A fertilization method for reducing the amount of chemical fertilizer and increasing the efficiency of fertilizer in wheat field based on green manure wheat rotation

Abstract

The present application relates to the field of agricultural planting technology, and more particularly to a wheat field fertilizer reduction and efficiency increasing method based on green manure wheat rotation, which specifically comprises the following steps: (1) after wheat harvesting, the wheat straw is returned to the field, a straw degradation agent is sprayed, water is irrigated after rotary tillage, and then green manure is planted; (2) after the green manure is harvested, the root and stem part of the green manure is turned under and the aboveground part is composted; (3) before planting the second crop of wheat, the compost obtained in step (2) is applied as base fertilizer for wheat; and (4) topdressing is performed at the jointing stage of wheat. The present application returns all the straw to the field for composting treatment, and ferments the green manure into organic fertilizer, thereby reducing the application of chemical fertilizer and having obvious yield increasing effect on crops.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural planting technology, and in particular to a fertilization method for reducing fertilizer use and increasing efficiency in wheat fields based on green manure-wheat rotation. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, long-term continuous farming has led to the gradual depletion of soil nutrients. Driven by the goal of high yields, the decline in basic soil fertility will significantly increase the amount of chemical fertilizers used. This directly results in soil compaction, poor aggregate structure, decreased fertility, and deterioration of physical and chemical properties. It can even lead to secondary soil salinization, increased pests and diseases, and water pollution. Because organic fertilizers have advantages such as improving soil, increasing crop resistance to pests and diseases, and being environmentally friendly, the demand for organic fertilizers has increased dramatically.

[0003] Straw contains abundant nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and various medium and micronutrients, making it an important renewable organic fertilizer resource. Studies have shown that returning straw to the field can enrich the soil, maintain and improve soil fertility, promote crop growth and development, and increase yield. Currently, the rational utilization rate of straw resources is low, with only 20%–36% used as feed and fertilizer, while the proportion of straw burned or discarded is as high as 45%–60%. The serious problem of crop straw burning not only wastes organic fertilizer resources but also causes environmental pollution.

[0004] Green manure refers to green plant matter used as fertilizer. Leguminous green manure, in particular, lives in symbiosis with rhizobia, fixing atmospheric nitrogen to provide itself with nitrogen nutrition and improving soil fertility. It is a comprehensive biological fertilizer source. Planting green manure is not only an effective way to increase organic fertilizer sources, but also has a significant effect on soil improvement. However, to fully realize the yield-increasing effect of green manure, it must be applied rationally. Green manure can provide rich nutrients to the soil. The tender stems and leaves of various green manures contain abundant nutrients. Once decomposed in the soil, they can significantly increase the organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, and various trace elements in the soil.

[0005] In existing technologies, most methods involve directly plowing green manure back into the field. However, the alcohol-soluble substances in the above-ground parts of green manure can affect its fertilizer efficiency. Therefore, the fertilizer effect of directly plowing green manure back into the field cannot be fully realized.

[0006] Therefore, how to provide a comprehensive utilization method for straw and green manure to solve the technical problems of straw treatment difficulties and the inability of direct mulching of green manure to fully exert its effects in the existing technology is a problem that urgently needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide a fertilization method for reducing chemical fertilizer use and increasing efficiency in wheat fields based on wheat green manure rotation. This invention involves returning all straw to the field for composting and fermenting green manure into organic fertilizer, which reduces the use of chemical fertilizers while significantly increasing crop yields.

[0008] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0009] This invention provides a method for reducing fertilizer use and increasing efficiency in wheat fields based on wheat green manure rotation, comprising the following steps:

[0010] (1) After the wheat harvest, the wheat straw is returned to the field, straw degradation agent is sprayed, rotary tillage is followed by irrigation to decompose the straw, and then green manure is planted.

[0011] (2) After the green manure is harvested, the green manure stubble is turned back into the field and the above-ground parts are composted.

[0012] (3) Before planting the second crop of wheat, apply the compost obtained in step (2) as the base fertilizer for wheat.

[0013] (4) Apply topdressing fertilizer during the wheat jointing stage.

[0014] Preferably, the straw degrading agent in step (1) includes: *Acer brevicornu*, *Bacillus megaterium*, *Trichoderma harzianum*, *Thermophilic mold*, *Pseudomonas fluorescens*, *Azotobacter chrysogenum*, and *Sphingolipidus*, in a mass ratio of 10–14:8–12:4–10:5–9:7–11:3–7:5–9.

