A multi-stage fresh air pre-cooling device using rainwater evaporation and sky radiation

Abstract

A multi-stage fresh air pre-cooling device that utilizes rainwater evaporation and sky radiation belongs to the field of building fresh air energy conservation and rainwater collection and utilization. In order to solve the problem that most fresh air pre-cooling devices in existing buildings recover cold energy through heat exchange cores, the cold energy recovery capacity is limited, resulting in high refrigeration energy consumption of the fresh air unit, the present invention comprises a fresh air inlet assembly, an arc-shaped cover assembly, a fresh air first-level pre-cooling section assembly, an air collecting box, an air collecting pipe and two fresh air second-level pre-cooling section assemblies. Fresh air enters the fresh air inlet duct from the rear of the device, and then enters the fresh air pre-cooling pipe for first-level pre-cooling. After the first-level pre-cooling, the fresh air enters the air collecting box and then flows to the fresh air second-level channels in the left and right fresh air second-level pre-cooling section assemblies for fresh air second-level pre-cooling. After the second-level pre-cooling, the fresh air flows into the air collecting pipe and merges to supply pre-cooled fresh air to the building. This application mainly utilizes natural cold sources to provide a device with a certain amount of fresh air for the building fresh air unit.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of building fresh air energy saving and rainwater collection and utilization, and particularly relates to a multi-stage fresh air pre-cooling device utilizing rainwater evaporation and sky radiation. Background Art

[0002] To maintain internal air pressure balance and improve indoor air quality, introducing an appropriate amount of fresh air into buildings is a mandatory national requirement. In summer, traditional air conditioning systems cool high-temperature outdoor air to ambient indoor temperatures, consuming significant energy. Furthermore, as my country's building insulation continues to improve, the proportion of fresh air processing load in total building load is increasing year by year. Current fresh air pre-cooling systems, which mostly recover cooling energy through heat exchange cores, have limited cooling capacity.

[0003] Sky radiative cooling has been a research hotspot in recent years. This technology involves cooling objects on the Earth's surface by emitting infrared radiation into space through the "atmospheric window" wavelength band (primarily between 8 and 13 μm). In recent years, advances in nanophotonics and metamaterials have led to the rapid development of new spectrally selective radiative cooling materials. These materials exhibit high reflectivity in the solar radiation band and high emissivity in the "atmospheric window" wavelength band, enabling all-day radiative cooling. Literature reports indicate that sky radiative cooling currently has sufficient cooling capacity to condense fresh water from the atmosphere during the day, offering significant energy-saving potential. However, at night, the radiative cooling panels are much cooler, making condensation more likely to form and accumulate water. Furthermore, the accumulation of dust and debris obscures the radiating surface, causing a continuous decline in cooling capacity, impacting the radiative cooling effect and hindering the practical application of this technology.

[0004] Rainwater is a common natural water source, and many rainwater collection devices have been publicly disclosed, such as CN202210546008 and CN202011207648. However, rainwater collection and utilization devices are not common in real life. The main reasons are the following factors that limit the use of rainwater: 1. Due to the long process of collecting rainwater, there is a high risk of rainwater pollution due to dust, fallen leaves, microorganisms, etc., and the water quality cannot be guaranteed. 2. Although the method of improving water quality by discarding rainwater in the early stage can improve water quality, the operation is difficult, the time of discarding is difficult to grasp, and the economic cost of related equipment is high. 3. Small purification equipment that purifies rainwater into domestic water is expensive and not economical. It is very necessary to find new technical means to make full use of rainwater resources at a lower cost. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to solve the problem that most fresh air pre-cooling devices in existing buildings recover cold energy through heat exchange cores, the cold energy recovery capacity is limited, resulting in high refrigeration energy consumption of the fresh air units, and thus provide a multi-stage fresh air pre-cooling device that utilizes rainwater evaporation and sky radiation;

[0006] A multi-stage fresh air pre-cooling device that utilizes rainwater evaporation and sky radiation, the pre-cooling device comprising a fresh air inlet assembly, an arc-shaped cover assembly, a fresh air first-level pre-cooling section assembly, an air collecting box, an air collecting pipe and two fresh air second-level pre-cooling section assemblies, the fresh air inlet assembly is arranged on the air inlet end of the fresh air first-level pre-cooling section assembly, and the air outlet end of the fresh air inlet assembly is connected to the air inlet end of the fresh air first-level pre-cooling section assembly, the arc-shaped cover assembly is arranged on the top of the fresh air first-level pre-cooling section assembly, and the arc-shaped cover assembly is slidably connected to the fresh air first-level pre-cooling section assembly, and the two fresh air second-level pre-cooling section assemblies are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the fresh air first-level pre-cooling section assembly along the center line of the width direction of the fresh air first-level pre-cooling section assembly side, and one side of each fresh air secondary pre-cooling section component is fixedly connected to one side of the fresh air primary pre-cooling section component, the air collecting box is arranged on the air outlet end of the fresh air primary pre-cooling section component, and the air outlet end of the fresh air primary pre-cooling section component is connected with the air inlet of the air collecting box, the air collecting box is provided with two air outlets, each air outlet is connected with the air inlet end of a fresh air secondary pre-cooling section component accordingly, the air collecting pipe is arranged below the air inlet end of the fresh air primary pre-cooling section component, the air collecting pipe is provided with two air inlet ends and one air outlet end, and each air inlet end in the air collecting pipe is connected with the air outlet end of a fresh air secondary pre-cooling section component accordingly, and the air outlet end of the air collecting pipe is connected with the inlet end of the building supply air duct accordingly;

[0007] Furthermore, the fresh air inlet assembly includes a fresh air inlet duct and an electric composite louver, wherein the fresh air inlet duct is arranged on the air inlet end of the fresh air first-level pre-cooling section assembly, and the air outlet end of the fresh air inlet duct is connected to the air inlet end of the fresh air first-level pre-cooling section assembly, the electric composite louver is embedded in the air inlet end of the fresh air inlet duct, and the outer shell of the electric composite louver is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the air outlet end of the fresh air inlet duct;

[0008] Furthermore, the fresh air first-level pre-cooling section assembly includes a rear baffle, a left baffle, a front baffle, a right baffle, a bottom plate and N fresh air pre-cooling pipes, N is a positive integer, the rear baffle and the front baffle are relatively arranged at the two ends of the bottom plate along the center line of the length direction of the bottom plate, and the bottom of the rear baffle is fixedly connected to the top of one end of the bottom plate, the bottom of the front baffle is fixedly connected to the top of the other end of the bottom plate, the left baffle and the right baffle are relatively arranged on both sides of the bottom plate along the center line of the width direction of the bottom plate, the bottom of the left baffle is fixedly connected to the top of one side of the bottom plate, one end of the left baffle is fixedly connected to the inner side of the front baffle, the other end of the left baffle is fixedly connected to the inner side of the rear baffle, and the bottom of the right baffle is fixed to the top of the other side of the bottom plate Connection, one end of the right baffle is fixedly connected to the inner side of the front baffle, and the other end of the right baffle is fixedly connected to the inner side of the rear baffle, N fresh air pre-cooling pipes are evenly distributed between the rear baffle and the front baffle along the length extension direction of the bottom plate, and two adjacent fresh air pre-cooling pipes are arranged in parallel, the fresh air inlet duct is arranged on the outside of the front baffle, and the end wall of the air outlet end in the fresh air inlet duct is fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the front baffle, the air collecting box is arranged on the outside of the rear baffle, and the side wall where the air inlet of the air collecting box is located is fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the rear baffle, one end of each fresh air pre-cooling pipe passes through the front baffle and is connected to the fresh air inlet duct, and one end of each fresh air pre-cooling pipe passes through the rear baffle and is connected to the air inlet of the air collecting box;

