Construction method of large-span prestressed prefabricated structure for the throat area cover of a vehicle depot

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of prefabricated building construction, and discloses a construction method for a large-span prestressed prefabricated structure of a throat area cover plate of a vehicle depot. The column grid of the present invention includes multiple transverse column rows, and the transverse column rows include multiple columns arranged in the transverse direction. Therefore, the prefabricated crossbeams only need to be provided with several components of different standards according to different spans. The multiple transverse column rows are equidistantly arranged in the longitudinal direction, so the prefabricated box beams can adopt the same standard components, and the number of components is small. By eliminating the longitudinal plane oblique frame beams formed due to the irregular longitudinal column positions and adopting equal-span prefabricated box beam standard components for uniform laying, the standardization of prefabricated components under the non-standard column grid of the throat area cover plate can be achieved, and the traditional composite beam-slab system can also be replaced, thereby greatly reducing the number of prefabricated components and their nodes, and effectively improving construction efficiency. The entire structural system adopts a shelving connection, and no templates and supports are required throughout the process. The installation and positioning are fast, the construction process is simple, the construction efficiency is high, and the bottom is flat and beautiful after the construction is completed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of prefabricated building construction, and in particular to a construction method for a large-span prestressed prefabricated structure of a vehicle depot throat area cover plate. Background Art

[0002] The lower part of the throat area cover of the vehicle depot is the turnout area where subway trains enter and exit the depot, and the upper part is the upper property development platform. The cover separates the vehicle base from the upper property development platform. The column grid layout of the throat area of ​​the vehicle depot is as follows: Figure 1 As shown in the figure, the track curvature in this area is large, the tracks are dense, the column grid on the cover is irregularly arranged and has a large span. The construction period of the subway depot is generally tight. In order to ensure the subway line is opened on time and improve the economic value of the project, the depot cover can adopt an assembled structure to achieve cross-synchronous construction of the cover and the bottom cover, thereby improving construction efficiency.

[0003] Prefabricated structures are concrete structures assembled or connected using prefabricated components as the primary load-bearing members. Existing prefabricated structures often consist of a two-way frame system consisting of cast-in-place or prefabricated columns, prefabricated primary and secondary beams, and composite slabs. The capitals of cast-in-place or prefabricated columns often have pre-reserved interfaces for steel or embedded parts. After the main beam is connected to the column using these pre-reserved interfaces, the beam-column joint area is cast in-place to ensure connection strength. After the secondary beam is connected to the main beam using a similar method, the composite slab can be laid between the primary and secondary beams. Once laid, the top surface is poured to complete the assembly process.

[0004] The existing prefabricated structural system is constrained by conditions such as component standardization, and has high requirements for the regularity of the column grid. Furthermore, most of the existing prefabricated structural components are ordinary concrete components, which have certain span restrictions and a large number of components and nodes. They are not suitable for large spans and have low assembly efficiency. The upper cover column grid in the throat area of ​​the vehicle depot is irregularly arranged and has a large span. Therefore, the existing prefabricated structural system obviously cannot meet the prefabrication needs of the throat area of ​​the vehicle depot. In addition, the existing prefabricated structural system has local cast-in-place and requires the use of formwork and support, which makes construction difficult and inefficient. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a construction method for a large-span prestressed assembled structure of a throat area cover plate of a vehicle section with irregular column grid arrangement and large span.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a construction method for a large-span prestressed assembled structure of a vehicle depot throat area cover plate, comprising the following steps:

[0007] S1: Determine the layout of the column grid according to the track layout position of the throat area of ​​the vehicle depot, wherein the column grid includes a plurality of transverse column rows, each of which includes a plurality of columns arranged in a transverse direction. The plurality of transverse column rows are arranged in a longitudinal direction, and the spacing between two adjacent transverse column rows is equal;

[0008] S2: Casting the column according to the arrangement position of the column grid, providing a corbel platform on the top of the column, providing a pedestal on the top of the corbel platform, and forming a splicing area with the corbel platforms on both sides of the pedestal;

[0009] S3: placing a plurality of prefabricated beams between two laterally adjacent columns, with ends of the prefabricated beams resting on the splicing area, and connecting the prefabricated beams and the columns into a whole, wherein the prefabricated beams are prestressed components and have ears on their sides;

