Display Panel and Display Device

Abstract

The present disclosure provides a display panel and a display device. The display panel includes: a substrate, an insulating layer, a liquid crystal layer, a color filter substrate, a first electrode layer, and a second electrode layer. The insulating layer is disposed on one side of the substrate; the liquid crystal layer is disposed on the side of the insulating layer away from the substrate; the color filter substrate is disposed on the side of the liquid crystal layer away from the insulating layer; the first electrode layer is disposed between the insulating layer and the liquid crystal layer; the second electrode layer is disposed between the liquid crystal layer and the color filter substrate, or between the substrate and the insulating layer; wherein, a metasurface grating is formed on the surface of the insulating layer, the first electrode layer or the second electrode layer facing the light-emitting side of the display panel, and the metasurface grating is located on the side of the liquid crystal layer facing the light-emitting side; the display panel includes a plurality of pixel units, and the metasurface grating is configured to focus the light beam of one pixel unit among two adjacent pixel units on the left-eye display area, and focus the light beam of the other pixel unit on the right-eye display area, achieving a naked-eye three-dimensional display effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the field of display technologies, and in particular, to a display panel and a display device. Background Art

[0002] Currently, traditional display devices can only present two-dimensional images. This lack of depth in planar information restricts, to a certain extent, the exploration and understanding of the vast world by humans. Research shows that almost 50% of the human brain is involved in processing visual information, and the presentation of two-dimensional images leads to a reduced utilization rate of the brain. Autostereoscopic three-dimensional (3D) display has great application value in the fields of film and television, gaming, education, vehicle-mounted, aviation, medical, and military. Taking the military field as an example, in all aspects such as mechanical manufacturing, battlefield analysis, military command, and remote operation, the visualization of three-dimensional images is required, which will have a huge impact on improving work efficiency.

[0003] Therefore, autostereoscopic 3D display is known as the "next-generation display technology" and has become one of the important research fields and technologies that many display companies are competing to research.

[0004] It should be noted that the information disclosed in the above background art section is only used to enhance the understanding of the background of the present disclosure, and thus may include information that does not constitute the prior art known to those of ordinary skill in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] An object of the embodiments of the present disclosure is to provide a display panel and a display device, which achieve an autostereoscopic 3D display effect.

[0006] According to one aspect of the embodiments of the present disclosure, a display panel is provided. The display panel includes:

[0007] A substrate;

[0008] An insulating layer provided on one side of the substrate;

[0009] A liquid crystal layer provided on the side of the insulating layer facing away from the substrate;

[0010] A color filter substrate provided on the side of the liquid crystal layer facing away from the insulating layer;

[0011] A first electrode layer provided between the insulating layer and the liquid crystal layer;

[0012] A second electrode layer provided between the liquid crystal layer and the color filter substrate, or provided between the substrate and the insulating layer;

[0013] A metasurface grating is formed on the surface of the insulating layer, the first electrode layer or the second electrode layer facing the light-emitting side of the display panel, and the metasurface grating is located on the side of the liquid crystal layer facing the light-emitting side; the display panel includes a plurality of pixel units, and the metasurface grating is configured to focus the light beam of one of two adjacent pixel units on a left-eye display area, and to focus the light beam of the other pixel unit on a right-eye display area.

[0014] In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the insulating layer includes:

[0015] A first insulating layer, wherein the first insulating layer is located between the first electrode layer and the base substrate;

[0016] a second insulating layer, the second insulating layer being disposed between the first insulating layer and the first electrode layer;

[0017] Wherein, when a metasurface grating is formed on the surface of the insulating layer facing the light emitting side of the display panel, the metasurface grating is formed on the surface of the first insulating layer or the second insulating layer facing the light emitting side of the display panel.

[0018] In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the side of the color filter substrate facing away from the liquid crystal layer is the light emitting side, the second electrode layer is arranged between the liquid crystal layer and the color filter substrate, and the metasurface grating is formed on the surface of the second electrode layer facing away from the liquid crystal layer.