[0009] The size of the left baffle is the same as that of the right baffle, and the size of the front baffle is the same as that of the rear baffle;

[0010] The upper portion of the outer side wall of the left baffle is evenly processed with a plurality of No. 1 water seepage holes, the plurality of No. 1 water seepage holes forming a No. 1 water seepage hole curtain, the length of which is the same as the length of the left baffle; the upper portion of the outer side wall of the right baffle is evenly processed with a plurality of No. 2 water seepage holes, the plurality of No. 2 water seepage holes forming a No. 2 water seepage hole curtain, the length of which is the same as the length of the right baffle;

[0011] Furthermore, a drainage hole is processed at the center of the bottom plate, and an electric drain valve is installed on the drainage hole;

[0012] Furthermore, the arc-shaped cover assembly includes an arc-shaped radiation cooling plate, a cover left baffle, a cover rear baffle, a cover right baffle and a cover front baffle, the cover rear baffle and the cover front baffle are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the arc-shaped radiation cooling plate along the center line of the length direction of the arc-shaped radiation cooling plate, and the top of the cover rear baffle is fixedly connected to the bottom of one end of the arc-shaped radiation cooling plate, and the top of the cover front baffle is fixedly connected to the bottom of the other end of the arc-shaped radiation cooling plate, the cover left baffle and the cover right baffle are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the arc-shaped radiation cooling plate along the center line of the width direction of the arc-shaped radiation cooling plate, and the top of the cover left baffle is fixedly connected to the bottom of one side of the arc-shaped radiation cooling plate, and the top of the cover right baffle is fixedly connected to the bottom of the other side of the arc-shaped radiation cooling plate;

[0013] The side wall of the left cover baffle is evenly processed with a plurality of No. 1 water permeable holes, and the plurality of No. 1 water permeable holes form a No. 1 water permeable hole curtain, and the length of the No. 1 water permeable hole curtain is the same as the length of the left cover baffle, and each No. 1 water permeable hole is coaxially arranged with a No. 1 seepage hole. The side wall of the right cover baffle is evenly processed with a plurality of No. 2 water permeable holes, and the plurality of No. 2 water permeable holes form a No. 2 water permeable hole curtain, and the length of the No. 2 water permeable hole curtain is the same as the length of the right cover baffle, and each No. 2 water permeable hole is coaxially arranged with a No. 2 seepage hole;

[0014] The size of the left cover baffle is the same as that of the right cover baffle, the size of the front cover baffle is the same as that of the rear cover baffle, the left cover baffle is arranged correspondingly to the left baffle, the right cover baffle is arranged correspondingly to the right baffle, the front cover baffle is arranged correspondingly to the front baffle, and the rear cover baffle is arranged correspondingly to the rear baffle;

[0015] Furthermore, the pre-cooling device also includes two plug-in components, the plug-in components include a T-shaped insert and a fixed insert rail, the T-shaped insert is slidably connected to the fixed insert rail, one plug-in component is arranged between the front baffle and the front baffle of the cover, and the fixed insert rail in the plug-in component is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the front baffle, and the T-shaped insert in the plug-in component is fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the front baffle of the cover; the other plug-in component is arranged between the rear baffle and the rear baffle of the cover, and the fixed insert rail in the plug-in component is fixedly connected to the inner side of the rear baffle, and the T-shaped insert in the plug-in component is fixedly connected to the outer side of the rear baffle of the cover;

[0016] Furthermore, a water level monitor is provided at the center of the inner top of the arc-shaped radiation cooling plate. The housing of the water level monitor is fixedly connected to the inner top of the arc-shaped radiation cooling plate, and the monitoring end of the water level monitor is arranged vertically downward:

[0017] Furthermore, the fresh air secondary pre-cooling section assembly includes a sky radiation cooling panel, a wedge-shaped cold storage material, a front baffle, a bottom baffle, an outer baffle and a rear baffle. The outer baffle is arranged opposite to the left baffle or the right baffle, the bottom baffle is arranged at the bottom of the outer baffle, and the top of one side of the bottom baffle is fixedly connected to the bottom of the outer baffle, and the other side of the bottom baffle is fixedly connected to one side of the bottom plate. The front baffle and the rear baffle are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the outer baffle along the center line of the length direction of the outer baffle, and the front baffle is arranged close to the fresh air inlet duct, and the rear baffle is arranged close to the air collecting box. The inner side of the front baffle is fixedly connected to one end of the outer baffle, the bottom of the front baffle is fixedly connected to the top of the bottom baffle, one side of the front baffle is fixedly connected to one side of the front baffle, and the inner side of the rear baffle is fixed to the outer The other end of the baffle is fixedly connected, the bottom of the rear baffle is fixedly connected to the top of the bottom baffle, one side of the rear baffle is fixedly connected to one side of the rear baffle, the wedge-shaped cold storage material is arranged between the front baffle and the rear baffle, and the wedge-shaped cold storage material is arranged on the upper part of the outer baffle, one end of the wedge-shaped cold storage material is fixedly connected to the inner side of the front baffle, the other end of the wedge-shaped cold storage material is fixedly connected to the inner side of the rear baffle, the high side of the wedge-shaped cold storage material is fixedly connected to the inner side of the outer baffle, the low side of the wedge-shaped cold storage material is fixedly connected to the outer side of the left baffle or the outer side of the right baffle, and the low side of the wedge-shaped cold storage material is located below the No. 1 water seepage hole curtain or the No. 2 water seepage hole curtain, the sky radiation cooling plate is arranged on the inclined surface of the wedge-shaped cold storage material, and the sky radiation cooling plate is fixedly connected to the wedge-shaped cold storage material;

[0018] A secondary pre-cooling air inlet hole is machined at the center of the rear baffle, and the rear baffle is connected to an air outlet end of the air collecting box through the secondary pre-cooling air inlet hole; a secondary pre-cooling air outlet hole is machined at the bottom of the bottom baffle near one end of the front baffle, and the bottom baffle is connected to an air inlet end of the air collecting pipe through the secondary pre-cooling air outlet hole;

[0019] Furthermore, the sky radiation cooling panel has a three-layer structure, which comprises a cooling layer, a reflective layer, and a heat-conducting layer from top to bottom. The cooling layer, the reflective layer, and the heat-conducting layer are tightly connected in sequence. The cooling layer is bonded to the reflective layer, the reflective layer is bonded to the heat-conducting layer, and the heat-conducting layer is bonded to the inclined surface of the wedge-shaped cold storage material.

