A novel magnetic isolation driving based bipolar pulse source

Abstract

A bipolar pulse source based on a novel magnetic isolation drive includes a half-bridge drive circuit module, a magnetic isolation drive circuit module, a bipolar Marx pulse source module and a load; the bipolar high-voltage pulse source based on the novel magnetic isolation drive is provided.The drive circuit topology is simple, the magnetic core stack and the anti-parallel mode of the secondary winding are utilized, only two control signals are needed to realize the separate control of four switches in the double Marx topology.The developed pulse source prototype has an output voltage of 0-20kV, a pulse width of 3-10us, a maximum repetition frequency of 200Hz, and a flexible interval between positive and negative polarity pulses.The pulse source adopts modular design, and higher output voltage can be realized by stacking the modules.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of pulse power device applications, specifically a bipolar pulse source based on a novel magnetically isolated drive. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, the application scope of pulsed power technology has expanded from the traditional military and defense fields to include biomedicine, plasma science, materials modification, food science, and wastewater treatment. Based on different application backgrounds, the parameter requirements of pulse sources vary. Besides requirements for high output voltage, current, and fast rise time, parameters such as output pulse shape, polarity, and repetition frequency are increasingly being incorporated into design requirements. In the field of liquid food sterilization, compared to traditional methods such as heat treatment, ultraviolet irradiation, and chemical treatment, the non-thermal sterilization method using high-voltage pulsed electric fields has attracted widespread attention due to its advantages such as no significant temperature rise, short processing time, and good sterilization effect. The main sterilization mechanism is that a high-pulse electric field (1-100μs, 20-80kV / cm) induces irreversible perforation and death of microorganisms in food. As the core equipment for generating the pulsed electric field, the high-voltage pulsed power supply's parameters directly affect the final sterilization effect. Studies have shown that, in addition to the pulsed electric field strength and duration, the alternating stress generated by bipolar pulses causes structural fatigue of the cell membrane, increases cell membrane permeability, and effectively enhances the sterilization effect. Secondly, in food sterilization processes, high-voltage electrodes are often made of metal. When in contact with liquid food, the unipolar pulse output is prone to electrode corrosion, which can lead to food safety issues. Compared to unipolar pulses, bipolar pulses, through polarity switching, can effectively suppress electrode corrosion and ensure food safety.

[0003] Typical methods for generating bipolar high-voltage pulses include Blumlein transmission lines, linear transformer drive sources, and Marx circuits. With the development of semiconductor technology, Marx circuits based on Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistors (IGBTs) have been widely adopted due to their advantages such as no impedance matching required and flexible pulse width adjustment. There are two main types of all-solid-state Marx circuit topologies for generating bipolar pulses: dual-Marx type and full-bridge type. The dual-Marx type topology has high switching voltage utilization, requires fewer switches, and has simpler control requirements, making it a good choice as a bipolar pulse source.

[0004] To meet the high output voltage requirements in food sterilization, the high-potential floating drive problem of IGBTs in dual Marx-type circuits needs to be solved. Drives are generally divided into active and passive drives. Active drives often employ opto-isolation triggering schemes. This scheme requires an additional drive isolation power supply. Currently, commercially available mature isolation power supply modules generally do not exceed 15kV, and the output amplitude of the pulse source is limited by the maximum isolation voltage of the power supply. Furthermore, bipolar pulse sources require a large number of switches, necessitating the introduction of numerous opto-isolation modules and isolation power supply modules, significantly increasing the cost of the pulse source and making control more complex. Compared to opto-isolation drives, magnetic isolation drives are passive drives, utilizing a magnetic core to transmit the drive signal. They do not require additional isolation power supply modules, offer high isolation voltage, significantly improve output amplitude, and reduce pulse source costs. However, current research and design for magnetically isolated pulse sources are only at the unipolar stage, failing to meet the high-voltage bipolar output requirements of this field.

[0005] Traditional bipolar high-voltage pulse sources employ either a dual Marx-type circuit topology or a cascaded H-bridge topology. Both provide a single-stage output voltage, using stacking stages to increase the pulse source's output amplitude. To output high-amplitude voltages, multiple stages are required, necessitating the use of numerous opto-isolation modules and high-isolation voltage-resistant power supply modules. This drastically increases equipment costs and significantly reduces reliability. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a novel bipolar pulse source based on magnetic isolation drive, comprising: a half-bridge drive circuit module, a magnetic isolation drive circuit module, a bipolar Marx pulse source module, and a load.

[0007] The half-bridge drive circuit module is used to generate bipolar control signals and transmit them to the magnetically isolated drive circuit module.

[0008] The magnetically isolated drive circuit module includes n magnetically isolated drive circuit units.

[0009] After receiving the bipolar control signal, the i-th magnetically isolated drive circuit module generates the corresponding drive signal, i = 1, 2, ..., n.

[0010] The i-th drive signal controls the on and off of each switch in the i-th bipolar Marx pulse generation unit of the bipolar Marx pulse source module, as well as the on and off times.

[0011] The bipolar Marx pulse source module outputs a bipolar voltage signal to the load under the action of the driving signal.

[0012] The bipolar Marx pulse source module includes n cascaded bipolar Marx pulse generating units.

[0013] The circuit topology of the half-bridge drive circuit module is shown below:

[0014] Let the end with the positive terminal of the power supply Vdc be terminal A, and the end with the negative terminal be terminal B. Terminal B is grounded.

[0015] Terminal A is connected to terminal B after being connected in series with capacitors C1 and C2.

[0016] Terminal A is connected in series with the collector of control switch Q1, the emitter of control switch Q1 is connected in series with the collector of control switch Q2, and the emitter of control switch Q2 is connected to terminal B.

[0017] The gates of both control switches Q1 and Q2 are left floating.

[0018] The collector of the control switch Q1 is connected in series with the cathode of the diode D1, and the emitter of the control switch Q1 is connected in series with the anode of the diode D1.

[0019] The collector of the control switch Q2 is connected in series with the cathode of the diode D2, and the emitter of the control switch Q2 is connected in series with the anode of the diode D2.

[0020] The emitter of the control switch Q1 is connected to terminal B in series with inductor L0 and capacitor C2.

[0021] Terminal A is connected to terminal B after being connected in series with capacitors C3 and C4.

[0022] Terminal A is connected in series with the collector of control switch Q3, the emitter of control switch Q3 is connected in series with the collector of control switch Q4, and the emitter of control switch Q4 is connected to terminal B.

[0023] The gates of both control switches Q3 and Q4 are left floating.

[0024] The collector of the control switch Q3 is connected in series with the cathode of the diode D3, and the emitter of the control switch Q3 is connected in series with the anode of the diode D3.

[0025] The collector of the control switch Q4 is connected in series with the cathode of the diode D4, and the emitter of the control switch Q4 is connected in series with the anode of the diode D4.

[0026] The emitter of the control switch Q3 is connected to terminal B in series with inductor L1 and capacitor C4.

[0027] The inductor L t Transmit the signal to inductor L s-1i Inductor L s-2i Inductor L r-1i and inductor L r-2i The signal flows through inductor L s-1i Inductor L s-2i Inductor Lr-1i and inductor L r-2i Then, it enters each switching transistor to control the switching transistor to turn on or off, t=x-1, s=2x-1, r=2x, x=1, 2.

[0028] Inductor L s-1i and inductor L s-2i The coil winding is forward-biased, and the inductance L r-1i and inductor L r-2i The coil winding method is reversed.

[0029] The circuit topology of the magnetically isolated drive circuit module is shown below:

[0030] Remember the inductance L s-1i and inductor L s-2i The middle connection point is terminal C, and the inductor is L. s-1i The end where it is located is terminal D, and the inductance is L. s-2i The end where it is located is the E end.

[0031] Note the bidirectional breakdown diode Z si One end is the Gssi end, and the other end is the Essi end.

[0032] The E-terminal series MOSFET switch S s-2i The source of the MOSFET switch S s-2i Gate series resistance R s-2i Then connect to the C terminal.

[0033] The MOSFET switch S s-2i Source series diode D s-2i The anode of diode D s-2i Cathode series MOSFET switch S s-2i The drain electrode.

[0034] The MOSFET switch S s-2i The drain series resistor Rgsi is then connected to the Gssi terminal.

[0035] The MOSFET switch S s-2i The drain capacitor Cgsi is connected in series with the Essi terminal.

[0036] The D-terminal series MOSFET switch S s-1i The source of the MOSFET switch S s-1i Gate series resistance R s-1i Then connect to the C terminal.

[0037] The MOSFET switch S s-1i Source series diode D s-1i The anode of diode D s-1iCathode series MOSFET switch S s-1i The drain electrode.

[0038] The MOSFET switch S s-1i The drain is connected to the Essi terminal.

