Magnetorheological Vibration Damping and Buffering Integrated Platform

Abstract

The present invention provides a magnetorheological vibration damping and buffering integrated platform, which includes a horizontal vibration damping mechanism arranged on the upper layer and a vertical vibration damping and buffering mechanism arranged on the lower layer. Magnetorheological medium I and magnetorheological medium II are respectively arranged in the horizontal vibration damping mechanism and the vertical vibration damping and buffering mechanism. The vertical vibration damping and buffering mechanism includes a guiding platform, which is arranged at the top of the vertical vibration damping and buffering mechanism and serves as the lower bottom plate of the horizontal vibration damping mechanism. The horizontal vibration damping mechanism and the vertical vibration damping and buffering mechanism form an overall magnetorheological vibration damping and buffering integrated platform through the guiding platform. The magnetorheological vibration damping and buffering integrated platform provided by the present invention realizes vibration damping in two horizontal directions, vibration damping in the vertical direction, and buffering in the vertical direction through the comprehensive application of permanent magnets. At the same time, self-vibration damping in three directions and single-direction buffering and self-adaptive effects can be achieved without external energy input.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of magnetorheological technology, and particularly to a magnetorheological vibration damping and buffering integrated platform. Background Art

[0002] In the aspect of magnetorheological buffering technology, due to the complex and large structure of traditional passive shock absorbers and the inability to adaptively adjust the damping, it is difficult to meet the damping and vibration reduction requirements under different working conditions. Therefore, magnetorheological technology is applied to the buffering field. The traditional magnetorheological buffering technology will inevitably generate an impact force peak, and it is difficult to ensure that the buffering damping force remains constant with the compression stroke. An excessive buffering force is likely to cause structural damage. By using the method of controlling the current in combination with the traditional magnetorheological buffer, although the dynamic adjustment of the damping force can be achieved to a certain extent, due to the long response time of the control process, it is also difficult to meet the requirements of rapid response, and complex detection and control devices are required, which is not conducive to cost reduction and reliability improvement, and the power consumption is also inevitable. Although it is feasible to construct a magnetic field by using a permanent magnet with a variable cross-section in individual patents, the permanent magnet is a brittle material and difficult to process with high precision. Moreover, the magnetic field is very sensitive to the damping cooperation gap caused by the processing error. A small gap change will cause a large change in the magnetorheological damping, seriously affecting the stability and accuracy of the damping.

[0003] In the aspect of magnetorheological vibration damping technology, the existing magnetorheological vibration damping mostly targets a single direction. More often, an excitation coil is energized to generate a magnetic field, and then magnetorheological damping is generated at the working gap. However, this vibration damping technology requires the input of external energy, which is not conducive to energy conservation. Although using a permanent magnet instead of the excitation coil does not require the input of external energy, due to the constant magnetic field, the effect of variable damping cannot be achieved, and it is difficult to meet the variable damping requirements under different working conditions.

[0004] When the working condition requires simultaneous vibration damping and buffering, the traditional method needs to install several shock absorbers or buffers separately, which is bulky and difficult to apply under the development trend of mechanical lightweight. Moreover, the damping of multiple shock absorbers or buffers is difficult to be accurate and synchronous, which further limits their development and use.

[0005] In view of the above deficiencies of magnetorheological technology and combined with the development needs of the current mechanical vibration damping market, it is necessary to combine magnetorheological buffering technology with vibration damping technology to develop a device that can meet multi-directional vibration damping and ensure that the buffering damping force remains constant with the buffering stroke. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of this, the magnetorheological vibration damping and buffering integrated platform provided by the present invention realizes vibration damping in two horizontal directions, vibration damping in the vertical direction, and buffering in the vertical direction through the comprehensive application of permanent magnets; at the same time, self-vibration damping in three directions and single-direction buffering and self-adaptive effects can be achieved without external energy input.

[0007] The present invention can be realized by the following technical solutions for the above problems:

[0008] A magnetorheological vibration damping and buffering integrated platform includes a horizontal vibration damping mechanism arranged on the upper layer and a vertical vibration damping and buffering mechanism arranged on the lower layer. Magnetorheological medium I and magnetorheological medium II are respectively arranged in the horizontal vibration damping mechanism and the vertical vibration damping and buffering mechanism. The vertical vibration damping and buffering mechanism includes a guiding platform, and the guiding platform is arranged at the top of the vertical vibration damping and buffering mechanism and serves as the lower bottom plate of the horizontal vibration damping mechanism; the horizontal vibration damping mechanism and the vertical vibration damping and buffering mechanism form an integral magnetorheological vibration damping and buffering platform through the guiding platform.

[0009] Furthermore, the horizontal vibration damping mechanism includes an upper top plate arranged at the top of the horizontal vibration damping mechanism for carrying a load and a horizontal vibration damping working component for performing vibration damping in the horizontal direction. The horizontal vibration damping working component includes an upper axially magnetized magnet and a lower axially magnetized magnet with opposite magnetic poles arranged in the vertical direction, and magnetorheological medium I is arranged between the upper axially magnetized magnet and the lower axially magnetized magnet.

[0010] Furthermore, the vertical vibration damping and buffering mechanism further includes a base and a vertical vibration damping and buffering connection component arranged between the guiding platform and the base. The bottom of the vertical vibration damping and buffering connection component is fixedly connected to the base. A guiding part extends downward from the bottom of the guiding platform, and the guiding part of the guiding platform extends into the vertical vibration damping and buffering connection component and then is connected to form a closed cavity with the base in the vertical vibration damping and buffering mechanism, and magnetorheological medium II is filled in the closed cavity.