[0020] Furthermore, the structure of the sky radiation cooling panel is the same as that of the curved radiation cooling panel.

[0021] The beneficial effects of this application compared to the prior art are as follows:

[0022] 1. This application proposes a multi-stage fresh air pre-cooling device that utilizes rainwater evaporation and sky radiation, which reduces the cost of rainwater utilization. It uses rainwater evaporation cooling as a primary cold source for fresh air pre-cooling. The rainwater collection and storage device has a simple structure, does not require water purification and transportation parts, and can be collected and stored on-site. This is low-cost and conducive to practical application, saving water resources. At the same time, as a primary pre-cooling cold source, it can reduce fresh air energy consumption.

[0023] 2. This patent proposes a multi-stage fresh air pre-cooling device that utilizes rainwater evaporation and sky radiation. Sky radiation cooling panels serve as a secondary cooling source for fresh air pre-cooling, and also serve as nighttime dew and rainwater collection devices. Nighttime dew flows into a water storage chamber due to gravity, which not only reduces the dew's obstruction of the radiation cooling panels, increasing the nighttime radiation cooling capacity, but also replenishes the water in the water storage chamber, enhancing the sustainability of the fresh air primary pre-cooling device.

[0024] 3. Currently, commonly used fresh air pre-cooling devices use heat exchange devices to exchange heat with exhaust air. However, the amount of fresh air processed and the degree to which the fresh air temperature can be reduced are limited. The dual-stage fresh air pre-cooling device provided by the present invention can be used simultaneously with existing heat exchange fresh air pre-cooling methods, thereby increasing the fresh air pre-cooling capacity and having strong adaptability and add-on features.

[0025] 4. The multi-stage fresh air pre-cooling device proposed in the present invention, which utilizes rainwater evaporation and sky radiation, can achieve adaptive control of the device. It can automatically release water when fresh air pre-cooling is not needed, such as in winter, or during maintenance. It can also automatically drain water after rainwater is full to prevent water from overflowing onto the surface of the radiation cover after it is full, reducing the sky radiation cooling capacity. At the same time, it can control the evaporative cooling rate according to the indoor load demand, thereby enhancing the fresh air pre-cooling capacity. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 This is an axial schematic diagram of the pre-cooling device described in this application;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic top view of the pre-cooling device described in this application;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a left side schematic diagram of the pre-cooling device described in this application;

[0029] Figure 4 This is a schematic AA cross-sectional view of the pre-cooling device described in this application;

[0030] Figure 5 This is a main cross-sectional schematic diagram of the pre-cooling device described in this application;

[0031] Figure 6 This is an axial schematic diagram of the arc-shaped cover assembly in the pre-cooling device described in this application;

[0032] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the arc-shaped cover assembly in the pre-cooling device described in this application;

[0033] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the pre-cooling device described in this application;

[0034] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the sky radiation cooling panel in the pre-cooling device described in this application;

[0035] Figure 10 This is a flow chart of the control mode of the pre-cooling device described in this application;

[0036] Figure 11 Schematic diagram of the hole pattern during the evaporation adjustment process of the pre-cooling device described in this application (fully closed state);

[0037] Figure 12 Schematic diagram of the hole pattern during the evaporation adjustment process of the pre-cooling device described in this application (five rows of open holes);

[0038] Figure 13 Schematic diagram of the hole pattern during the evaporation adjustment process of the pre-cooling device described in this application (seven rows of open holes);

[0039] In the figure, 101 is the fresh air inlet duct, 201 is the rear baffle, 202 is the left baffle, 203 is the front baffle, 204 is the right baffle, 205 is the fresh air pre-cooling pipe, 206 is the bottom plate, 301 is the curved radiation cooling panel, 302 is the left cover baffle, 303 is the rear cover baffle, 304 is the right cover baffle, 305 is the front cover baffle, 401 is the air collecting box, 501 is the sky radiation cooling panel, 502 is the wedge-shaped cold storage material, 503 is the front baffle, 504 is the bottom baffle, 505 is the outer baffle, 506 is the rear baffle, 601 is the air collecting duct, 701 is the water level monitor, 702 is the T-shaped insert, 703 is the fixed insert rail, 704 is the electric drain valve and 705 is the electric composite blind. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] Specific implementation method 1: Combination Figures 1 to 13Describing the present embodiment, a multi-stage fresh air pre-cooling device utilizing rainwater evaporation and sky radiation is provided in the present embodiment, wherein the pre-cooling device comprises a fresh air inlet assembly, an arc-shaped covering assembly, a fresh air first-level pre-cooling section assembly, an air collecting box 401, an air collecting pipe 601, and two fresh air second-level pre-cooling section assemblies, wherein the fresh air inlet assembly is arranged on the air inlet end of the fresh air first-level pre-cooling section assembly, and the air outlet end of the fresh air inlet assembly is connected to the air inlet end of the fresh air first-level pre-cooling section assembly, the arc-shaped covering assembly is arranged on the top of the fresh air first-level pre-cooling section assembly, and the arc-shaped covering assembly is slidably connected to the fresh air first-level pre-cooling section assembly, and the two fresh air second-level pre-cooling section assemblies are symmetrically arranged on the fresh air first-level pre-cooling section assembly along the center line of the width direction of the fresh air first-level pre-cooling section assembly. On both sides, one side of each fresh air secondary pre-cooling section component is fixedly connected to one side of the fresh air primary pre-cooling section component, the air collecting box 401 is arranged on the air outlet end of the fresh air primary pre-cooling section component, and the air outlet end of the fresh air primary pre-cooling section component is connected to the air inlet of the air collecting box 401, and the air collecting box 401 is provided with two air outlets, each air outlet is connected to the air inlet end of a fresh air secondary pre-cooling section component, the air collecting pipe 601 is arranged below the air inlet end of the fresh air primary pre-cooling section component, the air collecting pipe 601 is provided with two air inlet ends and one air outlet end, and each air inlet end in the air collecting pipe 601 is connected to the air outlet end of a fresh air secondary pre-cooling section component, and the air outlet end of the air collecting pipe 601 is connected to the inlet end of the building supply air duct.

[0041] Specific implementation method 2: Combination Figures 1 to 13 This embodiment differs from the first embodiment in that the fresh air inlet assembly includes a fresh air inlet duct 101 and an electric composite louver 705. The fresh air inlet duct 101 is disposed at the air inlet end of the fresh air first-stage pre-cooling section assembly, and the air outlet end of the fresh air inlet duct 101 is connected to the air inlet end of the fresh air first-stage pre-cooling section assembly. The electric composite louver 705 is embedded in the air outlet end of the fresh air inlet duct 101, and the outer shell of the electric composite louver 705 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the air inlet end of the fresh air inlet duct 101. Other components and connection methods are the same as those of the first embodiment.

