A method for adjusting coaxiality of a decentralized positioner

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of dispersed positioner coaxality adjustment methods, belong to aircraft assembly tool manufacturing technical field.The application solves the coaxality adjustment of similar dispersed positioner, can make positioner quickly adjust and meet use requirement, shorten the development cycle of product.In assembly, repeatedly verified, using the method can realize the quick positioning of tool parts and guarantee tolerance, reduce the repetitive labor time of worker;Improve assembly accuracy, simple operation, shorten manufacturing cycle.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of aircraft assembly tool manufacturing, and relates to a method for adjusting coaxiality of a decentralized positioner. BACKGROUND

[0002] Nowadays, the adjustment of coaxiality of a decentralized positioner is often required in an aircraft assembly jig (such as Figure 1 ), and such a positioner is mainly used for positioning a rotating part of an aircraft (for example, a hinge structure, a flap hinge, a folding wing hinge, a cartridge door hinge, or a leading edge hinge).

[0003] Such a positioner has the following difficulties in the adjustment process: 1) the coaxiality requirement is relatively high, generally φ0.08mm, and the position degree of the axis is 0.12mm, and the end face position degree of each group of intersection points needs to be controlled to 0.1mm during the adjustment; 2) the number of positioners is large, and it is difficult to coordinate with each other; 3) the distance between the positioners is relatively far, and it is difficult to control the error during the adjustment process; 4) when wear occurs or design changes occur during the use of the positioner, it is difficult to reset again, the adjustment period is relatively long, and the precision is not easy to control; and 5) according to the traditional manufacturing route, the manufacturing method of such a tool is to make a gauge to coordinate the positioner of the tool, and the use of the method is easy to adjust the tool, but the preparation period is relatively long, which seriously delays the product development period. SUMMARY

[0004] According to the structural characteristics and use requirements of the tool, the axial position degree of the structure and the position degree of the positioning end face need to be controlled, and the parallelism of the two axes in each group of arm structures also needs to be controlled, otherwise the assembly of the product will be affected. For the two-end slot type intersection structure, the positioning product surface inside the slot is controlled as the key feature for adjustment. During installation and adjustment, the rotation axis is mainly controlled, the subsequent assembly influence is judged according to the tool structure characteristics, the tool is adjusted through the laser tracker, the tool shaft, and other tools, and a method for adjusting the coaxiality of a decentralized positioner is provided. Figure 2 The tool structure can be initially analyzed to find that the tool is weak in the axial direction, that is, it is easy to deform in the subsequent use. There may be a positioning pin gap problem in the assembly movement direction, which affects the offset in the vertical axis direction, and the axis is easy to twist and translate in the horizontal direction, so the deflection in the relatively weak direction needs to be enhanced. The present application provides a method for adjusting the coaxiality of a decentralized positioner by using a laser tracker, a tool shaft, and other tools.

[0005] The technical scheme of the present application is as follows:

[0006] A method for adjusting the coaxiality of a decentralized positioner, comprising the following steps:

[0007] Step one: According to the structure of the distributed locator, the locator is classified in CATIA software, divided into slot type locator and single ear type locator, and the function is pre-judged. The slot type locator and the single ear type locator are classified and processed and controlled tolerance. 1) The processing process of the slot type locator: the processing process of the slot type locator should pay attention to the verticality of the slot, the two outer end faces and the hole axis, the symmetry of the outer end face and the slot, the verticality and symmetry ≤0.02mm, so the machining of this kind of locator should be completed in one clamping to ensure that there is no transfer error. 2) The processing process of the single ear type locator: the processing process of the single ear type locator only needs to ensure that the single ear working surface is perpendicular to the hole axis ≤0.02mm, without ensuring the symmetry of the two end faces of the ear. As long as the shape and position tolerance requirements of the two kinds of locators are met, the locator can be successfully installed.

[0008] Then measure the inner hole diameter of the slot type locator, the inner hole diameter of the single ear type locator and the distance between the two adjacent locators, select the adjacent farthest locator, and measure the distance to make the tool shaft. The outer circle of the tool shaft is according to h6 tolerance, and the straightness tolerance is according to 0.005mm / 500mm, so as to reduce the external conditions of introducing error and improve the assembly accuracy of the part.

[0009] Step two: According to the use requirements of the locator, analyze whether the locator is one-way action or two-way action (one-way action is only axial positioning action; two-way action is both axial action and station direction limiting action). The slot type locator in this example belongs to two-way action, which positions the product station and positions the product axial rotation direction; the other single ear type locator in this example belongs to one-way action, which only positions the product axial rotation direction.

