A processing method for Camellia nitidissima flowers

Abstract

The present invention discloses a processing method for Camellia nitidissima flowers, belonging to the technical field of Camellia nitidissima processing, and comprising the following steps: immersing the freshly picked Camellia nitidissima flowers in a high-pressure fluid, where the pressure of the high-pressure fluid is 10-70 MPa, the temperature is 5-30 °C, and the time is controlled within 3-15 min; the high-pressure fluid is a supercritical fluid; taking out the Camellia nitidissima flowers from the high-pressure fluid and placing them in a de-enzyming roller to conduct high-pressure carbon dioxide de-enzyming, with the pressure being 40-50 MPa, the temperature being 30-40 °C, and the de-enzyming time being 20-40 min; drying the de-enzymed Camellia nitidissima flowers under a vacuum at 10-50 °C and a vacuum degree of 5-10 Pa until the water content of the flowers is 5-7%. First, use the supercritical fluid to remove impurities and dust on the flower surface and take away the internal moisture and grassy smell of the flowers, and then conduct high-pressure carbon dioxide de-enzyming. By controlling the pressure and carbon dioxide content, the de-enzyming temperature is controlled below 50 °C. On the premise of ensuring complete inactivation of enzyme activity, the appearance of Camellia nitidissima will not be deformed or collapsed, thereby improving the quality of Camellia nitidissima.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of Camellia nitidissima processing, and more specifically, to a processing method for Camellia nitidissima flowers. Background Art

[0002] To prepare Camellia nitidissima flowers into substitute tea, physical heating methods are usually used for fixation and drying. However, for Camellia nitidissima flowers fixed by physical heating, their shapes collapse and deform during the fixation process, making them unattractive. To maintain the bright appearance of Camellia nitidissima, vacuum freeze-drying is commonly used for processing. After freeze-drying, the Camellia nitidissima flowers are immediately packaged and sold. In this way, the enzymes in the Camellia nitidissima flowers remain active, and the tea soup brewed from the Camellia nitidissima flowers has a strong grassy smell, which is a sign of inferior tea. Moreover, the tea has a relatively high cold energy, and people with weak constitutions are prone to feel weak after drinking it, which limits its market promotion. To reduce the cold energy of Camellia nitidissima flowers and remove the grassy smell, fixation treatment needs to be carried out before freeze-drying to inactivate the enzymes in the Camellia nitidissima flowers and keep the appearance and color of Camellia nitidissima basically unchanged, and a special fixation method is required.

[0003] For example, the invention patent application with the publication number CN111657368A discloses a method for green processing of Camellia nitidissima. After picking the Camellia nitidissima flowers, they are placed indoors for spreading and airing for 4 - 6 hours, then placed on a Camellia nitidissima shaping device for shaping, followed by microwave fixation, drying until the water content of the Camellia nitidissima does not exceed 10%, and after sorting, they are packaged according to quality. When fixing, the temperature reaches 180 - 190°C. Although it can fix the flower color, flower fragrance, flower shape and the content of functional components of Camellia nitidissima and prevent the cleavage of functional components under long-term storage conditions, it still causes the appearance of Camellia nitidissima to collapse and become unattractive. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To overcome the problem in the existing Camellia nitidissima fixation process that it is impossible to balance the inactivation of enzymes in Camellia nitidissima flowers and the appearance of Camellia nitidissima, the present invention provides a processing method for Camellia nitidissima flowers, which is characterized by including the following steps:

[0005] Step 1: Immerse the freshly picked Camellia nitidissima flowers in a high-pressure fluid, where the pressure of the high-pressure fluid is 10 - 70 MPa, the temperature is 5 - 30°C, and the immersion time is controlled within 3 - 15 minutes; the high-pressure fluid is a supercritical fluid;

[0006] Step 2: Take out the Camellia nitidissima flowers from the high-pressure fluid and place them in a fixation roller for high-pressure carbon dioxide fixation, with a pressure of 40 - 50 MPa, a temperature of 30 - 40°C, and a fixation time of 20 - 40 minutes;

[0007] Step 3: Vacuum-dry the fixed Camellia nitidissima flowers at 10 - 50°C and a vacuum degree of 5 - 10 Pa until the water content of the flowers is 5 - 7%.