[0010] S4: placing a plurality of prefabricated box beams between two adjacent rows of transverse columns, with the ends of the prefabricated box beams resting on the cantilever ears or the pedestals, and connecting the prefabricated box beams and the prefabricated cross beams or the columns into a whole. The prefabricated box beams are prestressed components, and two sides of the prefabricated box beams are respectively provided with extended joints, and two adjacent transverse joints are joined together;

[0011] S5: pouring concrete in the gap between two transversely adjacent precast cross beams and the gap between two transversely adjacent precast box beams, and then pouring a superimposed layer on top of the precast box beams to complete the connection of one layer of prefabricated structure.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the prefabricated crossbeam includes a T-shaped crossbeam and a Z-shaped crossbeam, the bottom of both sides of the T-shaped crossbeam are respectively provided with the cantilever ears, the bottom of one side of the Z-shaped crossbeam is provided with the cantilever ear, and the top of the other side of the Z-shaped crossbeam is provided with a docking cantilever ear, the Z-shaped crossbeam is arranged on the first or last column of the transverse column, the cantilever ear of the Z-shaped crossbeam is located on the side close to the adjacent transverse column, and the T-shaped crossbeam is arranged on the remaining transverse column columns.

[0013] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the end face of the ear is fitted and connected to the side of the pedestal, the pedestal connected to the ear of the Z-shaped beam is arranged on one side of the longitudinal direction of the corbel platform, and the pedestal connected to the ear of the T-shaped beam is respectively arranged on both sides of the longitudinal direction of the corbel platform.

[0014] As a preferred solution of the present invention, a plurality of first shear keys are respectively provided at both ends and both longitudinal sides of the T-shaped crossbeam.

[0015] As a preferred solution of the present invention, a plurality of second shear keys are respectively provided at both ends of the Z-shaped crossbeam and at the side thereof where the cantilever ear is provided.

[0016] As a preferred solution of the present invention, a plurality of third shear keys are respectively provided at both ends of the prefabricated box beam.

[0017] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the shape of the end portion of the prefabricated beam is adapted to the shape of the splicing area.

[0018] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the laminated layer is provided with column heads corresponding to the positions of the respective columns.

[0019] As a preferred solution of the present invention, after S5, S2-S5 are repeated to construct a multi-layer prefabricated structure based on a single-layer prefabricated structure.

[0020] The embodiment of the present invention provides a construction method for a large-span prestressed prefabricated structure of a vehicle depot throat area cover plate. Compared with the prior art, its beneficial effects are: the column grid of the present invention includes multiple transverse column rows, and the transverse column rows include multiple columns arranged in the transverse direction, and the multiple transverse column rows are arranged at equal intervals in the longitudinal direction. By eliminating the plane oblique frame beams between adjacent irregular longitudinal columns, the prefabricated beams only need to set up several different standard components according to the span, and the prefabricated box beams use the same standard components, thereby realizing the standardization of prefabricated components in the case of irregular throat area cover plate column grid, and effectively solving the problem that the throat area of ​​the vehicle depot is not suitable for prefabricated type; the entire structural system can replace the traditional composite beam-slab system, and both the prefabricated transverse beams and the prefabricated box beams can adopt prestressed technology, which increases the applicable span of the components, greatly reduces the number of prefabricated components and their nodes, and effectively improves construction efficiency; the entire structural system adopts a shelving connection, and does not require templates and supports throughout the process, with fast installation and positioning, simple construction process, high construction efficiency, and a flat and beautiful bottom after construction is completed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 This is the column grid layout diagram of the existing vehicle depot throat area;

[0022] Figure 2 It is a layout diagram of the column grid of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 It is a structural diagram of the column of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 It is a structural diagram of the T-shaped crossbeam of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 It is a structural diagram of the Z-shaped crossbeam of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 It is a structural diagram of the prefabricated box girder of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 7 This is a structural diagram of the present invention after the column is cast;

[0028] Figure 8 This is a structural diagram of the present invention after the prefabricated beams are laid aside;

[0029] Figure 9 This is a structural diagram of the prefabricated box beam of the present invention placed on the cantilever;

