A method for identifying the degree of dwarfing of peach rootstocks

Abstract

The application discloses a method for identifying the dwarf degree of peach rootstocks, and selects a peach rootstock standard variety, namely, Qingzhou honey, as the standard variety. The Qingzhou honey is grafted with a peach variety, 10 plants are planted in February every year, and a peach standard variety garden is established. In the third year after planting, after leaf fall in December, the plant height, inter-row crown diameter, intra-row crown type and bare trunk height of the plants are investigated. In the peach standard variety garden or a land adjacent to the peach standard variety garden, the same peach variety to be tested is planted, and in the third year after planting, after leaf fall in December, the plant height, inter-row crown diameter, intra-row crown diameter and bare trunk height of the plants are investigated. The plant height, inter-row crown diameter, intra-row crown diameter and bare trunk height of the to-be-tested variety and the standard variety are compared, and the dwarf degree of the to-be-tested variety is determined. The identification method can be used for determining the dwarf degree of the peach rootstock, and has the advantages of high accuracy, small error, small workload and high efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention discloses a method for identifying the degree of dwarfing in peach rootstocks, belonging to the field of fruit tree cultivation technology. Background Technology

[0002] The widespread use of dwarfing rootstocks has brought advantages to fruit tree production, such as earlier fruiting, better quality, easier management, and faster variety renewal, thus becoming a significant advantage for the fruit industry. Establishing a rapid propagation system for peach dwarfing rootstocks is of great importance in peach, plum, and apricot cultivation. However, for many years, the preliminary identification of dwarfing traits in fruit tree rootstocks has remained a challenge. Foreign studies have reported that dwarfed plants such as peas and corn have higher peroxidase activity than tall plants. Therefore, in recent years, some have proposed comparing the enzyme profiles of peroxidase isoenzymes as a biochemical indicator for identifying the degree of dwarfing in apple rootstocks, but this only used eight Dongmaolin M-series rootstocks for comparison. However, because the dwarfing mechanisms of rootstocks with different genetic backgrounds differ, the dwarfing mechanism of the M-series rootstocks is not applicable to rootstocks with other genetic backgrounds. Therefore, current methods have a certain degree of limitation. Other techniques have identified dwarfing genetic loci to pre-estimate the dwarfing characteristics of rootstocks, but these also face similar problems. Different genetic backgrounds lead to different dwarfing mechanisms. Tree dwarfing is a complex trait controlled by multiple genes. Therefore, the error is relatively large when using existing technology to identify the dwarfing characteristics of rootstocks.

[0003] Currently, there is no method to assess the dwarfing effect of peach rootstock. Therefore, this invention proposes a method for assessing the degree of dwarfing in peach rootstock. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the above shortcomings, the present invention provides a method for identifying the degree of dwarfing in peach rootstocks, which effectively solves the technical defects caused by the uncertainty that can only be carried out in the early stage of fruit tree rootstock breeding, and the need to finally determine the dwarfing effect after grafting in the later stage, which makes it impossible to predict the degree of dwarfing in advance.

[0005] This invention is achieved through the following technical means:

[0006] A method for identifying the degree of dwarfing in peach rootstock includes:

[0007] (1) Establishment of a standard orchard for dwarfing peach rootstock varieties:

[0008] Select standard peach rootstock varieties for grafting onto peach varieties, plant 10 trees every February to establish a standard peach variety garden, and regularly investigate and record the characteristics of the plants in different years.

[0009] (2) Planting of the peach rootstock to be tested:

[0010] In the standard peach variety garden of step (1) or adjacent plots, plant rootstocks of the same variety to be tested, and regularly investigate and record the plant characteristics of different years.

[0011] (3) Comparison:

[0012] The plant traits of the variety to be tested in step (2) are compared with the plant traits of the corresponding year in step (1) according to the formula to determine the degree of dwarfing of the standard variety of peach rootstock.

[0013] Further, the standard variety of peach rootstock in step (1) is Qingzhou Honey; the regular time is: the third year after planting, after leaf fall in December; the plant characteristics include: plant height, crown diameter between rows, crown shape within rows, and height of exposed trunk.

[0014] Further, the regular time mentioned in step (2) is: the third year after planting, after the leaves fall in December; the plant characteristics include: plant height, crown diameter between rows, crown shape within rows, and height of exposed trunk.

[0015] Furthermore, the formula in step (3) includes: dwarfing effect of peach rootstock, dwarfing coefficient of the tested variety, and dwarfing coefficient of the control variety.

[0016] Furthermore, the dwarfing effect of the peach rootstock = dwarfing coefficient of the tested variety / dwarfing coefficient of the control * 100%;

[0017] The dwarfing coefficient of the tested variety = crown diameter within the row of the tested variety * crown diameter between the rows of the tested variety * (tree height of the tested variety - height of the bare trunk of the tested variety)

[0018] The dwarfing coefficient of the control variety = the crown diameter within the row of the control variety * the crown diameter between the rows of the control variety * (tree height of the control variety - height of the bare trunk of the control variety).

