Radiating element and antenna

Abstract

This invention provides a radiating element and an antenna. The radiating element includes two pairs of radiating arms arranged orthogonally with polarization and a pair of baluns feeding the two pairs of radiating arms respectively. Each balun includes a dielectric substrate and balun lines. The balun lines include a balun feed line disposed on the front side of the dielectric substrate and a balun ground line disposed on the back side of the dielectric substrate. The balun feed line and the balun ground line feed the two radiating arms of the same polarization respectively. This radiating element feeds the two pairs of radiating arms with a single pair of baluns, and the balun feed line and balun ground line feed the two radiating arms of the same polarization respectively. This allows two radiating arms of the same polarization to be fed with a single balun, reducing the number of baluns, thereby reducing the size of the radiating element and lowering the mutual coupling interference between the baluns of adjacent radiating elements, thus facilitating antenna integration.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of mobile communication technology, and more specifically to a radiating element and an antenna configured with the radiating element. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of modern mobile communication technology, users' demand for high-capacity, low-latency communication is increasing daily, leading to the emergence of fifth-generation mobile communication networks. During the construction of 5G mobile communication networks in China, multiple network standards need to be developed in tandem, such as 5G and 4G networks operating simultaneously. However, different network standards require antennas in different frequency bands, resulting in a dramatic increase in the number of antennas at each base station site. This significantly increases the construction and maintenance costs of antenna base station sites, leading to a waste of antenna environmental resources, and excessive antennas also negatively impact the urban landscape. Therefore, the industry is adopting a method of integrating antennas of multiple standards into a single, small-size, common-aperture, and integrated multi-frequency antenna to meet the application needs of mobile communication, aiming to solve current problems such as insufficient rooftop space, inadequate mounting height, limited coverage, and poor performance.

[0003] When space is limited, integrating more radiating elements necessitates reducing the distance between adjacent radiating elements. However, this reduction in distance leads to a sharp increase in mutual coupling interference between adjacent radiating elements, affecting their radiation performance. The balun of the radiating element is the primary factor influencing the mutual coupling between adjacent radiating elements.

[0004] For example, a traditional radiating element's feed balun structure consists of a feed conductor and two grounded balun conductors with a height of approximately 1 / 4 wavelength. The upper ends of the two grounded balun conductors are electrically connected to two radiating arms of the same polarization. The feed conductor provides electrical feed to the grounded balun conductor structure through coupling or direct connection, and the signal is radiated through the radiating arms. Furthermore, a radiating element may consist of two sets of feed balun structures and their corresponding two pairs of radiating arms. Its dual-polarized balun includes four grounded conductors with a height of approximately 1 / 4 wavelength and two dual-polarized feed conductors, resulting in a large metallic volume of the balun. In array antenna environments with reduced element spacing, this can easily lead to stronger mutual coupling between adjacent radiating elements, inevitably affecting the array antenna performance. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to solve at least one of the above-mentioned problems by providing a radiating element and an antenna.

[0006] To meet the various objectives of this invention, the following technical solutions are adopted:

[0007] To achieve one of the objectives of this invention, a radiating unit is provided, comprising two pairs of radiating arms arranged orthogonally with polarization and a pair of baluns feeding the two pairs of radiating arms respectively. The baluns include a dielectric substrate and balun lines. The balun lines include a balun feed line disposed on the front side of the dielectric substrate and a balun ground line disposed on the back side of the dielectric substrate. The balun feed line and the balun ground line feed the two radiating arms of the same polarization respectively.

[0008] Furthermore, the current fed into the balun feeder has a 180° phase difference with the current coupled to the balun grounding wire via the balun feeder.

[0009] Furthermore, the balun feeder includes a first feed terminal disposed at the top of the front side, the first feed terminal being electrically connected to one of the radiating arms of the same polarization, and the balun grounding wire includes a second feed terminal disposed at the top of the reverse side, the second feed terminal being electrically connected to the other radiating arm of the same polarization.

[0010] Furthermore, the dielectric plate has an L-shaped structure, including a body and an extension arm connected to the top of the body. The body is located below one of the radiating arms of the same polarization. The extension arm extends along the top of the body toward the other radiating arm of the same polarization. The first feed end and the second feed end are located at the two ends of the extension arm respectively to be connected to the radiating arms above the two ends of the extension arm respectively.

[0011] Specifically, the balun feed line is disposed on the front side of the dielectric substrate and extends on the extension arm. The first feed end is disposed on the end of the extension arm closer to the main body and is connected to one of the radiating arms of the same polarization. The balun ground line is disposed on the back side of the dielectric substrate. The second feed end is disposed on the end of the extension arm away from the main body and is connected to the other radiating arm of the same polarization for power supply.