[0019] In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the side of the base substrate facing away from the liquid crystal layer is the light emitting side, and the second electrode layer is arranged between the base substrate and the insulating layer, and the supersurface grating is formed on the surface of the insulating layer, the first electrode layer or the second electrode layer facing the base substrate.

[0020] In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the side of the base substrate facing away from the liquid crystal layer is the light emitting side, and the second electrode layer is arranged between the liquid crystal layer and the color film substrate, and the supersurface grating is formed on the surface of the insulating layer or the first electrode layer facing the base substrate.

[0021] In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the metasurface grating includes a plurality of nanocolumn structures, the pixel unit includes a red sub-pixel, a green sub-pixel and a blue sub-pixel, the red sub-pixel, the green sub-pixel and the blue sub-pixel respectively correspond to at least one nanocolumn structure, and the light beams of the red sub-pixel, the green sub-pixel and the blue sub-pixel in one pixel unit are focused at the same position through the corresponding nanocolumn structure.

[0022] In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the nanostructure corresponding to the red sub-pixel, the green sub-pixel, and the blue sub-pixel has different structures.

[0023] In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the nanostructure includes a first extension portion and a second extension portion, and the first extension portion is perpendicular to the second extension portion.

[0024] In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the length and width of the nanostructure are 100 nm to 500 nm, the height is 100 nm to 400 nm, and the rotation angle is 0° to 180°.

[0025] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a display device is provided, and the display device includes the above-mentioned display panel.

[0026] For the display panel provided by the present disclosure, a metasurface grating is formed on the surface of the insulating layer, the first electrode layer, or the second electrode layer facing the light-emitting side of the display panel, and the metasurface grating is located on the side of the liquid crystal layer facing the light-emitting side. The metasurface grating is configured to focus the light beam of one pixel unit in two adjacent pixel units on the left-eye display area and focus the light beam of the other pixel unit on the right-eye display area. That is, based on the metasurface technology, a metasurface grating is fabricated on the film layer in the pixel light-transmitting area of the LCD to form a superlens array, realizing the regulation of the light field at the micro scale. By using the lens function of the metasurface grating to reconstruct the viewing angle in the two-dimensional space, full parallax can be achieved, enabling the conventional LCD to achieve a naked-eye 3D display effect. At the same time, the metasurface grating is formed on the film layer in the light-transmitting area of the LCD, and the formation of the metasurface grating has high compatibility with the LCD process, and at the same time, the LCD achieving the naked-eye 3D display effect has the advantages of being ultra-thin, planar, low-loss, and easy to integrate. In addition, the metasurface grating is formed on the light-emitting side of the liquid crystal layer, and the light emitted by the backlight source first passes through the liquid crystal layer and then passes through the metasurface, avoiding the influence of the liquid crystal birefringence effect on the focused light beam.

[0027] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are only exemplary and explanatory, and cannot limit the present disclosure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] The accompanying drawings herein are incorporated into the specification and form a part of the specification, showing embodiments consistent with the present disclosure and used together with the specification to explain the principles of the present disclosure. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present disclosure, and those of ordinary skill in the art can also obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts. In the drawings:

[0029] Figure 1Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional image acquisition and reproduction process provided for an disclosed embodiment;

[0030] Figure 2 Top view of the metasurface nanocolumn structure provided for an disclosed embodiment;

[0031] Figure 3 Front view of the metasurface nanocolumn structure provided for an disclosed embodiment;

[0032] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the first nanocolumn structure array of the metasurface grating provided for an disclosed embodiment;

[0033] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the second nanocolumn structure array of the metasurface grating provided for an disclosed embodiment;

[0034] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the third nanocolumn structure array of the metasurface grating provided for an disclosed embodiment;

[0035] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the combined array of the first nanocolumn structure, the second nanocolumn structure and the third nanocolumn structure of the metasurface grating provided for an disclosed embodiment;

[0036] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the working principle of the transmissive coaxial focusing metalens provided for an disclosed embodiment;

[0037] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the structure of the display panel forming the metasurface grating in the TN display mode provided for the first disclosed embodiment;