[0015] Preferably, the bacterial counts of *Amanita muscaria*, *Bacillus megaterium*, *Trichoderma harzianum*, thermophilic molds, *Pseudomonas fluorescens*, *Azotobacter chrysogenum*, and *Sphingolipidus* are all 6 to 1 billion / g.

[0016] Preferably, the green manure variety in step (1) is hairy vetch; the sowing amount of the green manure is 5-10 kg / mu.

[0017] Preferably, the composting method in step (2) is as follows: mix the above-ground green manure, compound bacterial liquid, waste bacterial residue, tea bran and humic acid and ferment for 10 to 16 days.

[0018] Preferably, the compound bacterial solution comprises: diazonium fibrillum, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, Enterococcus faecalis, Monascus purpureus, and Trichoderma kangaroo, in a mass ratio of 12–16:11–15:8–12:7–11:5–9:4–8.

[0019] Preferably, the bacterial counts of the diazonium cellulose, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, Enterococcus faecalis, Monascus purpureus, and Trichoderma kangaroo are all 500 million to 900 million / g.

[0020] Preferably, the mass ratio of the above-ground parts of the green manure, the compound bacterial solution, the waste bacterial residue, the tea bran, and the humic acid is 80-100:4-6:20-40:10-14:10-14.

[0021] Preferably, in step (4), 16-20 kg of urea is applied per mu during the tillering stage.

[0022] Preferably, the composting time in step (1) is 7 to 11 days.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] 1. This invention first uses a straw degradation agent to accelerate the degradation of wheat stubble and straw, and then plants green manure, so that the decomposed straw can be used as fertilizer for green manure. In this way, no additional fertilizer needs to be applied during the growth of green manure, thus reducing the use of chemical fertilizers.

[0025] 2. In this invention, after green manure harvest, the stubble is plowed back into the field, and the above-ground parts are composted. The composted above-ground parts can be used as base fertilizer for the subsequent wheat crop, further reducing the application of chemical fertilizers. Using this method, nitrogen fertilizer is only needed during wheat topdressing, significantly reducing the amount of chemical fertilizer used. Furthermore, data from experimental examples show that this fertilization method effectively reduces chemical fertilizer use while significantly increasing wheat yield.

[0026] 3. The compound microbial agent used in this invention can effectively decompose substances such as cellulose and lignin in green manure, breaking down large molecules into smaller molecules. In particular, it can degrade alcohol-soluble substances in green manure, allowing the green manure to fully exert its function. The composted green manure can be directly used as a base fertilizer for wheat, replacing the use of chemical fertilizers.

[0027] 4. The straw degrading agent of this invention contains a large number of straw-degrading microorganisms. These microorganisms secrete enzymes with complementary and synergistic effects during the degradation process, resulting in more complete straw degradation. *Amanita muscaria* can efficiently decompose lignin, while simultaneously degrading cellulose and hemicellulose. *Sphingolipids* can degrade harmful substances remaining in straw or soil, such as pesticides, thus purifying the soil; *Azotobacter chrysogenum* increases the number of nitrogen-fixing bacteria in the soil, enhancing its nitrogen-fixing capacity. The combined use of these various microbial species achieves the goal of fully degrading straw.

[0028] 5. The fertilization method provided by this invention accelerates the degradation and return of straw to the field, ferments green manure into organic fertilizer, promotes the release of nutrients from straw and green manure, improves the soil, enhances soil fertility, and significantly increases crop yield while reducing the use of chemical fertilizers. Detailed Implementation

[0029] This invention provides a fertilization method for reducing fertilizer use and increasing efficiency in wheat fields based on wheat-green manure rotation, comprising the following steps:

[0030] (1) After the wheat harvest, the wheat straw is returned to the field, straw degradation agent is sprayed, rotary tillage is followed by irrigation to decompose the straw, and then green manure is planted.

[0031] (2) After the green manure is harvested, the green manure stubble is turned back into the field and the above-ground part of the green manure is composted.

[0032] (3) Before planting the second crop of wheat, apply the compost obtained in step (2) as the base fertilizer for wheat.

[0033] (4) Apply topdressing fertilizer during the wheat jointing stage.