[0039] Remember the inductance L r-1i and inductor L r-2i The middle connection is terminal F, and the inductance is L. r-1i The end where it is located is the G terminal, and the inductor is L. r-2i The end where it is located is the H end.

[0040] Note the bidirectional breakdown diode Z ri One end is the Gsri end, and the other end is the Esri end.

[0041] The H-terminal series MOSFET switch S r-2i The source of the MOSFET switch S r-2i Gate series resistance R r-2i Then connect to the F terminal.

[0042] The MOSFET switch S r-2i Source series diode D r-2i The anode of diode D r-2i Cathode series MOSFET switch S r-2i The drain electrode.

[0043] The MOSFET switch S r-2i The drain series resistor Rgri is then connected to the Gsri terminal.

[0044] The MOSFET switch S r-2i The drain capacitor Cgri is connected in series with the Esri terminal.

[0045] The G-terminal series MOSFET switch S r-1i The source of the MOSFET switch S r-1i Gate series resistance R r-1i Then connect to the F terminal.

[0046] The MOSFET switch S r-1i Source series diode D r-1i The anode of diode D r-1i Cathode series MOSFET switch S r-1i The drain electrode.

[0047] The MOSFET switch S r-1i The drain is connected to the Esri terminal.

[0048] The circuit topology of the bipolar Marx pulse source module is shown below:

[0049] Record the DC power supply x The end containing the positive electrode is called terminal I, and the end containing the negative electrode is called terminal J. Terminal J is grounded.

[0050] The series diode D at terminal I x1 The anode of diode D x1 Cathode series capacitor C x1 Then connect to the J end.

[0051] The diode D x1 Cathode series IGBT switch S s1 The collector of the IGBT switch S s1 emitter series IGBT switch S r1 The collector of the IGBT switch S r1 The emitter is connected to the J terminal.

[0052] The diode D xi Anode series IGBT switch S sj The collector of the diode D xi Cathode series capacitor C xi Then connected to IGBT switch S sj The emitter, j = i-1 and j > 0.

[0053] The diode D xi Cathode series IGBT switch S si The collector of the IGBT switch S si emitter series IGBT switch S ri The collector of the IGBT switch S ri The emitter is connected to the IGBT switch S sj The emitter.

[0054] The IGBT switch S si and IGBT switch S ri All of them use IGBT switches, and the gates are all left floating.

[0055] The IGBT switch S si collector-series diode D i-s The cathode, IGBT switch S si emitter series diode D i-s The anode.

[0056] The IGBT switch S ri collector-series diode D i-r The cathode, IGBT switch S ri emitter series diode D i-r The anode.

[0057] The IGBT switch S 1n emitter series resistor R load Then connected to IGBT switch S 3n The emitter.

[0058] The Gssi terminal of the magnetically isolated drive circuit module is connected to the IGBT switch S of the bipolar Marx pulse source module. si The gate.

[0059] The Gsri terminal of the magnetically isolated drive circuit module is connected to the IGBT switch S of the bipolar Marx pulse source module. ri The gate.

[0060] The Essi terminal of the magnetically isolated drive circuit module is connected to the IGBT switch S of the bipolar Marx pulse source module. si The emitter.

[0061] The Esri terminal of the magnetically isolated drive circuit module is connected to the IGBT switch S of the bipolar Marx pulse source module. ri The emitter.

[0062] Furthermore, when the inductance L t When the output voltage is Vin, in the inductor L s-1i and inductor L s-2i A voltage of 0.5Vin is induced on both sides, in the inductor L r-1i and inductor L r-2i A voltage of -0.5Vin was induced on each of them.

[0063] Furthermore, the control signals of the control switches Q1, Q2, Q3 and Q4 of the half-bridge drive circuit module are the same. The time when the control switches Q1 and Q2 receive the control signal is t1, and the time when the control switches Q3 and Q4 receive the control signal is t1+Δt, where Δt is the time delay.

[0064] The magnetic isolation drive circuit module includes an upper-level magnetic isolation drive module and a lower-level magnetic isolation drive module.

[0065] When x = 1, the magnetic isolation drive circuit module is the upper-level magnetic isolation drive module.

[0066] When x = 2, the magnetic isolation drive circuit module is the lower-level magnetic isolation drive module.

[0067] The half-bridge drive signals received by the magnetic isolation drive circuit module are the same, and thus the magnetic isolation drive waveforms generated by the upper-level magnetic isolation drive module and the lower-level magnetic isolation drive module are the same.

[0068] Among them, the lower-level magnetic isolation drive waveform has a time delay Δt compared to the upper-level magnetic isolation drive waveform, and the time delay Δt corresponds to the interval between positive and negative pulses.

[0069] Furthermore, the operation phases of the magnetically isolated drive circuit module include a first operating phase, a second operating phase, a third operating phase, and a fourth operating phase.

[0070] Furthermore, the first operational phase of the magnetically isolated drive circuit module is as follows:

[0071] When the half-bridge drive circuit module is in inductor L t When the terminal generates a positive polarity control signal Vin, the inductor L s-1i When a positive input signal of +0.5Vin is sensed at the terminal, the MOSFET switch S... s-1i All are on, MOSFET switch S s-2i All are through the freewheeling diode D s-2i The circuit is turned on. At this time, the IGBT switch S... si The drive circuit will form two paths: capacitor Cgsi charges to +Vin, and IGBT switch S... si The gate-emitter voltage is +Vin, and the IGBT switch S si All are conducting.

[0072] Meanwhile, inductor L r-2i The terminal senses a negative input signal of -0.5Vin, and the MOSFET switch S... r-2i All are on, MOSFET switch S r-1i All are through the freewheeling diode D r-1i The circuit is turned on. At this time, the IGBT switch S... ri The drive circuit will form two paths: capacitor Cgri charges to -Vin, and IGBT switch S... ri The driving voltage is -Vin, and the IGBT switch S ri All disconnected.

[0073] Furthermore, the second operational phase of the magnetically isolated drive circuit module is as follows:

[0074] When the half-bridge drive circuit module is in inductor L t When there is no output signal at the terminal, the inductor L s-1i Terminal, Inductance L s-2i Terminal, Inductance L r-1i Terminal and inductor L r-2i There is no input signal at either end. At IGBT switch S... si and IGBT switch S ri In the drive circuit, the MOSFET switch S s-1i MOSFET switch S s-2iMOSFET switch S r-1i and MOSFET switch S r-2i Both are disconnected, and there is no discharge path for the charge of capacitors Cgsi and Cgri; therefore, the drive voltages of capacitors Cgsi and Cgri remain unchanged. IGBT switch S si Continuously conducting, IGBT switch S ri The connection remains open.

[0075] Furthermore, the third operating stage of the magnetically isolated drive circuit module is as follows:

[0076] When the half-bridge drive circuit module is in inductor L t When the terminal generates a negative polarity control signal, the inductor L s-2i The input signal is -0.5Vin, and the MOSFET switch S... s-2i All are on, MOSFET switch S s-1i All are through the freewheeling diode D s-1i The circuit is turned on. At this time, the IGBT switch S... si The drive circuit will form two paths: the original charge of capacitor Cgsi is discharged and then charged to -Vin, and the IGBT switch S... si The driving voltage is -Vin, and the IGBT switch S si It changes from being on to being off.

[0077] Meanwhile, inductor L r-1i When a positive input signal of +0.5Vin is sensed at the terminal, the MOSFET switch S... r-1i All are on, MOSFET switch S r-2i All are through the freewheeling diode D r-2i A circuit is formed. At this time, the IGBT switch S ri The drive circuit will form two paths: capacitor Cgri charges to +Vin, and IGBT switch S... ri The drive voltage is +Vin, and the IGBT switch S ri It changes from being disconnected to being connected.

[0078] Furthermore, the fourth operating stage of the magnetically isolated drive circuit module is as follows:

[0079] When the half-bridge drive circuit module is in inductor L t When there is no output signal at the terminal again, the inductor L s-1i Terminal, Inductance L s-2i Terminal, Inductance L r-1i Terminal and inductor L r-2i The induced voltage at both terminals is 0, and the MOSFET switch S... s-1i MOSFET switch S s-2i MOSFET switch S r-1iand MOSFET switch S r-2i Both are disconnected. There is no discharge path for the charge of capacitors Cgsi and Cgri, and the terminal voltages of capacitors Cgsi and Cgri remain unchanged. IGBT switch S... si and IGBT switch S ri The drive voltage remains constant. IGBT switch S si Continuously disconnected, IGBT switch S ri Continuous conduction.

[0080] Furthermore, the IGBT switch S 1i and IGBT switch S 4i All are on, and IGBT switch S 2i and IGBT switch S 3i When both are disconnected, the bipolar pulse source outputs a positive polarity signal.

[0081] The IGBT switch S 2i and IGBT switch S 4i All are on, and IGBT switch S 1i and IGBT switch S 3i When both are disconnected, the bipolar pulse source stops outputting.