[0008] First, use supercritical fluid to remove impurities and dust on the surface of the flowers, and take away the moisture and grassy smell inside the flowers. Then, carry out fixation with high-pressure carbon dioxide. By controlling the pressure and carbon dioxide content, the fixation temperature is controlled below 40°C. On the premise of ensuring complete inactivation of enzyme activity, the appearance of Camellia nitidissima will not be deformed or collapsed, thus improving the quality of Camellia nitidissima.

[0009] Immerse the freshly picked Camellia nitidissima flowers in high-pressure fluid. It can not only remove impurities and dust on the flower surface without water washing, but also use the high pressure to take away the moisture and grassy smell inside the flowers. In addition, it also has a certain impact on the cell walls inside the flowers, enabling a good fixation effect to be achieved without a high temperature during the high-pressure carbon dioxide fixation process.

[0010] Preferably, the supercritical fluid is supercritical carbon dioxide.

[0011] Preferably, the pressure of the high-pressure fluid is 30 - 50 MPa, and the temperature is 20 - 30°C.

[0012] Preferably, after the Camellia nitidissima flowers are immersed in the high-pressure fluid for 3 - 5 min, reduce the pressure of the high-pressure fluid by 5 - 20 MPa, and continue to maintain the pressure for 3 - 10 min.

[0013] Preferably, after the Camellia nitidissima flowers are immersed in the high-pressure fluid for 3 - 5 min, reduce the pressure of the high-pressure fluid in two steps, each time reducing by 3 - 5 MPa, and maintain the pressure for 3 - 5 min after each reduction.

[0014] Preferably, after the Camellia nitidissima flowers are immersed in the high-pressure fluid for 3 - 5 min, dynamically adjust the pressure of the high-pressure fluid so that it changes between the first fluid pressure P1 and the second fluid pressure P2, where the first fluid pressure P1 is 10 - 70 MPa, the second fluid pressure P2 is 5 - 60 MPa, and the first fluid pressure P1 and the second fluid pressure P2 satisfy the following conditions: 5 MPa ≤ P1 - P2 ≤ 10 MPa.

[0015] By changing the pressure of the high-pressure fluid, controllable expansion and contraction of the cell walls inside the flowers occur, accelerating the release of internal moisture and grassy smell, and at the same time changing the cell wall structure, which plays an auxiliary role in subsequent fixation.

[0016] Preferably, the water content of the Camellia nitidissima flowers after being treated with high-pressure fluid is 24 - 28%.

[0017] Preferably, the freshly picked Camellia nitidissima flowers are the freshly picked flowers within 12 h.

[0018] Preferably, the specific steps of high-pressure carbon dioxide fixation in the second step are as follows:

[0019] Step S101: Place the Camellia nitidissima flowers in a de-enzyming roller, and control the temperature inside the de-enzyming roller to remain at 30 - 40 °C;

[0020] Step S102: Evacuate the air from the de-enzyming roller, and introduce gas until the pressure inside the de-enzyming roller reaches the target pressure. The target pressure is 40 - 50 MPa, and the gas introduction time is controlled within 5 - 10 min; wherein the gas contains at least 95% or more carbon dioxide;

[0021] Step S103: Maintain the target pressure for 15 - 25 min, and at the same time control the de-enzyming roller to rotate at a rotation speed of 20 - 40 revolutions per minute. Then, exhaust the gas to the atmospheric pressure state and maintain it at the atmospheric pressure state for 5 - 10 min, so that the water content in the Camellia nitidissima flowers reaches 25 - 30%.

[0022] Preferably, in Step S102, a mixed gas of carbon dioxide and argon is introduced, and the volume content of carbon dioxide therein is not less than 96%, the volume content of argon is 0.5 - 3.0%, and it does not contain oxygen or the volume content of oxygen is less than 1%. Adding a small amount of argon to the carbon dioxide gas and combining it with high pressure has a better effect on inactivating the enzyme activity of Camellia nitidissima.