[0012] Furthermore, the balun feeder wire also includes a feeder input terminal disposed at the bottom of the front side, the feeder input terminal being electrically connected to the first feeder network, and the balun ground wire also includes a ground terminal disposed at the bottom of the reverse side, the ground terminal being electrically connected to the metal ground of the second feeder network.

[0013] Specifically, the dielectric plates of the pair of baluns are interlocked and the two dielectric plates are arranged at an angle of ≥90°.

[0014] Furthermore, the balun feeder and the balun grounding wire have an overlap of more than 30% in the projection area on the front side of the dielectric substrate.

[0015] Preferably, the overlapping area exceeds 50% of the area of ​​the balun feeder or the balun grounding wire.

[0016] Specifically, the average line width of the balun feeder is less than three times the average line width of the balun grounding wire, or the average line width of the balun grounding wire is less than three times the average line width of the balun feeder.

[0017] In another embodiment, the balun feeder wire is a metal conductive sheet, the balun grounding wire is also a metal conductive sheet, and the balun feeder wire and the balun grounding wire are fixed on the dielectric plate.

[0018] Specifically, the balun feeder wire is integrally formed from sheet metal, and the balun grounding wire is also integrally formed from sheet metal.

[0019] Specifically, the dielectric plate has a mounting hole extending along its longitudinal direction, and the balun feeder wire and / or the balun grounding wire are disposed in the mounting hole.

[0020] Specifically, the balun feeder wire and / or the balun grounding wire are integrally injection molded with the dielectric substrate.

[0021] Furthermore, the dielectric substrate is provided with a fixing structure, and the balun feeder wire and / or balun ground wire are provided with a matching structure corresponding to the fixing structure. The fixing structure and the matching structure are matched and fixed to fix the balun feeder wire and / or balun ground wire to the dielectric substrate.

[0022] Furthermore, the radiating unit also includes a connector, the grounding end of the grounding wire of each of the pair of baluns extends to the connector, and the two grounding ends are integrally formed with the connector.

[0023] Specifically, the outer conductor of the external coaxial cable is welded to the connector, and the inner conductor of the external coaxial cable is welded to the balun feeder wire.

[0024] An antenna is provided to suit one of the purposes of the present invention, comprising a reflector and a radiating array, the radiating array comprising a low-frequency radiating column and a high-frequency radiating column, wherein at least one low-frequency radiating column is disposed among a plurality of high-frequency radiating columns, the low-frequency radiating column being composed of a plurality of low-frequency radiating elements, the low-frequency radiating elements being the radiating elements as described in any of the preceding objectives.

[0025] Compared with existing technologies, the present invention has many advantages, including but not limited to:

[0026] On one hand, the radiating element of this invention feeds a pair of radiating arms through a balun feed line and a balun ground line, respectively. The balun feed line and the balun ground line form a balun line, eliminating the need for a dedicated balun line for each radiating arm. This reduces the number of balun lines, thereby reducing the size of the balun and, consequently, the radiating element, facilitating antenna miniaturization. Furthermore, reducing the number of balun lines also lowers the production cost of the balun, correspondingly reducing the production cost of the radiating element and enhancing its market competitiveness.

[0027] On the other hand, reducing the number of balun lines can reduce the mutual coupling between multiple baluns in the same radiating element, thereby improving the radiation performance of the radiating element. It can also reduce the mutual coupling between baluns in adjacent radiating elements, so as to reduce the spacing between two adjacent radiating elements of the antenna, which facilitates antenna miniaturization and saves rooftop resources.

[0028] These additional aspects and advantages will be partly apparent from the description which follows, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0029] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily understood from the following description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the radiation unit in a typical embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 2a This is a schematic diagram of the front view of the balun of the radiating unit in a typical embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 2b This is a schematic diagram of the reverse side of the balun of the radiating unit in a typical embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 3 This is a top view schematic diagram of the radiation unit in a typical embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a pair of baluns in a typical embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the reverse side of the second balun of the radiating unit in a typical embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a radiation unit according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a pair of baluns in a radiating unit according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 8 This is a perspective view of the balun feeder wire of the balun of the radiating unit according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the balun feeder wire of the balun of the radiating unit according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of a pair of baluns and a connecting seat of a radiation unit according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of a pair of balun grounding wires and a connector for a radiating unit according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna structure according to a typical embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0043] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0044] Those skilled in the art will understand that, unless specifically stated otherwise, the singular forms “a,” “an,” “the,” and “the” used herein may also include the plural forms. It should be further understood that the term “comprising” as used in this specification means the presence of the stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and / or components, but does not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and / or components, nor does it exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or groups thereof. It should be understood that when we say an element is “connected” or “coupled” to another element, it can be directly connected or coupled to the other element, or there may be intermediate elements. Furthermore, “connected” or “coupled” as used herein can include wireless connections or wireless coupling. The term “and / or” as used herein includes all or any units and all combinations of one or more associated listed items.