[0042] In this embodiment, the electric composite shutter 705 plays a certain role in filtering fresh air and can adjust the amount of fresh air passing through by changing the opening degree.

[0043] Specific implementation method three: Combination Figures 1 to 13The present embodiment is described. The difference between the present embodiment and the second embodiment is that the fresh air first-stage pre-cooling section assembly includes a rear baffle 201, a left baffle 202, a front baffle 203, a right baffle 204, a bottom plate 206 and N fresh air pre-cooling pipes 205, where N is a positive integer. The rear baffle 201 and the front baffle 203 are relatively arranged at the two ends of the bottom plate 206 along the center line of the length direction of the bottom plate 206, and the bottom of the rear baffle 201 is relatively close to the bottom of the bottom plate 206. The top is fixedly connected, the bottom of the front baffle 203 is fixedly connected to the top of the other end of the bottom plate 206, the left baffle 202 and the right baffle 204 are relatively arranged on both sides of the bottom plate 206 along the center line of the width direction of the bottom plate 206, the bottom of the left baffle 202 is fixedly connected to the top of one side of the bottom plate 206, one end of the left baffle 202 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the front baffle 203, the other end of the left baffle 202 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the rear baffle 201, and the right baffle 204 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the rear baffle 201. The bottom of the right baffle 204 is fixedly connected to the top of the other side of the bottom plate 206, one end of the right baffle 204 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the front baffle 203, and the other end of the right baffle 204 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the rear baffle 201. N fresh air pre-cooling pipes 205 are evenly distributed between the rear baffle 201 and the front baffle 203 along the length extension direction of the bottom plate 206, and two adjacent fresh air pre-cooling pipes 205 are arranged in parallel. The fresh air inlet duct 101 is arranged on the outside of the front baffle 203. The end wall of the air outlet end in the fresh air inlet duct is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the front baffle 203, the air collecting box 401 is arranged on the outer side of the rear baffle 201, and the side wall where the air inlet of the air collecting box 401 is located is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the rear baffle 201, one end of each fresh air pre-cooling pipe 205 passes through the front baffle 203 and is connected to the fresh air inlet duct 101, and one end of each fresh air pre-cooling pipe 205 passes through the rear baffle 201 and is connected to the air inlet of the air collecting box 401;

[0044] The left baffle 202 has the same dimensions as the right baffle 204, and the front baffle 203 has the same dimensions as the rear baffle 201. The upper portion of the outer wall of the left baffle 202 is uniformly provided with a plurality of No. 1 water seepage holes, forming a No. 1 water seepage hole curtain. The length of the No. 1 water seepage hole curtain is the same as that of the left baffle 202. The upper portion of the outer wall of the right baffle 204 is uniformly provided with a plurality of No. 2 water seepage holes, forming a No. 2 water seepage hole curtain. The length of the No. 2 water seepage hole curtain is the same as that of the right baffle 204. Other components and connection methods are the same as those of the second embodiment.

[0045] In this embodiment, the rear baffle 201, the left baffle 202, the front baffle 203, the right baffle 204 and the bottom plate 206 together constitute the water storage structure of the first-level pre-cooling section. The water storage structure is used to collect rainwater and dew after night. The fresh air passes through the water storage structure of the first-level pre-cooling section through N fresh air pre-cooling pipes 205 to convert the cold energy. The low-temperature water in the water storage structure transfers the cold energy to the fresh air through the fresh air pre-cooling pipes 205, so that the hot air from the outside is converted into first-level pre-cooling fresh air and transferred to the air collecting box 401. It is worth noting that the height of the front baffle 203 is higher than the port size of the fresh air inlet duct 101. The fresh air pre-cooling pipes 205 are mainly arranged in the area where the front baffle 203 is coplanar with the fresh air inlet duct 101. The higher part of the front baffle 203 is used to install the arc cover assembly.

[0046] Specific implementation method four: Combination Figures 1 to 13 This embodiment is different from the third embodiment in that a drainage hole is machined at the center of the bottom plate 206, and an electric drain valve 704 is installed on the drainage hole. Other components and connection methods are the same as those of the third embodiment.

[0047] In this embodiment, the purpose of setting the electric drain valve 704 is to discharge the water in the water storage structure of the first-stage pre-cooling section through the electric drain valve 704 when the water is stored to a certain height, so that new rainwater and dew can be retained, replenished and collected in the water storage structure.

[0048] Specific implementation method five: Combination Figures 1 to 13 This embodiment is described. The difference between this embodiment and the fourth embodiment is that the arc-shaped cover assembly includes an arc-shaped radiation cooling plate 301, a cover left baffle 302, a cover rear baffle 303, a cover right baffle 304 and a cover front baffle 305. The cover rear baffle 303 and the cover front baffle 305 are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the arc-shaped radiation cooling plate 301 along the center line of the length direction of the arc-shaped radiation cooling plate 301, and the top of the cover rear baffle 303 is symmetrical with the arc-shaped radiation cooling plate 301. 1 is fixedly connected to the bottom of one end of the curved radiant cooling plate 301, the top of the front cover baffle 305 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the other end of the curved radiant cooling plate 301, the left cover baffle 302 and the right cover baffle 304 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the curved radiant cooling plate 301 along the center line of the width direction of the curved radiant cooling plate 301, and the top of the left cover baffle 302 is fixedly connected to the bottom of one side of the curved radiant cooling plate 301, and the top of the right cover baffle 304 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the other side of the curved radiant cooling plate 301;

[0049] The side wall of the left cover baffle 302 is evenly processed with a plurality of No. 1 water holes, and the plurality of No. 1 water holes form a No. 1 water hole curtain, and the length of the No. 1 water hole curtain is the same as the length of the left cover baffle 302, and each No. 1 water hole is coaxially arranged with a No. 1 seepage hole. The side wall of the right cover baffle 304 is evenly processed with a plurality of No. 2 water holes, and the plurality of No. 2 water holes form a No. 2 water hole curtain, and the length of the No. 2 water hole curtain is the same as the length of the right cover baffle 304. Similarly, each No. 2 water-permeable hole is coaxially arranged with a No. 2 seepage hole; the dimensions of the left cover baffle 302 are the same as those of the right cover baffle 304, and the dimensions of the front cover baffle 305 are the same as those of the rear cover baffle 303. The left cover baffle 302 is arranged corresponding to the left baffle 202, the right cover baffle 304 is arranged corresponding to the right baffle 204, the front cover baffle 305 is arranged corresponding to the front baffle 203, and the rear cover baffle 303 is arranged corresponding to the rear baffle 201. Other components and connection methods are the same as those in the fourth embodiment.