[0011] Furthermore, the vertical vibration damping and buffering connection component includes a shell, a non-magnetic column, and a central support cylinder arranged on the base in sequence from outside to inside along the radial direction. A high magnetic permeability column is arranged between the non-magnetic column and the central support cylinder, and the high magnetic permeability column is supported and fixed by a boss arranged on the outside of the central support cylinder and the upper surface of the non-magnetic column;

[0012] A cavity I is formed in the cavity between the outer surface of the central support cylinder and the inner surface of the shell, and a cavity II is formed in the cavity between the inner surface of the central support cylinder and the inner surfaces of the base and the guiding platform. A flow channel for the flow of magnetorheological medium II is arranged between the cavity I and the cavity II;

[0013] An elastic member for vibration damping and buffering is provided inside the cavity II. The upper part of the elastic member is connected to the guiding platform, and the lower part is provided with an elastic member bottom plate. The elastic member bottom plate is fixedly arranged on the inner surface of the central support cylinder and divides the cavity II into two parts: the upper cavity of the cavity II and the lower cavity of the cavity II.

[0014] Furthermore, a gas regulating member is provided in the lower cavity of the cavity II. When the guiding platform moves downward under vertical vibration, the magnetorheological fluid II in the upper cavity of the cavity II and the cavity I flows through the flow channel to the lower cavity of the cavity II, and the gas regulating member compensates for the volume change of the cavity I and the upper cavity of the cavity II.

[0015] Furthermore, a radially magnetized magnet and a magnetic isolation ring are provided at the bottom of the guiding part of the guiding platform. An outer magnetic conduction ring group and an inner magnetic conduction ring group are sequentially arranged on the side wall of the cavity I from outside to inside in the radial direction. The magnetic conduction rings in the outer magnetic conduction ring group and the inner magnetic conduction ring group have sequentially increasing magnetic permeability from top to bottom in the vertical direction.

[0016] Furthermore, the flow channel includes:

[0017] Fluid channel I, which is arranged between the upper surface of the high magnetic conduction column and the lower surfaces of the outer magnetic conduction ring group and the inner magnetic conduction ring group, and is used to connect the upper cavity of the cavity II and the cavity I;

[0018] Flow channel II, which is arranged below the fluid channel I and is formed by radially opening holes along the lower surface of the high magnetic conduction column inside the non-magnetic conduction column and the central support cylinder, and is used to connect the lower cavity of the cavity II;

[0019] Flow channel III, which is arranged between the inner wall of the housing and the outer wall of the non-magnetic conduction column, and is used to connect the fluid channel I and the flow channel II;

[0020] The magnetorheological fluid II in the upper cavity of the cavity II and the cavity I sequentially enters the lower cavity of the cavity II through the fluid channel I, the flow channel III, and the flow channel II.

[0021] Furthermore, an annular groove is formed between the non-magnetic conduction column and the central support cylinder below the high magnetic conduction column and the base. The annular groove is filled with a group of magnetic conduction particles. The group of magnetic conduction particles is used to block the magnetorheological fluid II in the flow channel II, and the diameter of the particles in the group of magnetic conduction particles is larger than the cross-sectional size of the flow channel II.

[0022] Furthermore, a plurality of grooves are uniformly arranged on the lower surface of the upper axial magnetized magnet. A ball component for relative sliding between the upper axial magnetized magnet and the lower axial magnetized magnet is arranged in the grooves; an annular groove is arranged outside the groove group formed by the plurality of grooves on the lower surface of the upper axial magnetized magnet. A sealing ring is arranged in the annular groove, and the magnetorheological fluid I is arranged inside the sealing ring;

[0023] A cylindrical groove is provided at the center of the upper surface of the lower axially magnetized magnet, and a limiting member is arranged in the cylindrical groove; a limiting groove for cooperating with the limiting member is provided at the center of the lower surface of the upper axially magnetized magnet.

[0024] Furthermore, the horizontal vibration damping working assembly further includes a non-magnetic upper clamping plate for fixing the upper axially magnetized magnet and a non-magnetic lower clamping plate for fixing the lower axially magnetized magnet. The non-magnetic upper clamping plate is fixedly connected to the upper top plate, and the non-magnetic lower clamping plate is fixedly connected to the guiding platform.

[0025] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0026] (1) This platform achieves the vibration damping effect in two horizontal directions and the vertical direction and the buffering effect in the vertical direction without energy consumption;

[0027] (2) The horizontal vibration damping mechanism reduces the uncontrollable sliding friction damping part by utilizing the self-weight of the object, combined with the design of magnetorheological grease / glue and spring balls, realizes the autonomous adjustment of the planar damping gap under the action of different load gravities, and further realizes the autonomous adaptive change of the damping;

[0028] (3) The vertical vibration damping and buffering mechanism utilizes magnetorheological fluid flowing through permanent magnets and objects with different magnetic permeabilities to simultaneously achieve the effects of damping vibration and maintaining a constant force stroke range of the buffer;

[0029] (4) By placing groups of magnetic conductive particles with different diameters in the groove between the base and the high magnetic conductive ring column, the magnetorheological fluid changes from the original unobstructed laminar flow state to a turbulent flow state in the flow channel, and the gaps between the particles also hinder the liquid flow, further enhancing the magnetorheological damping effect;

[0030] (5) Due to the large inner surface area of the cavity of the non-magnetic guiding platform, when a small vertical amplitude occurs, the flow rate of the magnetorheological fluid in its flow channel is also relatively fast, which is more conducive to realizing the change of magnetorheological damping, and thus has a better vibration damping effect on the vibration under a small amplitude. Description of the Drawings

[0031] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and implementation schemes.