[0045] It will be understood by those skilled in the art that, unless otherwise defined, all terms used herein (including technical and scientific terms) have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. It should also be understood that terms such as those defined in general dictionaries should be understood to have the same meaning as in the context of the prior art, and should not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless specifically defined as herein.

[0046] The present invention provides a radiating element that feeds two pairs of radiating arms through a pair of baluns. The balun feed line and the balun ground line feed the two radiating arms of the same polarization, so that two radiating arms of the same polarization can be fed through one balun, reducing the number of baluns, thereby reducing the size of the radiating element and reducing the mutual coupling interference between two adjacent radiating elements, so as to facilitate the integration of multi-frequency antennas.

[0047] In a typical embodiment of the present invention, combined with Figure 1 The radiation unit 100 includes two pairs of radiation arms 200 and a pair of baluns 300. The two pairs of radiation arms 200 are arranged orthogonally with polarization. The pair of baluns 300 feeds the two pairs of radiation arms 200 respectively. Specifically, one balun 300 feeds two radiation arms 200 of the same polarization, and the other balun 300 feeds two radiation arms 200 of the other polarization.

[0048] The balun 300 includes a dielectric substrate 310 and balun lines, the balun lines being disposed on the dielectric substrate 310. (Combined) Figure 2a and Figure 2b ,in Figure 2a The structure of the front side 311 of the dielectric substrate 310 of the balun 300 is shown. Figure 2b The structure of the reverse side 312 of the dielectric substrate 310 of the balun 300 is shown. The balun circuit includes a balun feed line 321 and a balun ground line 322. The balun feed line 321 is disposed on the front side 311 of the dielectric substrate 310, and the balun ground line 322 is disposed on the reverse side 312 of the dielectric substrate 310. The balun feed line 321 and the balun ground line 322 are coupled and connected. Preferably, the balun circuit includes, but is not limited to, microstrip lines, coplanar lines, or striplines.

[0049] For ease of narration, combined with Figure 1 The radiating arm 200 electrically connected to the balun feeder 321 of the balun 300 is called the first radiating arm 210, and the radiating arm 200 electrically connected to the balun grounding wire 322 is called the third radiating arm 230. The first radiating arm 210 and the third radiating arm 230 are two radiating arms with the same polarization.

[0050] Combination Figure 2aThe balun feeder 321 extends from the bottom 313 to the top 314 of the front face 311. Both ends of the balun feeder 321 are respectively provided with a feed input terminal 3211 and a first feed terminal 3212. The feed input terminal 3211 of the balun feeder 321 is located at the bottom 313 of the front face 311 to facilitate connection between the feed input terminal 3211 and an external first feed network (not shown). The first feed network supplies power to the balun feeder 321 via the feed input terminal 3211. The first feed terminal 3212 of the balun feeder 321 is located at the top 314 of the front face 311. The first feed terminal 3212 is electrically connected to the corresponding first radiating arm 210 to facilitate power supply to the first radiating arm 210 via the first feed terminal 3212.

[0051] Combination Figure 2b The balun grounding wire 322 extends from the bottom 313 of the reverse side 312 to the top 314 of the reverse side 312. The two ends of the balun grounding wire 322 are respectively provided with a second feed end 3221 and a ground end 3222. The second feed end 3221 of the balun grounding wire 322 is located at the top 314 of the reverse side 312 and is electrically connected to the corresponding third radiating arm 230 so that the second feed end 3221 can supply power to the third radiating arm 230. The ground end 3222 is located at the bottom 313 of the reverse side 312 and is electrically connected to the metal ground of an external first feed network or second feed network (not shown).

[0052] After receiving external current at the power input terminal 3211 of the balun power supply line 321, the external current is divided into two paths in the balun power supply line 321. One path of current is fed into the first radiating arm 210 through the first power input terminal 3212, and the other path of current is coupled to the balun grounding wire 322. The current fed into the first radiating arm 210 is called the first path current, and the current coupled to the balun grounding wire 322 is called the second path current.

[0053] The first current is fed into the first radiating arm 210 through the first feed terminal 3212, and the first radiating arm 210 is excited by the first current to radiate signals to the outside. In this embodiment, the first current is completely consumed by the excitation of the first radiating arm 210.

[0054] The second current is coupled to the balun grounding wire 322, resulting in a 180° phase difference between the second and first currents. The second current flowing into the third radiating arm 230 is excited, causing its electromotive force (EMF) to be lower than that of the second current just coupled to the balun grounding wire 322. This results in the second current just coupled to the balun grounding wire 322 tending to flow into the third radiating arm 230 via the second feed terminal 3221, while the original second current in the third radiating arm 230 tends to flow towards the grounding terminal 3222 of the balun grounding wire 322. Consequently, the second current just coupled to the balun grounding wire 322 is fed into the third radiating arm 230 via the second feed terminal 3221, exciting the third radiating arm 230 to radiate signals externally. When the second current excites the third radiating arm 230, it flows again into the balun grounding wire 322 through the second feed terminal 3221, and then flows to the metal ground of the first feed network or the second feed network through the ground terminal 3222 of the balun grounding wire 322.