[0023] Preferably, the volume content of the carbon dioxide is 98.0 - 99.5%, the volume content of the argon is 0.5 - 2.0%, and the mixed gas does not contain oxygen.

[0024] Preferably, in Step S103, the gas is continuously introduced and exhausted to keep the pressure inside the de-enzyming roller within the target pressure range.

[0025] Preferably, in Step S103, the rate of gas introduction and exhaust is 0.2L0 / min, where L0 is the volume inside the de-enzyming roller.

[0026] Preferably, in Step S101, the strip-shaped leaves of Camellia nitidissima placed in the de-enzyming roller account for 1 / 10 - 1 / 5 of the volume of the de-enzyming roller, and the volume of the de-enzyming roller is 1 - 5 m 3 。

[0027] Preferably, in Step S102, gas is first introduced until the pressure inside the de-enzyming roller reaches 30 - 35 MPa, the gas introduction time is 3 - 5 min, and the introduction rate is V1. Then, gas is introduced again until the pressure inside the de-enzyming roller reaches the target pressure, the gas introduction time is 2 - 5 min, and the introduction speed is V2, and 1.5*V2 ≤ V1 ≤ 2*V2.

[0028] Preferably, in Step S101, the water content in the strip-shaped leaves of Camellia nitidissima is 65 - 75%.

[0029] The beneficial effects produced by adopting the technical solution of the present invention are as follows:

[0030] (1) First, use supercritical fluid to remove impurities and dust on the surface of the flower, and take away the internal moisture and grassy smell of the flower. Then, carry out fixation with high-pressure carbon dioxide. By controlling the pressure and carbon dioxide content, the fixation temperature is controlled below 40°C. On the premise of ensuring complete inactivation of enzyme activity, the appearance of Camellia nitidissima will not be deformed or collapsed, thus improving the quality of Camellia nitidissima.

[0031] Immerse the freshly picked Camellia nitidissima flowers in high-pressure fluid, which can not only remove impurities and dust on the flower surface without water washing, but also use high pressure to take away the internal moisture and grassy smell of the flower. In addition, it also has a certain impact on the cell walls inside the flower, enabling a good fixation effect without a high temperature during the high-pressure carbon dioxide fixation process.

[0032] (2) By changing the pressure of the high-pressure fluid, the cell walls inside the flower are controllably expanded and contracted, accelerating the release of internal moisture and grassy smell, and at the same time changing the cell wall structure, which plays an auxiliary role in subsequent fixation.

[0033] (3) Since it is necessary to ensure sufficient contact between the gas and the surface of Camellia nitidissima during the fixation process to guarantee the inactivation effect, here, through the dynamic introduction and discharge of high-pressure gas and the rotation of the fixation roller, sufficient contact between the gas and the surface of Camellia nitidissima is achieved, and the number of Camellia nitidissima processed by the fixation roller per unit volume can be ensured. Specific implementation mode

[0034] To make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely represents the selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] In this embodiment, first use supercritical fluid to remove impurities and dust on the surface of the flower, and take away the internal moisture and grassy smell of the flower. Then, carry out fixation with high-pressure carbon dioxide. By controlling the pressure and carbon dioxide content, the fixation temperature is controlled below 40°C. On the premise of ensuring complete inactivation of enzyme activity, the appearance of Camellia nitidissima will not be deformed or collapsed, thus improving the quality of Camellia nitidissima. The specific scheme is as follows:

[0036] A processing method for Camellia nitidissima flowers includes the following steps:

[0037] Step 1: Immerse the freshly picked Camellia nitidissima flowers in a high-pressure fluid, where the pressure of the high-pressure fluid is 10 - 70 MPa, the temperature is 5 - 30 °C, and the immersion time is controlled within 3 - 15 min; the high-pressure fluid is a supercritical fluid.

[0038] Step 2: Take out the Camellia nitidissima flowers from the high-pressure fluid and place them in a fixing roller for fixing with high-pressure carbon dioxide, where the pressure is 40 - 50 MPa, the temperature is 30 - 40 °C, and the fixing time is 20 - 40 min.