[0030] Figure 10 This is a structural diagram of the present invention completing the placement of prefabricated box beams;

[0031] Figure 11 This is a structural diagram of the present invention after the structure is connected when multiple layers are assembled;

[0032] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the prefabricated beams and columns of the present invention;

[0033] In the figure, 1. transverse column row; 11. column; 12. corbel platform; 13. pedestal; 14. splicing area; 2. precast beam; 21. lug; 22. T-shaped beam; 221. first shear key; 23. Z-shaped beam; 231. butt lug; 232. second shear key; 3. precast box beam; 31. joint; 32. third shear key; 4. superimposed layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The following embodiments of the present invention are described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are used to illustrate the present invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0035] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "back," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," etc. used in the present invention to indicate orientations or positional relationships are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. These terms are used only to facilitate the description of the present invention and to simplify the description. They do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0036] like Figure 2-11 As shown, a construction method of a large-span prestressed assembled structure of a vehicle depot throat area cover plate according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps:

[0037] S1: Determine the layout of the column grid based on the track layout position in the throat area of ​​the vehicle depot. Since the column grid layout needs to avoid the track, the column grid cannot be arranged in a regular matrix array. The column grid of this embodiment includes multiple transverse column rows 1, each of which includes multiple columns 11 arranged in a transverse direction. The multiple transverse column rows 1 are arranged in a longitudinal direction, and the spacing between two adjacent transverse column rows 1 is equal. In this embodiment, the transverse direction is perpendicular to the track, and the longitudinal direction is along the track. In this embodiment, under the premise of avoiding the track and meeting the construction requirements, the multiple transverse column rows 1 are arranged in the longitudinal direction with the same spacing to facilitate the subsequent construction of the structure;

[0038] S2: First, complete the pouring of the bottom plate and side walls (including underground structures, if only the ground hardening needs to be completed on the ground), and then cast the column 11 according to the layout of the column grid. A corbel platform 12 is provided on the top of the column 11, and a pedestal 13 is provided on the top of the corbel platform 12. The corbel platforms 12 located on both sides of the pedestal 13 form a splicing area 14, that is, the lateral sides of the corbel platform 12 exceed the lateral sides of the pedestal 13, so that the prefabricated crossbeam 2 is positioned and placed on the corbel platform 12. Steel bars penetrating the corbel platform 12 are pre-embedded in the interior of the column 11, so that the column 11 is connected to the prefabricated crossbeam 2 or the prefabricated box beam 3;

[0039] S3: Use lifting equipment to place multiple prefabricated beams 2 between two laterally adjacent columns 11, and place the ends of the prefabricated beams 2 on the splicing area 14 to connect the prefabricated beams 2 and the columns 11 into a whole. Due to the need to avoid the track, the columns 11 in the same transverse column row 1 cannot be arranged transversely with the same spacing. Therefore, the prefabricated beams 2 need to be provided with multiple specifications to meet the use requirements of different spacings. It is understandable that, under the premise of avoiding the track and meeting the construction requirements, the spacing between two laterally adjacent columns 11 should be kept consistent as much as possible to reduce the types of specifications of the prefabricated beams 2 and facilitate the production of the prefabricated beams 2. The side of the prefabricated beam 2 is provided with a lug 21 for supporting the prefabricated box beam 3;

[0040] S4: Use lifting equipment to place multiple prefabricated box beams 3 between two adjacent rows of transverse column rows 1. The prefabricated box beams 3 are arranged longitudinally, and the ends of the prefabricated box beams 3 are placed on the ears 21 or the pedestals 13. The height of the ears 21 is consistent with the height of the pedestals 13. When the ends of the prefabricated box beams 3 cross the pedestals 13, the prefabricated box beams 3 are placed on the pedestals 13 and the ears 21, and the prefabricated box beams 3 are connected to the prefabricated cross beams 2 or columns 11 into a whole. Both sides of the prefabricated box beams 3 are respectively provided with extended joints 31, and two adjacent joints 31 in the transverse direction are fitted and connected. Since multiple transverse column rows 1 are arranged longitudinally with the same spacing, the prefabricated box beams 3 only need to be set with one specification to meet the construction requirements, effectively reducing the number of specifications of the prefabricated box beams 3 and improving construction efficiency.