[0082] The IGBT switch S 1i and IGBT switch S 4i All are disconnected, and IGBT switch S 2i and IGBT switch S 3i When both are on, the bipolar pulse source outputs a negative polarity signal.

[0083] Furthermore, the pulse output amplitude, pulse width, pulse frequency, and positive and negative pulse interval of the bipolar pulse source output signal are adjustable.

[0084] The technical advantages of this invention are undeniable. This invention proposes a bipolar high-voltage pulse source based on a novel magnetically isolated drive. The drive circuit topology is simple, utilizing core stacking and anti-parallel secondary windings, requiring only two control signals to achieve separate control of the four switches in a dual-Marx type topology. The developed pulse source prototype has an output voltage of 0–±20kV, a pulse width of 3–10μs, a maximum repetition frequency of 200Hz, and flexible adjustable positive and negative polarity pulse intervals. The pulse source adopts a modular design, allowing for the achievement of higher output voltages through module stacking.

[0085] The beneficial effects of this invention include:

[0086] 1. The newly designed magnetic isolation drive circuit replaces the traditional "fiber optic isolation drive + isolation power supply module" solution, which greatly improves the isolation drive capability and significantly increases the output amplitude of the bipolar pulse source.

[0087] 2. The new magnetic isolation drive only requires two drive signals to realize the separate control of four switches in the dual Marx topology, which replaces the traditional solution, reduces the use of components, greatly improves the reliability of the device and reduces the research and development and production costs of the device.

[0088] 3. The pulse output amplitude, pulse width, pulse frequency, and positive and negative pulse spacing of the bipolar pulse source based on novel magnetic isolation drive proposed in this invention are all flexibly adjustable. Attached Figure Description

[0089] Figure 1 The various modules of this invention are as follows;

[0090] Figure 2 This is the main circuit for a bipolar pulse source;

[0091] Figure 3 This is a novel magnetically isolated drive circuit. Figure (a) shows the upper-level Marx circuit with magnetic isolation drive, and Figure (b) shows the lower-level Marx circuit with magnetic isolation drive.

[0092] Figure 4 The timing sequence for driving the half-bridge circuit and S1i, S2i;

[0093] Figure 5 The magnetic isolation drive process of S1i and S2i is shown in Figure (c), which is magnetic isolation drive process I; Figure (d) is magnetic isolation drive process ⅠI; Figure (e) is magnetic isolation drive process ⅠII; and Figure (f) is magnetic isolation drive process ⅠV.

[0094] Figure 6 For high voltage output and the driving timing of S1i, S2i, S3i, S4i;

[0095] Figure 7 The working process of the bipolar pulse source is shown in Figure (g), which shows the positive polarity output of the pulse source (0-t1), Figure (h), which shows the non-polarity output of the pulse source (t1-t2), Figure (i), which shows the negative polarity output of the pulse source (t2-t3), and Figure (j), which shows the non-polarity output of the pulse source (t3-start of the next stage). Detailed Implementation

[0096] The present invention will be further described below with reference to embodiments, but it should not be construed that the scope of the present invention is limited to the following embodiments. Various substitutions and modifications made based on ordinary technical knowledge and common practices in the art without departing from the above-described technical concept of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0097] Example 1:

[0098] See Figures 1 to 7A novel magnetically isolated bipolar pulse source includes: a half-bridge drive circuit module, a magnetically isolated drive circuit module, a bipolar Marx pulse source module, and a load.

[0099] The half-bridge drive circuit module is used to generate bipolar control signals and transmit them to the magnetically isolated drive circuit module.

[0100] The magnetically isolated drive circuit module includes n magnetically isolated drive circuit units.

[0101] After receiving the bipolar control signal, the i-th magnetically isolated drive circuit module generates the corresponding drive signal, i = 1, 2, ..., n.

[0102] The i-th drive signal controls the on and off of each switch in the i-th bipolar Marx pulse generation unit of the bipolar Marx pulse source module, as well as the on and off times.

[0103] The bipolar Marx pulse source module outputs a bipolar voltage signal to the load under the action of the driving signal.

[0104] The bipolar Marx pulse source module includes n cascaded bipolar Marx pulse generating units.

[0105] The circuit topology of the half-bridge drive circuit module is shown below:

[0106] Let the end with the positive terminal of the power supply Vdc be terminal A, and the end with the negative terminal be terminal B. Terminal B is grounded.

[0107] Terminal A is connected to terminal B after being connected in series with capacitors C1 and C2.

[0108] Terminal A is connected in series with the collector of control switch Q1, the emitter of control switch Q1 is connected in series with the collector of control switch Q2, and the emitter of control switch Q2 is connected to terminal B.

[0109] The gates of both control switches Q1 and Q2 are left floating.

[0110] The collector of the control switch Q1 is connected in series with the cathode of the diode D1, and the emitter of the control switch Q1 is connected in series with the anode of the diode D1.

[0111] The collector of the control switch Q2 is connected in series with the cathode of the diode D2, and the emitter of the control switch Q2 is connected in series with the anode of the diode D2.

[0112] The emitter of the control switch Q1 is connected to terminal B in series with inductor L0 and capacitor C2.

[0113] Terminal A is connected to terminal B after being connected in series with capacitors C3 and C4.

[0114] Terminal A is connected in series with the collector of control switch Q3, the emitter of control switch Q3 is connected in series with the collector of control switch Q4, and the emitter of control switch Q4 is connected to terminal B.

[0115] The gates of both control switches Q3 and Q4 are left floating.

[0116] The collector of the control switch Q3 is connected in series with the cathode of the diode D3, and the emitter of the control switch Q3 is connected in series with the anode of the diode D3.

[0117] The collector of the control switch Q4 is connected in series with the cathode of the diode D4, and the emitter of the control switch Q4 is connected in series with the anode of the diode D4.

[0118] The emitter of the control switch Q3 is connected to terminal B in series with inductor L1 and capacitor C4.

[0119] The inductor L t Transmit the signal to inductor L s-1i Inductor L s-2i Inductor L r-1i and inductor L r-2i The signal flows through inductor L s-1i Inductor L s-2i Inductor L r-1i and inductor L r-2i Then, it enters each switching transistor to control the switching transistor to turn on or off, t=x-1, s=2x-1, r=2x, x=1, 2.

[0120] The inductor L0 has 4 turns, and the inductor L 1i and inductor L 2i The number of turns is 4 for each, and the inductance L is four turns. 1i Leading out from the middle, forming two turns of inductance L on each side. 1-1i Inductor L 1-2i Inductor L 2i The same applies to the introduction method.

[0121] The output waveform of the half-bridge circuit L0 generates positive and negative bipolar control signals at inductor L0 through control switches Q1 and Q2, and these signals are then transmitted to inductor L. s-1i Inductor L s-2i Inductor L r-1i and inductor L r-2i To control the conduction of the switch.

[0122] Inductor L s-1i and inductor L s-2i The coil winding is forward-biased, and the inductance L r-1i and inductor L r-2i The coil winding method is reversed.

[0123] The circuit topology of the magnetically isolated drive circuit module is shown below:

[0124] Remember the inductance L s-1i and inductor L s-2i The middle connection point is terminal C, and the inductor is L. s-1i The end where it is located is terminal D, and the inductance is L. s-2i The end where it is located is the E end.

[0125] Note the bidirectional breakdown diode Z si One end is the Gssi end, and the other end is the Essi end.

[0126] The E-terminal series MOSFET switch S s-2i The source of the MOSFET switch S s-2i Gate series resistance R s-2i Then connect to the C terminal.

[0127] The MOSFET switch S s-2i Source series diode D s-2i The anode of diode D s-2i Cathode series MOSFET switch S s-2i The drain electrode.

[0128] The MOSFET switch S s-2i The drain series resistor Rgsi is then connected to the Gssi terminal.

[0129] The MOSFET switch S s-2i The drain capacitor Cgsi is connected in series with the Essi terminal.

[0130] The D-terminal series MOSFET switch S s-1i The source of the MOSFET switch S s-1i Gate series resistance R s-1i Then connect to the C terminal.

[0131] The MOSFET switch S s-1i Source series diode D s-1i The anode of diode D s-1i Cathode series MOSFET switch S s-1i The drain electrode.

[0132] The MOSFET switch S s-1i The drain is connected to the Essi terminal.

[0133] Remember the inductance L r-1i and inductor L r-2i The middle connection is terminal F, and the inductance is L. r-1i The end where it is located is the G terminal, and the inductor is L. r-2i The end where it is located is the H end.

[0134] Note the bidirectional breakdown diode Z ri One end is the Gsri end, and the other end is the Esri end.

[0135] The H-terminal series MOSFET switch S r-2i The source of the MOSFET switch S r-2i Gate series resistance R r-2i Then connect to the F terminal.