[0034] In this invention, the straw degrading agent in step (1) includes: *Amanita muscaria*, *Bacillus megaterium*, *Trichoderma harzianum*, *Thermophilic mold*, *Pseudomonas fluorescens*, *Azotobacter chrysogenum*, and *Sphingolipidus*, in a mass ratio of 10–14:8–12:4–10:5–9:7–11:3–7:5–9; preferably 11–13:9–11:5–9:6–8:8–10:4–6:6–8; further preferably 12:10:6–8:7:9:5:7; and more preferably 12:10:7:7:9:5:7.

[0035] In this invention, the bacterial counts of *Amanita muscaria*, *Bacillus megaterium*, *Trichoderma harzianum*, thermophilic molds, *Pseudomonas fluorescens*, *Azotobacter chrysogenum*, and *Sphingolipidus* are all 6 to 1 billion / g; preferably 7 to 9 billion / g; and more preferably 8 billion / g.

[0036] In this invention, the green manure variety mentioned in step (1) is hairy vetch.

[0037] In this invention, the amount of green manure sown in step (1) is 5-10 kg / mu; preferably 10 kg / mu.

[0038] In this invention, the composting method in step (2) is as follows: the above-ground green manure, compound bacterial liquid, waste bacterial residue, tea bran and humic acid are mixed and fermented for 10 to 16 days; preferably 11 to 15 days; more preferably 12 to 14 days; and more preferably 13 days.

[0039] In this invention, the compound bacterial solution comprises: *Cellulosum diazoxide*, *Bacillus subtilis*, *Bacillus licheniformis*, *Enterococcus faecalis*, *Monascus purpureus*, and *Trichoderma kangariosum*, in a mass ratio of 12–16:11–15:8–12:7–11:5–9:4–8; preferably 13–15:12–14:9–11:8–10:6–8:5–7; and more preferably 14:13:10:9:7:6.

[0040] In this invention, the bacterial counts of *Cellulosum diazoxide*, *Bacillus subtilis*, *Bacillus licheniformis*, *Enterococcus faecalis*, *Monascus purpureus*, and *Trichoderma kangaroo* are all 500 million to 900 million / g; preferably 600 million to 800 million / g; and more preferably 700 million / g.

[0041] In this invention, the mass ratio of the above-ground green manure, compound bacterial solution, waste bacterial residue, tea bran, and humic acid is 80-100:4-6:20-40:10-14:10-1; preferably 84-96:5:24-36:11-13:11-13; further preferably 88-92:5:28-32:12:12; and even more preferably 90:5:30:12:12.

[0042] In this invention, the application of urea at the jointing stage in step (4) is 16-20 kg per mu; preferably 17-19 kg; and more preferably 18 kg.

[0043] In this invention, the composting time in step (1) is 7 to 11 days; preferably 8 to 10 days; and more preferably 9 days.

[0044] The technical solutions provided by the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0045] Example 1

[0046] A fertilization method for reducing fertilizer use and increasing efficiency in wheat fields based on green manure-wheat rotation, comprising the following steps:

[0047] (1) Mix *Pterocarya stearata*, *Bacillus megaterium*, *Trichoderma harzianum*, *Thermophilic mold*, *Pseudomonas fluorescens*, *Azotobacter chrysogenum*, *Sphingolipidus* and water in a mass ratio of 10:8:4:5:7:3:5:300 to obtain a straw degradation agent.

[0048] Among them, the bacterial counts of *Amanita muscaria*, *Bacillus megaterium*, *Trichoderma harzianum*, thermophilic molds, *Pseudomonas fluorescens*, *Azotobacter chrysogenum*, and *Sphingolipidus* were all 600 million / g.

[0049] (2) Mix diazonium, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, Enterococcus faecalis, Monascus purpureus and Trichoderma kangaroo in a mass ratio of 12:11:8:7:5:4 to obtain a compound bacterial solution.

[0050] The bacterial counts of *Cellulosum diazonium*, *Bacillus subtilis*, *Bacillus licheniformis*, *Enterococcus faecalis*, *Monascus purpureus*, and *Trichoderma koningii* were all 500 million / g.

[0051] (3) After the wheat harvest, return the wheat straw to the field, spray 8 kg / mu of straw degradation agent, rotary tillage after spraying, and then irrigate to decompose the straw for 7 days.

[0052] (4) After the composting is complete, plant green manure vetch with a total sowing amount of 5 kg / mu.

[0053] (5) Harvest green manure during the peak flowering period. After harvesting the green manure, turn the stubble of the green manure back into the field.