[0038] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the structure of the display panel forming the metasurface grating in the TN display mode provided for the second disclosed embodiment;

[0039] Figure 11 Schematic diagram of the structure of the display panel forming the metasurface grating in the TN display mode provided for the third disclosed embodiment;

[0040] Figure 12 Schematic diagram of the structure of the display panel forming the metasurface grating in the ADS display mode provided for the fourth disclosed embodiment;

[0041] Figure 13 Schematic diagram of the structure of the display panel forming the metasurface grating in the ADS display mode provided for the fifth disclosed embodiment;

[0042] Figure 14 Schematic diagram of the structure of the display panel forming the metasurface grating in the ADS display mode provided for the sixth disclosed embodiment.

[0043] Description of the reference numerals:

[0044] 11. Physical object; 12. Lens array; 13. Acquisition device; 14. 3D display device; 15. Virtual image of the object

[0045] 100. Metasurface grating; 110. First nanocolumn structure; 120. Second nanocolumn structure; 130. Third nanocolumn structure; 140. Intersection point

[0046] 210. Substrate; 220. First insulating layer; 230. Second insulating layer; 240. First electrode layer; 250. Liquid crystal layer; 260. Second electrode layer; 270. Color filter substrate Detailed implementation manners

[0047] Example embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the example embodiments can be implemented in various forms and should not be construed as limited to the examples set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the concept of the example embodiments to those skilled in the art.

[0048] In addition, the described features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments. In the following description, numerous specific details are provided to give a thorough understanding of the embodiments of the present disclosure. However, those skilled in the art will realize that the technical solutions of the present disclosure can be practiced without one or more of the specific details, or other methods, components, devices, steps, etc. may be used. In other cases, well-known methods, devices, implementations, or operations are not shown or described in detail to avoid obscuring aspects of the present disclosure. The block diagrams shown in the drawings are only functional entities and do not necessarily correspond to physically independent entities. That is, these functional entities can be implemented in software form, or in one or more hardware modules or integrated circuits, or in different networks and / or processor devices and / or microcontroller devices.

[0049] Although relative terms such as "upper" and "lower" are used in this specification to describe the relative relationship of one component of an icon to another component, these terms are used in this specification only for convenience, for example, according to the directions of the examples described in the accompanying drawings. It can be understood that if the device of the icon is turned upside down, the component described as "upper" will become the component described as "lower". When a structure is "on" another structure, it may mean that a structure is integrally formed on another structure, or that a structure is "directly" disposed on another structure, or that a structure is "indirectly" disposed on another structure through another structure.

[0050] The terms "a", "an", "the", and "at least one" are used to denote the presence of one or more elements / components / etc.; the terms "comprising" and "having" are used to mean an open inclusion and refer to the existence of additional elements / components / etc. in addition to the listed elements / components / etc.; the terms "first", "second", etc. are used only as labels and are not a limitation on the quantity of their objects.

[0051] Currently, based on the mechanisms and methods of autostereoscopic display implemented by parallax barrier, lenticular lens array, spatio-temporal multiplexing, integrated light field, etc., they all use optical elements with periodic micro-nano structures to perform phase modulation on the display light field and project different perspective image information in the form of approximately parallel light beams to different perspectives. Although free stereoscopic display technology has made great progress, autostereoscopic display technology has not yet successfully entered the flat panel display field. Display problems such as dizziness (vergence accommodation conflict), image crosstalk / ghosting, resolution degradation, etc., as well as device structure problems such as ultra-thinning and light utilization efficiency, need to be solved urgently.

[0052] However, for a conventional LCD to achieve an autostereoscopic 3D display effect and using liquid crystal as a convex lens, it is first necessary to fabricate a concave lens on a glass substrate, then align and drip liquid crystal to form a cell on the concave lens and the other glass substrate, and the liquid crystal deflects under the action of an external electric field to form a liquid crystal lens. This technical solution has a relatively complex manufacturing process, low compatibility with the LCD process, and requires a larger driving voltage.