[0136] The MOSFET switch S r-2i Source series diode D r-2i The anode of diode D r-2i Cathode series MOSFET switch S r-2i The drain electrode.

[0137] The MOSFET switch S r-2i The drain series resistor Rgri is then connected to the Gsri terminal.

[0138] The MOSFET switch S r-2i The drain capacitor Cgri is connected in series with the Esri terminal.

[0139] The G-terminal series MOSFET switch S r-1i The source of the MOSFET switch S r-1i Gate series resistance R r-1i Then connect to the F terminal.

[0140] The MOSFET switch S r-1i Source series diode D r-1i The anode of diode D r-1i Cathode series MOSFET switch S r-1i The drain electrode.

[0141] The MOSFET switch S r-1i The drain is connected to the Esri terminal.

[0142] The circuit topology of the bipolar Marx pulse source module is shown below:

[0143] Record the DC power supply x The end containing the positive electrode is called terminal I, and the end containing the negative electrode is called terminal J. Terminal J is grounded.

[0144] The series diode D at terminal I x1 The anode of diode D x1 Cathode series capacitor C x1 Then connect to the J end.

[0145] The diode D x1Cathode series IGBT switch S s1 The collector of the IGBT switch S s1 emitter series IGBT switch S r1 The collector of the IGBT switch S r1 The emitter is connected to the J terminal.

[0146] The diode D xi Anode series IGBT switch S sj The collector of the diode D xi Cathode series capacitor C xi Then connected to IGBT switch S sj The emitter, j = i-1 and j > 0.

[0147] The diode D xi Cathode series IGBT switch S si The collector of the IGBT switch S si emitter series IGBT switch S ri The collector of the IGBT switch S ri The emitter is connected to the IGBT switch S sj The emitter.

[0148] The IGBT switch S si and IGBT switch S ri All of them use IGBT switches, and the gates are all left floating.

[0149] The IGBT switch S si collector-series diode D i-s The cathode, IGBT switch S si emitter series diode D i-s The anode.

[0150] The IGBT switch S ri collector-series diode D i-r The cathode, IGBT switch S ri emitter series diode D i-r The anode.

[0151] The IGBT switch S 1n emitter series resistor R load Then connected to IGBT switch S 3n The emitter.

[0152] The Gssi terminal of the magnetically isolated drive circuit module is connected to the IGBT switch S of the bipolar Marx pulse source module. si The gate.

[0153] The Gsri terminal of the magnetically isolated drive circuit module is connected to the IGBT switch S of the bipolar Marx pulse source module. ri The gate.

[0154] The Essi terminal of the magnetically isolated drive circuit module is connected to the IGBT switch S of the bipolar Marx pulse source module. si The emitter.

[0155] The Esri terminal of the magnetically isolated drive circuit module is connected to the IGBT switch S of the bipolar Marx pulse source module. ri The emitter.

[0156] When the inductance L t When the output voltage is Vin, in the inductor L s-1i and inductor L s-2i A voltage of 0.5Vin is induced on both sides, in the inductor L r-1i and inductor L r-2i A voltage of -0.5Vin was induced on each of them.

[0157] The control signals of the control switches Q1, Q2, Q3 and Q4 of the half-bridge drive circuit module are the same. The time when the control switches Q1 and Q2 receive the control signal is t1, and the time when the control switches Q3 and Q4 receive the control signal is t1+Δt, where Δt is the time delay.

[0158] The magnetic isolation drive circuit module includes an upper-level magnetic isolation drive module and a lower-level magnetic isolation drive module.

[0159] When x = 1, the magnetic isolation drive circuit module is the upper-level magnetic isolation drive module.

[0160] When x = 2, the magnetic isolation drive circuit module is the lower-level magnetic isolation drive module.

[0161] The half-bridge drive signals received by the magnetic isolation drive circuit module are the same, and thus the magnetic isolation drive waveforms generated by the upper-level magnetic isolation drive module and the lower-level magnetic isolation drive module are the same.

[0162] Among them, the lower-level magnetic isolation drive waveform has a time delay Δt compared to the upper-level magnetic isolation drive waveform, and the time delay Δt corresponds to the interval between positive and negative pulses.

[0163] The operation of the magnetically isolated drive circuit module includes a first operating stage, a second operating stage, a third operating stage, and a fourth operating stage.

[0164] The first operational phase of the magnetically isolated drive circuit module is as follows:

[0165] When the half-bridge drive circuit module is in inductor L t When the terminal generates a positive polarity control signal Vin, the inductor L s-1i When a positive input signal of +0.5Vin is sensed at the terminal, the MOSFET switch S... s-1i All are on, MOSFET switch S s-2i All are through the freewheeling diode D s-2i The circuit is turned on. At this time, the IGBT switch S... si The drive circuit will form two paths: capacitor Cgsi charges to +Vin, and IGBT switch S... si The gate-emitter voltage is +Vin, and the IGBT switch S si All are conducting.

[0166] Meanwhile, inductor L r-2i The terminal senses a negative input signal of -0.5Vin, and the MOSFET switch S... r-2i All are on, MOSFET switch S r-1i All are through the freewheeling diode D r-1i The circuit is turned on. At this time, the IGBT switch S... ri The drive circuit will form two paths: capacitor Cgri charges to -Vin, and IGBT switch S... ri The driving voltage is -Vin, and the IGBT switch S ri All disconnected.

[0167] The second operational phase of the magnetically isolated drive circuit module is as follows:

[0168] When the half-bridge drive circuit module is in inductor L t When there is no output signal at the terminal, the inductor L s-1i Terminal, Inductance L s-2i Terminal, Inductance L r-1i Terminal and inductor L r-2i There is no input signal at either end. At IGBT switch S... si and IGBT switch S ri In the drive circuit, the MOSFET switch S s-1i MOSFET switch S s-2i MOSFET switch S r-1i and MOSFET switch S r-2i Both are disconnected, and there is no discharge path for the charge of capacitors Cgsi and Cgri; therefore, the drive voltages of capacitors Cgsi and Cgri remain unchanged. IGBT switch S si Continuously conducting, IGBT switch S ri The connection remains open.

[0169] The third operating stage of the magnetically isolated drive circuit module is as follows:

[0170] When the half-bridge drive circuit module is in inductor L t When the terminal generates a negative polarity control signal, the inductor L s-2i The input signal is -0.5Vin, and the MOSFET switch S... s-2i All are on, MOSFET switch S s-1i All are through the freewheeling diode D s-1i The circuit is turned on. At this time, the IGBT switch S... si The drive circuit will form two paths: the original charge of capacitor Cgsi is discharged and then charged to -Vin, and the IGBT switch S... si The driving voltage is -Vin, and the IGBT switch S si It changes from being on to being off.

[0171] Meanwhile, inductor L r-1i When a positive input signal of +0.5Vin is sensed at the terminal, the MOSFET switch S... r-1i All are on, MOSFET switch S r-2i All are through the freewheeling diode D r-2i A circuit is formed. At this time, the IGBT switch S ri The drive circuit will form two paths: capacitor Cgri charges to +Vin, and IGBT switch S... ri The drive voltage is +Vin, and the IGBT switch S ri It changes from being disconnected to being connected.

[0172] The fourth operating stage of the magnetically isolated drive circuit module is as follows:

[0173] When the half-bridge drive circuit module is in inductor L t When there is no output signal at the terminal again, the inductor L s-1i Terminal, Inductance L s-2i Terminal, Inductance L r-1i Terminal and inductor L r-2i The induced voltage at both terminals is 0, and the MOSFET switch S... s-1i MOSFET switch S s-2i MOSFET switch S r-1i and MOSFET switch S r-2i Both are disconnected. There is no discharge path for the charge of capacitors Cgsi and Cgri, and the terminal voltages of capacitors Cgsi and Cgri remain unchanged. IGBT switch S... si and IGBT switch S ri The drive voltage remains constant. IGBT switch S si Continuously disconnected, IGBT switch S ri Continuous conduction.

[0174] The IGBT switch S1i and IGBT switch S 4i All are on, and IGBT switch S 2i and IGBT switch S 3i When both are disconnected, the bipolar pulse source outputs a positive polarity signal.

[0175] The IGBT switch S 2i and IGBT switch S 4i All are on, and IGBT switch S 1i and IGBT switch S 3i When both are disconnected, the bipolar pulse source stops outputting.

[0176] The IGBT switch S 1i and IGBT switch S 4i All are disconnected, and IGBT switch S 2i and IGBT switch S 3i When both are on, the bipolar pulse source outputs a negative polarity signal.

[0177] The output amplitude, pulse width, pulse frequency, and positive and negative pulse interval of the bipolar pulse source are adjustable.

[0178] The pulse source adopts a modular design, and its output amplitude and pulse width can be improved by stacking modules and increasing the value of the energy storage capacitor to achieve higher parameter requirements.