[0050] In this embodiment, the arc-shaped radiation cooling plate 301 can generate cooling capacity to a certain extent, reduce unnecessary excessive evaporation of water in the water storage cavity, and also prevent debris such as fallen leaves from entering the water storage space. Finally, it can also achieve the drainage of rainwater. When the height of the arc-shaped cover assembly increases from low to high, the overlapping area of ​​the left cover baffle 302 in the arc-shaped cover assembly and the left baffle 202 of the first fresh air pre-cooling section decreases. The holes on the left cover baffle 302 and the left baffle 202 are staggered and blocked to close the air circulation space, until the two holes overlap and the air circulates. After the arc-shaped cover assembly is raised, the holes on the left and right baffles are exposed, the air circulation capacity becomes stronger, the evaporation capacity becomes stronger, and the evaporation cooling intensity adjustment function is achieved. Figures 11 to 13 As shown, as the arc cover rises, the air circulation space changes from being completely closed to having five rows of openings and then to having seven rows of openings. In order to ensure the smoothness of the lifting and lowering of the arc cover assembly, the arc cover assembly can be connected to an external electric lifting device.

[0051] Specific implementation method six: combination Figures 1 to 13This embodiment differs from the fifth embodiment in that the pre-cooling device further comprises two insert assemblies, each comprising a T-shaped insert 702 and a fixed insert rail 703, the T-shaped insert 702 and the fixed insert rail 703 being slidably connected. One insert assembly is disposed between the front baffle 305 and the front baffle 203, with the fixed insert rail 703 in this insert assembly fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the front baffle 203 and the T-shaped insert 702 in this insert assembly fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the front baffle 305. The other insert assembly is disposed between the rear baffle 303 and the rear baffle 201, with the fixed insert rail 703 in this insert assembly fixedly connected to the inner side of the rear baffle 201 and the T-shaped insert 702 in this insert assembly fixedly connected to the outer side of the rear baffle 303. Other components and connection methods are the same as those of the fifth embodiment.

[0052] In this embodiment, the T-shaped insert 702 and the fixed insert rail 703 are used to cooperate with the connection action between the arc-shaped cover assembly and the fresh air first-level pre-cooling section assembly, wherein the fixed insert rail 703 plays a role in limiting and guiding the T-shaped insert 702, ensuring the accuracy of the arc-shaped cover assembly when it descends, and also avoiding the arc-shaped cover assembly from descending too far and causing damage to the fresh air first-level pre-cooling section assembly.

[0053] Specific implementation method seven: combination Figures 1 to 13 This embodiment differs from the sixth embodiment in that a water level monitor 701 is installed at the center of the inner top of the curved radiant cooling panel 301. The housing of the water level monitor 701 is fixedly connected to the inner top of the curved radiant cooling panel 301, and the monitoring end of the water level monitor 701 is positioned vertically downward. Other components and connection methods are the same as those of the sixth embodiment.

[0054] In this embodiment, the function of the water level monitor 701 is to detect the water storage amount in the water storage structure of the first-stage pre-cooling section. When the water level in the water storage structure reaches a certain height, the electric drain valve 704 can be controlled to drain water.

[0055] Specific implementation method eight: combination Figures 1 to 13Explain this embodiment. The difference between this embodiment and the specific embodiment seven is that the fresh air secondary pre-cooling section component includes a sky radiation cooling plate 501, a wedge-shaped cold storage material 502, a front baffle 503, a bottom baffle 504, an outer baffle 505 and a rear baffle 506. The outer baffle 505 is arranged opposite to the left baffle 202 or the right baffle 204. The bottom baffle 504 is arranged at the bottom of the outer baffle 505, and the top of one side of the bottom baffle 504 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the outer baffle 505, and the other side of the bottom baffle 504 is fixedly connected to one side of the bottom plate 206. The front baffle 503 and the rear baffle 506 are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the outer baffle 505 along the center line of the length direction of the outer baffle 505, and the front baffle 503 is arranged close to the fresh air inlet duct 101, and the rear baffle 506 is arranged close to the air collecting box 401. The inner side of the front baffle 503 is fixedly connected to one end of the outer baffle 505, the bottom of the front baffle 503 is fixedly connected to the top of the bottom baffle 504, one side of the front baffle 503 is fixedly connected to one side of the front baffle 203, the inner side of the rear baffle 506 is fixedly connected to the other end of the outer baffle 505, the bottom of the rear baffle 506 is fixedly connected to the top of the bottom baffle 504, and the rear baffle 506 is fixedly connected to the other end of the outer baffle 505. One side of the plate 506 is fixedly connected to one side of the rear baffle 201, the wedge-shaped cold storage material 502 is arranged between the front baffle 503 and the rear baffle 506, and the wedge-shaped cold storage material 502 is arranged on the upper part of the outer baffle 505, one end of the wedge-shaped cold storage material 502 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the front baffle 503, the other end of the wedge-shaped cold storage material 502 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the rear baffle 506, the high side of the wedge-shaped cold storage material 502 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the outer baffle 505, the low side of the wedge-shaped cold storage material 502 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the left baffle 202 or the outer side of the right baffle 204, and the wedge-shaped cold storage material 502 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the left baffle 202 or the outer side of the right baffle 204. The lower side of the cold material 502 is located below the first or second water seepage curtain. The sky radiant cooling panel 501 is installed on the inclined surface of the wedge-shaped cold storage material 502 and is fixedly connected to the wedge-shaped cold storage material 502. The rear baffle 506 has a secondary pre-cooling air inlet hole at its center, which connects to one of the air outlets in the air collection box 401. The bottom baffle 504 has a secondary pre-cooling air outlet hole at its bottom near one end of the front baffle 503, which connects to one of the air inlets in the air collection pipe 601. The other components and connection methods are the same as those in Specific Embodiment 7.

[0056] In this embodiment, the fresh air secondary pre-cooling section assembly is arranged on both sides of the fresh air primary pre-cooling section assembly in order to improve the pre-cooling effect of the fresh air secondary pre-cooling section assembly. Since sky radiation cooling requires radiating heat to the sky, the inclined radiation cooling plate 501 is close to the left baffle 202 and the right baffle 204 of the fresh air primary pre-cooling section assembly and will be blocked by the arc cover 3, the cooling effect is affected, and there is less cold storage material at the bottom. The sky radiation cooling plate is far away from the fresh air primary pre-cooling section and is not blocked, so the cooling effect is good. More cold is generated at night, and more cold storage material is required, so a wedge-shaped structure of the cold storage material 502 is formed. The sky radiation cooling panel 501 has a stronger cooling effect at night when the sky is clear, but has a weaker radiation capacity during the day or when the sky is cloudier. However, the demand for fresh air is higher during the day, and there is also a certain demand when the sky is cloudier. The present invention sets a cold storage material 502 to store excess cold in the form of heat conduction at night. During the day, the upper part receives cold from the sky radiation cooling panel 501, and the lower part cools the fresh air in the form of convection heat exchange in the fresh air secondary channel. The cooling capacity of the sky radiation panel during the day and the cold stored at night are used to cool the large amount of fresh air required during the day. In this process, the cold generated by evaporation of the stored water in the fresh air first-level pre-cooling section assembly can also be transferred to the adjacent fresh air second-level pre-cooling section assembly through the left baffle 202 and the right baffle 204, providing two-way pre-cooling for the first-level pre-cooling fresh air in the fresh air second-level pre-cooling section assembly.