[0039] Step 3: Vacuum-dry the fixed Camellia nitidissima flowers at 10 - 50 °C and a vacuum degree of 5 - 10 Pa until the water content of the flowers is 5 - 7%.

[0040] As a preferred embodiment, the supercritical fluid is supercritical carbon dioxide.

[0041] As a preferred embodiment, the pressure of the high-pressure fluid is 30 - 50 MPa and the temperature is 20 - 30 °C.

[0042] As a preferred embodiment, after the Camellia nitidissima flowers are immersed in the high-pressure fluid for 3 - 5 min, reduce the pressure of the high-pressure fluid by 5 - 20 MPa and continue to maintain the pressure for 3 - 10 min.

[0043] As a preferred embodiment, after the Camellia nitidissima flowers are immersed in the high-pressure fluid for 3 - 5 min, reduce the pressure of the high-pressure fluid in two steps, each step reducing by 3 - 5 MPa, and maintain the pressure for 3 - 5 min after each reduction.

[0044] As a preferred embodiment, after the Camellia nitidissima flowers are immersed in the high-pressure fluid for 3 - 5 min, dynamically adjust the pressure of the high-pressure fluid so that it varies between a first fluid pressure P1 and a second fluid pressure P2, where the first fluid pressure P1 is 10 - 70 MPa, the second fluid pressure P2 is 5 - 60 MPa, and the first fluid pressure P1 and the second fluid pressure P2 satisfy the following condition: 5 MPa ≤ P1 - P2 ≤ 10 MPa.

[0045] As a preferred embodiment, the water content of the Camellia nitidissima flowers after being treated with the high-pressure fluid is 24 - 28%.

[0046] As a preferred embodiment, the freshly picked Camellia nitidissima flowers are the freshly picked flowers within 12 h.

[0047] As a preferred embodiment, the specific steps of fixing with high-pressure carbon dioxide in Step 2 are as follows:

[0048] Step S101: Place the Camellia nitidissima flowers in the fixing roller and control the temperature inside the fixing roller to be maintained at 30 - 40 °C.

[0049] Step S102: Evacuate the blanching roller and introduce gas until the pressure inside the blanching roller reaches the target pressure, which is 40 - 50 MPa, and the gas introduction time is controlled within 5 - 10 min; wherein the gas contains at least 95% carbon dioxide.

[0050] Step S103: Maintain the target pressure for 15 - 25 min while controlling the rotation of the blanching roller at a rotational speed of 20 - 40 revolutions per minute, then exhaust the gas to atmospheric pressure and maintain it at atmospheric pressure for 5 - 10 min to make the water content in the camellia nitidissima flowers reach 25 - 30%.

[0051] As a preferred embodiment, in step S102, a mixed gas of carbon dioxide and argon is introduced, and the volume content of carbon dioxide is not less than 96%, the volume content of argon is 0.5 - 3.0%, and it does not contain oxygen or the volume content of oxygen is less than 1%. Adding a small amount of argon to the carbon dioxide gas and cooperating with high pressure has a better effect on inactivating the enzyme activity of camellia nitidissima.

[0052] As a preferred embodiment, the volume content of the carbon dioxide is 98.0 - 99.5%, the volume content of the argon is 0.5 - 2.0%, and the mixed gas does not contain oxygen.

[0053] As a preferred embodiment, in step S103, continue to introduce and exhaust gas to keep the pressure inside the blanching roller within the target pressure range.

[0054] As a preferred embodiment, in step S103, the rate of gas introduction and exhaust is 0.2L0 / min, where L0 is the volume inside the blanching roller.

[0055] As a preferred embodiment, in step S101, the strip-shaped camellia nitidissima leaves are placed in the blanching roller, occupying 1 / 10 - 1 / 5 of the volume of the blanching roller, and the volume of the blanching roller is 1 - 5 m 3 。

[0056] As a preferred embodiment, in step S102, first introduce gas until the pressure inside the blanching roller reaches 30 - 35 MPa, the introduction time is 3 - 5 min, the introduction rate is V1, then introduce gas until the pressure inside the blanching roller reaches the target pressure, the introduction time is 2 - 5 min, the introduction speed is V2, and 1.5*V2 ≤ V1 ≤ 2*V2.