[0041] S5: Concrete is poured in the gap between two transversely adjacent precast cross beams 2 and the gap between two transversely adjacent precast box beams 3, and then the superimposed layer 4 is poured on the top of the precast box beams 3 to complete the connection of one layer of prefabricated structure, and the entire structure is connected into one.

[0042] The grid column of the present invention includes a plurality of transverse column rows 1, and the transverse column row 1 includes a plurality of columns 11 arranged in the transverse direction. The plurality of transverse column rows 1 are arranged at equal intervals in the longitudinal direction. By eliminating the plane oblique frame beams between the adjacent irregular longitudinal columns 11, the prefabricated crossbeams 2 only need to set components of several different standards according to the span, and the prefabricated box beams 3 use the same standard components, thereby realizing the standardization of prefabricated components in the case of irregular throat area cover column grid, and effectively solving the problem that the throat area of ​​the vehicle depot is not suitable for assembly; the entire structural system can replace the traditional composite beam and slab system, and the prefabricated crossbeams 2 and the prefabricated box beams 3 can both adopt prestressed technology to increase the applicable span of the components, greatly reduce the number of prefabricated components and their nodes, and effectively improve construction efficiency; the entire structural system adopts a shelving connection, and no templates and supports are required throughout the process. The installation and positioning are fast, the construction process is simple, the construction efficiency is high, and the bottom is flat and beautiful after the construction is completed.

[0043] For example, the prefabricated beams include a T-shaped beam 22 and a Z-shaped beam 23. The bottoms of both sides of the T-shaped beam 22 are provided with ears 21, the bottom of one side of the Z-shaped beam 23 is provided with an ear 21, and the top of the other side of the Z-shaped beam 23 is provided with a docking ear 231. The Z-shaped beam 23 is provided on the first or last horizontal column row 1, that is, between two horizontally adjacent columns 11 in the horizontal beam column row, and the two ends of the Z-shaped beam 23 are respectively placed on the splicing area 14 of the two columns 11. The lug 21 is located on one side close to the adjacent transverse column row 1, and the T-shaped crossbeam 22 is provided on the remaining transverse column rows 1. Since only one side of the first and last transverse column rows 1 needs to be placed with prefabricated box beams 3, and both sides of the remaining transverse beam column rows need to be placed with prefabricated box beams 3, the first and last transverse column rows 1 are provided with Z-shaped crossbeams 23, and the remaining transverse beam column rows are provided with T-shaped crossbeams 22. The docking lug 231 of the Z-shaped crossbeam 23 is mainly used for docking with other plates at locations such as expansion joints.

[0044] Exemplarily, the end face of the lug 21 is fitted and connected to the side of the pedestal 13 to facilitate the positioning connection of the prefabricated beam 2 and the pedestal 13. The pedestal 13 connected to the lug 21 of the Z-shaped beam 23 (i.e., the pedestal 13 of the column 11 of the first and last rows of transverse columns 1) is arranged on one longitudinal side of the corbel platform 12, and the pedestal 13 connected to the lug 21 of the T-shaped beam 22 is respectively arranged on both longitudinal sides of the corbel platform 12 (i.e., pedestals 13 are provided on both sides of the corbel platform 12).

[0045] For example, the T-shaped beam 22 is provided with a plurality of first shear keys 221 at both ends and both longitudinal sides, the Z-shaped beam 23 is provided with a plurality of second shear keys 232 at both ends and one side on which the lug 21 is provided, and the prefabricated box beam 3 is provided with a plurality of third shear keys 32 at both ends. The T-shaped beam 22, the Z-shaped beam 23 and the prefabricated box beam 3 are also provided with lifting holes and reserved grooves for anti-overturning measures to facilitate their lifting.

[0046] For example, Figure 12 As shown, the cross-section of the column 11 and the cross-section of the corbel platform 12 can be set to be special-shaped to adapt to the layout of the track in the throat area of ​​the vehicle depot. The shape of the end of the prefabricated beam 2 is adapted to the shape of the splicing area 14 to adapt to its shape, thereby facilitating the positioning and connection of the prefabricated beam 2 and the pedestal 13.