[0057] Specific implementation method nine: combination Figures 1 to 13 This embodiment differs from the eighth embodiment in that the sky radiant cooling panel 501 has a three-layer structure, consisting, from top to bottom, of a cooling layer 5013, a reflective layer 5012, and a heat-conducting layer 5011. The cooling layer 5013, the reflective layer 5012, and the heat-conducting layer 5011 are tightly connected in sequence: the cooling layer 5013 is bonded to the reflective layer 5012, the reflective layer 5012 is bonded to the heat-conducting layer 5011, and the heat-conducting layer 5011 is bonded to the inclined surface of the wedge-shaped cold storage material 502. Other components and connection methods are the same as those in the eighth embodiment.

[0058] In this embodiment, the cooling layer 5013 of the sky radiant cooling panel 501 is made of PDMS (polydimethylsiloxane), the reflective layer 5012 is made of silver, and the heat conductive layer 5011 is made of aluminum. The energy balance equation for sky radiant cooling can be expressed as follows:

[0059] P net =P rad -P solar -P atm -P non-rad

[0060] Where Pnet is the net cooling power of the surface, in W / m2; Prad is the infrared radiation power of the surface, in W / m2; Psolar is the solar radiation absorbed by the surface, in W / m2; Patm is the atmospheric radiation absorbed by the surface, in W / m2; Pnon-rad is the non-radiative heat transfer between the surface and the environment, including heat convection and heat conduction, in W / m2;

[0061] Since the PDMS material has a high emissivity in the atmospheric window band (8-13 μm), it can generate Prad for space radiation heat to achieve a cooling effect. In the solar radiation band (0.3-3.0 μm), PDMS has a low absorptivity and a high transmittance. After passing through the PDMS material, the solar radiation is reflected by the silver layer and released to the outside after passing through the PDMS again without being absorbed by the device, thereby reducing Psolar. The aluminum layer provides a certain mechanical strength and serves as an optimal heat conduction layer to transfer the cold generated by the radiation cooling plate to the cold storage material. As an embodiment, the cold storage material can be a phase change material with a phase change temperature of 5-12°C, such as n-tetradecane, polyethylene glycol E400, paraffin C15-C16, etc. The cold storage material is wrapped and encapsulated by a metal plate with a higher thermal conductivity. Preferably, the present invention can be coated with an insulating material on the outside except the upper surface to maintain the pre-cooled fresh air in the fresh air channel inside the device at a lower temperature to avoid the loss of cold.

[0062] Specific implementation method ten: Combination Figures 1 to 13 This embodiment differs from the ninth embodiment in that the sky radiant cooling panel 501 has the same structure as the curved radiant cooling panel 301. Other components and connection methods are the same as those of the ninth embodiment.

[0063] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof. Unless otherwise specified, the relative arrangement of the parts and steps, numerical expressions and numerical values ​​described in these embodiments do not limit the scope of this application. At the same time, it should be understood that for ease of description, the dimensions of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn according to the actual proportional relationship. The techniques, methods and equipment known to ordinary technicians in the relevant fields may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, the techniques, methods and equipment should be considered as part of the authorized specification. In all examples shown and discussed here, any specific values ​​should be interpreted as being merely exemplary and not as limitations.

[0064] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the directions or positional relationships indicated by directional terms such as "front, back, up, down, left, right," and "top, bottom," are generally based on the center of the device and the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. These are intended solely to facilitate the description of this application and simplify the description. Unless otherwise indicated, these directional terms do not indicate or imply that the device or component referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed or operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this application. The directional terms "inside" and "outside" refer to inside and outside relative to the center of each component. For ease of description, spatially relative terms such as "inside" and "outside" may be used to describe the spatial positional relationship of one device or feature with respect to other devices or features, as shown in the drawings. It should be understood that these spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device during use or operation, in addition to the orientation depicted in the drawings. Furthermore, it should be noted that the use of terms such as "one" and "two" to define components is solely for the purpose of distinguishing the corresponding components. Unless otherwise stated, these terms have no special meanings and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this application. The foregoing description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that various modifications and variations of the present invention are possible. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are intended to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0065] How it works

[0066] When using this application, first assemble the various components according to the connection relationships described in Specific Embodiments 1 to 10;

[0067] The fresh air passes through the electric composite blinds 705 from the rear of the device and enters the fresh air inlet duct 101, and then enters the fresh air pre-cooling pipe 205 for primary pre-cooling. After the primary pre-cooling, the fresh air enters the air collecting box 401, and then flows to the fresh air secondary channels in the left and right fresh air secondary pre-cooling section components for fresh air secondary pre-cooling. After the secondary pre-cooling, the fresh air flows into the air collecting pipe 601 and merges to supply the pre-cooled fresh air to the building.

[0068] This application mainly utilizes evaporative cooling technology, which utilizes the "dry air energy" in the air. When the water body exchanges heat and mass with the ambient air, the water vapor evaporates and absorbs heat, which makes the water temperature close to the ambient wet-bulb temperature. Since the ambient wet-bulb temperature is lower than the dry-bulb temperature (i.e., the fresh air temperature), it can serve as a cold source for fresh air cooling.

[0069] On rainy days, rainwater, constrained by the inclined sky radiation cooling panels 501 and the auxiliary rainwater and dew collection baffles 503, flows from the left and right sides successively through the seepage holes on the baffle in the fresh air first-stage pre-cooling section assembly and the water-permeable holes on the cover baffle in the arc-shaped cover assembly, and flows into the intermediate water storage space, thereby achieving rainwater collection. The dew produced by the sky radiation cooling panels 501 at night is collected in the same way to replenish the rainwater consumed by evaporation.

[0070] After rainwater and dew are collected into the water storage space at the lower part of the fresh air first-level pre-cooling section, the temperature is lower than the fresh air temperature due to evaporation. Not only can the fresh air be cooled by convection heat exchange on the fresh air first-level channel through the fresh air pre-cooling pipe 205 in the fresh air first-level pre-cooling section, but the fresh air can also be cooled by convection heat exchange on the fresh air second-level channel through the lower area of ​​the left baffle 202 and the right baffle 204 in the fresh air first-level pre-cooling section.

[0071] The fresh air secondary pre-cooling section component mainly performs secondary pre-cooling on the primary pre-cooling air passing through the fresh air primary pre-cooling section component. The pre-cooling cold capacity is divided into two parts. One part is the cold capacity collected and stored by the sky radiation cooling plate 501 and stored in the wedge-shaped cold storage material 502, which is converted to the primary pre-cooling air through heat transfer for secondary pre-cooling. At the same time, the lower areas of the left baffle 202 and the right baffle 204 in the fresh air primary pre-cooling section can also radiate cold to the primary pre-cooling air in the fresh air secondary pre-cooling section component to assist in the completion of secondary pre-cooling, thereby achieving a two-way pre-cooling effect.