[0055] As a result, the first current is completely consumed by the first radiating arm 210, while the second current is grounded after passing through the balun feeder 321, the balun grounding wire 322, the third radiating arm 230 and the metal ground, so that the current fed into the balun 300 forms a complete loop.

[0056] Since the first radiating arm 210 and the third radiating arm 230 are disposed in the same polarization, and the first radiating arm 210 and the third radiating arm 230 are disposed on both sides of the polarization center, in order to make the first feed end 3212 of the balun feed line 321 electrically connected to the first radiating arm 210 and the second feed end 3221 of the balun grounding line 322 electrically connected to the third radiating arm 230, the first feed end 3212 and the second feed end 3221 are disposed on both sides of the dielectric plate 310, so that the first feed end 3212 and the second feed end 3221 disposed on the same dielectric plate 310 can be electrically connected to the first radiating arm 210 and the third radiating arm 230 respectively.

[0057] Specifically, since the first feed terminal 3212 and the second feed terminal 3221 are respectively disposed on the front and back sides of the dielectric substrate 310, in the projection direction of the front side 311 of the dielectric substrate 310, the projection of the first feed terminal 3212 and the projection of the second feed terminal 3221 are respectively disposed on both sides of the front side 311, thereby making the first feed terminal 3212 and the second feed terminal 3221 electrically connected to the first radiating arm 210 and the third radiating arm 230 respectively.

[0058] In one embodiment, the dielectric substrate 310 includes a body 319 and an extension arm 315. The body 319 is vertically arranged and extends toward the radiating arm 200. The top of the body 319 is bent to the left or right to form the extension arm 315, so that the dielectric substrate 310 forms an L-shaped structure. The length of the extension arm 315 is greater than the width of the body 319. In the projection direction of the front surface 311, the projections of the first feed terminal 3212 and the second feed terminal 3221 are respectively located on the left and right sides of the extension arm 315 to increase the distance between the first feed terminal 3212 and the second feed terminal 3221, so that when the distance between the first radiating arm 210 and the third radiating arm 230 is large, the first feed terminal 3212 and the second feed terminal 3221 can still be electrically connected to the first radiating arm 210 and the third radiating arm 230 respectively.

[0059] The extension arm 315 includes a first end and a second end. The first end is connected to the body 319, and the second end is away from the body 319. The first power supply end 3212 extends to the second end of the extension arm 315, and the second power supply end 3221 extends to the first end of the extension arm 315.

[0060] In another embodiment, the first power supply terminal 3212 extends to a first end of the extension arm 315, and the second power supply terminal 3221 extends to a second end of the extension arm 315.

[0061] In a typical embodiment of the present invention, combined with Figure 1 and Figure 3 The radiating arm 200 includes a radiating section 250 and a coupling section 260, with the radiating section 250 and the coupling section 260 coupled together. The coupling section 260 is electrically connected to a first feed terminal 3212 of a corresponding balun feed line 321 or a second feed terminal 3221 of a balun grounding wire 322. After receiving current through the first feed terminal 3212 or the second feed terminal 3221, the coupling section 260 couples the current to the radiating section 250 to excite the radiating section 250, causing it to radiate signals. Specifically, the first feed terminal 3212 and the second feed terminal 3221 are physically connected or coupled to the coupling section 260.

[0062] The radiating unit 100 further includes a dielectric substrate 270, and the two pairs of radiating arms 200 are disposed on the dielectric substrate 270. Specifically, the radiating portion 250 of the radiating arm 200 is disposed on the dielectric substrate 270. Figure 2a , Figure 2b and Figure 4 The balun 300 has a tongue 316 on its dielectric plate 310, which is combined with... Figure 3The dielectric substrate 270 has a insertion hole 271 corresponding to the tongue 316. The tongue 316 is inserted into the insertion hole 271 to support the dielectric substrate 270 through the dielectric plate 310, thereby supporting the radiation arm 200 through the dielectric substrate 270 to maintain the structural stability of the radiation unit 100. Preferably, the tongue 316 is disposed on the extension arm 315.

[0063] Furthermore, the coupling portion 260 of the radiating arm 200 is disposed above the radiating portion 250, in conjunction with... Figure 2a , Figure 2b and Figure 4 The first feed terminal 3212 or the second feed terminal 3221 extends through the tongue 316 toward the coupling portion 260, so that the first feed terminal 3212 or the second feed terminal 3221 is electrically connected to the coupling portion 260 of the corresponding radiating arm 200. Specifically, since the first radiating arm 210 and the third radiating arm 230 are simultaneously disposed on the dielectric substrate 270, the dielectric substrate 310 is provided with two tongues 316, which correspond to the coupling portions 260 of the first radiating arm 210 and the third radiating arm 230, respectively, so that the first feed terminal 3212 and the second feed terminal 3221 extend to the two tongues 316, so that the first feed terminal 3212 is electrically connected to the coupling portion 260 of the first radiating arm 210, and the second feed terminal 3221 is electrically connected to the coupling portion 260 of the third radiating arm 230. Preferably, the coupling portion 260 is sheet-shaped.