[0053] In view of the above technical problems, the present disclosure provides a display panel, as Figures 1 to 14 shown, the display panel includes: a substrate 210, an insulating layer, a liquid crystal layer 250, a color filter substrate 270, a first electrode layer 240, and a second electrode layer 260. The insulating layer is disposed on one side of the substrate 210; the liquid crystal layer 250 is disposed on the side of the insulating layer away from the substrate 210; the color filter substrate 270 is disposed on the side of the liquid crystal layer 250 away from the insulating layer; the first electrode layer 240 is disposed between the insulating layer and the liquid crystal layer 250; the second electrode layer 260 is disposed between the liquid crystal layer 250 and the color filter substrate 270, or disposed between the substrate 210 and the insulating layer.

[0054] Among them, a metasurface grating 100 is formed on the surface of the insulating layer, the first electrode layer 240 or the second electrode layer 260 facing the light-emitting side of the display panel, and the metasurface grating 100 is located on the side of the liquid crystal layer 250 facing the light-emitting side; the display panel includes a plurality of pixel units, and the metasurface grating 100 is configured to focus the light beam of one pixel unit among two adjacent pixel units on the left-eye display area, and focus the light beam of the other pixel unit on the right-eye display area. Among them, when the human eye and the display panel are at a preset distance, the left-eye display area is the area of the light beam of the pixel unit that can be observed through the left eye, and the right-eye display area is the area of the light beam of the pixel unit that can be observed through the right eye.

[0055] In the display panel provided by the present disclosure, a metasurface grating 100 is formed on the surface of the insulating layer, the first electrode layer 240 or the second electrode layer 260 facing the light-emitting side of the display panel, and the metasurface grating 100 is located on the side of the liquid crystal layer 250 facing the light-emitting side. The metasurface grating 100 is configured to focus the light beam of one pixel unit among two adjacent pixel units on the left-eye display area, and focus the light beam of the other pixel unit on the right-eye display area. That is, based on the metasurface technology, the metasurface grating 100 is fabricated on the film layer in the pixel light-transmitting area of the LCD to form a metasurface lens array, realizing the regulation of the light field at the micro scale. By using the lens function of the metasurface grating 100 to reconstruct the viewing angle in the two-dimensional space, full parallax can be achieved, enabling the conventional LCD to achieve a naked-eye 3D display effect. At the same time, the metasurface grating 100 is formed on the film layer in the light-transmitting area of the LCD, and the formation of the metasurface grating 100 has high compatibility with the LCD process, and at the same time, the LCD that realizes the naked-eye 3D display effect has the advantages of ultra-thin, planarization, low loss, and easy integration. In addition, the metasurface grating 100 is formed on the light-emitting side of the liquid crystal layer 250, and the light emitted by the backlight first passes through the liquid crystal layer 250 and then passes through the metasurface grating 100, avoiding the influence of the liquid crystal birefringence effect on the focused light beam.

[0056] Specifically, as Figure 1 shown, when recording the physical object 11 of the image, the acquisition device 13 records different perspective images generated corresponding to each microlens unit through the plurality of microlens units of the lens array 12; when reproducing the image, the outgoing light rays of the multi-perspective image elements of the three-dimensional display device 14 are reproduced in front of the microlens array, and up to thousands of perspectives are reconstructed in the two-dimensional space through the method of the microlens array to achieve full parallax. Further, a three-dimensional image of a complete virtual object 15 is formed by the parallax existing in the horizontal and vertical directions, and motion parallax information is provided.

[0057] Specifically, the metasurface grating 100 is composed of densely arranged surface sub-wavelength structural units that act as resonant optical antennas. Light waves resonate in the metasurface grating 100, providing the ability to manipulate incident light waves. The metasurface grating 100 is not restricted by the traditional geometric optics theory and can manufacture ultra-thin, flat, and aberration-free optical devices on a smaller scale using simple processes, replacing bulky or difficult-to-manufacture traditional geometric optical devices. Through reasonable design of the surface sub-wavelength structure, the metasurface grating 100 can achieve the lens function.