[0019] Furthermore, the degree of dwarfing is determined according to the following criteria: 0.3 > dwarfing is extremely dwarfing; 0.3 ≤ dwarfing < 0.5 is dwarfing; 0.5 ≤ dwarfing < 0.7 is semi-dwarfing; 0.7 ≤ dwarfing < 0.9 is semi-adjustable; and 0.9 ≤ dwarfing is adjustable.

[0020] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0021] The identification method of this invention can be used to determine the dwarfing of peach rootstocks, with accurate results, small errors, low workload, and high efficiency. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The principles and features of the present invention are described below with reference to specific embodiments. The examples given are only for explaining the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0023] Example 1

[0024] 1. Establishment of a standard peach variety orchard

[0025] A standard variety garden for peach rootstocks will be established at the Qingdao Academy of Agricultural Sciences Experimental Garden in Jimo District, Qingdao City. The Qingdao area has a temperate monsoon climate with a distinct maritime influence, making it suitable for peach cultivation.

[0026] The standard peach rootstock variety was selected: Qingzhou Honey. Planting was completed in February 2014, establishing a standard peach rootstock variety garden. In December 2017, after leaf fall, plant height, crown diameter between rows, crown diameter within rows, and height of exposed trunk were recorded.

[0027] Table 1

[0028]

[0029] 2. Planting of the peach rootstock to be tested

[0030] The peach rootstock varieties to be tested were GF677, cherry plum, Gansu peach, Shaanxi-Gansu mountain peach, and Xinjiang peach.

[0031] In the adjacent plots of the peach standard variety orchard from Step 1, peach rootstocks of the varieties to be tested were planted. Plant height, inter-row crown diameter, intra-row crown diameter, and bare trunk height were measured starting in the third year after planting. Detailed results are shown in Table 2.

[0032] Table 2

[0033]

[0034] 3. Comparison

[0035] The dwarfing coefficients of the peach rootstock varieties tested in step 2 were compared with those of the standard peach rootstock varieties in step 1. A dwarfing coefficient greater than 0.3 was considered extremely dwarfed; 0.3 ≤ dwarfing < 0.5 was considered dwarfed; 0.5 ≤ dwarfing < 0.7 was considered semi-dwarfed; 0.7 ≤ dwarfing < 0.9 was considered semi-standard; and 0.9 ≤ dwarfing was considered standard. Detailed results are shown in Table 3.

[0036] Table 3

[0037]

[0038] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for identifying the degree of dwarfing in peach rootstock, comprising: (1) Establishment of a standard orchard for dwarfing peach rootstock varieties: Select the standard peach rootstock variety Qingzhou Honey and graft it onto a peach variety. Plant 10 trees every February to establish a standard peach variety garden. In the third year after planting, after the leaves fall in December, investigate and record the characteristics of the plants in different years. (2) Planting of the peach rootstock to be tested: In the standard peach variety garden of step (1) or adjacent plots, plant rootstocks of the same variety to be tested. In the third year after planting, after the leaves fall in December, investigate and record the characteristics of the plants in different years. (3) Comparison: The plant traits of the variety to be tested in step (2) are compared with the plant traits of the corresponding year in step (1) according to the formula to determine the degree of dwarfing of the peach rootstock to be tested; wherein: The formula in step (3) includes: dwarfing effect of peach rootstock, dwarfing coefficient of the tested variety, and dwarfing coefficient of the control variety; Dwarfing effect of peach rootstock = dwarfing coefficient of the tested variety / dwarfing coefficient of the control * 100%; Dwarfing coefficient of the tested variety = Crown diameter within the row of the tested variety * Crown diameter between the rows of the tested variety * (Tree height of the tested variety - Height of the bare trunk of the tested variety); Dwarfing coefficient of control variety = Crown diameter within row of control variety * Crown diameter between row of control variety * (Tree height of control variety - Height of bare trunk of control variety); The degree of dwarfing is determined according to the following criteria: 0.3> The degree of dwarfing is extremely dwarfing. A value of 0.3 ≤ dwarfing degree < 0.5 is considered dwarfing. A value between 0.5 and 0.7 indicates a semi-dwarfing effect; A dwarfing degree of 0.7 ≤ dwarfing and a degree of 0.9 indicates semi-standard growth. A dwarfing degree of 0.9 or less is considered tall.

2. The method for identifying the degree of dwarfing in peach rootstock according to claim 1, wherein: The plant traits described in step (1) include: plant height, crown diameter between rows, crown shape within rows, and height of exposed trunk.

3. The method for identifying the degree of dwarfing in peach rootstock according to claim 1, wherein: The plant traits described in step (2) include: plant height, crown diameter between rows, crown shape within rows, and height of exposed trunk.

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