[0064] In one embodiment, the insertion hole 271 has a clearance space, meaning that the diameter of the insertion hole 271 is larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the tongue 316, extending to the clearance space where the first feed terminal 3212 or the second feed terminal 3221 on the tongue 316 faces, thus preventing the first feed terminal 3212 or the second feed terminal 3221 from physically connecting with the radiating portion 250 on the dielectric substrate 270. In another embodiment, the insertion hole 271 is an insulating hole.

[0065] In one embodiment, the first radiating arm 210 is provided with a first coupling branch (not shown), and the second radiating arm 220 is provided with a second coupling branch (not shown). The first coupling branch and the second coupling branch are coupled to each other, thereby improving the radiation efficiency of the first radiating arm 210 and the second radiating arm 220, and thus improving the radiation performance of the radiation unit 100. Furthermore, the first radiating arm 210 can couple excess first current to the second radiating arm 220 to prevent the first radiating arm 210 from being burned out by excessive first current. Preferably, both the first coupling branch and the second coupling branch extend towards the bottom 313 of the dielectric plate 310 of the balun 300 to save space in the radiation unit 100 and reduce its volume.

[0066] In one embodiment, combined Figure 2a and Figure 2b In the projection direction of the front side 311 of the dielectric substrate 310 of the balun 300, the projection of the balun feed line 321 disposed on the front side 311 of the dielectric substrate 310 overlaps with the projection of the balun ground line 322 disposed on the back side 312 of the dielectric substrate 310, and the projection of the balun feed line 321 and the projection of the balun ground line 322 partially coincide to form a projection overlap area.

[0067] The area of ​​the projected overlapping region is more than 30% of the area of ​​the balun feed line 321 or the area of ​​the balun ground line 322, thereby increasing the area of ​​the coupling region between the balun feed line 321 and the balun ground line 322, improving the coupling efficiency between them, reducing parasitic radiation of surface waves, and facilitating the reduction of the metal volume of the balun feed line 321 and the balun ground line 322. This reduces the mutual coupling between the balun feed line and the balun ground line of the balun corresponding to the other polarization of the same radiating element 100, and also reduces the mutual coupling with the baluns of adjacent radiating elements, thus improving the radiation performance of the radiating element 100 and the antenna in which it is located. Simultaneously, the smaller metal volume of the balun feed line 321 and the balun ground line 322 facilitates the miniaturization of the balun 300, resulting in miniaturized radiation, reduced production costs, and improved time-competitiveness of the radiating element 100. Preferably, the area of ​​the projected overlapping region is more than 50% of the area of ​​the balun feeder 321 or the area of ​​the balun grounding wire 322.

[0068] In a further embodiment, the difference between the average linewidth of the balun feeder 321 and the average linewidth of the balun grounding wire 322 is less than three times. That is, the average linewidth of the balun feeder 321 is less than three times the average linewidth of the balun grounding wire 322, or the average linewidth of the balun grounding wire 322 is less than three times the average linewidth of the balun feeder 321. This ensures that, in the projection direction of the front surface 311, the area of ​​the overlapping projection region formed by the projections of the balun grounding wire 322 and the balun feeder 321 is maximized relative to the area of ​​the balun feeder 321 or the area of ​​the balun grounding wire 322, thereby improving the coupling efficiency between the balun feeder 321 and the balun grounding wire 322.

[0069] Furthermore, by adjusting the line width of each segment along the extension path of the balun feeder 321 and / or the line width of each segment along the extension path of the balun grounding wire 322, the impedance matching of the radiation unit 100 can be adjusted, thereby improving the radiation performance of the radiation unit 100. Those skilled in the art can flexibly adjust the line width of each segment along the extension path of the balun feeder 321 and the line width of each segment along the extension path of the balun grounding wire 322 according to the requirements of the radiation unit 100; this invention does not limit the adjustment, in order to improve the radiation performance of the radiation unit 100.

[0070] In a typical embodiment of the present invention, combined with Figure 1 The radiation unit 100 includes two pairs of radiation arms 200 and a pair of baluns 300. The pair of baluns 300 are fed to the two pairs of radiation arms 200. The structure of each balun 300 is the same as that of the balun 300 described above, and the connection relationship between the balun 300 and the pair of radiation arms 200 is also the same as that between the balun 300 and the pair of radiation arms 200 described above.