[0058] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the metasurface grating 100 includes a plurality of nanorod structures. The pixel unit includes a red sub-pixel, a green sub-pixel, and a blue sub-pixel. The red sub-pixel, the green sub-pixel, and the blue sub-pixel each correspond to at least one nanorod structure respectively. The light beams of the red sub-pixel, the green sub-pixel, and the blue sub-pixel in one pixel unit are focused at the same position through the corresponding nanorod structures.

[0059] Among them, the nanorod structures corresponding to the red sub-pixel, the green sub-pixel, and the blue sub-pixel have different structures. Different nanorod structures correspond to different surface sub-wavelength structures.

[0060] Among them, as Figure 2 and Figure 3 shown, there are three types of nanorod structures, namely the first nanorod structure 110, the second nanorod structure 120, and the third nanorod structure 130. The first nanorod structure 110, the second nanorod structure 120, and the third nanorod structure 130 can respectively correspond to the red sub-pixel, the green sub-pixel, and the blue sub-pixel.

[0061] Among them, as Figure 2 and Figure 3 shown, the nanorod structure includes a first extension part and a second extension part, and the first extension part is perpendicular to the second extension part. The first nanorod structure 110 is cross-shaped and the intersection points 140 of the first extension part and the second extension part are all located at the central positions of the first extension part and the second extension part; the second nanorod structure 120 is cross-shaped and the intersection point 140 of the first extension part and the second extension part is located at the central position of the first extension part and the non-central position of the second extension part; the third nanorod structure 110 is T-shaped and the intersection point 140 is located on the first extension part.

[0062] Among them, in the LCD display panel of the present disclosure, the size of a single sub-pixel is, for example, 100μm - 300μm, the length and width of a single nanorod structure are 100nm - 500nm, the height is 100nm - 400nm, the rotation angle is 0° - 180°, and the intersection point 140 of the first extension part and the second extension part of the nanorod structure is also a structural variable. As Figures 4 to 7As shown, the length, width, height, rotation angle of the grating array, and the intersection points 140 of the nanorod structures can all be adjusted according to the designed phase surface distribution. Multiple degrees of freedom are used to simultaneously adjust the transmission phase and the geometric phase to match the focusing phase surface.

[0063] Specifically, the basic phase data of different nanorod structures are simulated through the nanostructure array, the optical parameters of the metasurface grating 100 are preset, the phases at different positions in the display area are obtained, different multiple nanorod structures are matched according to the phase distribution, and a metasurface nano-unit array is formed. The light intensity in the working area can be calculated by software, the light field tracing effect under multiple fields of view is simulated, and finally, the metasurface grating 100 is fabricated according to the number and positions of the selected partitions.

[0064] Specifically, the metasurface grating 100 of the present disclosure can be prepared using electron beam evaporation or electron beam lithography technology. The specific process manufacturing flow is, for example: First, an electron beam is used to spin-coat a resist on the base layer, then an electron beam lithography is used to fabricate the metasurface array pattern, and then a thin film is deposited on the pattern. At this time, the thin film is deposited not only on the resist but also on the base surface; then, after an ion etching treatment, a lift-off technique is used to obtain the metasurface grating 100 layer on the base layer.

[0065] As Figure 8 shown, the metasurface grating 100 can converge the light of the three primary colors of red (for example, the central wavelength is 632 nm), green (for example, the central wavelength is 532 nm), and blue (for example, the central wavelength is 473 nm) in the incident light to the same position B. One pixel unit of the corresponding LCD display device is composed of three sub-pixels of red (R), green (G), and blue (B). The nanorod arrays of different sub-pixels on the metasurface grating 100 are different, and the phase distributions corresponding to the red, green, and blue sub-pixels are respectively:

[0066]

[0067]

[0068]

[0069] Among them, (x a , y a ) is the coordinate of the red sub-pixel area, (x b , y b ) is the coordinate of the green sub-pixel area, (x c , y c ) is the coordinate of the blue sub-pixel area, is the phase mutation value corresponding to the red light wavelength at the coordinate of the red sub-pixel area, is the phase mutation value corresponding to the green light wavelength at the coordinate of the green sub-pixel area, is the phase mutation value corresponding to the blue light wavelength at the coordinates of the blue sub-pixel region, f 0 is the focal length of the metasurface grating 100. λ R is the wavelength of the red light, λ G is the wavelength of the green light, λ B is the wavelength of the blue light. The phase of the metasurface grating 100 is adjusted so that the transmitted light beam is focused in the front, making the light beam of one pixel unit focus on the left-eye display area and the light beam of the other pixel unit focus on the right-eye display area among two adjacent pixel units, realizing the naked-eye 3D display effect.

