A step air cooling system suitable for gas turbine inlet air cooling

Abstract

The application discloses a step-by-step air cooling system suitable for gas turbine air inlet cooling, which comprises a heat exchange channel, a sprayer arranged at the inlet and outlet of the heat exchange channel and a condensate water separator; the heat exchange channel comprises multiple groups of longitudinally equidistantly arranged fins and three-stage cooling pipelines vertically penetrating through the fins; the sprayer comprises an upper sprayer vertically spraying against the airflow direction and a side sprayer spraying along the airflow direction; low-temperature condensate water collected near the outlet of the heat exchange channel is connected with the inlet end of the first-stage cooling pipeline through a pipeline, the outlet end of the first-stage cooling pipeline is connected with the upper sprayer, higher-temperature condensate water collected near the inlet of the heat exchange channel is connected with the side sprayer through a pipeline, and the last two-stage cooling pipelines are respectively connected with two groups of refrigerators. The application solves the problems of the existing air inlet cooling technology, such as great influence of environmental temperature and humidity, failure to fully utilize the cooling capacity of the condensate water formed in the airflow cooling process and energy waste.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to gas turbine intake air cooling, and more particularly to a step-type air cooling system suitable for gas turbine intake air cooling. Background Technology

[0002] The output power of a gas turbine is directly proportional to the mass flow rate of the inlet air. However, when the ambient temperature rises, the air density decreases, the mass flow rate of the inlet air decreases, and the output power decreases accordingly. To improve the performance of a gas turbine, it is necessary to increase the mass flow rate of the inlet air by lowering the temperature of the inlet air, thereby maintaining stable output power.

[0003] Currently, intake air cooling technologies include evaporative refrigeration systems and contact refrigeration systems. Among them, the evaporative refrigeration system directly sprays condensate water into the gas turbine intake air to form an air-water vapor mixture, thereby reducing the intake air temperature. However, this system has high requirements for the purity of the working fluid water and is greatly affected by ambient humidity and temperature.

[0004] Contact refrigeration systems form heat exchange channels by combining fins and refrigerant pipes. The intake air exchanges heat on the surface of the channel to reduce the intake air temperature. The closer to the outlet of the heat exchange channel, the lower the temperature of the condensate formed and the stronger the cooling capacity. However, this system fails to make full use of the condensate formed in the heat exchange channel, resulting in energy waste. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Purpose of the invention: The purpose of this invention is to provide a step-by-step air cooling system suitable for cooling the intake air of a gas turbine, which gradually cools the intake air and makes full use of the cooling capacity of the condensate formed during the cooling process.

[0006] Technical Solution: To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a step-type air cooling system suitable for gas turbine intake air cooling, comprising a heat exchange channel, a sprayer installed at the inlet of the heat exchange channel, and a condensate separator at the outlet. The heat exchange channel includes multiple sets of longitudinally equidistant fins and three-stage cooling pipes perpendicularly penetrating the fins. The three-stage cooling pipes include a condensate cooling pipe, a cooling water cooling pipe, and a refrigerant cooling pipe arranged sequentially from the inlet to the outlet of the heat exchange channel. The sprayer includes an upper sprayer spraying perpendicular to the airflow direction and a side sprayer spraying along the airflow direction. Low-temperature condensate collected near the outlet of the heat exchange channel is connected to the inlet end of the condensate cooling pipe through a pipe, and the outlet end of the condensate cooling pipe is connected to the upper sprayer. Higher-temperature condensate collected near the inlet of the heat exchange channel is connected to the side sprayer through a pipe. The cooling water cooling pipe and the refrigerant cooling pipe are respectively connected to two sets of refrigeration units.

[0007] Among them, the condensate cooling pipe, the cooling water cooling pipe, and the refrigerant cooling pipe have their inlet end on the side closest to the heat exchange channel outlet, and their outlet end on the side closest to the heat exchange channel inlet.

[0008] The side sprayer is located to the left of the upper sprayer and humidifies the airflow entering the heat exchange channel. The spray holes of the upper sprayer are located above the condensate cooling pipe and further humidify the airflow after it has been sprayed by the side sprayer, and cool the fins and condensate cooling pipe.