[0054] (6) The above-ground parts of the green manure after harvesting are composted. The composting method is as follows: mix the above-ground parts of the green manure, compound bacterial liquid, waste bacterial residue, tea bran and humic acid in a mass ratio of 80:4:20:10:10, adjust the moisture content of the material to 45%, ferment at room temperature for 10 days, and turn the pile over every 3 days to obtain compost.

[0055] (7) Before planting the second crop of wheat, apply the compost obtained in step (2) as base fertilizer for wheat; the amount of base fertilizer applied is 400 kg / mu.

[0056] (8) Apply topdressing fertilizer during the wheat jointing stage, using 20 kg of urea per mu.

[0057] Example 2

[0058] A fertilization method for reducing fertilizer use and increasing efficiency in wheat fields based on green manure-wheat rotation, comprising the following steps:

[0059] (1) Mix *Porphyromonas sclerotiorum*, *Bacillus megaterium*, *Trichoderma harzianum*, *Thermophilic mold*, *Pseudomonas fluorescens*, *Azotobacter chrysogenum*, *Sphingolipidus* and water in a mass ratio of 14:12:10:9:11:7:9:400 to obtain a straw degradation agent.

[0060] Among them, the bacterial counts of *Amanita muscaria*, *Bacillus megaterium*, *Trichoderma harzianum*, *Thermophilic mold*, *Pseudomonas fluorescens*, *Azotobacter chrysogenum*, and *Sphingolipidus* were all 1 billion / g.

[0061] (2) Mix diazonium, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, Enterococcus faecalis, Monascus purpureus and Trichoderma kangaroo in a mass ratio of 16:15:12:11:9:8 to obtain a compound bacterial solution.

[0062] The bacterial counts of *Dinosporium filamentosa*, *Bacillus subtilis*, *Bacillus licheniformis*, *Enterococcus faecalis*, *Monascus purpureus*, and *Trichoderma koningii* were all 900 million / g.

[0063] (3) After the wheat harvest, return the wheat straw to the field, spray 12 kg / mu of straw degradation agent, rotary tillage after spraying, and then irrigate to decompose the straw for 11 days.

[0064] (4) After the decomposition is complete, plant green manure vetch with a seeding rate of 7 kg / mu.

[0065] (5) Harvest green manure during its peak flowering period and return the green manure stubble to the field;

[0066] (6) The above-ground parts of the green manure after harvesting are composted. The composting method is as follows: mix the above-ground parts of the green manure, compound bacterial liquid, waste bacterial residue, tea bran and humic acid in a mass ratio of 100:6:40:14:14, adjust the moisture content of the material to 55%, ferment at room temperature for 16 days, and turn the pile over every 5 days to obtain compost.

[0067] (7) Before planting the second crop of wheat, apply the compost obtained in step (2) as base fertilizer for wheat; the amount of base fertilizer applied is 500 kg / mu.

[0068] (8) Apply topdressing fertilizer during the wheat jointing stage, using 18 kg of urea per mu.

[0069] Example 3

[0070] A fertilization method for reducing fertilizer use and increasing efficiency in wheat fields based on green manure-wheat rotation, comprising the following steps:

[0071] (1) Mix *Pterocarya stearata*, *Bacillus megaterium*, *Trichoderma harzianum*, *Thermophilic mold*, *Pseudomonas fluorescens*, *Azotobacter chrysogenum*, *Sphingolipidus* and water in a mass ratio of 12:10:7:7:9:5:7:350 to obtain a straw degradation agent.

[0072] Among them, the bacterial counts of *Amanita muscaria*, *Bacillus megaterium*, *Trichoderma harzianum*, *Thermophilic mold*, *Pseudomonas fluorescens*, *Azotobacter chrysogenum*, and *Sphingolipidus* were all 800 million / g.

[0073] (2) Mix diazonium, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, Enterococcus faecalis, Monascus purpureus and Trichoderma kangaroo in a mass ratio of 14:13:10:9:7:6 to obtain a compound bacterial solution.

[0074] The bacterial counts of *Cellulosum diazonium*, *Bacillus subtilis*, *Bacillus licheniformis*, *Enterococcus faecalis*, *Monascus purpureus*, and *Trichoderma koningii* were all 700 million / g.

[0075] (3) After the wheat harvest, return the wheat straw to the field, spray 10 kg / mu of straw degradation agent, rotary tillage after spraying, and then irrigate to decompose the straw for 9 days.

[0076] (4) After the decomposition is complete, plant green manure vetch with a seeding rate of 10 kg / mu.