[0047] For example, after S5, S2-S5 are repeated to construct a multi-layer prefabricated structure based on a single-layer prefabricated structure to realize the construction of a multi-layer building.

[0048] For example, the laminated layer 4 is provided with column heads corresponding to the positions of the columns 11 to facilitate subsequent property development. It is understandable that if the structure is a multi-layer prefabricated structure, the column heads are provided on the laminated layer 4 on the top layer.

[0049] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and substitutions can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention. These improvements and substitutions should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. The construction method of the large-span prestressed assembled structure of the throat area cover of the vehicle depot is characterized by: The following steps are involved: S1: Determine the layout of the column grid according to the track layout position of the throat area of ​​the vehicle depot, wherein the column grid includes a plurality of transverse column rows, each of which includes a plurality of columns arranged in a transverse direction. The plurality of transverse column rows are arranged in a longitudinal direction, and the spacing between two adjacent transverse column rows is equal; S2: Casting the column according to the arrangement position of the column grid, providing a corbel platform on the top of the column, providing a pedestal on the top of the corbel platform, and forming a splicing area with the corbel platforms on both sides of the pedestal; S3: placing a plurality of prefabricated crossbeams between two laterally adjacent columns, with the ends of the prefabricated crossbeams resting on the splicing area, and connecting the prefabricated crossbeams and the columns into a whole, with lugs provided on the sides of the prefabricated crossbeams, the prefabricated crossbeams including T-shaped crossbeams and Z-shaped crossbeams, with the lugs provided on both sides of the bottom of the T-shaped crossbeam, the lug provided on one side of the bottom of the Z-shaped crossbeam, and a docking lug provided on the top of the other side of the Z-shaped crossbeam, the Z-shaped crossbeams being provided on the first or last row of the transverse columns, with the lugs of the Z-shaped crossbeams being located on the side close to the adjacent transverse column row, and the T-shaped crossbeams being provided on the remaining transverse column rows; S4: placing a plurality of prefabricated box beams between two adjacent rows of transverse columns, with the ends of the prefabricated box beams resting on the lugs or the pedestals, and connecting the prefabricated box beams and the prefabricated crossbeams or the columns into a whole, with extended joints being provided on both sides of the prefabricated box beams, and two adjacent transverse joints being joined together; S5: pouring concrete in the gap between two transversely adjacent precast cross beams and the gap between two transversely adjacent precast box beams, and then pouring a superimposed layer on top of the precast box beams to complete the connection of one layer of prefabricated structure.

2. The construction method of the large-span prestressed assembled structure of the throat area cover of the vehicle depot according to claim 1 is characterized by: The end face of the ear is fitted and connected to the side of the pedestal, the pedestal connected to the ear of the Z-shaped beam is arranged on one side of the longitudinal direction of the corbel platform, and the pedestal connected to the ear of the T-shaped beam is respectively arranged on both sides of the longitudinal direction of the corbel platform.

3. The construction method of the large-span prestressed assembled structure of the vehicle depot throat area cover plate according to claim 1 is characterized by: A plurality of first shear keys are respectively provided at both ends and both longitudinal sides of the T-shaped crossbeam.

4. The construction method of the large-span prestressed assembled structure of the vehicle depot throat area cover plate according to claim 1 is characterized by: A plurality of second shear keys are respectively provided at both ends of the Z-shaped crossbeam and at one side thereof where the lifting ears are provided.

5. The construction method of the large-span prestressed assembled structure of the vehicle depot throat area cover plate according to claim 1 is characterized by: A plurality of third shear keys are respectively provided at both ends of the prefabricated box beam.

6. The construction method of the large-span prestressed assembled structure of the vehicle depot throat area cover plate according to claim 1 is characterized by: The shape of the end portion of the prefabricated beam is adapted to the shape of the splicing area.

7. The construction method of the large-span prestressed assembled structure of the vehicle depot throat area cover plate according to claim 1 is characterized by: The stacked layer is provided with column heads corresponding to the positions of the columns.

8. The construction method of the large-span prestressed assembled structure of the vehicle depot throat area cover plate according to claim 1 is characterized by: After S5, S2-S5 are repeated to construct a multi-layer prefabricated structure based on the one-layer prefabricated structure.

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