[0179] Example 2:

[0180] See Figures 1 to 7 A novel magnetically isolated bipolar pulse source includes: a half-bridge drive circuit module, a magnetically isolated drive circuit module, a bipolar Marx pulse source module, and a load.

[0181] The half-bridge drive circuit module is used to generate bipolar control signals and transmit them to the magnetically isolated drive circuit module.

[0182] The magnetically isolated drive circuit module includes n magnetically isolated drive circuit units.

[0183] After receiving the bipolar control signal, the i-th magnetically isolated drive circuit module generates the corresponding drive signal, i = 1, 2, ..., n.

[0184] The i-th drive signal controls the on and off of each switch in the i-th bipolar Marx pulse generation unit of the bipolar Marx pulse source module, as well as the on and off times.

[0185] The bipolar Marx pulse source module outputs a bipolar voltage signal to the load under the action of the driving signal.

[0186] The bipolar Marx pulse source module includes n cascaded bipolar Marx pulse generating units.

[0187] The circuit topology of the half-bridge drive circuit module is shown below:

[0188] Let the end with the positive terminal of the power supply Vdc be terminal A, and the end with the negative terminal be terminal B. Terminal B is grounded.

[0189] Terminal A is connected to terminal B after being connected in series with capacitors C1 and C2.

[0190] Terminal A is connected in series with the collector of control switch Q1, the emitter of control switch Q1 is connected in series with the collector of control switch Q2, and the emitter of control switch Q2 is connected to terminal B.

[0191] The gates of both control switches Q1 and Q2 are left floating.

[0192] The collector of the control switch Q1 is connected in series with the cathode of the diode D1, and the emitter of the control switch Q1 is connected in series with the anode of the diode D1.

[0193] The collector of the control switch Q2 is connected in series with the cathode of the diode D2, and the emitter of the control switch Q2 is connected in series with the anode of the diode D2.

[0194] The emitter of the control switch Q1 is connected to terminal B in series with inductor L0 and capacitor C2.

[0195] Terminal A is connected to terminal B after being connected in series with capacitors C3 and C4.

[0196] Terminal A is connected in series with the collector of control switch Q3, the emitter of control switch Q3 is connected in series with the collector of control switch Q4, and the emitter of control switch Q4 is connected to terminal B.

[0197] The gates of both control switches Q3 and Q4 are left floating.

[0198] The collector of the control switch Q3 is connected in series with the cathode of the diode D3, and the emitter of the control switch Q3 is connected in series with the anode of the diode D3.

[0199] The collector of the control switch Q4 is connected in series with the cathode of the diode D4, and the emitter of the control switch Q4 is connected in series with the anode of the diode D4.

[0200] The emitter of the control switch Q3 is connected to terminal B in series with inductor L1 and capacitor C4.

[0201] The inductor L t Transmit the signal to inductor L s-1i Inductor L s-2i Inductor L r-1iand inductor L r-2i The signal flows through inductor L s-1i Inductor L s-2i Inductor L r-1i and inductor L r-2i Then, it enters each switching transistor to control the switching transistor to turn on or off, t=x-1, s=2x-1, r=2x, x=1, 2.

[0202] The inductor L0 has 4 turns, and the inductor L 1i and inductor L 2i The number of turns is 4 for each, and the inductance L is four turns. 1i Leading out from the middle, forming two turns of inductance L on each side. 1-1i Inductor L 1-2i Inductor L 2i The same applies to the introduction method.

[0203] The output waveform of the half-bridge circuit L0 generates positive and negative bipolar control signals at inductor L0 through control switches Q1 and Q2, and these signals are then transmitted to inductor L. s-1i Inductor L s-2i Inductor L r-1i and inductor L r-2i To control the conduction of the switch.

[0204] Inductor L s-1i and inductor L s-2i The coil winding is forward-biased, and the inductance L r-1i and inductor L r-2i The coil winding method is reversed.

[0205] The circuit topology of the magnetically isolated drive circuit module is shown below:

[0206] Remember the inductance L s-1i and inductor L s-2i The middle connection point is terminal C, and the inductor is L. s-1i The end where it is located is terminal D, and the inductance is L. s-2i The end where it is located is the E end.

[0207] Note the bidirectional breakdown diode Z si One end is the Gssi end, and the other end is the Essi end.

[0208] The E-terminal series MOSFET switch S s-2i The source of the MOSFET switch S s-2i Gate series resistance R s-2i Then connect to the C terminal.

[0209] The MOSFET switch S s-2i Source series diode D s-2i The anode of diode D s-2iCathode series MOSFET switch S s-2i The drain electrode.

[0210] The MOSFET switch S s-2i The drain series resistor Rgsi is then connected to the Gssi terminal.

[0211] The MOSFET switch S s-2i The drain capacitor Cgsi is connected in series with the Essi terminal.

[0212] The D-terminal series MOSFET switch S s-1i The source of the MOSFET switch S s-1i Gate series resistance R s-1i Then connect to the C terminal.

[0213] The MOSFET switch S s-1i Source series diode D s-1i The anode of diode D s-1i Cathode series MOSFET switch S s-1i The drain electrode.

[0214] The MOSFET switch S s-1i The drain is connected to the Essi terminal.

[0215] Remember the inductance L r-1i and inductor L r-2i The middle connection is terminal F, and the inductance is L. r-1i The end where it is located is the G terminal, and the inductor is L. r-2i The end where it is located is the H end.

[0216] Note the bidirectional breakdown diode Z ri One end is the Gsri end, and the other end is the Esri end.

[0217] The H-terminal series MOSFET switch S r-2i The source of the MOSFET switch S r-2i Gate series resistance R r-2i Then connect to the F terminal.

[0218] The MOSFET switch S r-2i Source series diode D r-2i The anode of diode D r-2i Cathode series MOSFET switch S r-2i The drain electrode.

[0219] The MOSFET switch S r-2i The drain series resistor Rgri is then connected to the Gsri terminal.

[0220] The MOSFET switch Sr-2i The drain capacitor Cgri is connected in series with the Esri terminal.

[0221] The G-terminal series MOSFET switch S r-1i The source of the MOSFET switch S r-1i Gate series resistance R r-1i Then connect to the F terminal.

[0222] The MOSFET switch S r-1i Source series diode D r-1i The anode of diode D r-1i Cathode series MOSFET switch S r-1i The drain electrode.

[0223] The MOSFET switch S r-1i The drain is connected to the Esri terminal.

[0224] The circuit topology of the bipolar Marx pulse source module is shown below:

[0225] Record the DC power supply x The end containing the positive electrode is called terminal I, and the end containing the negative electrode is called terminal J. Terminal J is grounded.

[0226] The series diode D at terminal I x1 The anode of diode D x1 Cathode series capacitor C x1 Then connect to the J end.

[0227] The diode D x1 Cathode series IGBT switch S s1 The collector of the IGBT switch S s1 emitter series IGBT switch S r1 The collector of the IGBT switch S r1 The emitter is connected to the J terminal.

[0228] The diode D xi Anode series IGBT switch S sj The collector of the diode D xi Cathode series capacitor C xi Then connected to IGBT switch S sj The emitter, j = i-1 and j > 0.

[0229] The diode D xi Cathode series IGBT switch S si The collector of the IGBT switch S si emitter series IGBT switch S ri The collector of the IGBT switch S riThe emitter is connected to the IGBT switch S sj The emitter.

[0230] The IGBT switch S si and IGBT switch S ri All of them use IGBT switches, and the gates are all left floating.

[0231] The IGBT switch S si collector-series diode D i-s The cathode, IGBT switch S si emitter series diode D i-s The anode.

[0232] The IGBT switch S ri collector-series diode D i-r The cathode, IGBT switch S ri emitter series diode D i-r The anode.

[0233] The IGBT switch S 1n emitter series resistor R load Then connected to IGBT switch S 3n The emitter.

[0234] The Gssi terminal of the magnetically isolated drive circuit module is connected to the IGBT switch S of the bipolar Marx pulse source module. si The gate.

[0235] The Gsri terminal of the magnetically isolated drive circuit module is connected to the IGBT switch S of the bipolar Marx pulse source module. ri The gate.

[0236] The Essi terminal of the magnetically isolated drive circuit module is connected to the IGBT switch S of the bipolar Marx pulse source module. si The emitter.

[0237] The Esri terminal of the magnetically isolated drive circuit module is connected to the IGBT switch S of the bipolar Marx pulse source module. ri The emitter.

[0238] Example 3:

[0239] A novel bipolar pulse source based on magnetic isolation drive, as shown in Example 2, is described when the inductor L... t When the output voltage is Vin, in the inductor L s-1i and inductor L s-2i A voltage of 0.5Vin is induced on both sides, in the inductor L r-1i and inductor L r-2iA voltage of -0.5Vin was induced on each of them.