[0071] The first pair of radiating arms 200 of the two pairs of radiating arms 200 are respectively called the first radiating arm 210 and the third radiating arm 230, and the second pair of radiating arms 200 are respectively called the second radiating arm 220 and the fourth radiating arm 240; the balun 300 connected to the first pair of radiating arms 200 is called the first balun 340, and the balun 300 connected to the second pair of radiating arms 200 is called the second balun 350.

[0072] The first balun 340 and the second balun 350 are interconnected, specifically, in combination with Figure 2a and Figure 2b The first balun 340 has a first insertion slot 343 on the extension arm 342 of the dielectric plate 341. Figure 5The second balun 350 has a second insertion slot 353 on the extension arm 352 of the dielectric substrate 351. The opening of the first insertion slot 343 faces away from the dielectric substrate 270, while the opening of the second insertion slot 353 faces the dielectric substrate 270, so that the first insertion slot 343 and the second insertion slot 353 can be inserted into each other, thereby fixing the first balun 340 and the second balun 350 together. Furthermore, by placing the insertion slots of the two baluns on their respective extension arms, the distance between the bodies of the dielectric substrates of the first balun 340 and the second balun 350 can be increased, thereby reducing the mutual coupling between the balun lines of the first balun 340 and the second balun 350, and improving the radiation performance of the radiation unit 100.

[0073] The dielectric substrate 341 of the first balun 340 and the dielectric substrate 351 of the second balun 350 are interlocked, and the included angle between the dielectric substrate 341 of the first balun 340 and the dielectric substrate 351 of the second balun 350 is greater than or equal to 90°. See details [link to documentation]. Figure 4 Angle A is used to increase the distance between the balun lines of the first balun 340 and the second balun 350, reduce the mutual coupling between the first balun 340 and the second balun 350, and improve the radiation performance of the radiation unit 100.

[0074] Combination Figure 2a and Figure 2b The power input terminal 3451 of the balun feeder wire 345 of the first balun 340 is electrically connected to the first power supply network, and the ground terminal 3461 of the balun grounding wire 346 of the first balun 340 is electrically connected to the metal ground of the first power supply network or the metal ground of the second power supply network; combined with Figure 5 The feed input terminal of the balun feeder line (not shown) of the second balun 350 is electrically connected to the third feeder network (not shown), and the ground terminal 3561 of the balun ground line 356 of the second balun 350 is electrically connected to the metal ground of the third feeder network or the metal ground of the second feeder network. In one embodiment, the ground terminal 3461 of the first balun 340 and the ground terminal 3561 of the second balun 350 are simultaneously connected to the metal ground of the second feeder network.

[0075] In one embodiment, combined Figure 1 The radiation unit 100 is disposed on the external plug-in plate 410, combined with Figure 2a and Figure 2b The bottom 313 of the dielectric plate 310 of the balun 300 of the radiation unit 100 is provided with a connector 317, and the connector plate 410 is provided with a fixing hole (not shown) corresponding to the connector 317, and the connector 317 is inserted into the fixing hole. Figure 2a The first balun 340 of the radiation unit 100 has its connector 347 inserted into the corresponding fixing hole, and then... Figure 5 The second balun 350's connector 357 is also inserted into the corresponding fixing hole, so that the radiating unit 100 can be stably mounted on the reflector 510. Preferably, the first feed network, the second feed network, and the third feed network are all mounted on the connector 410.

[0076] In a typical embodiment of the present invention, the balun feeder 321 and the balun grounding wire 322 are printed on the dielectric substrate 310.

[0077] In another embodiment, combined with Figures 6 to 9 The balun feeder wire 321 is a metal conductive sheet, combined with Figure 10 and Figure 11 The balun grounding wire 322 is also a metal conductive sheet, and the balun feeder wire 321 and the balun grounding wire 322 are disposed on the dielectric plate 310. The balun feeder wire 321 and the balun grounding wire 322 are both integrally formed from sheet metal.

[0078] Combination Figure 8 and Figure 9 The first feed end 3212 of the balun feed line 321 has a sheet-like structure, so that the first feed end 3212 can be parallelly coupled to the coupling part 260 of the corresponding radiating arm 200, thereby improving the coupling efficiency. Combined with... Figure 10 and Figure 11 The second feed end 3221 of the balun grounding wire 322 is also in the form of a sheet, so that the second feed end 3221 is also parallel coupled to the coupling part 260 of the corresponding radiating arm 200, thereby improving the coupling efficiency.

[0079] Specifically, in combination Figure 7 and Figure 8 The dielectric plate 310 has a through mounting hole (not shown) along its longitudinal direction. The balun feeder wire 321 is disposed in the mounting hole. The first feed end 3212 and the feed input end 3211 of the balun feeder wire 321 extend from both ends of the mounting hole, respectively, so that the first feed end 3212 can be electrically connected to the corresponding radiating arm 200, and the feed input end 3211 can be electrically connected to the first feed network. In this embodiment, the balun feeder wire 321 and the dielectric plate 310 are integrally injection molded to facilitate production and reduce costs. In another embodiment, the balun grounding wire 322 is also disposed in the mounting hole. Alternatively, one of the balun grounding wire 321 and the balun feeder wire 322 can be disposed in the mounting hole.