[0057] As a preferred embodiment, in step S101, the water content in the strip-shaped camellia nitidissima leaves is 65 - 75%.

[0058] The beneficial effects of the processing method of Camellia nitidissima flowers in this embodiment will be further reviewed through several sets of embodiments below.

[0059] Example 1:

[0060] A processing method of Camellia nitidissima includes the following steps:

[0061] Step 1, immersing the freshly picked Camellia nitidissima flowers in supercritical carbon dioxide, where the pressure of the supercritical carbon dioxide is 40 MPa, the temperature is 25 °C, and the immersion time is controlled at 10 min;

[0062] After the Camellia nitidissima flowers are immersed in the high-pressure fluid for 5 min, the pressure of the high-pressure fluid is dynamically adjusted to vary between a first fluid pressure P1 and a second fluid pressure P2, where the first fluid pressure P1 is 40 MPa, the second fluid pressure P2 is 35 MPa, and the variation frequency is 10 times / min.

[0063] Step 2, placing the Camellia nitidissima flowers in a de-enzyming roller, and controlling the temperature inside the de-enzyming roller to remain at 34 °C; evacuating the de-enzyming roller and introducing gas until the pressure inside the de-enzyming roller reaches the target pressure, the target pressure is 45 MPa, and the gas introduction time is controlled at about 8 min; where the volume content of carbon dioxide in the gas is 98.0%, the volume content of argon is 1.5%, and the mixed gas does not contain oxygen; the volume of the de-enzyming roller is 3 m 3 , and the introduction rate is 2.0 m 3 / min. Maintain the target pressure for 20 min, while controlling the rotation of the de-enzyming roller, the rotation speed is 30 revolutions / min, and then discharge the gas to the atmospheric state and maintain it at the atmospheric state for 7 min to make the water content in the Camellia nitidissima flowers reach 25 - 30%.

[0064] Step 3, vacuum-drying the Camellia nitidissima flowers after microwave de-enzyming at 10 - 50 °C and a vacuum degree of 5 - 10 Pa until the water content of the flowers is 5 - 7%.

[0065] Example 2:

[0066] A processing method of Camellia nitidissima includes the following steps:

[0067] Step 1, immersing the freshly picked Camellia nitidissima flowers in supercritical carbon dioxide, where the pressure of the supercritical carbon dioxide is 40 MPa, the temperature is 25 °C, and the immersion time is controlled at 15 min;

[0068] After the Camellia nitidissima flowers are immersed in the high-pressure fluid for 5 min, reduce the pressure of the high-pressure fluid to 30 MPa and continue to maintain the pressure for 10 min;

[0069] Step 2: Place the Camellia nitidissima flowers in a de-enzyming roller, and control the temperature inside the de-enzyming roller to remain at 34°C. Vacuumize the de-enzyming roller, and introduce gas until the pressure inside the de-enzyming roller reaches the target pressure, which is 45 MPa. Control the gas introduction time to be about 8 min. The volume content of carbon dioxide in the gas is 98.0%, the volume content of argon is 1.5%, and the mixed gas does not contain oxygen. The volume of the de-enzyming roller is 3 m 3 , and the introduction rate is 2.0 m 3 / min. Maintain the target pressure for 20 min, and at the same time, control the de-enzyming roller to rotate at a speed of 30 revolutions per minute. Then, discharge the gas to the atmospheric pressure state and maintain it for 7 min to make the water content in the Camellia nitidissima flowers reach 25 - 30%.

[0070] Step 3: Vacuum-dry the microwave-de-enzymed Camellia nitidissima flowers at 10 - 50°C and a vacuum degree of 5 - 10 Pa until the water content of the flowers reaches 5 - 7%.