[0009] The system includes a high-temperature condensate collection tray and a low-temperature condensate collection tray. The high-temperature condensate collection tray is located below the sprayer and the first two stages of cooling pipes and is used to collect the higher-temperature condensate collected near the inlet of the heat exchange channel. The low-temperature condensate collection tray is located below the refrigerant cooling pipes and the condensate separator and is used to collect the low-temperature condensate near the outlet of the heat exchange channel.

[0010] The high-temperature condensate collection pan and the low-temperature condensate collection pan are respectively equipped with outlet ends connected to the pipes.

[0011] The pipelines and pipes are equipped with working fluid pumps that transport condensate from the low-pressure area to the high-pressure area.

[0012] The air inlet of the condensate separator is connected to the outlet of the heat exchange channel. The interior includes multiple sets of longitudinally equidistant guide plates. The height of the guide plate on the side closer to the air inlet is higher than that on the other side, which facilitates water vapor to descend along the wall, deposit at the bottom of the separator, and flow into the low-temperature condensate collection tray.

[0013] Both sets of refrigeration units are absorption refrigeration units, including the first refrigeration unit and the second refrigeration unit.

[0014] The working fluid of the first refrigeration unit is cooling water, which is connected to the inlet and outlet ends of the cooling water cooling pipeline through pipelines and pipelines respectively. The pipeline is equipped with a working fluid pump that transports the cooling water from the low-pressure area to the high-pressure area.

[0015] The working fluid of the second refrigeration unit is a coolant, which is connected to the inlet and outlet ends of the refrigerant cooling pipeline through pipelines and pipelines respectively. A throttling valve is installed on the pipeline to control the flow rate of the coolant.

[0016] Beneficial Effects: This invention has the following advantages: 1. It adopts a three-stage cooling pipeline and utilizes the refrigeration performance characteristics of different working fluids to gradually cool the airflow from the high-temperature section to the low-temperature section, achieving a better cooling effect; 2. This system collects the water condensed during the initial cooling process of the airflow and uses it to spray and humidify the airflow at the inlet, increasing the humidity of the airflow and reducing the impact of low ambient air humidity on the cooling effect of the intake air; 3. This system collects the condensate generated near the outlet of the heat exchange channel and uses it to cool the cooling pipes and fins at the inlet, making full use of the cooling capacity of the condensate and improving the energy utilization efficiency of the system. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the effect of air temperature on energy consumption during the one-year operation period of this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments and accompanying drawings.

[0020] like Figure 1 As shown, the step-type air cooling system for gas turbine intake cooling according to the present invention includes a heat exchange channel 1, a sprayer 2 installed at the inlet of the heat exchange channel 1 and a condensate separator 3 installed at the outlet, and two sets of refrigeration units.

[0021] The heat exchange channel 1 includes multiple sets of longitudinally equidistant fins 11 and a three-stage cooling pipe that runs vertically through the fins 11. The three-stage cooling pipe includes a condensate cooling pipe 12, a cooling water cooling pipe 13, and a refrigerant cooling pipe 14 arranged sequentially from the inlet to the outlet of the heat exchange channel 1. The port of the three-stage cooling pipe near the outlet of the heat exchange channel 1 is the inlet end, and the port near the inlet of the heat exchange channel 1 is the outlet end.

[0022] The sprayer 2 includes an upper sprayer 21 located above the condensate cooling pipe 12 and spraying perpendicular to the airflow direction, and a side sprayer 22 located to the left of the upper sprayer 21 and spraying along the airflow direction.

[0023] The high-temperature condensate collected near the inlet of the heat exchange channel 1 is connected to the side sprayer 22 through pipe B to humidify the airflow entering the heat exchange channel 1, so that the water vapor content in the airflow is maintained within a certain range, reducing the impact of low ambient air humidity on the cooling effect of the air intake; the low-temperature condensate collected near the outlet of the heat exchange channel 1 is connected to the inlet end of the condensate cooling pipe 12 through pipe A, and the outlet end of the pipe is connected to the upper sprayer 21 to humidify the airflow and cool the fins 11 and the condensate cooling pipe 12.