[0070] In an disclosed embodiment, as Figures 9 to 14 shown, the insulating layer includes: a first insulating layer 220 and a second insulating layer 230. The first insulating layer 220 is located between the first electrode layer 240 and the substrate 210, and the second insulating layer 230 is disposed between the first insulating layer 220 and the first electrode layer 240; wherein, when the metasurface grating 100 is formed on the surface of the insulating layer facing the light-emitting side of the display panel, the metasurface grating 100 is formed on the surface of the first insulating layer 220 or the second insulating layer 230 facing the light-emitting side of the display panel.

[0071] Among them, the first insulating layer 220 can be a gate insulating layer (GI), and the second insulating layer 230 can be a passivation layer (PVX). The materials of the gate insulating layer and the passivation layer can be the same or different. For example, the materials of the gate insulating layer and the passivation layer can be silicon nitride.

[0072] In the first disclosed embodiment, as Figure 9 shown, when the LCD adopts the TN / VA display mode and the color filter substrate 270 is set upward (close to the human eye side), the metasurface grating 100 is formed on the second electrode layer 260. The light wave emitted by the backlight source sequentially passes through the substrate 210, the first insulating layer 220, the second insulating layer 230, the first electrode layer 240, the liquid crystal layer 250, then passes through the second electrode layer 260 and the metasurface grating 100 formed on the second electrode layer 260, and passes through the color resist layer on the color filter substrate 270, finally making the light beam of the pixel unit form a left-eye display area and a right-eye display area on the light-emitting side, causing different parallax for the left and right eyes of a person, and realizing the naked-eye three-dimensional display effect by using the binocular parallax principle.

[0073] In the second disclosed embodiment, as Figure 10As shown, when the LCD adopts the TN / VA display mode and the color filter substrate 270 is arranged downward (close to the backlight side), the metasurface grating 100 is formed on the second insulating layer 230. The light wave emitted by the backlight source sequentially passes through the color filter substrate 270, the second electrode layer 260, the liquid crystal layer 250, the first electrode layer 240, and then passes through the second insulating layer 230 and the metasurface grating 100 formed on the second insulating layer 230, passes through the first insulating layer 220 and the substrate 210, and finally makes the light beam of the pixel unit form a left-eye display area and a right-eye display area on the light-emitting side, causing different parallax for the left and right eyes of a person, and using the binocular parallax principle to achieve the naked-eye 3D display effect.

[0074] In the disclosure of the third embodiment, as Figure 11 shown, when the LCD adopts the TN / VA display mode and the color filter substrate 270 is arranged downward (close to the backlight side), the metasurface grating 100 is formed on the first insulating layer 220. The light wave emitted by the backlight source sequentially passes through the color filter substrate 270, the second electrode layer 260, the liquid crystal layer 250, the first electrode layer 240, the second insulating layer 230, and then passes through the first insulating layer 220 and the metasurface grating 100 formed on the first insulating layer 220, passes through the substrate 210, and finally makes the light beam of the pixel unit form a left-eye display area and a right-eye display area on the light-emitting side, causing different parallax for the left and right eyes of a person, and using the binocular parallax principle to achieve the naked-eye 3D display effect.

[0075] In the disclosure of the fourth embodiment, as Figure 12 shown, when the LCD adopts the ADS / IPS display mode and the color filter substrate 270 is arranged downward (close to the backlight side), the metasurface grating 100 is formed on the second insulating layer 230. The light wave emitted by the backlight source sequentially passes through the color filter substrate 270, the liquid crystal layer 250, the first electrode layer 240, and then passes through the second insulating layer 230 and the metasurface grating 100 formed on its film layer, passes through the first insulating layer 220, the second electrode layer 260 and the substrate 210, and finally makes the light beam of the pixel unit form a left-eye display area and a right-eye display area on the light-emitting side, causing different parallax for the left and right eyes of a person, and using the binocular parallax principle to achieve the naked-eye 3D display effect.

