form a bulk material (Reciprocating Extrusion, RE), and then processed into AM60B magnesium alloy-based composite filaments through conventional positive extrusion. The filament diameter is Φ0.8-1.6mm, commonly used in WAAM. Alternatively, magnesium alloy-based composite filaments with other compositions can be produced as needed, with varying diameters, such as Φ0.5-3.2mm.

[0060] In step 2, the GR powder after ball milling in step 1, c -A mixture of B3N4 particles and AM60B magnesium alloy particles (GR powder to be extruded and ball-milled) c The reciprocating extrusion device used when the mixture of -B3N4 particles and AM60B magnesium alloy particles 10-6 is first reciprocated to form a bulk material (application number 201911304582.1, invention title: "GR / N-SiC") is used to extrude the mixture of -B3N4 particles and AM60B magnesium alloy particles into a bulk material. P The reciprocating extrusion apparatus disclosed in "Composite Reinforced Magnesium Matrix Composites and Their Preparation Methods" (such as...) Figure 3 As shown, it includes a first extrusion barrel 10-2, a die 10-3 and a second extrusion barrel 10-5 are sequentially arranged on one side of the first extrusion barrel 10-2, and a heating element 10-4 is sleeved on the outer wall of the first extrusion barrel 10-2, the second extrusion barrel 10-5 and the die 10-3.

[0061] The first extrusion barrel 10-2 has a first cavity 10-2-1 inside, and the second extrusion barrel 10-5 has a second cavity 10-3-4 inside; the die 10-3 is composed of a first half die 10-3-1 and a second half die 10-3-2. After the first half die 10-3-1 and the second half die 10-3-2 are closed, an hourglass-shaped die cavity 10-3-3 is formed inside. The first cavity 10-2-1, the die cavity 10-3-3 and the second cavity 10-3-4 are sequentially connected to form the extrusion cavity.

[0062] A first extrusion rod 10-1 is provided in the first cavity 10-2-1 of the first extrusion barrel 10-2, and a second extrusion rod 10-7 is provided in the second cavity 10-3-4 of the second extrusion barrel 10-5.

[0063] The heating element 10-4 is a resistance heating coil.

[0064] In step 2, the reciprocating extrusion process is specifically as follows:

[0065] The GR powder after extrusion and ball milling in step 1, c -B3N4 particles and AM60B magnesium alloy particles mixture 10-6 are placed in the extrusion cavity formed by the sequential connection of the first extrusion barrel 10-2, the die 10-3, and the second extrusion barrel 10-5, and are filled by the first extrusion rod 10-1 and the second extrusion rod 10-7. The heating element 10-4 is energized and heated so that the extrusion process is carried out at a certain temperature above 225°C; the GR powder after ball milling is to be extruded, c -The mixture of B3N4 particles and AM60B magnesium alloy particles, 10-6, is used as the extruded material. With the first extrusion rod 10-1 and the second extrusion rod 10-7 reciprocating, the extruded material is compressed and thinned at the constriction point of the die. After passing through the constriction point of the die 10-3, the extruded material enters the other end and is immediately compressed and upset again. This reciprocating extrusion and upsetting process is repeated four times, resulting in four passes of reciprocating extrusion to obtain GR / c -B3N4 composite reinforced magnesium alloy matrix composite extruded wire 11.

[0066] In step 2, the reciprocating extrusion ratio for preparing the bulk composite material is 10-25, and the extrusion temperature is 450℃-480℃. The extrusion temperature for the ordinary positive extrusion of the composite material filament is 500-520℃. The diameter of the composite material filament is Φ0.8-1.6mm, commonly used in Wafer Arc Additive Manufacturing (WAAM). Alternatively, magnesium alloy-based composite material filaments of other compositions can be produced as needed, with different filament diameters, such as Φ0.5-3.2mm. The extrusion temperature for the ordinary positive extrusion of the composite material filament is 500-520℃.