[0032] Figure 1 General structure sectional view of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 For Figure 1 Cross-sectional view of the A-A section;

[0034] Figure 3 For Figure 1 Cross-sectional view of the B-B section;

[0035] Figure 4 This is the internal magnetic rheological fluid flow path diagram of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 5 This is the closed magnetic circuit formed inside the device of the present invention;

[0037] Among them, the reference numerals are: 1 - non-magnetic upper flat plate; 2 - countersunk head screw; 3 - magnetic conductive upper clamping plate; 4 - upper axial magnetization magnet; 5 - non-magnetic support spring; 6 - non-magnetic ball; 7 - felt ring; 8 - lower axial magnetization magnet; 9 - magnetic conductive lower clamping plate; 10 - non-magnetic guiding platform; 11 - non-magnetic inner pressing plate; 12 - sealing ring; 13 - magnetic conductive housing; 14 - outer low magnetic conductive ring; 15 - outer medium-low magnetic conductive ring; 16 - outer medium magnetic conductive ring; 17 - outer medium-high magnetic conductive ring; 18 - outer high magnetic conductive ring; 19 - non-magnetic outer pressing plate; 20 - gasket; 21 - magnetic conductive base; 22 - non-magnetic column; 23 - non-single-diameter magnetic conductive particle group; 24 - high magnetic conductive ring column; 25 - non-magnetic central support cylinder; 26 - airbag; 27 - non-magnetic spring bottom plate; 28 - central support spring; 29 - inner high magnetic conductive ring; 30 - inner medium-high magnetic conductive ring; 31 - inner medium magnetic conductive ring; 32 - inner medium-low magnetic conductive ring; 33 - inner low magnetic conductive ring; 34 - long screw; 35 - magnetic isolation ring; 36 - semi-circular radial magnetization magnet; 37 - magnetic rheological fluid; 38 - non-magnetic limiting column; 39 - magnetic rheological grease / adhesive; 40 - non-magnetic inner constraint ring; 41 - non-magnetic outer constraint ring; 42 - flow path of magnetic rheological fluid; 43 - magnetic field path; 44 - damping gap a; 45 - damping gap b; 46 - damping gap c; 47 - damping gap d; 48 - damping gap e. Detailed implementation mode

[0038] As shown in the figure, the magnetorheological vibration damping and buffering integrated platform provided by the present invention includes a horizontal vibration damping mechanism arranged on the upper layer and a vertical vibration damping and buffering mechanism arranged on the lower layer. Magnetorheological medium I and magnetorheological medium II are respectively arranged in the horizontal vibration damping mechanism and the vertical vibration damping and buffering mechanism. The vertical vibration damping and buffering mechanism includes a guiding platform, which is arranged at the top of the vertical vibration damping and buffering mechanism and serves as the lower bottom plate of the horizontal vibration damping mechanism; the horizontal vibration damping mechanism and the vertical vibration damping and buffering mechanism form an integral magnetorheological vibration damping and buffering platform through the guiding platform; among them, the horizontal vibration damping mechanism and the vertical vibration damping and buffering mechanism are respectively arranged vertically up and down. The horizontal vibration damping mechanism is mainly used to carry the load and damp the vibration of the load in the horizontal direction. Specifically, the horizontal damping refers to damping in two directions, namely the front-back direction and the left-right direction, on the horizontal plane; the guiding platform is a non-magnetic guiding platform 10, which is arranged at the top of the vertical vibration damping and buffering mechanism and serves as the lower bottom plate of the horizontal vibration damping mechanism to be connected with the horizontal vibration damping mechanism to form a magnetorheological vibration damping and buffering integrated platform; by combining the magnetorheological vibration damping technology with the magnetorheological buffering technology, the horizontal vibration damping mechanism and the vertical vibration damping and buffering mechanism are respectively arranged, and the guiding platform 10 in the vertical vibration damping and buffering mechanism is used to connect the upper and lower mechanisms to form an integrated platform. Therefore, the platform has the vibration damping function in two directions on the horizontal plane and the vertical direction, as well as the buffering function in the vertical direction.

[0039] In this embodiment, the horizontal vibration damping mechanism includes an upper top plate arranged at the top of the horizontal vibration damping mechanism for carrying the load and a horizontal vibration damping working component for damping in the horizontal direction. The horizontal vibration damping working component includes an upper axially magnetized magnet and a lower axially magnetized magnet with opposite magnetic poles arranged in the vertical direction. Magnetorheological medium I is arranged between the upper axially magnetized magnet and the lower axially magnetized magnet;

[0040] The vertical vibration damping and buffering mechanism further includes a base and a vertical vibration damping and buffering connection component arranged between the guiding platform and the base. The bottom of the vertical vibration damping and buffering connection component is fixedly connected to the base. The bottom of the guiding platform extends downward to form a guiding part. After the guiding part of the guiding platform extends into the vertical vibration damping and buffering connection component, it is connected and forms a closed cavity with the base in the vertical vibration damping and buffering mechanism. Magnetorheological medium II is filled in the closed cavity;

[0041] Among them, the guiding part of the non-magnetic guiding platform 10 is formed by an annular guiding column extending downward along the vertical direction from the lower surface; the upper top plate in the horizontal shock-absorbing mechanism is a non-magnetic upper flat plate 1 for carrying the load that needs to be shock-absorbed. The upper axially magnetized magnet is an upper-plane axially magnetized magnet 4 composed of a whole axially magnetized cylindrical magnet, and the lower axially magnetized magnet is also a lower-plane axially magnetized magnet 8 composed of a whole axially magnetized cylindrical magnet. The magnetorheological medium I arranged between the upper-plane axially magnetized magnet 4 and the lower-plane axially magnetized magnet 8 is magnetorheological grease / glue 39; by arranging the upper-plane axially magnetized magnet 4 and the lower-plane axially magnetized magnet 8 with opposite magnetic poles facing each other, the two are connected by the suction force of the magnetized magnet itself. At the same time, filling magnetorheological grease / glue 39 between the upper-plane axially magnetized magnet 4 and the lower-plane axially magnetized magnet 8 can cause damping when an external load vibrates horizontally on the horizontal shock-absorbing mechanism, so as to achieve the shock-absorbing effect; the base in the vertical shock-absorbing and buffering mechanism is a magnetic guiding base 21. The bottom of the vertical shock-absorbing and buffering connection assembly arranged between the non-magnetic guiding platform 10 and the magnetic guiding base 21 is connected and fixed to the magnetic guiding base 21. The extending part of the non-magnetic guiding platform 10 extends into the top of the vertical shock-absorbing and buffering connection assembly and forms a closed cavity with the magnetic guiding base 21. The magnetorheological medium II filled in the closed cavity is magnetorheological fluid 37; by filling magnetorheological fluid 37 in the closed cavity inside the vertical shock-absorbing and buffering mechanism, when an external load vibrates vertically, the vertical shock-absorbing and buffering mechanism can change the magnetic field strength inside to generate a damping force during the flow of the magnetorheological fluid 37 to achieve the shock-absorbing and buffering effects; therefore, this platform realizes the shock-absorbing effects in two horizontal directions and the vertical direction and the buffering effect in the vertical direction without energy consumption.