[0010] The two-way action of the slot type locator needs to install the optical measurement single point tool ball of the laser tracker on the two end faces of the locator. According to the principle that two points determine a straight line and the measured axis length is greater than the positioning length of the locator, the position of the locator axis can be ensured to be accurate; through the single point tool ball value of the two end faces of the slot type locator, the station of the slot type locator is determined, and finally the use state of the locator can be ensured.

[0011] The one-way action of the single ear type locator only needs to install the optical measurement double point tool ball of the laser tracker on the center hole of the locator. Since the double point tool ball can realize axis measurement, the single ear type locator only needs to ensure the accuracy of the axis position, which is simple and convenient to operate, and can fully meet the use of the single ear type locator.

[0012] Step three: according to the advantages and disadvantages of the aircraft coordinate system and the tooling coordinate system, the two coordinate systems are combined for use. When coarsely adjusting, the tooling coordinate system is established according to the main body of the tooling, and the tooling is quickly adjusted to the ideal position of the tooling; when finely adjusting, the aircraft coordinate system is established according to the main body of the tooling, and the tooling is accurately adjusted to the theoretical position, so that the rapid assembly of the tooling is finally realized and the accuracy is extremely high.

[0013] Step four: using the tool shaft to check the adjusted tooling and evaluate the coaxiality effect of the tooling.

[0014] The length of the tool shaft should be greater than twice the distance between the two adjacent positioners (to ensure that three positioners can pass through at the same time, and the coaxiality requirement can be met); the diameter of the tool shaft is determined according to the inner hole diameter of the positioner; the material of the tool shaft is 45 steel for heat treatment of 35-39HRC, to ensure the strength, hardness, wear resistance and stability of the tool shaft.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present application: the present application solves the coaxiality adjustment of similar decentralized positioners, can quickly adjust the positioner and meet the use requirements, shortens the product development cycle. Through repeated verification in assembly, the method can realize the rapid positioning of tooling parts and ensure the tolerance, reduce the repeated labor time of workers; improve the assembly precision, the operation is simple, and the manufacturing cycle is shortened. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of a decentralized positioner structure.

[0017] Figure 2 It is an adjustment example diagram of a decentralized positioner.

[0018] In the figure: 1 is a slot type positioner; 2 is a single ear type positioner; 3 is a tool shaft; 4 is a double-point tool ball; 5 is a single-point tool ball; 6 is a fixed support; 7 is a linear guide rail; 8 is a speed reducer; 9 is a positioning press; 10 is a support; 11 is a threaded transmission shaft; 12 is a bottom plate; 13 is a screw; 14 is a flat washer; 15 is a cylindrical pin. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the present application more clear and explicit, the specific embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

[0020] As Figure 2 shown, a specific embodiment of a coaxiality adjustment method for a decentralized positioner is as follows:

[0021] Step 1: Collect all the parts according to the tool drawing, count the quantity, check the drawing number and identification of each tool part. Check the tool model and measure the inner hole diameter of the notched locator 1, the inner hole diameter of the single ear locator 2 and the distance between the two adjacent locators, select the adjacent locators far away and measure the distance; then make tool shaft 3 according to the inner hole diameter of the notched locator, the inner hole diameter of the single ear locator and the distance. The length of the tool shaft measured value needs to be greater than the measured distance, and the manufacturing tolerance of the tool shaft is reasonably distributed. The outer circle is according to h6 tolerance, and the straightness tolerance is according to 0.005mm / 500mm. The measuring machine detects and provides a report.

[0022] Step 2: Check the manufacturing precision of the parts according to the manufacturing tolerance of the notched locator 1 and the single ear locator 2. The notched locator 1 mainly checks the size tolerance of the notch and ear, the inner hole tolerance of the positioning hole and the perpendicularity of the hole and surface; the single ear locator 2 checks the single ear tolerance and inner hole tolerance and the perpendicularity of the hole and surface. The size tolerance is according to H7 / h7 level, the hole diameter tolerance is according to H7, the perpendicularity and symmetry are checked according to 0.02mm, and the measuring machine detects and provides a report. Select a single point tool ball or double point tool ball in the data model, and select one of the main positioning points (i.e. one of the main tool ball points) according to the tool locator adjustment principle. The other positioning point (i.e. the other tool ball point) can be discarded if it cannot be adjusted. The so-called discard must also ensure that the adjustment tolerance is controlled within ±0.15mm, otherwise the locator must be re manufactured.