[0080] In this embodiment, a fixing structure is provided on the reverse side of the dielectric plate 310, and a mating structure is provided on the balun grounding wire 322. The fixing structure is connected to the mating structure so that the balun grounding wire 322 is fixedly disposed on the reverse side of the dielectric plate 310.

[0081] Specifically, in combination Figure 10 and Figure 11 The fixing structure includes multiple fixing posts 319 protruding from the reverse side. The balun grounding wire 322 has multiple fixing holes 3223 or fixing slots, and the multiple fixing posts 319 are correspondingly inserted into the multiple fixing holes 3223 or fixing slots, so that the balun grounding wire 322 is fixedly mounted on the dielectric plate 310. Alternatively, a fixing structure is provided on the balun grounding wire 322, and a mating structure is provided on the dielectric plate 310, so that the balun grounding wire 322 is fixedly connected to the dielectric plate 310. In another embodiment, a fixing structure is also provided on the front side of the dielectric plate 310, and a mating structure is also provided on the balun feeder wire 321, so that the balun feeder wire 321 is disposed on the front side of the dielectric plate 310.

[0082] In a further embodiment, combined with Figure 10 and Figure 11 The radiating unit 100 further includes a connecting base 360, which is grounded. The grounding end 3461 of the balun grounding wire 346 of the first balun 340 (referred to as the first grounding end 3461) and the grounding end 3561 of the balun grounding wire 356 of the second balun 350 (referred to as the second grounding end 3561) are both connected to the connecting base 360. In this embodiment, the first grounding end 3461, the second grounding end 3561, and the connecting base 360 ​​are integrally formed.

[0083] In one embodiment, a coaxial cable 420 is provided on the first and / or second power supply network to supply power to the balun feeder line 321. The outer conductor of the coaxial cable 420 is welded to the connector 360, and the inner conductor of the coaxial cable 420 is welded to the power input terminal 3211 of the balun feeder line 321, thereby supplying power to the balun feeder line 321 through the coaxial cable 420.

[0084] Specifically, the connector 360 has a conductor groove 361 corresponding to the outer conductor of the coaxial cable 420, and the outer conductor of the coaxial cable 420 is soldered to the conductor groove 361. The power input terminal 3211 of the balun feeder 321 has a through hole (not shown), the inner conductor of the coaxial cable 420 passes through the through hole, and the inner conductor is soldered to the power input terminal 3211.

[0085] In one embodiment, the first radiating arm 210 and the third radiating arm 230 form a first dipole, and the second radiating arm 220 and the fourth radiating arm 240 form a second dipole, such that the radiating unit 100 is a dipole radiating unit 100.

[0086] The present invention also provides an antenna, combined with Figure 12 The antenna includes a reflector 510 and a radiating array disposed on the reflector 510. The radiating array includes a low-frequency radiating column 520 and a high-frequency radiating column 530. The low-frequency radiating column 520 includes a plurality of low-frequency radiating elements fed in parallel to each other. The low-frequency radiating elements are the radiating elements 100 described above. The high-frequency radiating column 530 includes a plurality of high-frequency radiating elements 100 fed in parallel to each other. The low-frequency radiating column 520 and the high-frequency radiating column 530 are disposed adjacent to each other.

[0087] The low-frequency radiation array 520 and the high-frequency radiation array 530 are both arranged collinearly along the same axis. Since the low-frequency radiation element of the low-frequency radiation array 520 is the radiation element 100 mentioned above, the low-frequency radiation element 100 can reduce the mutual coupling between itself and the balun of the adjacent high-frequency radiation element or the balun of the low-frequency radiation element through the balun 300, without affecting the radiation performance of the adjacent low-frequency radiation element or the high-frequency radiation element.

[0088] The present invention also provides a base station, which is configured with the antenna described above, and receives or transmits antenna signals of a corresponding frequency band through the antenna.

[0089] In summary, the radiating unit of the present invention is fed by a pair of radiating arms through a balun feed wire and a balun ground wire, respectively. The balun feed wire and the balun ground wire constitute a balun line, which eliminates the need to set a dedicated balun line for each radiating arm, thereby reducing the number of balun lines, reducing the size of the balun, and further reducing the size of the radiating unit. Moreover, the reduction in the number of balun lines can reduce the mutual coupling between multiple baluns in the same radiating unit, thereby improving the radiation performance of the radiating unit.