[0077] (5) Harvest green manure during the peak flowering period. After harvesting the green manure, turn the stubble of the green manure back into the field.

[0078] (6) The above-ground parts of the green manure after harvesting are composted. The composting method is as follows: mix the above-ground parts of the green manure, compound bacterial liquid, waste bacterial residue, tea bran and humic acid in a mass ratio of 90:5:30:12:12, adjust the moisture content of the material to 50%, ferment at room temperature for 13 days, and turn the pile over once every 4 days to obtain compost.

[0079] (7) Before planting the second crop of wheat, apply the compost obtained in step (2) as base fertilizer for wheat; the amount of base fertilizer applied is 600 kg / mu.

[0080] (8) Apply topdressing fertilizer during the wheat jointing stage, using 16 kg of urea per mu.

[0081] Experimental Example 1

[0082] Comparative experiment:

[0083] A plot of land was selected for planting Yongliang No. 4 wheat. The experimental plot was divided into 30 equal areas, and three plots were randomly selected for each experimental group. The basic physicochemical properties of the soil in the experimental plot were as follows: active organic matter content 1.13%, water-stable aggregate content 7.2%.

[0084] The method of Example 3 was used as the experimental group;

[0085] Meanwhile, control groups 1 to 4 were set up to investigate the effects of straw degradation agent use on green manure yield, soil physicochemical properties, and crop yield.

[0086] Control group 1: The other methods are the same as in Example 3, except that: after wheat harvest, the straw is not returned to the field, no straw degradation agent is added, and green manure is planted directly;

[0087] Control group 2: The other methods are the same as in Example 3, except that no straw degradation agent is added;

[0088] Control group 3: The other methods are the same as in Example 3, except that the straw degrading agent is replaced with an existing straw degrading agent product and used according to the instructions (straw composting agent produced by Shandong Weiduofeng Biotechnology Co., Ltd., product number 201902);

[0089] Control group 4: Other methods are the same as in Example 3, except that: no *Pterocarpus styracifolius* and *Sphingolipidus* are added to the straw degradation agent;

[0090] Meanwhile, a control group 5 was set up to examine the effects of green manure compost on soil physicochemical properties and crop yield.

[0091] Control group 5: The other methods are the same as in Example 3, except that the wheat base fertilizer is replaced with 50 kg of compound fertilizer (15-15-15) per mu;

[0092] Meanwhile, control groups 6 to 8 were set up to investigate the effects of the compound bacterial solution on soil physicochemical properties and crop yield.

[0093] Control group 6: The other methods are the same as in Example 3, except that the compound bacterial solution is replaced with an existing fermentation agent product;

[0094] Control group 7: Other methods are the same as in Example 3, except that different amounts of diazoxide-containing cholecystokinin and Enterococcus faecalis are added to the compound bacterial solution;

[0095] Control group 8: Other methods are the same as in Example 3, except that no compound bacterial solution is added during composting;

[0096] Existing technology group: Traditional wheat fertilization methods: Base fertilizer: 26 kg of compound fertilizer (18-46-0) per mu; Topdressing: 20 kg of urea per mu during the wheat jointing stage; Straw is not returned to the field and green manure is not planted.

[0097] After the green manure harvest, the green manure yield was counted. After the wheat harvest, the wheat yield and quality were counted, and the changes in soil physicochemical properties were measured. The average values ​​were taken, and the results are shown in Tables 1, 2 and 3.

[0098] Table 1. Statistical results of hairy vetch yield

[0099] Yield per mu (kg) experimental group 3646.3 Control group 1 2184.5 Control group 2 2367.4 Control group 3 2736.1 Control group 4 2638.5

[0100] As shown in Table 1, the experimental group yielded the highest green manure production. This is because the wheat straw was fully decomposed, providing ample nutrients for green manure growth. Data from control groups 1 through 4 indicate that directly planting green manure, allowing the straw to ferment naturally, or using other straw degradation agents significantly impacted green manure growth and consequently, its yield. The other control groups did not affect green manure growth; therefore, the yield of green manure in the other experimental groups was not investigated.

[0101] Table 2. Statistical results of wheat yield and quality

[0102] Yield per mu (kg) 1000-grain weight (g) experimental group 465.4 45.5 Control group 1 399.6 38.1 Control group 2 416.5 38.7 Control group 3 423.8 42.6 Control group 4 428.7 41.2 Control group 5 438.5 43.9 Control group 6 432.3 39.7 Control group 7 422.7 39.7 control group 8 418.6 39.4 Existing technology group 404.5 38.3

[0103] As shown in Table 2, the experimental group had the highest wheat yield and the highest thousand-grain weight, which were significantly higher than the traditional fertilization method.