[0023] Step 3: After establishing the tool coordinate system on the tool using the laser tracker, adjust the notched locator according to the single point tool ball value of the notched locator, ensure that the tolerance of the two single point tool ball points on the notched locator is controlled within ±0.05mm, and the deviation is consistent (the tolerance signs of the two locators are consistent). Then adjust the single ear locator according to the double point tool ball value of the single ear locator, ensure that the tolerance of the double point tool ball points of the single ear locator is controlled within ±0.05mm, and the deviation is consistent (the tolerance signs of the locators are consistent). If it cannot be adjusted, only the coordinates of the point far away from the locator (i.e. the coordinates coinciding with the axis direction) of the double point tool ball can be discarded. The meaning of discarding is the same as step 2, and the operation method is the same. The single ear locator cannot be fixed by the cylindrical pin 15 only through the screw 13.

[0024] Finally, after establishing the aircraft coordinate system on the tool using the laser tracker, check and verify the size tolerance of each locator. If it is qualified, proceed to step 4; otherwise, adjust each locator according to the above method.

[0025] Step 4: After the tool shaft 3 passes through the slot type positioner, the single ear positioner from left to right in turn, check the passing situation of the tool shaft, mainly check the smooth situation when the tool shaft passes through, the tightness when rotating. If the passing is not smooth or the rotation is tight, the single ear positioner needs to be adjusted to ensure the smooth passing or rotation of the positioning shaft; the rest of the single ear positioner is adjusted in this way, and finally the passing situation is checked when passing through the slot type positioner. If the passing is not smooth or the rotation is not smooth at the last slot type positioner, the single ear positioner needs to be adjusted again to ensure smooth passing or rotation. Finally, the slot type positioner and the single ear positioner are fixed with cylindrical pins 15.

[0026] Step 5: After the above steps are completed, the linear guide 7 is connected and fixed with the bottom plate 12 by screws 13 and cylindrical pins 15, ensuring smooth sliding; the reducer 8 is fixed on the support and connected with the threaded drive shaft 11, the threaded drive shaft 11 is connected with the bottom plate 12, realizing the movement of the bottom plate forward and backward driven by the hand wheel, finally the fixed support 6 and the positioning presser 9 are added on the appropriate position of the bottom plate 12, ensuring accurate reset of each positioning.

[0027] The second method is to adjust the single ear positioner from the slot type positioner to the middle at the same time, and check the passing situation of the tool shaft, mainly check the smooth situation when the tool shaft passes through, the tightness when rotating. If the passing is not smooth or the rotation is tight, the single ear positioner needs to be adjusted to ensure the smooth passing or rotation of the positioning shaft; attention should be paid to controlling the tolerance deviation consistent when adjusting. After the adjustment is completed, the tool shaft 3 passes through all the positioners from left to right in turn to check the adjustment result. If it can pass smoothly, it means that the adjustment result meets the use requirements; if it is difficult to pass or the rotation is not flexible, it needs to be adjusted again until it meets the requirements.

[0028] Through the adjustment of these two methods, the positioner adjustment can finally meet the tolerance requirements. Workers can choose according to their actual skills and experience. Workers usually use the second method to adjust, which takes less time and has less difficulty.

Claims

1. A method for adjusting the coaxiality of a distributed positioner, characterized in that, The method includes the following steps: Step 1: Based on the structure of the distributed positioner, classify the positioners in CATIA software into slotted positioners and single-ear positioners, pre-determine their functions, and classify, process and control tolerances for slotted positioners and single-ear positioners respectively. Then measure the inner diameter of the slotted locator, the inner diameter of the single-ear locator, and the distance between two adjacent locators. Select the locator that is farther apart and measure the distance to make the tool shaft. Step Two: Based on the usage requirements of the locator, analyze whether the locator functions unidirectionally or bidirectionally. For a slotted locator to function bidirectionally, optical measuring tool balls from a laser tracker must be installed on both ends of the locator. A straight line is determined based on these two points, and the measured axis length must be greater than the locator's positioning length to ensure accurate locator axis positioning. The position of the slotted locator is determined using the values ​​of the tool balls on both ends of the locator, ultimately ensuring the locator's operational status. The unidirectional function of the single-ear positioner only requires the installation of a laser tracker's optical measurement dual-point tool ball in the center hole of the positioner. Since the dual-point tool ball can achieve axis measurement, while the single-ear positioner only needs to ensure the accuracy of the axis position, it meets the requirements for use of the single-ear positioner. Step 3: Use the aircraft coordinate system and the tooling coordinate system in combination; during coarse adjustment, establish the tooling coordinate system according to the main body of the tooling and quickly adjust the tooling to the ideal position; during fine adjustment, establish the aircraft coordinate system according to the main body of the tooling and accurately adjust the tooling to the theoretical position. Step 4: Use the tool axis to check the adjusted tooling and evaluate the coaxiality performance of the tooling.