[0042] In this embodiment, the vertical shock-absorbing and buffering connection assembly includes a housing, a non-magnetic column 22 and a central support cylinder arranged on the base in sequence from the outside to the inside along the radial direction. A high-magnetic-conductivity column is arranged between the non-magnetic column 22 and the central support cylinder. The high-magnetic-conductivity column is supported and fixed by a boss arranged on the outside of the central support cylinder and the upper surface of the non-magnetic column; among them, the housing is a magnetic guiding housing 13, the central support cylinder is a non-magnetic central support cylinder 25, the high-magnetic-conductivity column is a high-magnetic-conductivity ring column 24, and the non-magnetic central support cylinder 25 is installed on the magnetic guiding base 21 in a layer-by-layer installation manner and welded and fixed to the magnetic guiding base 21. The high-magnetic-conductivity ring column 24 is supported and fixed by a boss arranged on the outside of the non-magnetic central support cylinder 25 and the upper surface of the non-magnetic column 22. The magnetic guiding base 21 is screwed with the magnetic guiding housing 13 and sealed tightly by a sealing gasket 20, and a sealing ring 12 is used for sealing between the upper end of the magnetic guiding housing 13 and the lower annular guiding column of the non-magnetic guiding platform 10;

[0043] A cavity Ⅰ is formed between the outer surface of the central support cylinder and the inner surface of the housing. A cavity Ⅱ is formed between the inner surface of the central support cylinder and the inner surfaces of the base and the guiding platform. A flow channel for the flow of magnetorheological fluid Ⅱ is provided between the cavity Ⅰ and the cavity Ⅱ. The cavity Ⅰ is formed by the cavity among the outer surface of the non-magnetic central support cylinder 25, the inner surface of the magnetic conductive housing 13, and the non-magnetic inner pressing plate 11. The cavity Ⅱ is formed by the cavity between the inner surface of the non-magnetic central support cylinder 25 and the inner surfaces of the magnetic conductive base 21 and the non-magnetic guiding platform 10. The flow channel is mainly used to connect the cavity Ⅰ and the cavity Ⅱ.

[0044] An elastic member for vibration damping and buffering is provided in the cavity Ⅱ. The top of the elastic member is connected to the guiding platform, and an elastic member bottom plate is provided at the bottom. The elastic member bottom plate is fixedly provided on the inner surface of the central support cylinder and divides the cavity Ⅱ into an upper cavity Ⅱ and a lower cavity Ⅱ. The elastic member is a central support spring 28, and the elastic member bottom plate is a non-magnetic spring bottom plate 27. A circular groove is provided at the bottom inside the annular guiding column of the non-magnetic guiding platform 10, and the top of the central support spring 28 is fixed on the non-magnetic guiding platform 10 by clamping the circular groove. The non-magnetic spring bottom plate 27 is provided at the bottom of the central support spring 28 and mainly cooperates with the non-magnetic guiding platform 10 to compress the central support spring 28 to achieve initial vibration damping and buffering in the vertical direction when the platform is impacted by an external load. The non-magnetic spring bottom plate 27 is circular and is fixed on the inner surface of the side wall of the non-magnetic central support cylinder 25 by means of threads and divides the cavity Ⅱ into an upper cavity Ⅱ and a lower cavity Ⅱ. The upper cavity Ⅱ and the lower cavity Ⅱ are also connected through a fluid channel. The upper damping hole through which the magnetorheological fluid flows from the upper cavity Ⅱ into the fluid channel is provided in the upper part of the non-magnetic central support cylinder 25, and the opening is higher than the non-magnetic spring bottom plate 27 in the vertical direction. The lower damping hole through which the magnetorheological fluid flows from the flow channel into the lower cavity Ⅱ is provided in the lower part of the non-magnetic central support cylinder 25, and the opening is lower than the non-magnetic spring bottom plate 27 in the vertical direction. At the same time, the bottom point of the upper damping hole is flush with the upper surface of the high magnetic conductivity ring column 24, and the top point of the lower damping hole is flush with the lower surface of the high magnetic conductivity ring column 24.