[0067] Reciprocating extrusion is a high-plasticity deformation technology that combines extrusion and upsetting simultaneously. The reciprocating extrusion step can effectively process GR powder, c -B3N4 particles and AM60B magnesium alloy particles are kneaded together. With each extrusion, the unmixed areas gradually shrink and disappear, while the well-mixed areas expand, resulting in a fine and uniform microstructure and improved material strength and ductility. After several reciprocating extrusions, the AM60B magnesium alloy particles achieve optimal welding and densification. More importantly, the extruded composite material can recover its original shape after each extrusion, and during material flow, tumbling, and deformation, the GR powder... c -The interface between B3N4 particles and AM60B magnesium alloy particles gradually reaches optimal bonding, and may improve GR / c -B3N4 particles penetrate the magnesium grains through the recrystallization of AM60B magnesium alloy particles, thus strengthening the grains. Furthermore, reciprocating extrusion effectively eliminates and breaks down interfacial oxide films and pores in the initial material, and harmonizes different phases and GR / c -B3N4 particles exhibit a diffuse and uniform distribution.

[0068] Step 3, Wafer Arc Additive Manufacturing (WAAM) Forming:

[0069] WAAM (Wireless Arc Additive Manufacturing) uses commonly used AZ31 magnesium alloy sheet as the AZ31 alloy substrate for WAAM 13. WAAM adopts GR / c -B3N4 composite reinforced AM60B magnesium alloy matrix composite extruded wire 11, under the control of additive manufacturing WAAM welding robot and welding torch 12, achieves GR / c -B3N4 composite reinforced AM60B magnesium alloy matrix composite extruded wire 11 is used to achieve additive manufacturing of WAAM according to the planned path and relevant parameters. WAAM is mainly carried out in the GMAW heat source mode. The GMAW heat source is a CMT+P mode power supply 14 with added pulses. The GMAW welding power supply in the WAAM process adopts a diversified design, that is, while changing the wire feed speed, the welding current and welding voltage can still be changed autonomously. The welding speed, i.e., the travel speed of the welding torch installed on the robot, can also be selected as needed. The process parameters of CMT+P mode are welding current 60-150A, welding voltage 12-15V, wire feed speed 6-15m / min, and welding speed 5-15mm / s. For example, the path form used in single-pass CMT+P mode is: a "Z" shaped path for single-pass walls or a "spiral ascending" path for closed shapes; argon gas protection is used in the WAAM process. Finally, the GR / c -B3N4 composite reinforced AM60B magnesium alloy matrix composite structural component 15.

[0070] GR / prepared by the above method c AM60B magnesium alloy-based composite material WAAM structural components reinforced with B3N4 exhibit excellent performance, with a grain size of less than 2μm, achieving a tensile strength ≥400MPa, elongation ≥6%, and density ≤2.0g / cm³. 3 The elastic modulus reaches approximately 55-80 GPa. This expands the application fields of magnesium alloys and magnesium-based composite materials, especially meeting the needs of magnesium alloy-based composite materials in some special applications requiring high strength, high elastic modulus, and high stiffness.

[0071] The preparation method of this invention involves directly reacting AM60B magnesium alloy particles with GR / c -B3N4 particles are subjected to high-energy ball milling and mixing to ensure uniform mixing of the three components and avoid... c -B3N4 agglomeration solves the problems associated with GR and [other processes] existing methods using casting and powder metallurgy. c The study addressed a series of issues related to the dispersion, agglomeration, and density of B3N4, as well as the combustion and explosion of magnesium alloy powder. In particular, it resolved the multilayering and burn-off problems associated with GR (Gross Refined Metallurgy), and addressed the interface issue between monolayer graphene GR and magnesium grains, preventing microcracks at the interface. The microstructure exhibits no obvious GR-magnesium grain interface defects or cracks. Furthermore, it significantly improved... c The reunification issue of -B3N4 fully demonstrates... c -B3N4 particles reinforce the matrix, resulting in a very uniform microstructure with no obvious... c Large particle defects formed by the aggregation of -B3N4. c -B3N4 particles are evenly distributed, avoiding c -Microscopic defects caused by B3N4 aggregation. These fully utilize GR / c The comprehensive mechanical and physicochemical properties of AM60B magnesium alloy-based composite material reinforced with B3N4.