[0072] In this application, the lifting and lowering actions of the electric drain valve 704, the water level monitor 701, the electric composite shutter 705 and the arc-shaped cover assembly are all realized by electric control. The automatic control flow chart matching the device of the present invention is as follows: Figure 10 shown.

[0073] The electric drain valve 704 is controlled by a signal processing element and can open the valve to drain water and close the valve to store water.

[0074] During winter months when fresh air pre-cooling is required or during maintenance periods, the water in the water storage chamber needs to be drained to reduce corrosion and facilitate maintenance operations. By reading the time signal T and the maintenance signal i, when the time signal T exceeds the time period of the year when fresh air pre-cooling is required (T1>T, T>T2) (T1 is the time point when fresh air pre-cooling begins throughout the year, and T2 is the time point when fresh air pre-cooling ends), or when the maintenance signal (i=1) is detected, the electric drain valve 704 is opened until the internal water is completely drained, the arc-shaped cover assembly is lowered, and the electric composite shutter 705 is closed.

[0075] When the time signal T is in the period of the year when fresh air needs to be pre-cooled (T1

Claims

1. A multi-stage fresh air pre-cooling device utilizing rainwater evaporation and sky radiation, characterized by: The precooling device comprises a fresh air inlet assembly, an arc-shaped cover assembly, a fresh air first-level precooling section assembly, an air collecting box (401), an air collecting pipe (601), and two fresh air second-level precooling section assemblies, wherein the fresh air inlet assembly is arranged on the air inlet end of the fresh air first-level precooling section assembly, and the air outlet end of the fresh air inlet assembly is connected to the air inlet end of the fresh air first-level precooling section assembly, the arc-shaped cover assembly is arranged on the top of the fresh air first-level precooling section assembly, and the arc-shaped cover assembly is slidably connected to the fresh air first-level precooling section assembly, the two fresh air second-level precooling section assemblies are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the fresh air first-level precooling section assembly along the center line of the width direction of the fresh air first-level precooling section assembly, and one side of each fresh air second-level precooling section assembly is connected to the fresh air first-level precooling section assembly. The air collecting box (401) is fixedly connected to one side of the fresh air first-stage pre-cooling section assembly, and the air outlet end of the fresh air first-stage pre-cooling section assembly is connected to the air inlet of the air collecting box (401). The air collecting box (401) is provided with two air outlets, and each air outlet is connected to the air inlet end of a fresh air second-stage pre-cooling section assembly. The air collecting pipe (601) is provided below the air inlet end of the fresh air first-stage pre-cooling section assembly. The air collecting pipe (601) is provided with two air inlet ends and one air outlet end, and each air inlet end of the air collecting pipe (601) is connected to the air outlet end of a fresh air second-stage pre-cooling section assembly, and the air outlet end of the air collecting pipe (601) is connected to the inlet end of the building supply air duct. The fresh air inlet assembly comprises a fresh air inlet duct (101) and an electric composite louver (705); the fresh air inlet duct (101) is arranged on the air inlet end of the fresh air first-stage pre-cooling section assembly, and the air outlet end of the fresh air inlet duct (101) is connected to the air inlet end of the fresh air first-stage pre-cooling section assembly; the electric composite louver (705) is embedded in the air inlet end of the fresh air inlet duct (101), and the outer shell of the electric composite louver (705) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the air outlet end of the fresh air inlet duct (101); The fresh air first-stage pre-cooling section assembly comprises a rear baffle (201), a left baffle (202), a front baffle (203), a right baffle (204), a bottom plate (206) and N fresh air pre-cooling pipes (205), wherein N is a positive integer, and the rear baffle (201) and the front baffle (203) are relatively arranged at the two ends of the bottom plate (206) along the center line of the length direction of the bottom plate (206), and the bottom of the rear baffle (201) is fixedly connected to the top of one end of the bottom plate (206), and the bottom of the front baffle (203) is fixedly connected to the bottom plate (206). The top of the other end of the plate (206) is fixedly connected, the left baffle (202) and the right baffle (204) are relatively arranged on both sides of the bottom plate (206) along the center line of the width direction of the bottom plate (206), the bottom of the left baffle (202) is fixedly connected to the top of one side of the bottom plate (206), one end of the left baffle (202) is fixedly connected to the inner side of the front baffle (203), the other end of the left baffle (202) is fixedly connected to the inner side of the rear baffle (201), the bottom of the right baffle (204) is fixedly connected to the bottom plate (206) The top of the other side is fixedly connected, one end of the right baffle (204) is fixedly connected to the inner side of the front baffle (203), and the other end of the right baffle (204) is fixedly connected to the inner side of the rear baffle (201), N fresh air pre-cooling pipes (205) are evenly distributed between the rear baffle (201) and the front baffle (203) along the length extension direction of the bottom plate (206), and two adjacent fresh air pre-cooling pipes (205) are arranged in parallel, the fresh air inlet duct (101) is arranged on the outside of the front baffle (203), and the fresh air inlet The end wall of the air outlet end of the air duct is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the front baffle (203), the air collecting box (401) is arranged on the outer side of the rear baffle (201), and the side wall where the air inlet of the air collecting box (401) is located is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the rear baffle (201), one end of each fresh air pre-cooling pipe (205) passes through the front baffle (203) and is connected to the fresh air inlet air duct (101), and one end of each fresh air pre-cooling pipe (205) passes through the rear baffle (201) and is connected to the air inlet of the air collecting box (401); The fresh air secondary pre-cooling section assembly comprises a sky radiation refrigeration plate (501), a wedge-shaped cold storage material (502), a front baffle (503), a bottom baffle (504), an outer baffle (505) and a rear baffle (506), wherein the outer baffle (505) is arranged opposite to the left baffle (202) or the right baffle (204), the bottom baffle (504) is arranged at the bottom of the outer baffle (505), and the top of one side of the bottom baffle (504) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the outer baffle (505), and the other side of the bottom baffle (504) is fixedly connected to one side of the bottom plate (206). The front baffle (503) and the rear baffle (506) are symmetrically arranged at the two ends of the outer baffle (505) along the center line of the length direction of the outer baffle (505), and the front baffle (503) is arranged close to the fresh air inlet duct (101), and the rear baffle (506) is arranged close to the air collecting box (401). The inner side of the front baffle (503) is fixedly connected to one end of the outer baffle (505), the bottom of the front baffle (503) is fixedly connected to the top of the bottom baffle (504), one side of the front baffle (503) is fixedly connected to one side of the front baffle (203), and the rear baffle (506) is fixedly connected to the front baffle (203). The inner side of the plate (506) is fixedly connected to the other end of the outer baffle (505), the bottom of the rear baffle (506) is fixedly connected to the top of the bottom baffle (504), one side of the rear baffle (506) is fixedly connected to one side of the rear baffle (201), the wedge-shaped cold storage material (502) is arranged between the front baffle (503) and the rear baffle (506), and the wedge-shaped cold storage material (502) is arranged on the upper part of the outer baffle (505), one end of the wedge-shaped cold storage material (502) is fixedly connected to the inner side of the front baffle (503), and the other end of the wedge-shaped cold storage material (502) is fixedly connected to the inner side of the front baffle (503). The end is fixedly connected to the inner side of the rear baffle (506), the upper side of the wedge-shaped cold storage material (502) is fixedly connected to the inner side of the outer baffle (505), the lower side of the wedge-shaped cold storage material (502) is fixedly connected to the outer side of the left baffle (202) or the outer side of the right baffle (204), and the lower side of the wedge-shaped cold storage material (502) is located below the first seepage hole curtain or the second seepage hole curtain, the sky radiation cooling plate (501) is arranged on the inclined surface of the wedge-shaped cold storage material (502), and the sky radiation cooling plate (501) is fixedly connected to the wedge-shaped cold storage material (502).