[0090] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and an explanation of the technical principles employed. Those skilled in the art should understand that the scope of the invention is not limited to the specific combination of the above-described technical features, but also includes other technical solutions formed by arbitrary combinations of the above-described technical features or their equivalents without departing from the inventive concept. For example, technical solutions formed by substituting the above-described features with (but not limited to) technical features with similar functions as those in the present invention.

[0091] Although the subject matter has been described using language specific to structural features and / or methodological logic, it should be understood that the subject matter defined in the appended claims is not necessarily limited to the specific features or actions described above. Rather, the specific features and actions described above are merely illustrative examples of implementing the claims.

Claims

1. A radiating unit, characterized in that, It includes two pairs of radiating arms arranged orthogonally with polarization and a pair of baluns that feed the two pairs of radiating arms respectively. The baluns include a dielectric substrate and balun lines. The balun lines include a balun feed line disposed on the front side of the dielectric substrate and a balun ground line disposed on the back side of the dielectric substrate. The balun feed line and the balun ground line feed the two radiating arms of the same polarization respectively. The balun feeder includes a first feed terminal disposed at the top of the front side, the first feed terminal being electrically connected to one of the radiating arms of the same polarization, and the balun grounding wire includes a second feed terminal disposed at the top of the back side, the second feed terminal being electrically connected to the other radiating arm of the same polarization.

2. The radiating unit as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The current fed into the balun feeder has a 180° phase difference with the current coupled to the balun grounding wire via the balun feeder.

3. The radiating unit as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The dielectric plate has an L-shaped structure, including a body and an extension arm connected to the top of the body. The body is located below one of the radiating arms of the same polarization. The extension arm extends along the top of the body toward the other radiating arm of the same polarization. The first feed end and the second feed end are located at the two ends of the extension arm respectively and are connected to the radiating arms above the two ends of the extension arm respectively.

4. The radiating unit as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The balun feed wire is disposed on the front side of the dielectric substrate and extends on the extension arm. The first feed end is disposed on the end of the extension arm closer to the main body and is connected to one of the radiating arms of the same polarization. The balun ground wire is disposed on the back side of the dielectric substrate. The second feed end is disposed on the end of the extension arm away from the main body and is connected to the other radiating arm of the same polarization for power supply.

5. The radiating unit as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The balun feeder wire also includes a feeder input terminal disposed at the bottom of the front side, the feeder input terminal being electrically connected to the first feeder network, and the balun ground wire also includes a ground terminal disposed at the bottom of the reverse side, the ground terminal being electrically connected to the metal ground of the second feeder network.

6. The radiating unit as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The dielectric plates of the pair of baluns are interlocked and arranged at an angle of ≥90°.

7. The radiating unit as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The balun feeder and the balun grounding wire have an overlap of more than 30% in the projection area on the front side of the dielectric substrate.

8. The radiating unit as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The overlapping area exceeds 50% of the area of ​​the balun feeder or the balun grounding wire.

9. The radiating unit as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, The average line width of the balun feeder is less than three times the average line width of the balun grounding wire, or the average line width of the balun grounding wire is less than three times the average line width of the balun feeder.

10. The radiating element as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, The balun feeder wire is a metal conductive sheet, and the balun grounding wire is also a metal conductive sheet. The balun feeder wire and the balun grounding wire are fixed on the dielectric plate.

11. The radiating element as claimed in claim 10, characterized in that, The balun feeder wire is integrally formed from sheet metal, and the balun grounding wire is also integrally formed from sheet metal.

12. The radiating element as claimed in claim 10, characterized in that, The dielectric plate has a through mounting hole running along its longitudinal direction, and the balun feeder wire and / or the balun grounding wire are disposed in the mounting hole.

13. The radiating element as claimed in claim 10, characterized in that, The balun feeder wire and / or the balun grounding wire are integrally injection molded with the dielectric substrate.

14. The radiating element as claimed in claim 10, characterized in that, The dielectric substrate is provided with a fixing structure, and the balun feeder wire and / or balun ground wire are provided with a matching structure corresponding to the fixing structure. The fixing structure and the matching structure are matched and fixed to fix the balun feeder wire and / or balun ground wire to the dielectric substrate.

15. The radiating element as claimed in claim 10, characterized in that, The radiating unit also includes a connector, wherein the grounding end of the grounding wire of each pair of baluns extends to the connector, and the two grounding ends are integrally formed with the connector.

16. The radiating element as claimed in claim 15, characterized in that, The outer conductor of the external coaxial cable is welded to the connector, and the inner conductor of the external coaxial cable is welded to the balun feeder wire.

17. An antenna comprising a reflector and a radiating array, said radiating array comprising a low-frequency radiating column and a high-frequency radiating column, characterized in that, At least one low-frequency radiation column is arranged among multiple high-frequency radiation columns, the low-frequency radiation column being composed of multiple low-frequency radiation units, the low-frequency radiation units being the radiation units as described in any one of claims 1 to 16.

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