[0072] The preparation method of this invention combines reciprocating extrusion to prepare controllable GR / c -B3N4 and AM60B magnesium alloy-based composite wires, combined with WAAM direct molding GR / c AM60B magnesium alloy-based composite structural components reinforced with B3N4 composite. This composite material simultaneously possesses high strength, high elastic modulus, high stiffness, and GR / c -B3N4 composite reinforcement possesses advantages such as high hardness, high wear resistance, and high friction reduction properties, and fully utilizes the large plastic deformation characteristics of reciprocating extrusion (RE) to enhance the GR / c -B3N4 further flows, rotates, and breaks down during the extrusion and upsetting deformation processes in the RE process, resulting in GR / c-B3N4 distribution is more uniform; due to the large strain of large plastic deformation, GR / c -B3N4 exhibits better interfacial bonding with the AM60B alloy magnesium matrix, ensuring a certain elongation of the composite material. Simultaneously, during the WAAM process, the wire melts into droplets under the arc heating effect of the CMT+P power supply, and undergoes electromagnetic stirring under the action of the P pulse. This promotes GR / c The secondary distribution of B3N4 particles within AM60B alloy droplets and micro-melting pools, these processes all promote GR / c The uniform distribution of -B3N4 particles allows for rapid solidification under the rapid cooling conditions of the micro-melt pool. Therefore, the obtained GR / c The microstructure of AM60B magnesium alloy-based composite structural parts reinforced with B3N4 is uniformly distributed.

[0073] Example 1

[0074] Weigh the following raw materials according to their weight percentages: GR powder 1.6%, c The composition consists of 1% B3N4 particles and the balance being AM60B magnesium alloy particles, with the sum of the weight percentages of all components being 100%. The GR powder is a single-layer graphene dry powder. c The nominal particle size of -B3N4 particles is 0.5μm. Irregularly cut AM60B alloy particles with a size of approximately 0.1-0.5mm were selected as the matrix of the composite material. Φ6mm ZrO2 grinding balls were used, wherein the weight of the grinding balls was equal to the weight of the GR powder to be ball-milled. c - 20% by weight of B3N4 particles and AM60B alloy particles. High-energy ball mill speed 71 rpm, high-energy ball milling and mixing for 24 hours under argon protection.

[0075] Mix the GR powder thoroughly and evenly. c A mixture of B3N4 particles and AM60B alloy particles is placed in a dedicated reciprocating extrusion apparatus and subjected to four passes of reciprocating extrusion with a ratio of 12 at 450°C for large plastic deformation. It is then removed and subjected to ordinary forward extrusion at 500°C to produce Φ0.8mm GR / c AM60B magnesium alloy-based composite wire reinforced with B3N4 composite.

[0076] Using Φ0.8mm GR / c-B3N4 composite reinforced AM60B magnesium alloy matrix composite wire was used to directly fabricate structural components on AZ31 substrate using WAAM (Waste Metal Aluminum Metallurgy) technology. The power supply employed a CMT+P mode, and a robot-driven welding torch followed a planned path for welding. A zigzag path was used for each wall pass. The welding current was 60A, welding voltage 12V, wire feed speed 6m / min, and welding speed 5mm / s. Local argon gas protection was used for the WAAM process.

[0077] The obtained GR / c The AM60B magnesium alloy matrix composite WAAM structural parts reinforced with B3N4 have a fine microstructure with a grain size of 0.1-2 μm, excellent mechanical properties, a room temperature tensile strength of 400 MPa, an elongation of 10%, and a density of 1.82 g / cm³. 3 Its elastic modulus is 55 GPa.

[0078] Example 2

[0079] Weigh the following raw materials according to their weight percentages: GR powder 2.5%, c The composition consists of 10% B3N4 particles and the balance being AM60B magnesium alloy particles, with the sum of the weight percentages of all components being 100%. The GR powder is a single-layer graphene dry powder. c The nominal particle size of -B3N4 particles is 0.5μm. Irregularly cut AM60B alloy particles with a size of approximately 0.1-0.5mm were selected as the matrix of the composite material. Φ10mm ZrO2 grinding balls were used, wherein the weight of the grinding balls was equal to the weight of the GR powder to be ball-milled. c -50% by weight of B3N4 particles and AM60B alloy particles. High-energy ball mill speed 71 rpm, high-energy ball milling and mixing for 36 hours under argon protection.