2. The multi-stage fresh air pre-cooling device using rainwater evaporation and sky radiation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The size of the left baffle (202) is the same as that of the right baffle (204), and the size of the front baffle (203) is the same as that of the rear baffle (201); The upper portion of the outer wall of the left baffle (202) is uniformly processed with a plurality of No. 1 water seepage holes, the plurality of No. 1 water seepage holes forming a No. 1 water seepage hole curtain, the length of which is the same as the length of the left baffle (202); the upper portion of the outer wall of the right baffle (204) is uniformly processed with a plurality of No. 2 water seepage holes, the plurality of No. 2 water seepage holes forming a No. 2 water seepage hole curtain, the length of which is the same as the length of the right baffle (204).

3. The multi-stage fresh air pre-cooling device using rainwater evaporation and sky radiation according to claim 2 is characterized in that: A drainage hole is machined at the center of the bottom plate (206), and an electric drain valve (704) is installed on the drainage hole.

4. The multi-stage fresh air pre-cooling device using rainwater evaporation and sky radiation according to claim 3 is characterized by: The arc-shaped cover assembly comprises an arc-shaped radiation cooling plate (301), a left cover baffle (302), a rear cover baffle (303), a right cover baffle (304) and a front cover baffle (305), wherein the rear cover baffle (303) and the front cover baffle (305) are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the arc-shaped radiation cooling plate (301) along the center line of the length direction of the arc-shaped radiation cooling plate (301), and the top of the rear cover baffle (303) is fixedly connected to the bottom of one end of the arc-shaped radiation cooling plate (301), and the cover is sealed. The top of the front baffle (305) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the other end of the arc-shaped radiation cooling plate (301); the left baffle (302) and the right baffle (304) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the arc-shaped radiation cooling plate (301) along the center line of the width direction of the arc-shaped radiation cooling plate (301); the top of the left baffle (302) is fixedly connected to the bottom of one side of the arc-shaped radiation cooling plate (301); and the top of the right baffle (304) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the other side of the arc-shaped radiation cooling plate (301); The side wall of the left cover baffle (302) is uniformly processed with a plurality of No. 1 water-permeable holes, and the plurality of No. 1 water-permeable holes form a No. 1 water-permeable hole curtain, and the length of the No. 1 water-permeable hole curtain is the same as the length of the left cover baffle (302), and each No. 1 water-permeable hole is coaxially arranged with a No. 1 seepage hole. The side wall of the right cover baffle (304) is uniformly processed with a plurality of No. 2 water-permeable holes, and the plurality of No. 2 water-permeable holes form a No. 2 water-permeable hole curtain, and the length of the No. 2 water-permeable hole curtain is the same as the length of the right cover baffle (304), and each No. 2 water-permeable hole is coaxially arranged with a No. 2 seepage hole. The size of the left cover baffle (302) is the same as that of the right cover baffle (304), the size of the front cover baffle (305) is the same as that of the rear cover baffle (303), the left cover baffle (302) is arranged correspondingly to the left baffle (202), the right cover baffle (304) is arranged correspondingly to the right baffle (204), the front cover baffle (305) is arranged correspondingly to the front baffle (203), and the rear cover baffle (303) is arranged correspondingly to the rear baffle (201).

5. The multi-stage fresh air pre-cooling device using rainwater evaporation and sky radiation according to claim 4, characterized in that: The pre-cooling device further comprises two plug-in components, wherein the plug-in components comprise a T-shaped insert (702) and a fixed insert rail (703), wherein the T-shaped insert rail (702) is slidably connected to the fixed insert rail (703), and one plug-in component is arranged between the front baffle (305) and the front baffle (203), wherein the fixed insert rail (703) in the plug-in component is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the front baffle (203), and the T-shaped insert rail (702) in the plug-in component is fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the front baffle (305), and the other plug-in component is arranged between the rear baffle (303) and the rear baffle (201), wherein the fixed insert rail (703) in the plug-in component is fixedly connected to the inner side of the rear baffle (201), and the T-shaped insert rail (702) in the plug-in component is fixedly connected to the outer side of the rear baffle (303).

6. The multi-stage fresh air pre-cooling device using rainwater evaporation and sky radiation according to claim 5, characterized in that: A water level monitor (701) is provided at the center of the inner top of the arc-shaped radiation cooling plate (301), a shell of the water level monitor (701) is fixedly connected to the inner top of the arc-shaped radiation cooling plate (301), and a monitoring end of the water level monitor (701) is arranged vertically downward.

7. The multi-stage fresh air pre-cooling device using rainwater evaporation and sky radiation according to claim 6, characterized in that: A secondary pre-cooling air inlet hole is machined at the center of the rear baffle (506), and the rear baffle (506) is connected to an air outlet end in the air collecting box (401) through the secondary pre-cooling air inlet hole; a secondary pre-cooling air outlet hole is machined at the bottom of the bottom baffle (504) near one end of the front baffle (503), and the bottom baffle (504) is connected to an air inlet end in the air collecting pipe (601) through the secondary pre-cooling air outlet hole.

8. The multi-stage fresh air pre-cooling device using rainwater evaporation and sky radiation according to claim 7, characterized in that: The sky radiation cooling panel (501) has a three-layer structure, which comprises, from top to bottom, a cooling layer (5013), a reflective layer (5012), and a heat-conducting layer (5011). The cooling layer (5013), the reflective layer (5012), and the heat-conducting layer (5011) are tightly connected in sequence. The cooling layer (5013) is bonded to the reflective layer (5012), the reflective layer (5012) is bonded to the heat-conducting layer (5011), and the heat-conducting layer (5011) is bonded to the inclined surface of the wedge-shaped cold storage material (502).

9. The multi-stage fresh air pre-cooling device using rainwater evaporation and sky radiation according to claim 8, characterized in that: The sky radiation cooling panel (501) has the same structure as the arc-shaped radiation cooling panel (301).

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