[0076] In the disclosure of the fifth embodiment, as Figure 13As shown, when the LCD adopts the ADS / IPS display mode and the color filter substrate 270 is arranged downward (close to the backlight side), the metasurface grating 100 is formed on the first insulating layer 220. The light wave emitted by the backlight source sequentially passes through the color filter substrate 270, the liquid crystal layer 250, the first electrode layer 240, the second insulating layer 230, and then passes through the first insulating layer 220 and the metasurface grating 100 formed on its film layer, passes through the second electrode layer 260 and the substrate 210, and finally makes the light beam of the pixel unit form a left-eye display area and a right-eye display area on the light-emitting side, causing different parallaxes in the left and right eyes of a person. Using the binocular parallax principle, a naked-eye 3D display effect is achieved.

[0077] In the disclosure of the sixth embodiment, as Figure 14 shown, when the LCD adopts the ADS / IPS display mode and the color filter substrate 270 is arranged downward (close to the backlight side), the metasurface grating 100 is formed on the second electrode layer 260. The light wave emitted by the backlight source sequentially passes through the color filter substrate 270, the liquid crystal layer 250, the first electrode layer 240, the second insulating layer 230, the first insulating layer 220, and then passes through the second electrode layer 260 and the metasurface grating 100 formed on its film layer, passes through the substrate 210, and finally makes the light beam of the pixel unit form a left-eye display area and a right-eye display area on the light-emitting side, causing different parallaxes in the left and right eyes of a person. Using the binocular parallax principle, a naked-eye 3D display effect is achieved.

[0078] Among them, in the above embodiments, the first electrode layer 240 can be a pixel electrode layer, and the second electrode layer 260 can be a common electrode layer. Among them, the first electrode layer 240 and the second electrode layer 260 can be ITO layers.

[0079] Embodiments of the present disclosure further provide a display device, which includes the display panel provided in the above embodiments. The display device can be, for example, a device with a display function such as a mobile phone, a tablet computer, an advertising screen, a vehicle-mounted display screen, etc., and the present disclosure does not list them one by one here. In the display device provided by the present disclosure, a metasurface grating 100 is formed on the surface of the insulating layer, the first electrode layer 240 or the second electrode layer 260 of the display panel facing the light-emitting side of the display panel, and the metasurface grating 100 is located on the side of the liquid crystal layer 250 facing the light-emitting side. The metasurface grating 100 is configured to focus the light beam of one pixel unit in two adjacent pixel units on the left-eye display area, and focus the light beam of the other pixel unit on the right-eye display area. That is, based on the metasurface technology, the metasurface grating 100 is fabricated on the film layer in the pixel light-transmitting area of the LCD to form a superlens array, realizing the regulation of the light field at the micro scale. By using the lens function of the metasurface grating 100 to reconstruct the viewing angle in the two-dimensional space, full parallax can be achieved, enabling the conventional LCD to achieve a naked-eye 3D display effect. At the same time, the metasurface grating 100 is formed on the film layer in the light-transmitting area of the LCD, and the formation of the metasurface grating 100 has high compatibility with the LCD process, and at the same time, the LCD achieving the naked-eye 3D display effect has the advantages of ultra-thin, planarization, low loss, and easy integration. In addition, the metasurface grating 100 is formed on the light-emitting side of the liquid crystal layer 250, and the light emitted by the backlight source first passes through the liquid crystal layer 250 and then passes through the metasurface grating 100, avoiding the influence of the liquid crystal birefringence effect on the focused light beam. For other more beneficial effects of the display device, refer to the discussion in the above embodiments of the display panel, and details are not described herein again.