[0045] In this embodiment, a gas regulating member is disposed in the lower cavity of the cavity II. When the guiding platform moves downward under vertical vibration, the magnetorheological fluid II in the upper cavity of the cavity II and the cavity I flows through the flow channel into the lower cavity of the cavity II, and the gas regulating member compensates for the volume change of the cavity I and the upper cavity of the cavity II. The gas regulating member is an airbag 26. When the vertical shock absorption and buffering mechanism does not perform shock absorption and buffering, the airbag 26 fills the lower cavity of the cavity II at this time, and cooperates with the central support spring 28 to make each component of the vertical shock absorption and buffering mechanism in a static balance state in the vertical direction. When the vertical shock absorption and buffering mechanism performs shock absorption and buffering, the volumes of the cavity I and the upper cavity of the cavity II become smaller, and the magnetorheological fluid inside is squeezed and flows into the lower cavity of the cavity II through the flow channel. Due to the pressure change, the magnetorheological fluid acts on the airbag 26, making the airbag 26 smaller to achieve dynamic compensation of the volume inside the vertical shock absorption and buffering mechanism. When the shock absorption and buffering are over, the inside of the airbag 26 is pressurized, so that the airbag 26 refills the lower cavity of the cavity II and extrudes and refluxes the magnetorheological fluid 37 from the lower cavity of the cavity II. The pressurized magnetorheological fluid 37 refluxes to the cavity I and the upper cavity of the cavity II, resetting the non-magnetic guiding platform 10, and further resetting the vertical buffering mechanism.

[0046] In this embodiment, a radially magnetized magnet and a magnetic isolation ring are disposed at the bottom of the guiding portion of the guiding platform. Along the radial direction from the outside to the inside on the side wall of the cavity I, an outer magnetic guiding ring group and an inner magnetic guiding ring group are sequentially disposed. The magnetic guiding rings in the outer magnetic guiding ring group and the inner magnetic guiding ring group have sequentially increasing magnetic permeability from top to bottom in the vertical direction. The end faces of the annular guiding columns of the non-magnetic guiding platform 10 are respectively covered by two semi-annular radially magnetized magnets 36 with symmetrically distributed positions and magnetic poles. A magnetic isolation ring 35 is disposed on the lower end face of the semi-annular radially magnetized magnet 36 and is screwed and pressed tightly by a long screw 34. Along the vertically downward direction on the inner side of the semi-annular radially magnetized magnet 36, annular inner magnetic guiding rings 33 - 29 with sequentially increasing magnetic permeability are stacked in sequence. The inner side of the inner magnetic guiding rings 33 - 29 is positioned by the outer surface of the non-magnetic central support cylinder 25, the upper surface is screwed and pressed tightly by the non-magnetic inner pressing plate 11, and the lower surface is positioned by the boss on the outside of the non-magnetic central support cylinder 25. Along the vertically downward direction on the outside of the semi-annular radially magnetized magnet 36, annular outer magnetic guiding rings 14 - 18 with sequentially increasing magnetic permeability are stacked in sequence. The outer side of the outer magnetic guiding rings 14 - 18 is positioned by the inner surface of the magnetic guiding housing 13, the upper surface is positioned by the upper inner end face of the magnetic guiding housing 13, and the lower surface is screwed and pressed tightly by the non-magnetic outer pressing plate 19. By stacking and arranging annular objects made of materials with different magnetic permeabilities, and using the different magnetic resistances of the magnetic circuit guiding materials at different positions, the magnetic field change under different buffer strokes is realized, and thus different magnetorheological damping force values are obtained.

[0047] In this embodiment, the flow channel includes:

[0048] Fluid channel Ⅰ is arranged between the upper surface of the high-permeability magnetic column and the lower surfaces of the outer magnetic conduction ring group and the inner magnetic conduction ring group, and is used to connect the upper cavity of cavity Ⅱ and cavity Ⅰ; Fluid channel Ⅰ is mainly composed of damping gap b45 and damping gap c46. Damping gap b45 is the gap between the outer magnetic conduction ring group and the high-permeability magnetic column 24, and damping gap c46 is the gap between the inner magnetic conduction ring group and the high-permeability magnetic column 24. The magnetorheological fluid enters fluid channel Ⅰ from the upper cavity of cavity Ⅱ through the upper damping hole arranged on the non-magnetic conduction center support cylinder 25, and successively passes through damping gap c46, cavity Ⅰ and damping gap b45;

[0049] Flow channel Ⅱ is arranged below fluid channel Ⅰ and is formed by radially opening holes along the lower surface of the high-permeability magnetic column inside the non-magnetic column 22 and the center support cylinder, and is used to connect the lower cavity of cavity Ⅱ; Among them, a damping gap d47 flush with the lower surface of the high-permeability magnetic column 24 is radially opened on the non-magnetic column 22, and a damping gap e48 flush with the lower surface of the high-permeability magnetic column 24 is radially opened on the non-magnetic conduction center support cylinder 25. Flow channel Ⅱ is mainly composed of damping gap d47 and damping gap e48. The magnetorheological fluid successively passes through damping gap d47, the gap between the high-permeability magnetic column 24 and the base, and damping gap e48, and finally enters the lower cavity of cavity Ⅱ through the lower damping hole on the non-magnetic conduction center support cylinder 25;

[0050] Flow channel Ⅲ is arranged between the inner surface of the side wall of the magnetic conduction shell 13 and the outer surface of the side wall of the non-magnetic column 22, and is used to connect fluid channel Ⅰ and flow channel Ⅱ;

[0051] The magnetorheological medium Ⅱ in the upper cavity of cavity Ⅱ and cavity Ⅰ successively enters the lower cavity of cavity Ⅱ through fluid channel Ⅰ, flow channel Ⅲ and flow channel Ⅱ; In the process of the magnetorheological fluid 37 flowing from the upper cavity of cavity Ⅱ and cavity Ⅰ to the lower cavity of cavity Ⅱ, when the magnetorheological fluid 37 passes through damping gap b45 and damping gap c46, it is affected by different intensities of magnetic field strength and generates an adaptive damping force to achieve the effect of maintaining a constant damping vibration reduction and buffer force stroke range; When the magnetorheological fluid 37 that has passed through damping gap b45 and damping gap c46 flows through damping gap d47 and damping gap e48, it will also be affected by the magnetic field strength to generate damping, thereby further enhancing the damping effect.