[0071] Example 3:

[0072] A processing method of Camellia nitidissima includes the following steps:

[0073] Step 1: Immerse the picked fresh Camellia nitidissima flowers in supercritical carbon dioxide, where the pressure of the supercritical carbon dioxide is 40 MPa, the temperature is 25°C, and the immersion time is controlled at 15 min;

[0074] After the Camellia nitidissima flowers are immersed in the high-pressure fluid for 5 min, reduce the pressure of the high-pressure fluid in two steps, each time reducing by 5 MPa, and maintain the pressure for 5 min after each reduction;

[0075] Step 2: Place the Camellia nitidissima flowers in a de-enzyming roller, and control the temperature inside the de-enzyming roller to remain at 34°C. Vacuumize the de-enzyming roller, and introduce gas until the pressure inside the de-enzyming roller reaches the target pressure, which is 45 MPa. Control the gas introduction time to be about 8 min. The volume content of carbon dioxide in the gas is 98.0%, the volume content of argon is 1.5%, and the mixed gas does not contain oxygen. The volume of the de-enzyming roller is 3 m 3 , and the introduction rate is 2.0 m 3 / min. Maintain the target pressure for 20 min, and at the same time, control the de-enzyming roller to rotate at a speed of 30 revolutions per minute. Then, discharge the gas to the atmospheric pressure state and maintain it for 7 min to make the water content in the Camellia nitidissima flowers reach 25 - 30%.

[0076] Step 3: Vacuum-dry the microwave-de-enzymed Camellia nitidissima flowers at 10 - 50°C and a vacuum degree of 5 - 10 Pa until the water content of the flowers reaches 5 - 7%.

[0077] Example 4:

[0078] A processing method of Camellia nitidissima Chi, comprising the following steps:

[0079] Step 1, immersing the freshly picked Camellia nitidissima Chi flowers in supercritical carbon dioxide, wherein the pressure of the supercritical carbon dioxide remains unchanged at 40 MPa, the temperature is 25 °C, and the immersion time is controlled at 15 min;

[0080] Step 2, placing the Camellia nitidissima Chi flowers in a fixing roller, and controlling the temperature inside the fixing roller to remain at 34 °C; evacuating the fixing roller and introducing gas until the pressure inside the fixing roller reaches the target pressure, the target pressure is 45 MPa, and the gas introduction time is controlled at about 8 min; wherein the volume content of carbon dioxide in the gas is 98.0%, the volume content of argon is 1.5%, and the mixed gas does not contain oxygen; the volume of the fixing roller is 3 m 3 , and the introduction rate is 2.0 m 3 / min. Maintain the target pressure for 20 min, and at the same time control the rotation of the fixing roller, the rotation speed is 30 revolutions / min, and then discharge the gas to the atmospheric pressure state and maintain it at the atmospheric pressure state for 7 min to make the water content in the Camellia nitidissima Chi flowers reach 25 - 30%;

[0081] Step 3, vacuum-drying the Camellia nitidissima Chi flowers after microwave fixing at 10 - 50 °C and a vacuum degree of 5 - 10 Pa until the water content of the flowers is 5 - 7%.

[0082] Example 5:

[0083] A processing method of Camellia nitidissima Chi, comprising the following steps:

[0084] Step 1, immersing the freshly picked Camellia nitidissima Chi flowers in supercritical carbon dioxide, wherein the pressure of the supercritical carbon dioxide is 40 MPa, the temperature is 25 °C, and the immersion time is controlled at 10 min;

[0085] After the Camellia nitidissima Chi flowers are immersed in the high-pressure fluid for 5 min, dynamically adjust the high-pressure fluid pressure to change between the first fluid pressure P1 and the second fluid pressure P2, wherein the first fluid pressure P1 is 40 MPa, the second fluid pressure P2 is 35 MPa, and the change frequency is 10 times / min.

[0086] Step 2: Place the strip-shaped leaves of Camellia nitidissima in the fixing roller, and control the temperature inside the fixing roller to remain at 34°C; evacuate the fixing roller and introduce gas until the pressure inside the fixing roller reaches the target pressure, the target pressure is 45 MPa, and the gas introduction time is controlled at about 8 min; the volume content of carbon dioxide in the gas is 99.0%, the volume content of argon is 0.5%, and the mixed gas does not contain oxygen; the volume of the fixing roller is 3 m 3 , and the introduction rate is 2.0 m 3 / min. Maintain the target pressure for 20 min, and at the same time control the rotation of the fixing roller, the rotation speed is 30 revolutions / min, then discharge the gas to the atmospheric pressure state and maintain it at the atmospheric pressure state for 7 min to make the water content in the strip-shaped leaves of Camellia nitidissima reach 25 - 30%.