[0104] The data from the control group show that the straw degradation method provided by this invention affects wheat yield. This is because only straw degradation has a certain soil-improving effect, increasing the content of organic matter in the soil. Traditional straw degradation agents have a long composting time and cannot fully degrade straw, thus affecting the straw degradation effect.

[0105] This invention uses green manure for composting and uses it as a base fertilizer for wheat, replacing the use of chemical fertilizers. This compost has good effects and long-lasting fertilizer effect. Therefore, it can reduce the use of nitrogen fertilizer when top-dressing wheat and will not have an adverse effect on wheat yield.

[0106] Table 3 Soil Physicochemical Properties Survey Table

[0107]

[0108]

[0109] As can be seen from the contents recorded in Table 3, the method of the present invention can not only effectively increase the yield of crops, but also improve the physical and chemical properties of the soil, increase the organic matter content and water-stable aggregate content in the soil. This is because returning straw to the field and fully decomposing it, as well as the rational use of green manure, increases the organic matter content in the soil and has an improving effect on the soil. In contrast, traditional fertilization methods do not have an improving effect on the physical and chemical properties of the soil.

[0110] As can be seen from the above description, the method in Example 3 only requires applying 16 kg of urea per mu (approximately 0.067 hectares) during the wheat jointing stage, meaning only 16 kg of chemical fertilizer is needed per mu annually. In contrast, traditional fertilization methods require 20 kg per mu for topdressing alone. This invention reduces the amount of chemical fertilizer used for wheat by 20% during the topdressing period. Furthermore, the base fertilizer used in this invention is compost, not compound fertilizer. No chemical fertilizer is applied after planting green manure. Therefore, the planting method provided by this invention significantly reduces the use of chemical fertilizers. Wheat straw returning to the field combined with replanting green manure and incorporating it into the soil promotes integrated crop-livestock farming and improves the soil environment, making it environmentally friendly.

[0111] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fertilization method for reducing fertilizer use and increasing efficiency in wheat fields based on green manure-wheat rotation, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: (1) After the wheat harvest, the wheat straw is returned to the field, straw degradation agent is sprayed, rotary tillage is followed by irrigation to decompose the straw, and then green manure is planted. (2) After the green manure is harvested, the green manure stubble is turned back into the field and the above-ground part of the green manure is composted. (3) Before planting the second crop of wheat, apply the compost obtained in step (2) as base fertilizer for wheat; (4) Apply topdressing fertilizer during the wheat jointing stage; The straw degrading agent in step (1) includes: *Pterocarya stearata*, *Bacillus megaterium*, *Trichoderma harzianum*, *Thermophilic mold*, *Pseudomonas fluorescens*, *Azotobacter chrysogenum*, and *Sphingolipidus*, in a mass ratio of 10~14:8~12:4~10:5~9:7~11:3~7:5~9; The green manure variety mentioned in step (1) is hairy vetch; the sowing amount of the green manure is 5~10 kg / mu; The composting method described in step (2) is as follows: mix the above-ground parts of green manure, compound bacterial liquid, waste bacterial residue, tea bran and humic acid and ferment for 10-16 days; The compound bacterial solution includes: diazonium cellulose, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, Enterococcus faecalis, Monascus purpureus and Trichoderma kangaroo, in a mass ratio of 12~16:11~15:8~12:7~11:5~9:4~8.

2. The fertilization method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bacterial counts of *Amanita muscaria*, *Bacillus megaterium*, *Trichoderma harzianum*, thermophilic molds, *Pseudomonas fluorescens*, *Azotobacter chrysogenum*, and *Sphingolipids* were all 6 to 1 billion / g.

3. The fertilization method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bacterial counts of *Cellulosum diazonium*, *Bacillus subtilis*, *Bacillus licheniformis*, *Enterococcus faecalis*, *Monascus purpureus*, and *Trichoderma kangaroo* were all 500 million to 900 million / g.

4. The fertilization method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mass ratio of the above-ground green manure, compound bacterial solution, waste bacterial residue, tea bran, and humic acid is 80~100:4~6:20~40:10~14:10~14.

5. The fertilization method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fermentation time in step (1) is 7 to 11 days.

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