[0052] In this embodiment, an annular groove is formed between the non-magnetic column 22 and the central support cylinder below the high magnetic permeability column and the base. The annular groove is filled with a magnetic particle group, which is used to impede the magnetorheological fluid II in the flow channel II. The particle diameter in the magnetic particle group is larger than the cross-sectional size of the flow channel II. A non-magnetic central support cylinder 25 is arranged on the inner side of the annular groove to cooperate with the non-magnetic inner restraint ring 40, and a non-magnetic outer restraint ring 41 that cooperates with the inner side of the non-magnetic column 22 is arranged on the outer side of the annular groove. The non-magnetic inner restraint ring 40 and the non-magnetic outer restraint ring 41 jointly form a receiving cavity for placing magnetic particle groups 23 with different diameters. The non-magnetic inner restraint ring 40 and the non-magnetic outer restraint ring 41 are welded and fixed to the magnetic base 21. At the same time, the diameters of all the particles in the magnetic particle group 23 are larger than the diameter of the flow channel II. By arranging magnetic particles with different diameters in the annular groove, when the magnetorheological fluid 37 flows through the gaps formed by the particles with different diameters, due to the obstruction and disordered arrangement of the particles, the magnetorheological fluid changes from the original laminar flow state to a turbulent flow state, which can improve the viscous damping effect of the fluid.

[0053] In this embodiment, a plurality of grooves are uniformly arranged on the lower surface of the upper axial magnetization magnet. A ball component for relative sliding between the upper axial magnetization magnet and the lower axial magnetization magnet is arranged in the grooves. An annular groove is arranged on the lower surface of the upper axial magnetization magnet outside the plurality of grooves. A sealing ring is arranged in the annular groove, and the magnetorheological fluid I is arranged in the sealing ring. The ball component includes a non-magnetic support spring 5 and a non-magnetic ball 6. The grooves are mainly used to accommodate the non-magnetic support spring 5 and the non-magnetic ball 6. By designing multiple spring supports between the upper plane axial magnetization magnet 4 and the lower plane axial magnetization magnet 8, automatic adjustment of the damping gap using self-weight is achieved. Combining with the balls, the sliding friction can be changed into rolling friction, significantly reducing the non-adjustable damping part caused by the sliding friction, so as to achieve vibration reduction in two directions in the horizontal plane. The sealing ring is a felt ring 7. Through the design of the felt ring 7, the leakage of the magnetorheological grease / glue 39 can be blocked, and it also has a dust-proof effect. Since it is soft and porous, its friction with the lower plane axial magnetization magnet 8 is also small and will not significantly affect the vibration reduction effect.

[0054] In this embodiment, a cylindrical groove is formed at the center of the upper surface of the lower axially magnetized magnet, and a limiting member is arranged in the cylindrical groove; a limiting groove for cooperating with the limiting member is arranged at the center of the lower surface of the upper axially magnetized magnet, and the diameter of the limiting groove is larger than that of the cylindrical groove; the limiting member is a non-magnetic limiting post 38. In order to prevent the upper half of the platform from slipping due to excessive amplitude in the horizontal plane, the non-magnetic limiting post 38 is provided for limiting. Since the diameter of the upper half of the non-magnetic limiting post 38 is smaller than the inner diameter of the upper plane axially magnetized magnet 4, within the allowable range, the upper half of the platform can vibrate. When the amplitude is too large, the upper half of the non-magnetic limiting post 38 will collide with the hole groove, thus playing a role of safety limiting. A cylindrical groove is formed at the center of the upper surface of the lower axially magnetized magnet, and a limiting member is arranged in the cylindrical groove; a limiting groove for cooperating with the limiting member is arranged at the center of the lower surface of the upper axially magnetized magnet, and the diameter of the limiting groove is larger than that of the cylindrical groove; the limiting member is a non-magnetic limiting post 38. In order to prevent the upper half of the platform from slipping due to excessive amplitude in the horizontal plane, the non-magnetic limiting post 38 is provided for limiting. Since the diameter of the upper half of the non-magnetic limiting post 38 is smaller than the inner diameter of the upper plane axially magnetized magnet 4, within the allowable range, the upper half of the platform can vibrate. When the amplitude is too large, the upper half of the non-magnetic limiting post 38 will collide with the hole groove, thus playing a role of safety limiting.

[0055] In this embodiment, the horizontal vibration damping working assembly further includes a non-magnetic upper clamping plate 3 for fixing the upper plane axially magnetized magnet 4 and a non-magnetic lower clamping plate 9 for fixing the lower plane axially magnetized magnet 8. The upper surface of the upper plane axially magnetized magnet 4 is buckled by the magnetic conductive upper clamping plate 3 and is fixedly attracted under magnetic force. The magnetic conductive upper clamping plate 3 and the non-magnetic upper flat plate 1 are screwed and tightened by a plurality of countersunk head screws 2. The lower plane axially magnetized magnet 8 is buckled by the magnetic conductive lower clamping plate 9 and is fixedly attracted under magnetic force. The magnetic conductive lower clamping plate 9 and the upper plane of the non-magnetic guiding platform 10 are screwed and connected by countersunk head screws.