[0024] Both sets of refrigeration units are absorption refrigeration units, including a first refrigeration unit 4 and a second refrigeration unit 5; the working fluid of the first refrigeration unit 4 is cooling water, which is connected to the inlet and outlet ends of the cooling water cooling pipe 13 through pipe C and pipe D respectively. Pipe C is equipped with a working fluid pump that transports the cooling water from the low-pressure area to the high-pressure area.

[0025] The working fluid of the second refrigeration unit 5 is a coolant, which is connected to the inlet and outlet ends of the refrigerant cooling pipe 14 through pipe E and pipe F respectively. Pipe E is equipped with a throttle valve 8 to control the flow rate of the coolant.

[0026] This system is equipped with a dedicated structure for collecting condensate, including a high-temperature condensate collection tray 6 and a low-temperature condensate collection tray 7. The high-temperature condensate collection tray 6 is located below the sprayer 2 and the first two stages of cooling pipes, and is used to collect the higher-temperature condensate collected near the inlet of the heat exchange channel 1. The low-temperature condensate collection tray 7 is located below the last stage of cooling pipes and the condensate separator 3, and is used to collect the low-temperature condensate near the outlet of the heat exchange channel 1.

[0027] The high-temperature condensate collection pan 6 and the low-temperature condensate collection pan 7 are respectively equipped with outlet ends connected to pipe B and pipe A. Both pipe A and pipe B are equipped with working fluid pumps that transport condensate from the low-pressure area to the high-pressure area.

[0028] The condensate separator 3 has an inlet that connects to the outlet of the heat exchange channel 1. Inside, it includes multiple sets of longitudinally equidistant guide vanes. The guide vanes on the side closer to the inlet are higher than those on the other side, causing water vapor to descend along the wall and eventually flow from the bottom outlet of the condensate separator 3 into the low-temperature condensate collection pan 7. Due to the multiple guide vanes obstructing the flow, the direction of gas flow changes, causing water vapor to descend along the wall, eventually depositing at the bottom of the separator and being discharged.

[0029] System workflow: First, add a small amount of water to the high-temperature condensate collection pan 6 and the low-temperature condensate collection pan 7, then turn on the system to start working. The airflow flows from the inlet to the outlet of the heat exchange channel 1. The working fluid pump on pipeline B draws water from the high-temperature condensate collection pan 6 and delivers it to the side sprayer 22, which initially humidifies the airflow entering the heat exchange channel 1.

[0030] The working fluid pump on pipe A draws water from the low-temperature condensate collection pan 7 into the condensate cooling pipe 12 and delivers it to the upper sprayer 21. This further humidifies the airflow after it has passed through the side sprayer 22 and cools the fins 11 and the condensate cooling pipe 12. The first refrigerator 4, through pipes C and D, forms a loop with the cooling water cooling pipe 13 to cool the pipe using cooling water. The second refrigerator 5, through pipes E and F, forms a loop with the coolant cooling pipe 14 to cool the pipe using coolant.

[0031] The high-temperature airflow, humidified by sprayer 2, is first cooled to a relatively high temperature through condensate cooling pipe 12, then further cooled to a lower temperature through cooling water pipe 13, and finally cooled to an even lower temperature through refrigerant cooling pipe 14. Throughout the cooling process, water vapor in the airflow gradually condenses into droplets that fall into the condensate collection pan. After exiting heat exchange channel 1, the airflow enters condensate separator 3, where it further condenses the water vapor into droplets through guide plates, ultimately flowing into the low-temperature condensate collection pan 7.

[0032] The three-stage cooling system uses condensate, cooling water, and coolant as the working fluids. This stepped cooling method, which utilizes the cooling performance characteristics of different working fluids, gradually cools the airflow from the high-temperature zone to the low-temperature zone, achieving a better cooling effect.

[0033] like Figure 2 The figure shows the energy consumed to cool the gas turbine intake air and the air temperature t during the system's one-year operation period. n2 (Unit: °C) Relationship curve; Σ(Q0*τ / G n ) represents annual energy consumption, expressed in MW·h / (kg / s), where G n τ represents airflow rate in kg / s, and t represents time in hours (h). n2 This refers to the temperature of the mixed gas after being cooled by sprayed condensate water at the inlet. As can be seen from the curve in the graph, with the air temperature t... n2 As the temperature rises, the energy required to cool the gas turbine intake gradually decreases, thus improving the system's energy utilization efficiency.