[0087] Step 3: Vacuum-dry the Camellia nitidissima flowers after microwave fixing at 10 - 50°C and a vacuum degree of 5 - 10 Pa until the water content of the flowers reaches 5 - 7%.

[0088] Example 6:

[0089] A processing method of Camellia nitidissima includes the following steps:

[0090] Step 1: Immerse the freshly picked Camellia nitidissima flowers in supercritical carbon dioxide, where the pressure of the supercritical carbon dioxide is 40 MPa, the temperature is 25°C, and the immersion time is controlled at 10 min;

[0091] After the Camellia nitidissima flowers are immersed in the high-pressure fluid for 5 min, dynamically adjust the high-pressure fluid pressure to change between the first fluid pressure P1 and the second fluid pressure P2, where the first fluid pressure P1 is 40 MPa, the second fluid pressure P2 is 35 MPa, and the change frequency is 10 times / min.

[0092] Step 2: Place the strip-shaped leaves of Camellia nitidissima in the fixing roller, and control the temperature inside the fixing roller to remain at 34°C; evacuate the fixing roller and introduce gas until the pressure inside the fixing roller reaches the target pressure, the target pressure is 45 MPa, and the gas introduction time is controlled at about 8 min; the volume content of carbon dioxide in the gas is 97.0%, the volume content of argon is 3.0%, and the mixed gas does not contain oxygen; the volume of the fixing roller is 3 m 3 , and the introduction rate is 2.0 m 3 / min. Maintain the target pressure for 20 min, and at the same time control the rotation of the fixing roller, the rotation speed is 30 revolutions / min, then discharge the gas to the atmospheric pressure state and maintain it at the atmospheric pressure state for 7 min to make the water content in the strip-shaped leaves of Camellia nitidissima reach 25 - 30%.

[0093] Step 3: The camellia nitidissima flowers after microwave fixation are dried under vacuum at 10-50°C and a vacuum degree of 5-10 Pa until the water content of the flowers is 5-7%.

[0094] Example 7:

[0095] A processing method of camellia nitidissima includes the following steps:

[0096] Step 1: Immerse the freshly picked camellia nitidissima flowers in supercritical carbon dioxide, where the pressure of the supercritical carbon dioxide is 40 MPa, the temperature is 25°C, and the immersion time is controlled at 10 min;

[0097] After the camellia nitidissima flowers are immersed in the high-pressure fluid for 5 min, dynamically adjust the pressure of the high-pressure fluid to vary between a first fluid pressure P1 and a second fluid pressure P2, where the first fluid pressure P1 is 40 MPa, the second fluid pressure P2 is 35 MPa, and the variation frequency is 10 times / min.

[0098] Step 2: Place the camellia nitidissima strip-shaped leaves in a fixation roller, and control the temperature inside the fixation roller to remain at 34°C; evacuate the fixation roller and introduce gas until the pressure inside the fixation roller reaches the target pressure, the target pressure is 45 MPa, and the gas introduction time is controlled at about 8 min; where the volume content of carbon dioxide in the gas is 99.5%, and the mixed gas does not contain oxygen and argon; the volume of the fixation roller is 3 m 3 , and the introduction rate is 2.0 m 3 / min. Maintain at the target pressure for 20 min, and at the same time control the rotation of the fixation roller, the rotation speed is 30 revolutions / min, then discharge the gas to the atmospheric state and maintain it at the atmospheric state for 7 min to make the water content in the camellia nitidissima strip-shaped leaves reach 25-30%. The camellia nitidissima flowers after microwave fixation are dried under vacuum at 10-50°C and a vacuum degree of 5-10 Pa until the water content of the flowers is 5-7%.