[0056] In this embodiment, the working principle of the magnetorheological vibration damping and buffering integrated platform is as follows:

[0057] (1) Vibration reduction in two directions in the horizontal plane: The load to be vibration-reduced is placed on the upper surface of the non-magnetic upper flat plate 1. A plurality of non-magnetic support springs 5 and non-magnetic balls 6 uniformly distributed on the lower surface of the axially magnetized magnet 4 in the upper plane are used to replace the common sliding support of the transmission damper by the rolling of the non-magnetic balls 6, which can significantly reduce the uncontrollable frictional resistance. By matching the non-magnetic support springs 5 with appropriate stiffness, the gravity of the load is balanced with the elastic force of the non-magnetic support springs 5 and the size of the damping gap a44 is kept constant. When the load becomes heavier, the required damping force for vibration reduction in the horizontal plane also increases. With the increase in the spring compression amount caused by the large load, the damping gap also decreases accordingly, which will increase the magnetorheological damping force without the need for additional external regulation. Therefore, it has an adaptive effect; when vibrations occur in two directions in the horizontal plane and vibration reduction is required, the upper half of the platform composed of the non-magnetic upper flat plate 1, the magnetically conductive upper clamping plate 3, and the axially magnetized magnet 4 in the upper plane can move back and forth on the upper surface of the axially magnetized magnet 8 in the lower plane under the rolling support of the non-magnetic balls 6. During this process, a magnetic circuit composed of the axially magnetized magnet 4 in the upper plane and the axially magnetized magnet 8 in the lower plane generates a magnetic field in the damping gap a44, and the magnetorheological grease / glue 39 generates a magnetorheological damping force under the action of the magnetic field to achieve vibration in two directions in the horizontal plane; due to the magnetic shielding effect of the cooperation between the non-magnetic upper flat plate 1 and the magnetically conductive upper clamping plate 3, the internal magnetic field will not affect the load.

[0058] The magnetic field path in the horizontal vibration reduction mechanism is: N pole on the upper surface of the axially magnetized magnet 8 in the lower plane → magnetorheological working gap → S pole on the lower surface of the axially magnetized magnet 4 in the upper plane → magnetically conductive upper clamping plate 3 → air → magnetically conductive lower clamping plate 9.

[0059] (2) Vibration reduction principle in the vertical direction: Under the action of gravity and the elastic force of the central support spring 28, the load on the platform moves downward to the equilibrium position in the vertical direction. Assume it moves downward to Figure 5The location is shown in the figure for the magnetic field circuit in the lower part of the device; the magnetic field path of the semi-circular radially magnetized magnet is: inside of 36 → 32 → 31 → 30 → 29 → damping gap c46 → 24 → damping gap b45 → 18 → 17 → 16 → 15 → outside of 36. There is also a magnetic circuit branch at the high-permeability ring column 24 as 24 → damping gap e48 → 23 → 21 → 13 → 15 → outside of 36. When the load vibrates in the vertical direction, the liquid in the platform will flow. The magnetorheological fluid 37 in the lower cavity of cavity II will sequentially pass through damping gap c46 → damping gap b45 → damping gap d47 → damping gap e48 and finally flow into the lower cavity of cavity II to squeeze the airbag 26, while the magnetorheological fluid 37 in cavity I will sequentially pass through damping gap b45 → damping gap d47 → damping gap e48 and finally flow into the lower cavity of cavity II to squeeze the airbag 26; during the flowing process, the magnetic field will cause the magnetorheological fluid 37 to form magnetorheological damping at damping gap b45, damping gap c46, and damping gap e48, and form orifice throttling viscous damping at damping gap d47. In addition, the outside of the high-permeability ring column 24 is thinner and easily reaches magnetic saturation. Therefore, the excess magnetic induction lines will also pass through damping gap b45. As a result, some of the particles in the non-uniform diameter magnetically conductive particle group 23 will also be attracted into damping gap b45. The blockage of the particles causes the fluid in the channel to change from the unobstructed laminar flow state to the turbulent flow state due to the blocking effect of the particles, and the gaps between the particles will also hinder the liquid flow, further enhancing the magnetorheological damping effect;

[0060] If the load weight further increases, the entire platform will move downward by a greater distance, the magnetic field path will be shortened, and the object components passed by the magnetic field will decrease. Therefore, the magnetic resistance in the magnetic circuit decreases, the magnetic field generated at damping gap b45, c46, and e48 increases, and the magnetorheological damping force will increase, thus having a better vibration damping effect on large-weight loads. Therefore, it also has a damping self-adaptive function for different load weights.

[0061] (3) When vibrations occur in three directions including the horizontal plane and the vertical direction simultaneously, it is a simple superposition of the above two situations. Therefore, the principle is the same and will not be elaborated further.

[0062] (4) Buffer principle in the vertical direction: When the load undergoes an impact condition in the vertical direction and needs to be buffered, before the load contacts the upper surface of the non-magnetic upper flat plate 1, the platform is at the highest position under the action of the central support spring 28. Starting from when the load contacts the upper surface of the non-magnetic upper flat plate 1, the platform continuously moves downward. During this process, the position of the semi-circular radially magnetized magnet 36 also continuously moves downward, resulting in a continuous reduction in the components constituting the magnetic circuit, that is, the magnetic resistance continuously decreases, leading to a continuous increase in the magnetic field in the damping gaps b45, c46, and e48, and thus a continuous increase in the magnetorheological damping force. Through the matching of the outer magnetic conductive rings 14 - 17 and the inner magnetic conductive rings 33 - 29 with different magnetic permeabilities, that is, in the buffer stroke direction, the magnetic permeabilities increase in sequence, the gradual increase of the damping force can be achieved, offsetting the reduction of the viscous damping force part caused by the speed decrease, so as to keep the damping force stable during the buffering process, achieve smooth buffering, and prevent large fluctuations in the damping force, thereby avoiding damage to the load caused by a large overload acceleration and maximizing the buffering efficiency.