[0080] Mix the GR powder thoroughly and evenly. c A mixture of B3N4 particles and AM60B alloy particles is placed in a dedicated reciprocating extrusion apparatus and subjected to four passes of reciprocating extrusion with a ratio of 12 at 450°C for large plastic deformation. It is then removed and extruded at 520°C using conventional forward extrusion to produce Φ1.6mm GR / c AM60B magnesium alloy-based composite wire reinforced with B3N4 composite.

[0081] Using Φ1.6mm GR / cStructural components were manufactured directly on AZ31 substrate using AM60B magnesium alloy matrix composite wire reinforced with B3N4 composite material. The power supply employed a CMT+P mode, with a robot-driven welding torch following a planned path. The closed-loop shape followed a spiral-ascending path. The welding current was 150A, welding voltage 15V, wire feed speed 15m / min, and welding speed 15mm / s. Local argon gas protection was used for the molten pool during the WAAM process.

[0082] The obtained GR / c The AM60B magnesium alloy matrix composite WAAM structural parts reinforced with B3N4 have a fine microstructure with a grain size of 1-2 μm, excellent mechanical properties, a room temperature tensile strength of 510 MPa, an elongation of 6%, and a density of 1.94 g / cm³. 3 Its elastic modulus is 80 GPa.

[0083] Example 3

[0084] Weigh the following raw materials according to their weight percentages: GR powder 1.8%, c The composition consists of 5% B3N4 particles and the balance being AM60B magnesium alloy particles, with the sum of the weight percentages of all components being 100%. The GR powder is a single-layer graphene dry powder. c The nominal particle size of -B3N4 particles is 0.5μm. Irregularly cut AM60B alloy particles with a size of approximately 0.1-0.5mm were selected as the matrix of the composite material. Φ8mm ZrO2 grinding balls were used, wherein the weight of the grinding balls was equal to the weight of the GR powder to be ball-milled. c -30% by weight of B3N4 particles and AM60B alloy particles. High-energy ball milling was performed at 71 rpm for 30 hours under argon protection.

[0085] Mix the GR powder thoroughly and evenly. c A mixture of B3N4 particles and AM60B alloy particles is placed in a dedicated reciprocating extrusion apparatus and subjected to four passes of reciprocating extrusion with a ratio of 12 at 450°C for large plastic deformation. It is then removed and extruded at 510°C using conventional forward extrusion to produce Φ1.2mm GR / c AM60B magnesium alloy-based composite wire reinforced with B3N4 composite.

[0086] Using Φ1.2mm GR / cStructural components were manufactured directly on AZ31 substrate using AM60B magnesium alloy matrix composite wire reinforced with B3N4 composite material. The power supply employed a CMT+P mode, with a robot-driven welding torch following a planned path. The closed-loop shape followed a "spiral ascending" path. The welding current was 80A, welding voltage 12.5V, wire feed speed 13m / min, and welding speed 13mm / s. Local argon gas protection was used for the molten pool during the WAAM process.

[0087] The obtained GR / c The AM60B magnesium alloy matrix composite WAAM structural parts reinforced with B3N4 have a fine microstructure with a grain size of 0.5-2μm, excellent mechanical properties, a room temperature tensile strength of 460MPa, an elongation of 8.2%, and a density of 1.88g / cm³. 3 Its elastic modulus is 72 GPa.

[0088] Example 4

[0089] Weigh the following raw materials according to their weight percentages: GR powder 1.7%, c The composition consists of 8% B3N4 particles and the balance being AM60B magnesium alloy particles, with the sum of the weight percentages of all components being 100%. The GR powder is a single-layer graphene dry powder. c The nominal particle size of -B3N4 particles is 0.5μm. Irregularly cut AM60B alloy particles with a size of approximately 0.1-0.5mm were selected as the matrix of the composite material. Φ10mm ZrO2 grinding balls were used, wherein the weight of the grinding balls was equal to the weight of the GR powder to be ball-milled. c -35% by weight of B3N4 particles and AM60B alloy particles. High-energy ball mill speed 71 rpm, high-energy ball milling and mixing for 36 hours under argon protection.