[0099] Test the oxidase activity and conduct appearance evaluation on the camellia nitidissima flowers obtained in the seven groups of examples, specifically as follows:

[0100] Table 1 Test and evaluation results of various indicators of camellia nitidissima flowers

[0101]

[0102] Evaluate the sensory quality of the camellia nitidissima in five groups of examples. All retain the unique aroma of camellia nitidissima, and have excellent shape and color, clear tea soup, and mellow and fresh taste.

[0103] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A processing method for Camellia nitidissima flowers, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: Step 1: Immerse the freshly picked Camellia nitidissima flowers in a high-pressure fluid, where the pressure of the high-pressure fluid is 30 - 50 MPa, the temperature is 20 - 30 °C, and the immersion time is controlled within 3 - 15 min; the high-pressure fluid is a supercritical fluid. Step 2: Take out the Camellia nitidissima flowers from the high-pressure fluid and place them in a fixing roller to conduct high-pressure carbon dioxide fixation, with the pressure being 40 - 50 MPa, the temperature being 30 - 40 °C, and the fixation time being 20 - 40 min. The specific steps of the high-pressure carbon dioxide fixation in Step 2 are as follows: Step S101: Place the Camellia nitidissima flowers in the fixing roller and control the temperature inside the fixing roller to remain at 30 - 40 °C. Step S102: Evacuate the air in the fixing roller and introduce gas until the pressure inside the fixing roller reaches the target pressure. The target pressure is 40 - 50 MPa, and the gas introduction time is controlled within 5 - 10 min; the gas contains at least 95% carbon dioxide. Step S103: Maintain the target pressure for 15 - 25 min, and at the same time control the rotation of the fixing roller, with the rotation speed being 20 - 40 revolutions per minute. Then discharge the gas to the atmospheric pressure state and maintain it at the atmospheric pressure state for 5 - 10 min to make the water content in the Camellia nitidissima flowers reach 25 - 30%. Step 3: Vacuum-dry the fixed Camellia nitidissima flowers at 10 - 25 °C and a vacuum degree of 5 - 10 Pa until the water content of the flowers is 9 - 11%.

2. The processing method of a Camellia nitidissima flower according to claim 1, characterized in that, The supercritical fluid is supercritical carbon dioxide.

3. The processing method of a Camellia nitidissima flower according to claim 1, characterized in that, After the Camellia nitidissima flowers are immersed in the high-pressure fluid for 3 - 5 min, reduce the pressure of the high-pressure fluid by 5 - 20 MPa and continue to maintain the pressure for 3 - 10 min.

4. The processing method of Camellia nitidissima flowers according to claim 1, characterized in that After the Camellia nitidissima flowers are immersed in the high-pressure fluid for 3 - 5 min, reduce the pressure of the high-pressure fluid in two steps, with each step reducing by 3 - 5 MPa, and maintain the pressure for 3 - 5 min after each reduction.

5. The processing method of a Camellia nitidissima flower according to claim 1, characterized in that, After the Camellia nitidissima flowers are immersed in the high-pressure fluid for 3 - 5 min, dynamically adjust the pressure of the high-pressure fluid to vary between a first fluid pressure P1 and a second fluid pressure P2, where the first fluid pressure P1 is 10 - 70 MPa, the second fluid pressure P2 is 5 - 60 MPa, and the first fluid pressure P1 and the second fluid pressure P2 satisfy the following conditions: 5 MPa ≤ P1 - P2 ≤ 10 MPa.

6. The processing method of a Camellia nitidissima flower according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water content of the Camellia nitidissima flowers after being treated with the high-pressure fluid is 24 - 28%.

7. A processing method for Camellia nitidissima flowers according to claim 1, characterized in that, The freshly picked Camellia nitidissima flowers are the freshly picked flowers within 12 h.

8. A processing method of Camellia nitidissima flowers according to claim 1, characterized in that, In Step S102, introduce a mixed gas of carbon dioxide and argon, and the volume content of carbon dioxide is not less than 96%, the volume content of argon is 0.5 - 3.0%, and it does not contain oxygen or the volume content of oxygen is less than 1%.

Images