[0063] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention can be modified or equivalently replaced without departing from the purpose and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and they should all be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A magnetorheological vibration damping and buffering integrated platform, characterized in that: It includes a horizontal vibration damping mechanism arranged on the upper layer and a vertical vibration damping and buffering mechanism arranged on the lower layer. Magnetorheological fluid I and magnetorheological fluid II are respectively arranged in the horizontal vibration damping mechanism and the vertical vibration damping and buffering mechanism. The vertical vibration damping and buffering mechanism includes a guiding platform which is arranged at the top of the vertical vibration damping and buffering mechanism and serves as the lower bottom plate of the horizontal vibration damping mechanism. The horizontal vibration damping mechanism and the vertical vibration damping and buffering mechanism form an integral magnetorheological vibration damping and buffering platform through the guiding platform. The horizontal vibration damping mechanism includes an upper top plate arranged at the top of the horizontal vibration damping mechanism for carrying a load and a horizontal vibration damping working component for damping in the horizontal direction. The horizontal vibration damping working component includes an upper axially magnetized magnet and a lower axially magnetized magnet with opposite magnetic poles arranged in the vertical direction. Magnetorheological fluid I is arranged between the upper axially magnetized magnet and the lower axially magnetized magnet. The vertical vibration damping and buffering mechanism further includes a base and a vertical vibration damping and buffering connection component arranged between the guiding platform and the base. The vertical vibration damping and buffering connection component includes a housing, a non-magnetic conducting column and a central support cylinder which are arranged on the base in sequence from outside to inside along the radial direction. A high magnetic conducting column is arranged between the non-magnetic conducting column and the central support cylinder. The high magnetic conducting column is supported and fixed by a boss arranged on the outer side of the central support cylinder and the upper surface of the non-magnetic conducting column. A cavity I is formed between the outer surface of the central support cylinder and the inner surface of the housing. A cavity II is formed between the inner surface of the central support cylinder and the inner surfaces of the base and the guiding platform. A flow channel for the flow of magnetorheological fluid II is arranged between the cavity I and the cavity II. An elastic member for vibration damping and buffering is arranged in the cavity II. The upper part of the elastic member is connected to the guiding platform, and an elastic member bottom plate is arranged at the lower part. The elastic member bottom plate is fixedly arranged on the inner surface of the central support cylinder and divides the cavity II into an upper cavity II and a lower cavity II. A plurality of grooves are uniformly arranged on the lower surface of the upper axially magnetized magnet. A ball component for relative sliding between the upper axially magnetized magnet and the lower axially magnetized magnet is arranged in the grooves. An annular groove is arranged on the lower surface of the upper axially magnetized magnet outside the groove group formed by the plurality of grooves. A sealing ring is arranged in the annular groove. Magnetorheological fluid I is arranged in the sealing ring.

2. The magnetorheological damping and buffering integrated platform according to claim 1, wherein: The bottom of the vertical vibration damping and buffering connection component is fixedly connected to the base. A guiding part extends downward from the bottom of the guiding platform. After the guiding part of the guiding platform extends into the vertical vibration damping and buffering connection component, it is connected and forms a closed cavity with the base in the vertical vibration damping and buffering mechanism. The closed cavity is filled with magnetorheological fluid II.

3. The magnetorheological damping and buffering integrated platform according to claim 1, wherein: A gas regulating member is arranged in the lower cavity II. When the guiding platform moves downward under vertical vibration, the magnetorheological fluid II in the upper cavity II and the cavity I flows to the lower cavity II through the flow channel and compensates for the volume change of the cavity I and the upper cavity II through the gas regulating member.

4. The magnetorheological vibration damping and buffering integrated platform according to claim 1, characterized in that: A radial magnetized magnet and a magnetic isolation ring are provided at the bottom of the guiding portion of the guiding platform. An outer magnetic conduction ring group and an inner magnetic conduction ring group are sequentially arranged on the side wall of the cavity Ⅰ from outside to inside in the radial direction. The magnetic conduction rings in the outer magnetic conduction ring group and the inner magnetic conduction ring group have sequentially increasing magnetic permeability from top to bottom in the vertical direction.

5. The magnetorheological shock absorption and buffering integrated platform according to claim 4, characterized in that: The flow channel includes: A fluid channel Ⅰ, which is arranged between the upper surface of the high magnetic conduction column and the lower surfaces of the outer magnetic conduction ring group and the inner magnetic conduction ring group, and is used for connecting the upper cavity of the cavity Ⅱ and the cavity Ⅰ; A flow channel Ⅱ, which is arranged below the fluid channel Ⅰ and is formed by radially opening holes along the lower surface of the high magnetic conduction column inside the non-magnetic column and the central support cylinder, and is used for connecting the lower cavity of the cavity Ⅱ; A flow channel Ⅲ, which is arranged between the inner wall of the housing and the outer wall of the non-magnetic column, and is used for connecting the fluid channel Ⅰ and the flow channel Ⅱ; The magnetorheological fluid Ⅱ in the upper cavity of the cavity Ⅱ and the cavity Ⅰ sequentially enters the lower cavity of the cavity Ⅱ through the fluid channel Ⅰ, the flow channel Ⅲ and the flow channel Ⅱ.

6. The magnetorheological damping and buffering integrated platform according to claim 5, characterized in that: An annular groove is formed between the non-magnetic column and the central support cylinder below the high magnetic conduction column and the base. The annular groove is filled with a group of magnetic conduction particles, and the group of magnetic conduction particles is used to block the magnetorheological fluid Ⅱ in the flow channel Ⅱ. The diameter of the particles in the group of magnetic conduction particles is larger than the cross-sectional size of the flow channel Ⅱ.

7. The magnetorheological damping and buffering integrated platform according to claim 1, characterized in that: A cylindrical groove is opened at the center of the upper surface of the lower axial magnetized magnet, and a limiting member is arranged in the cylindrical groove; a limiting groove for cooperating with the limiting member is arranged at the center of the lower surface of the upper axial magnetized magnet.

8. The magnetorheological damping and buffering integrated platform according to claim 7, characterized in that: The horizontal damping working assembly further includes a non-magnetic upper clamping plate for fixing the upper axial magnetized magnet and a non-magnetic lower clamping plate for fixing the lower axial magnetized magnet. The non-magnetic upper clamping plate is fixedly connected to the upper top plate, and the non-magnetic lower clamping plate is fixedly connected to the guiding platform.

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