2. The method for adjusting the coaxiality of a distributed positioner according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step one, 1) the processing of slotted positioners: the processing of slotted positioners requires controlling the perpendicularity of the slot, the two outer end faces to the hole axis, and the symmetry of the outer end faces to the slot. The perpendicularity and symmetry should be ≤0.02mm. The processing of this type of positioner should be completed in one clamping to ensure no transfer error; 2) the processing of single-ear positioners: the processing of single-ear positioners only requires ensuring that the perpendicularity of the single ear working surface to the hole axis is ≤0.02mm, and it is not necessary to ensure the symmetry of the two end faces of the ear.

3. A method for adjusting the coaxiality of a distributed positioner according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The specific method for step three is as follows: After establishing the tooling coordinate system on the tooling using a laser tracker, adjust the slotted positioner according to the single-point tool ball value of the slotted positioner to ensure that the tolerance of the two single-point tool ball points on the slotted positioner is controlled within ±0.05mm and the deviations are consistent; then, adjust the single-ear positioner according to the double-point tool ball value of the single-ear positioner to ensure that the tolerance of the double-point tool ball points of the single-ear positioner is controlled within ±0.05mm and the deviations are consistent; finally, after establishing the aircraft coordinate system on the tooling using a laser tracker, check and verify the dimensional tolerances of each positioner. If they are qualified, proceed to step four; otherwise, readjust each positioner according to the above method.

4. A method for adjusting the coaxiality of a distributed positioner according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The process of step four is as follows: After passing the tool shaft from left to right through the slotted locator and the single-ear locator, check the smoothness of the tool shaft's passage and the tightness of its rotation. If there is any difficulty in passing or rotation, the single-ear locator needs to be fine-tuned to ensure smooth passage or rotation of the locating shaft. The other single-ear locators are adjusted in the same way. Finally, check the passage through the slotted locator. If there is any difficulty in passing through or rotation at the slotted locator, the single-ear locator needs to be readjusted to ensure smooth passage or rotation. Finally, fix the slotted locator and the single-ear locator.

5. The method for adjusting the coaxiality of a distributed positioner according to claim 3, characterized in that, The process of step four is as follows: After passing the tool shaft from left to right through the slotted locator and the single-ear locator, check the smoothness of the tool shaft's passage and the tightness of its rotation. If there is any difficulty in passing or rotation, the single-ear locator needs to be fine-tuned to ensure smooth passage or rotation of the locating shaft. The other single-ear locators are adjusted in the same way. Finally, check the passage through the slotted locator. If there is any difficulty in passing through or rotation at the slotted locator, the single-ear locator needs to be readjusted to ensure smooth passage or rotation. Finally, fix the slotted locator and the single-ear locator.

6. A method for adjusting the coaxiality of a distributed positioner according to claim 1, 2, or 5, characterized in that, The length of the tool shaft is greater than twice the distance between two adjacent positioners; the diameter of the tool shaft is determined according to the inner diameter of the positioner; the tool shaft is made of 45 steel and heat-treated to 35-39 HRC.

7. The method for adjusting the coaxiality of a distributed positioner according to claim 3, characterized in that, The length of the tool shaft is greater than twice the distance between two adjacent positioners; the diameter of the tool shaft is determined according to the inner diameter of the positioner; the tool shaft is made of 45 steel and heat-treated to 35-39 HRC.

8. The method for adjusting the coaxiality of a distributed positioner according to claim 4, characterized in that, The length of the tool shaft is greater than twice the distance between two adjacent positioners; the diameter of the tool shaft is determined according to the inner diameter of the positioner; the tool shaft is made of 45 steel and heat-treated to 35-39 HRC.

9. A method for adjusting the coaxiality of a distributed positioner according to claim 1, 2, 5, 7 or 8, characterized in that, The outer diameter of the tool shaft is subject to an h6 tolerance, and the straightness tolerance is 0.005mm / 500mm.

10. The method for adjusting the coaxiality of a distributed positioner according to claim 6, characterized in that, The outer diameter of the tool shaft is subject to an h6 tolerance, and the straightness tolerance is 0.005mm / 500mm.

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