[0240] Example 4:

[0241] A bipolar pulse source based on a novel magnetically isolated drive is described in Embodiment 2. The control signals of the control switches Q1, Q2, Q3, and Q4 of the half-bridge drive circuit module are the same. The time when control switches Q1 and Q2 receive the control signal is denoted as t1, and the time when control switches Q3 and Q4 receive the control signal is denoted as t1+Δt, where Δt is the time delay.

[0242] The magnetic isolation drive circuit module includes an upper-level magnetic isolation drive module and a lower-level magnetic isolation drive module.

[0243] When x = 1, the magnetic isolation drive circuit module is the upper-level magnetic isolation drive module.

[0244] When x = 2, the magnetic isolation drive circuit module is the lower-level magnetic isolation drive module.

[0245] The half-bridge drive signals received by the magnetic isolation drive circuit module are the same, and thus the magnetic isolation drive waveforms generated by the upper-level magnetic isolation drive module and the lower-level magnetic isolation drive module are the same.

[0246] Among them, the lower-level magnetic isolation drive waveform has a time delay Δt compared to the upper-level magnetic isolation drive waveform, and the time delay Δt corresponds to the interval between positive and negative pulses.

[0247] Example 5:

[0248] A bipolar pulse source based on a novel magnetically isolated drive is described in Embodiment 2. The working stages of the magnetically isolated drive circuit module include a first working stage, a second working stage, a third working stage, and a fourth working stage.

[0249] Example 6:

[0250] A bipolar pulse source based on a novel magnetically isolated drive is described in Embodiment 5. The first operating stage of the magnetically isolated drive circuit module is as follows:

[0251] When the half-bridge drive circuit module is in inductor L t When the terminal generates a positive polarity control signal Vin, the inductor L s-1i When a positive input signal of +0.5Vin is sensed at the terminal, the MOSFET switch S... s-1i All are on, MOSFET switch S s-2i All are through the freewheeling diode D s-2i The circuit is turned on. At this time, the IGBT switch S... siThe drive circuit will form two paths: capacitor Cgsi charges to +Vin, and IGBT switch S... si The gate-emitter voltage is +Vin, and the IGBT switch S si All are conducting.

[0252] Meanwhile, inductor L r-2i The terminal senses a negative input signal of -0.5Vin, and the MOSFET switch S... r-2i All are on, MOSFET switch S r-1i All are through the freewheeling diode D r-1i The circuit is turned on. At this time, the IGBT switch S... ri The drive circuit will form two paths: capacitor Cgri charges to -Vin, and IGBT switch S... ri The driving voltage is -Vin, and the IGBT switch S ri All disconnected.

[0253] Example 7:

[0254] A bipolar pulse source based on a novel magnetically isolated drive, as shown in Embodiment 5, is described below in its second operating stage:

[0255] When the half-bridge drive circuit module is in inductor L t When there is no output signal at the terminal, the inductor L s-1i Terminal, Inductance L s-2i Terminal, Inductance L r-1i Terminal and inductor L r-2i There is no input signal at either end. At IGBT switch S... si and IGBT switch S ri In the drive circuit, the MOSFET switch S s-1i MOSFET switch S s-2i MOSFET switch S r-1i and MOSFET switch S r-2i Both are disconnected, and there is no discharge path for the charge of capacitors Cgsi and Cgri; therefore, the drive voltages of capacitors Cgsi and Cgri remain unchanged. IGBT switch S si Continuously conducting, IGBT switch S ri The connection remains open.

[0256] Example 8:

[0257] A novel bipolar pulse source based on magnetic isolation drive is described in Embodiment 5. The third operating stage of the magnetic isolation drive circuit module is as follows:

[0258] When the half-bridge drive circuit module is in inductor L t When the terminal generates a negative polarity control signal, the inductor L s-2iThe input signal is -0.5Vin, and the MOSFET switch S... s-2i All are on, MOSFET switch S s-1i All are through the freewheeling diode D s-1i The circuit is turned on. At this time, the IGBT switch S... si The drive circuit will form two paths: the original charge of capacitor Cgsi is discharged and then charged to -Vin, and the IGBT switch S... si The driving voltage is -Vin, and the IGBT switch S si It changes from being on to being off.

[0259] Meanwhile, inductor L r-1i When a positive input signal of +0.5Vin is sensed at the terminal, the MOSFET switch S... r-1i All are on, MOSFET switch S r-2i All are through the freewheeling diode D r-2i A circuit is formed. At this time, the IGBT switch S ri The drive circuit will form two paths: capacitor Cgri charges to +Vin, and IGBT switch S... ri The drive voltage is +Vin, and the IGBT switch S ri It changes from being disconnected to being connected.

[0260] Example 9:

[0261] A novel bipolar pulse source based on magnetic isolation drive is described in Embodiment 5. The fourth operating stage of the magnetic isolation drive circuit module is as follows:

[0262] When the half-bridge drive circuit module is in inductor L t When there is no output signal at the terminal again, the inductor L s-1i Terminal, Inductance L s-2i Terminal, Inductance L r-1i Terminal and inductor L r-2i The induced voltage at both terminals is 0, and the MOSFET switch S... s-1i MOSFET switch S s-2i MOSFET switch S r-1i and MOSFET switch S r-2i Both are disconnected. There is no discharge path for the charge of capacitors Cgsi and Cgri, and the terminal voltages of capacitors Cgsi and Cgri remain unchanged. IGBT switch S... si and IGBT switch S ri The drive voltage remains constant. IGBT switch S si Continuously disconnected, IGBT switch S ri Continuous conduction.

[0263] Example 10:

[0264] A novel magnetically isolated bipolar pulse source, as described in Embodiment 2, is used, wherein the IGBT switch S... 1i and IGBT switch S 4i All are on, and IGBT switch S 2i and IGBT switch S 3i When both are disconnected, the bipolar pulse source outputs a positive polarity signal.

[0265] The IGBT switch S 2i and IGBT switch S 4i All are on, and IGBT switch S 1i and IGBT switch S 3i When both are disconnected, the bipolar pulse source stops outputting.

[0266] The IGBT switch S 1i and IGBT switch S 4i All are disconnected, and IGBT switch S 2i and IGBT switch S 3i When both are on, the bipolar pulse source outputs a negative polarity signal.

[0267] Example 11:

[0268] A novel magnetically isolated bipolar pulse source, as described in Embodiment 2, is provided. The pulse output amplitude, pulse width, pulse frequency, and positive and negative pulse interval of the output signal of the bipolar pulse source are adjustable.

[0269] The pulse source adopts a modular design, and its output amplitude and pulse width can be improved by stacking modules and increasing the value of the energy storage capacitor to achieve higher parameter requirements.

[0270] Example 12:

[0271] A novel magnetically isolated bipolar pulse source, comprising: the various modular components of this invention patent, as follows: Figure 1 As shown. The main circuit of the bipolar pulse source is as follows. Figure 2 As shown. Figure 3 The designed magnetically isolated drive circuit has a half-bridge drive circuit on the left, which generates positive and negative bipolar control signals and transmits them to the middle magnetically isolated drive circuit through the magnetic core. The magnetically isolated drive circuit generates corresponding drive signals to drive the switches S at each stage of the dual Marx type pulse source. 1i ,S 2i ,S 3i ,S 4i (i = 1, 2, ..., n).

[0272] Figure 4The upper part shows the output waveform of the half-bridge circuit L0. Control switches Q1 and Q2 generate positive and negative bipolar control signals in inductor L0, which are then transmitted to the secondary side L of the magnetic core. 1i L 2i To control S 1-1i ,S 1-2i The conduction of S. 1-1i ,S 1-2i The MOSFET is easier to drive, so it can be driven with a lower voltage. In contrast, the switches S1i in the bipolar pulse source main circuit are IGBTs, which require higher driving capabilities and thus higher driving voltages. 1i For inductance, L 2i It is an inductor. L0 has 4 turns, L 1i and L 2i The number of turns is 4, and the four-turn L 1i Leading out from the middle, forming two turns of L. 1-1i L 1-2i L 2i The extraction method is the same. Therefore, the output voltage of L0 is V. in At that time, in inductor L 1-1i L 1-2i Upper induction 0.5V in In inductor L 2-1i L 2-2i -0.5V was sensed. in The above principle corresponds to Figure 4 The corresponding waveform in the lower half.

[0273] The working process of the upper-level magnetically isolated drive circuit is divided into: Figure 4 The four processes: I, II, III, and IV.