[0080] After considering the specification and practicing the invention disclosed herein, those skilled in the art will readily conceive of other embodiments of the present disclosure. The present disclosure is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the present disclosure, which follow the general principles of the present disclosure and include common general knowledge or conventional technical means in the technical field not disclosed in the present disclosure. The specification and embodiments are only regarded as exemplary, and the true scope and spirit of the present disclosure are pointed out by the following claims.

[0081] It should be understood that the present disclosure is not limited to the exact structures described above and shown in the drawings, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from its scope. The scope of the present disclosure is only limited by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A display panel, It is characterized in that include: substrate substrate; An insulating layer, the insulating layer being disposed on one side of the base substrate; A liquid crystal layer, the liquid crystal layer being disposed on a side of the insulating layer away from the base substrate; A color film substrate, the color film substrate being arranged on a side of the liquid crystal layer away from the insulating layer; a first electrode layer, the first electrode layer being disposed between the insulating layer and the liquid crystal layer; A second electrode layer, wherein the second electrode layer is disposed between the liquid crystal layer and the color filter substrate, or between the base substrate and the insulating layer; A metasurface grating is formed on a surface of the insulating layer, the first electrode layer or the second electrode layer facing the light-emitting side of the display panel, and the metasurface grating is located on a side of the liquid crystal layer facing the light-emitting side; the display panel includes a plurality of pixel units, and the metasurface grating is configured to focus a light beam of one of two adjacent pixel units on a left-eye display area, and to focus a light beam of the other pixel unit on a right-eye display area; The metasurface grating includes a plurality of nanocolumn structures, the plurality of nanocolumn structures include a first nanocolumn structure, a second nanocolumn structure, and a third nanocolumn structure, the pixel unit includes a red sub-pixel, a green sub-pixel, and a blue sub-pixel, the first nanocolumn structure, the second nanocolumn structure, and the third nanocolumn structure correspond to the red sub-pixel, the green sub-pixel, and the blue sub-pixel, respectively, and the light beams of the red sub-pixel, the green sub-pixel, and the blue sub-pixel in one pixel unit are focused at the same position through the corresponding nanocolumn structures; Among them, the nanocolumn structure includes a first extension portion and a second extension portion, the first extension portion is perpendicular to the second extension portion; the first nanocolumn structure is cross-shaped and the intersection points of the first extension portion and the second extension portion are both located at the center position of the first extension portion and the second extension portion; the second nanocolumn structure is cross-shaped and the intersection point of the first extension portion and the second extension portion is located at the center position of the first extension portion and the non-center position of the second extension portion; the third nanocolumn structure is T-shaped, and the intersection point is located on the first extension portion.

2. The display panel according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The insulating layer comprises: A first insulating layer, wherein the first insulating layer is located between the first electrode layer and the base substrate; a second insulating layer, the second insulating layer being disposed between the first insulating layer and the first electrode layer; Wherein, when a metasurface grating is formed on the surface of the insulating layer facing the light emitting side of the display panel, the metasurface grating is formed on the surface of the first insulating layer or the second insulating layer facing the light emitting side of the display panel.

3. The display panel according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The side of the color filter substrate away from the liquid crystal layer is the light emitting side, the second electrode layer is arranged between the liquid crystal layer and the color filter substrate, and the supersurface grating is formed on the surface of the second electrode layer away from the liquid crystal layer.

4. The display panel according to claim 1, wherein, a side of the substrate facing away from the liquid crystal layer is a light-emitting side, and the second electrode layer is disposed between the substrate and the insulating layer, and the metasurface grating is formed on a surface of the insulating layer, the first electrode layer or the second electrode layer facing the substrate.

5. The display panel according to claim 1, wherein, a side of the substrate facing away from the liquid crystal layer is a light-emitting side, and the second electrode layer is disposed between the liquid crystal layer and the color filter substrate, and the metasurface grating is formed on a surface of the insulating layer or the first electrode layer facing the substrate.

6. The display panel according to claim 1, wherein, the length and width of the nanorod structure are 100 nm to 500 nm, the height is 100 nm to 400 nm, and the rotation angle is 0° to 180°.

7. A display device, wherein, it includes the display panel according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

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