Claims

1. A step-type air cooling system suitable for gas turbine intake air cooling, comprising a heat exchange channel (1), a sprayer (2) disposed at the inlet of the heat exchange channel (1), and a condensate separator (3) disposed at the outlet, characterized in that: The heat exchange channel (1) includes multiple sets of longitudinally equidistant fins (11) and a three-stage cooling pipeline that runs vertically through the fins (11). The three-stage cooling pipeline includes a condensate cooling pipeline (12), a cooling water cooling pipeline (13), and a refrigerant cooling pipeline (14) arranged sequentially from the inlet to the outlet of the heat exchange channel (1). The sprayer (2) includes an upper sprayer (21) that sprays perpendicular to the airflow direction and a side sprayer (22) that sprays along the airflow direction. Low-temperature condensate collected near the outlet of the heat exchange channel (1) is connected to the inlet end of the condensate cooling pipeline (12) through pipe A. The outlet end of the condensate cooling pipeline (12) is connected to the upper sprayer (21). Higher-temperature condensate collected near the inlet of the heat exchange channel (1) is connected to the side sprayer (22) through pipe B. The cooling water cooling pipeline (13) and the refrigerant cooling pipeline (14) are respectively connected to two sets of refrigeration units.

2. The stepping air cooling system for gas turbine inlet cooling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The condensate cooling pipe (12), cooling water cooling pipe (13), and refrigerant cooling pipe (14) have an inlet end on the side near the outlet of the heat exchange channel (1) and an outlet end on the side near the inlet of the heat exchange channel (1).

3. The stepping air cooling system for gas turbine inlet cooling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side sprayer (22) is located to the left of the upper sprayer (21) to humidify the airflow entering the heat exchange channel (1). The spray holes of the upper sprayer (21) are located above the condensate cooling pipe (12) to further humidify the airflow after it has been sprayed by the side sprayer (22) and to cool the fins (11) and the condensate cooling pipe (12).

4. The stepping air cooling system for gas turbine inlet cooling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The system is equipped with a high-temperature condensate collection tray (6) and a low-temperature condensate collection tray (7). The high-temperature condensate collection tray (6) is located below the sprayer (2) and the first two cooling pipes, and is used to collect the high-temperature condensate collected near the inlet of the heat exchange channel (1). The low-temperature condensate collection tray (7) is located below the refrigerant cooling pipe (14) and the condensate separator (3), and is used to collect the low-temperature condensate near the outlet of the heat exchange channel (1).

5. The stepping air cooling system for gas turbine inlet cooling according to claim 4, characterized in that: The high-temperature condensate collection pan (6) and the low-temperature condensate collection pan (7) are respectively provided with outlet ends connected to pipe B and pipe A.

6. The stepping air cooling system for gas turbine inlet cooling according to claim 5, characterized in that: Both pipe A and pipe B are equipped with working fluid pumps that transport condensate from the low-pressure area to the high-pressure area.

7. The stepping air cooling system for gas turbine inlet cooling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air inlet of the condensate separator (3) is connected to the outlet of the heat exchange channel (1), and the interior includes multiple sets of longitudinally equidistant guide plates, with the height of the guide plate on the side closer to the air inlet being higher than that on the other side.

8. The stepping air cooling system for gas turbine inlet cooling according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both sets of refrigeration units are absorption refrigeration units, including a first refrigeration unit (4) and a second refrigeration unit (5).

9. The stepping air cooling system for gas turbine inlet cooling according to claim 8, characterized in that: The working fluid of the first refrigeration unit (4) is cooling water, which is connected to the inlet and outlet ends of the cooling water cooling pipe (13) through pipe C and pipe D respectively. Pipe C is equipped with a working fluid pump that transports the cooling water from the low-pressure area to the high-pressure area.

10. The stepping air cooling system for gas turbine inlet cooling according to claim 8, characterized in that: The working fluid of the second refrigeration unit (5) is a coolant, which is connected to the inlet and outlet ends of the refrigerant cooling pipeline (14) through pipeline E and pipeline F respectively. Pipeline E is equipped with a throttle valve (8) to control the flow rate of the coolant.

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