[0274] The process is as follows: The half-bridge control circuit generates a positive control signal at terminal L0, L... 1-1i The same-name terminal senses a positive polarity input of +0.5V. in S 1-1i Natural conduction, S 1-2i The circuit is turned on by the freewheeling diode. Therefore, the main switch drive circuit will form two paths, C g1i Charged to +V in S 1i The gate-emitter voltage is +V in S 1i Conduction is initiated. Meanwhile, L... 2-2i The terminal senses a negative polarity signal of -0.5V. in S 2-2i Natural conduction, S 2-1i A path is formed through a freewheeling diode. Therefore, S 2i The driving circuit will form two paths, C g2i Charged to -Vin S 2i The driving voltage is -V in S 2i Close. The running process is as follows: Figure 5 As shown in (c).

[0275] II. The process is as follows: When there is no output signal at L0, L 1-1i L 1-2i L 2-1i L 2-2i There is no input signal at the terminal. Switch S 1i and S 2i In the driving circuit, S 1-1i S 1-2i S 2-1i S 2-2i Close, C g1i C g2i The charge has no discharge path, and the driving voltage remains constant. S 1i Continuous conduction, S 2i Stay off. The operating process is as follows: Figure 5 As shown in (d).

[0276] The process is as follows: When the negative polarity control signal arrives at L0 terminal, L... 1-2i Terminal input -0.5V in S 1-2i Natural conduction, S 1-1i The circuit is turned on by the freewheeling diode. Therefore, the main switch drive circuit will form two paths, C g1i After the original charge is discharged, it is charged to -V in S 1i The driving voltage is -V in S 1i It changes from the on state to the off state. At the same time, L 2-1i A positive polarity signal of +0.5V is sensed at the terminal. in S 2-1i Natural conduction, S 2-2i A path is formed through a freewheeling diode. Therefore, S 2i The driving circuit will form two paths, C g2i Charged to +V in S 2n The driving voltage is +V in S 2n Change from off to on. Operating mode as follows: Figure 5 As shown in (e).

[0277] The process in mode IV is as follows: Similar to mode II, in mode IV, there is no signal output at L0 again, L 1-1i L 1-2i， L 2-1i L2-2i The induced voltage at the terminal is 0, S 1-1i S 1-2i S 2-1i S 2-2i Close. C g1i C g2ni With no discharge path for the charge, its terminal voltage remains constant, S 1i, S 2n The driving voltage remains constant. S 1i S remains closed. 2i Continuously connected. Operating mode as follows: Figure 5 As shown in (f).

[0278] The lower-level magnetically isolated half-bridge module is identical to the upper-level one. The control signals for switches Q3 and Q4 are the same, with only a slight delay compared to Q1 and Q2. Therefore, the lower-level Marx switch S... 3i S 4i The magnetic isolation drive waveform is also similar to that of the upper-level Marx switch S. 1i S 2i The consistency is achieved by applying a certain delay to the higher-level input. This delay corresponds to the interval between positive and negative pulses. In summary, the S-wave of the switch... 1i ,S 2i ,S 3i ,S 4i The driving waveform and high-voltage bipolar pulse output, such as Figure 6 As shown.

[0279] exist Figure 6 At time 0-t1, switch S 1i ,S 4i On, S 2i ,S 3i When shut down, the working process of the bipolar pulse source is as follows: Figure 7 As shown in (g).

[0280] exist Figure 6 At time t1-t2, switch S 2i ,S 4i On, S 1i ,S 3i When shut down, the bipolar pulse source stops outputting; its operation is as follows: Figure 7 As shown in (h).

[0281] exist Figure 6 At time t2-t3, switch S 2i ,S 3i On, S 1i ,S 4i When shut down, the bipolar pulse source stops outputting; its operation is as follows: Figure 7 As shown in (i).

[0282] exist Figure 6 At time t3 - the next cycle's 0, switch S 2i ,S 4i On, S 1i ,S 3i When shut down, the bipolar pulse source stops outputting; its operating process is the same as... Figure 7 (h) is the same as, as Figure 7 As shown in (j).

[0283] In summary, to address the challenge of achieving high-amplitude output due to the limitation of isolated drive in traditional bipolar pulse sources, a bipolar Marx pulse source based on magnetic isolation drive was developed. The pulse source's output voltage, pulse width, pulse frequency, and positive / negative pulse interval are flexibly adjustable. The pulse source adopts a modular design, and its output amplitude and pulse width can be adjusted to achieve higher parameter requirements by stacking modules and increasing the energy storage capacitor value, respectively.

Claims

1. A bipolar pulse source based on novel magnetically isolated drive, characterized in that, include: Half-bridge drive circuit module, magnetically isolated drive circuit module, bipolar Marx pulse source module, and load; The half-bridge drive circuit module is used to generate bipolar control signals and transmit them to the magnetically isolated drive circuit module. The magnetically isolated drive circuit module includes n magnetically isolated drive circuit units; After receiving the bipolar control signal, the i-th magnetically isolated drive circuit module generates the corresponding drive signal, i = 1, 2, ..., n; The i-th drive signal controls the on and off of each switch in the i-th bipolar Marx pulse generation unit of the bipolar Marx pulse source module, as well as the on and off times; The bipolar Marx pulse source module outputs a bipolar voltage signal to the load under the action of the driving signal; The bipolar Marx pulse source module includes n cascaded bipolar Marx pulse generating units; The circuit topology of the half-bridge drive circuit module is shown below: Let the end with the positive terminal of the power supply Vdc be terminal A, and the end with the negative terminal be terminal B. Terminal B is grounded. The capacitor C1 and capacitor C2 are connected in series at end A and then connected to end B. Terminal A is connected in series with the collector of control switch Q1, the emitter of control switch Q1 is connected in series with the collector of control switch Q2, and the emitter of control switch Q2 is connected to terminal B. The gates of both control switches Q1 and Q2 are left floating. The collector of the control switch Q1 is connected in series with the cathode of the diode D1, and the emitter of the control switch Q1 is connected in series with the anode of the diode D1. The collector of the control switch Q2 is connected in series with the cathode of the diode D2, and the emitter of the control switch Q2 is connected in series with the anode of the diode D2. The emitter of the control switch Q1 is connected to terminal B in series with inductor L0 and capacitor C2. The capacitor C3 and capacitor C4 are connected in series at end A and then connected to end B. Terminal A is connected in series with the collector of control switch Q3, the emitter of control switch Q3 is connected in series with the collector of control switch Q4, and the emitter of control switch Q4 is connected to terminal B. The gates of both control switches Q3 and Q4 are left floating. The collector of the control switch Q3 is connected in series with the cathode of the diode D3, and the emitter of the control switch Q3 is connected in series with the anode of the diode D3. The collector of the control switch Q4 is connected in series with the cathode of the diode D4, and the emitter of the control switch Q4 is connected in series with the anode of the diode D4. The emitter of the control switch Q3 is connected to terminal B in series with inductor L1 and capacitor C4. Inductor L t The signal is transmitted to inductor L. s-1i Inductor L s-2i Inductor L r-1i and inductor L r-2i The signal flows through inductor L s-1i Inductor L s-2i Inductor L r-1i and inductor L r-2i Then, it enters each switching transistor to control the switching transistor to turn on or off, t=x-1, s=2x-1, r=2x, x=1,2; Inductor L s-1i and inductor L s-2i The coil winding is forward-biased, and the inductance L r-1i and inductor L r-2i The coil winding method is reversed; The circuit topology of the magnetically isolated drive circuit module is shown below: Remember the inductance L s-1i and inductor L s-2i The middle connection point is terminal C, and the inductor is L. s-1i The end where it is located is terminal D, and the inductance is L. s-2i The end where it is located is the E end; Note the bidirectional breakdown diode Z si One end is the Gssi end, and the other end is the Essi end; The E-terminal series MOSFET switch S s-2i The source of the MOSFET switch S s-2i Gate series resistance R s-2i Then connect to the C terminal; The MOSFET switch S s-2i Source series diode D s-2i The anode of diode D s-2i Cathode series MOSFET switch S s-2i The drain electrode; The MOSFET switch S s-2i The drain series resistor Rgsi is then connected to the Gssi terminal; The MOSFET switch S s-2i The drain capacitor Cgsi is connected in series with the Essi terminal; The D-terminal series MOSFET switch S s-1i The source of the MOSFET switch S s-1i Gate series resistance R s-1i Then connect to the C terminal; The MOSFET switch S s-1i Source series diode D s-1i The anode of diode D s-1i Cathode series MOSFET switch S s-1i The drain electrode; The MOSFET switch S s-1i The drain is connected to the Essi terminal; Remember the inductance L r-1i and inductor L r-2i The middle connection is terminal F, and the inductance is L. r-1i The end where it is located is the G terminal, and the inductor is L. r-2i The end where it is located is the H end; Note the bidirectional breakdown diode Z ri One end is the Gsri end, and the other end is the Esri end; The H-terminal series MOSFET switch S r-2i The source of the MOSFET switch S r-2i Gate series resistance R r-2i Connect to terminal F; The MOSFET switch S r-2i Source series diode D r-2i The anode of diode D r-2i Cathode series MOSFET switch S r-2i The drain electrode; The MOSFET switch S r-2i The drain series resistor Rgri is then connected to the Gsri terminal; The MOSFET switch S r-2i The drain capacitor Cgri is connected in series with the Esri terminal. The G-terminal series MOSFET switch S r-1i The source of the MOSFET switch S r-1i Gate series resistance R r-1i Connect to terminal F; The MOSFET switch S r-1i Source series diode D r-1i The anode of diode D r-1i Cathode series MOSFET switch S r-1i The drain electrode; The MOSFET switch S r-1i The drain is connected to the Esri terminal; The circuit topology of the bipolar Marx pulse source module is shown below: Record the DC power supply x The end containing the positive terminal is called terminal I, and the end containing the negative terminal is called terminal J. Terminal J is grounded. The series diode D at terminal I x1 The anode of diode D x1 Cathode series capacitor C x1 Then connect to the J end; The diode D x1 Cathode series IGBT switch S s1 The collector of the IGBT switch S s1 emitter-series IGBT switch S r1 The collector of the IGBT switch S r1 The emitter is connected to the J terminal; Diode D xi Anode series IGBT switch S sj The collector of the diode D xi Cathode series capacitor C xi Then connected to IGBT switch S sj The emitter, j = i-1 and j > 0; The diode D xi Cathode series IGBT switch S si The collector of the IGBT switch S si emitter-series IGBT switch S ri The collector of the IGBT switch S ri The emitter is connected to the IGBT switch S sj The emitter; The IGBT switch S si and IGBT switch S ri All use IGBT switches, and the gates of all are left floating; The IGBT switch S si collector series diode D i-s The cathode, IGBT switch S si emitter series diode D i-s anode; The IGBT switch S ri collector series diode D i-r The cathode, IGBT switch S ri emitter series diode D i-r anode; The IGBT switch S 1n emitter series resistor R load Then connected to IGBT switch S 3n The emitter; The Gssi terminal of the magnetically isolated drive circuit module is connected to the IGBT switch S of the bipolar Marx pulse source module. si The gate; The Gsri terminal of the magnetically isolated drive circuit module is connected to the IGBT switch S of the bipolar Marx pulse source module. ri The gate; The Essi terminal of the magnetically isolated drive circuit module is connected to the IGBT switch S of the bipolar Marx pulse source module. si The emitter; The Esri terminal of the magnetically isolated drive circuit module is connected to the IGBT switch S of the bipolar Marx pulse source module. ri The emitter.