[0090] Mix the GR powder thoroughly and evenly. c A mixture of B3N4 particles and AM60B alloy particles is placed in a dedicated reciprocating extrusion apparatus and subjected to four passes of reciprocating extrusion with a ratio of 20 at 470°C for large plastic deformation. It is then removed and extruded at 505°C using conventional forward extrusion to produce Φ1.2mm GR / c AM60B magnesium alloy-based composite wire reinforced with B3N4 composite.

[0091] Using Φ1.2mm GR / c-B3N4 composite reinforced AM60B magnesium alloy matrix composite wire was used to directly fabricate structural components on AZ31 substrate using WAAM (Wastewater Aluminum Metallization). The power supply employed a CMT+P mode, with a robot driving the welding torch along a planned path. The closed shape followed a "spiral upward" path. The welding current was 90A, welding voltage 12V, wire feed speed 12m / min, and welding speed 12mm / s. Local argon gas protection was used for the WAAM process.

[0092] The obtained GR / c The AM60B magnesium alloy matrix composite WAAM structural parts reinforced with B3N4 have a fine microstructure with a grain size of 0.5-2μm, excellent mechanical properties, a room temperature tensile strength of 480MPa, an elongation of 7.1%, and a density of 1.91g / cm³. 3 Its elastic modulus is 78 GPa.

[0093] Example 5

[0094] Weigh the following raw materials according to their weight percentages: GR powder 1.6%, c The composition consists of 6% B3N4 particles and the balance being AM60B magnesium alloy particles, with the sum of the weight percentages of all components being 100%. The GR powder is a single-layer graphene dry powder. c The nominal particle size of -B3N4 particles is 0.5μm. Irregularly cut AM60B alloy particles with a size of approximately 0.1-0.5mm were selected as the matrix of the composite material. Φ8mm ZrO2 grinding balls were used, wherein the weight of the grinding balls was equal to the weight of the GR powder to be ball-milled. c -30% by weight of B3N4 particles and AM60B alloy particles. High-energy ball mill speed 71 rpm, high-energy ball milling and mixing of powders for 32 hours under argon protection.

[0095] Mix the GR powder thoroughly and evenly. c A mixture of B3N4 particles and AM60B alloy particles is placed in a dedicated reciprocating extrusion apparatus and subjected to four passes of reciprocating extrusion with a ratio of 25 at 480°C for large plastic deformation. It is then removed and extruded at 510°C using conventional forward extrusion to produce Φ1.0mm GR / c AM60B magnesium alloy-based composite wire reinforced with B3N4 composite.

[0096] Using Φ1.0mm GR / c-B3N4 composite reinforced AM60B magnesium alloy matrix composite wire was used to directly fabricate structural components on AZ31 substrate using WAAM (Wastewater Aluminum Metallization). The power supply employed a CMT+P mode, with a robot driving the welding torch along a planned path. The closed shape followed a "spiral upward" path. The welding current was 80A, welding voltage 12V, wire feed speed 12m / min, and welding speed 12mm / s. Local argon gas protection was used for the WAAM process.

[0097] The obtained GR / c The AM60B magnesium alloy matrix composite WAAM structural parts reinforced with B3N4 have a fine microstructure with a grain size of 0.5-2μm, excellent mechanical properties, a room temperature tensile strength of 462MPa, an elongation of 8.6%, and a density of 1.87g / cm³. 3 Its elastic modulus is 76 GPa.