2. The bipolar pulse source based on a novel magnetically isolated drive according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the inductance L t When the output voltage is Vin, in the inductor L s-1i and inductor L s-2i A voltage of 0.5Vin is induced on both sides, in the inductor L r-1i and inductor L r-2i A voltage of -0.5Vin was induced on each of them.

3. A bipolar pulse source based on a novel magnetically isolated drive according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control signals of the control switches Q1, Q2, Q3 and Q4 of the half-bridge drive circuit module are the same. The time when the control switches Q1 and Q2 receive the control signal is t1, and the time when the control switches Q3 and Q4 receive the control signal is t1+Δt, where Δt is the time delay. The magnetic isolation drive circuit module includes an upper-level magnetic isolation drive module and a lower-level magnetic isolation drive module; When x = 1, the magnetic isolation drive circuit module is the upper-level magnetic isolation drive module; When x = 2, the magnetic isolation drive circuit module is the lower-level magnetic isolation drive module; The half-bridge drive signals received by the magnetic isolation drive circuit module are the same, and thus the magnetic isolation drive waveforms generated by the upper-level magnetic isolation drive module and the lower-level magnetic isolation drive module are the same. Among them, the lower-level magnetic isolation drive waveform has a time delay Δt compared to the upper-level magnetic isolation drive waveform, and the time delay Δt corresponds to the interval between positive and negative pulses.

4. A bipolar pulse source based on a novel magnetically isolated drive according to claim 3, characterized in that, The operation of the magnetically isolated drive circuit module includes a first operating stage, a second operating stage, a third operating stage, and a fourth operating stage.

5. A bipolar pulse source based on a novel magnetically isolated drive according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first operational phase of the magnetically isolated drive circuit module is as follows: When the half-bridge drive circuit module is in inductor L t When the terminal generates a positive polarity control signal Vin, the inductor L s-1i When a positive input signal of +0.5Vin is sensed at the terminal, the MOSFET switch S... s-1i All are on, MOSFET switch S s-2i All are through the freewheeling diode D s-2i On; at this time, IGBT switch S si The drive circuit will form two paths: capacitor Cgsi charges to +Vin, and IGBT switch S... si The gate-emitter voltage is +Vin, and the IGBT switch S si All are conducting; Meanwhile, inductor L r-2i The terminal senses a negative input signal of -0.5Vin, and the MOSFET switch S... r-2i All are on, MOSFET switch S r-1i All are through the freewheeling diode D r-1i On; at this time, IGBT switch S ri The drive circuit will form two paths: capacitor Cgri charges to -Vin, and IGBT switch S... ri The driving voltage is -Vin, and the IGBT switch S ri All disconnected.

6. A bipolar pulse source based on a novel magnetically isolated drive according to claim 4, characterized in that, The second operational phase of the magnetically isolated drive circuit module is as follows: When the half-bridge drive circuit module is in inductor L t When there is no output signal at the terminal, the inductor L s-1i Terminal, Inductance L s-2i Terminal, Inductance L r-1i Terminal and inductor L r-2i There is no input signal at either end; at IGBT switch S si and IGBT switch S ri In the drive circuit, the MOSFET switch S s-1i MOSFET switch S s-2i MOSFET switch S r-1i and MOSFET switch S r-2i Both are disconnected, and there is no discharge path for the charge of capacitors Cgsi and Cgri; the drive voltages of capacitors Cgsi and Cgri remain unchanged; IGBT switch S si Continuously conducting, IGBT switch S ri The connection remains open.

7. A bipolar pulse source based on a novel magnetically isolated drive according to claim 4, characterized in that, The third operating stage of the magnetically isolated drive circuit module is as follows: When the half-bridge drive circuit module is in inductor L t When the terminal generates a negative polarity control signal, the inductor L s-2i The input signal is -0.5Vin, and the MOSFET switch S... s-2i All are on, MOSFET switch S s-1i All are through the freewheeling diode D s-1i On; at this time, IGBT switch S si The drive circuit will form two paths: the original charge of capacitor Cgsi is discharged and then charged to -Vin, and the IGBT switch S... si The driving voltage is -Vin, and the IGBT switch S si The state changes from on to off; Meanwhile, inductor L r-1i When a positive input signal of +0.5Vin is sensed at the terminal, the MOSFET switch S... r-1i All are on, MOSFET switch S r-2i All are through the freewheeling diode D r-2i A circuit is formed; at this time, the IGBT switch S ri The drive circuit will form two paths: capacitor Cgri charges to +Vin, and IGBT switch S... ri The drive voltage is +Vin, and the IGBT switch S ri It changes from being disconnected to being connected.

8. A bipolar pulse source based on a novel magnetically isolated drive according to claim 4, characterized in that, The fourth operating stage of the magnetically isolated drive circuit module is as follows: When the half-bridge drive circuit module is in inductor L t When there is no output signal at the terminal again, the inductor L s-1i Terminal, Inductance L s-2i Terminal, Inductance L r-1i Terminal and inductor L r-2i The induced voltage at both terminals is 0, and the MOSFET switch S... s-1i MOSFET switch S s-2i MOSFET switch S r-1i and MOSFET switch S r-2i Both are disconnected; there is no discharge path for the charge of capacitors Cgsi and Cgri, and the terminal voltages of capacitors Cgsi and Cgri remain unchanged. IGBT switch S si and IGBT switch S ri The drive voltage remains constant; IGBT switch S si Continuously disconnected, IGBT switch S ri Continuous conduction.

9. A bipolar pulse source based on a novel magnetically isolated drive according to claim 1, characterized in that, IGBT switch S 1i and IGBT switch S 4i All are on, and IGBT switch S 2i and IGBT switch S 3i When both are disconnected, the bipolar pulse source outputs a positive polarity signal; The IGBT switch S 2i and IGBT switch S 4i All are on, and IGBT switch S 1i and IGBT switch S 3i When both are disconnected, the bipolar pulse source stops outputting; The IGBT switch S 1i and IGBT switch S 4i All are disconnected, and IGBT switch S 2i and IGBT switch S 3i When both are on, the bipolar pulse source outputs a negative polarity signal.

10. A bipolar pulse source based on a novel magnetically isolated drive according to claim 1, characterized in that, The output amplitude, pulse width, pulse frequency, and positive and negative pulse interval of the bipolar pulse source are adjustable.

Images