Claims

1. A method for arc additive manufacturing of structural components using graphene and boron nitride composite reinforced AM60B magnesium alloy matrix composites, characterized in that, Specifically, the following steps are included: Step 1, High-energy ball milling: Weigh the following raw materials according to their weight percentages: GR powder 1.6-2.5%, c - 1-10% B3N4 particles, the balance being AM60B magnesium alloy particles, the sum of the weight percentages of the above components is 100%; GR powder is a single-layer graphene dry powder; c -B3N4 particles have a nominal size of 0.5μm; AM60B magnesium alloy particles are fine waste powder from the machining of semi-solid AM60B magnesium alloy particles during mechanical cutting, and their size is 0.1-0.5mm irregular cutting particles. Weigh out the GR powder, c -B3N4 particles and AM60B magnesium alloy particles were ball-milled; Step 2, extrusion molding: In step 2, the GR powder after ball milling in step 1, c - The mixture of B3N4 particles and AM60B magnesium alloy particles is first reciprocated to form a block material, and then subjected to ordinary positive extrusion to form AM60B magnesium alloy-based composite material wire with a wire diameter of Φ0.8-1.6mm. In step 2, the GR powder after ball milling in step 1, c The reciprocating extrusion device used when the mixture of B3N4 particles and AM60B magnesium alloy particles is first reciprocated to form a block material is as follows: it includes a first extrusion barrel (10-2), a die (10-3) and a second extrusion barrel (10-5) are arranged sequentially on one side of the first extrusion barrel (10-2), and a heating element (10-4) is sleeved on the outer wall of the first extrusion barrel (10-2), the second extrusion barrel (10-5) and the die (10-3). The first extrusion barrel (10-2) has a first cavity (10-2-1) inside, and the second extrusion barrel (10-5) has a second cavity (10-3-4) inside; the die (10-3) is composed of a first half die (10-3-1) and a second half die (10-3-2). After the first half die (10-3-1) and the second half die (10-3-2) are closed, an hourglass-shaped die cavity (10-3-3) is formed inside. The first cavity (10-2-1), the die cavity (10-3-3) and the second cavity (10-3-4) are connected in sequence to form the extrusion cavity. The first extrusion rod (10-1) is provided in the first cavity (10-2-1) of the first extrusion barrel (10-2), and the second extrusion rod (10-7) is provided in the second cavity (10-3-4) of the second extrusion barrel (10-5); the heating element (10-4) is a resistance heating coil; In step 2, the reciprocating extrusion process is specifically as follows: The GR powder after extrusion and ball milling in step 1, c -B3N4 particles and AM60B magnesium alloy particles mixture (10-6) are placed in an extrusion cavity formed by the sequential connection of a first extrusion barrel (10-2), a die (10-3), and a second extrusion barrel (10-5), and are filled under the action of the first extrusion rod (10-1) and the second extrusion rod (10-7), and the heating element (10-4) is heated; the GR powder after ball milling is to be extruded, c - The mixture of B3N4 particles and AM60B magnesium alloy particles (10-6) is used as the extruded material. When the first extrusion rod (10-1) and the second extrusion rod (10-7) reciprocate, the extruded material flows through the necking part of the die (10-3) and is squeezed and thinned. After passing through the necking part of the die (10-3), the extruded material enters the other end and is immediately compressed and upset. In this way, the reciprocating extrusion and upsetting are achieved. This is repeated 4 times, that is, 4-pass reciprocating extrusion is achieved. In step 2, the extrusion ratio for preparing the bulk composite material by reciprocating extrusion is 10-25, and the extrusion temperature is 450℃-480℃; the extrusion temperature for ordinary positive extrusion of the composite material filament is 500-520℃. Step 3, Arc additive manufacturing: Arc additive manufacturing uses AZ31 magnesium alloy sheet as substrate and performs WAAM additive manufacturing in GMAW mode. In step 3, the GMAW heat source is a CMT+P mode with added pulses.

2. The method for arc additive manufacturing of structural components using a graphene and boron nitride composite reinforced AM60B magnesium alloy matrix composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step 1, the weighed GR powder, c The mixture of B3N4 particles and AM60B magnesium alloy particles was placed together in a high-energy ball mill and milled for 24-36 hours under argon protection.

3. The method for arc additive manufacturing of structural components using a graphene and boron nitride composite reinforced AM60B magnesium alloy matrix composite material according to claim 2, characterized in that, In step 1, the ball-to-material ratio for ball milling is 2-5:10; the diameter of the grinding balls used is Φ6-10mm, and the grinding balls are ZrO2 balls.

4. The method for arc additive manufacturing of structural components using a graphene and boron nitride composite reinforced AM60B magnesium alloy matrix composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step 3, the process parameters for CMT+P mode are: welding current 60-150A, welding voltage 12-15V, wire feed speed 6-15m / min, welding speed 5-15mm / s; the path form used in CMT+P mode is: a "Z" shaped path for single wall or a "spiral ascending" path for closed shape; argon gas protection is used in the additive manufacturing process.

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