A kind of bougainvillea planting method

Abstract

The present invention provides a method for planting bougainvillea. The method for planting bougainvillea of ​​the present invention comprises the following steps: (1) selecting a rootstock and a scion; selecting an annual branch as the scion; selecting a perennial branch as the rootstock; (2) spraying a protective agent on the rootstock and the scion plant 1-2 days before grafting, wherein the protective agent is prepared as an emulsion of an eye tree lotus extract, a three-leaf derris extract, Tween-80 and ethanol; (3) adopting a microfilm fully sealed short branch cleft grafting method for grafting, wherein the rootstock has a cleft of 2-3 cm and is shaded, and when the scion shoots to 3-5 cm, the sealing microfilm is removed; (4) applying mixed fertilizer once a month after grafting, wherein the mixed fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10-20 parts of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer, 5-8 parts of molybdenum fertilizer, and 10-15 parts of bacterial fertilizer, wherein the bacterial fertilizer is prepared from Bacillus megaterium powder and Bacillus glutinosus powder. The method of the present invention effectively improves the survival rate of bougainvillea grafting, and the cold resistance of the grafted bougainvillea is good.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of bougainvillea, and in particular to a bougainvillea planting method. Background Art

[0002] Bougainvillea is one of the most horticulturally valuable plants in the genus Bougainvillea in the family Nyctaginaceae. It blooms profusely, has brightly colored bracts, grows rapidly, is resilient, easy to manage, tolerates pruning, and has a long growth cycle. Bougainvillea flowers are terminal, typically clustered in three within a leaf-like, papery bract. Common bougainvillea comes in colors such as purple, red, orange, yellow, and white, and its flower color is its primary ornamental feature. Using varieties of bougainvillea with different flower colors can enhance its ornamental value and facilitate its widespread cultivation. However, grafted bougainvillea often has a suboptimal survival rate and poor cold tolerance, making it difficult to widely promote and apply. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of this, the present invention proposes a bougainvillea planting method, which improves the grafting survival rate and ensures that the grafted bougainvillea has good cold resistance.

[0004] The technical solution of the present invention is achieved as follows:

[0005] A method for planting bougainvillea comprises the following steps:

[0006] (1) Select rootstock and scion;

[0007] Select one-year-old branches as scions; select perennial branches as rootstocks;

[0008] (2) spraying a protective agent on the rootstock and scion plants 1-2 days before grafting, wherein the protective agent is made into an emulsion of eye tree lotus extract, three-leaf derris extract, Tween-80 and ethanol;

[0009] (3) The grafting was performed using a microfilm-sealed short-branch cleft grafting method. The rootstock was split 2 to 3 cm and shaded. When the scion grew to 3 to 5 cm, the sealed microfilm was removed.

[0010] (4) After grafting, apply mixed fertilizer once a month. The mixed fertilizer includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10 to 20 parts of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer, 5 to 8 parts of molybdenum fertilizer, and 10 to 15 parts of bacterial fertilizer. The bacterial fertilizer is made from Bacillus megaterium powder and Bacillus peptoneus powder.

[0011] A further technical solution is to select purple-flowered bougainvillea as the rootstock variety and golden-heart bicolor bougainvillea as the scion variety.

[0012] A further technical solution is that the bacterial fertilizer is prepared from Bacillus megaterium powder and Bacillus peptoneus powder in a mass ratio of 3.5-4.5:5.5-6.5.

[0013] A further technical solution is that, in the protective agent, the content of the eye tree lotus extract is 0.5% to 0.8%, the content of the Derris trifoliata extract is 1.2% to 1.5%, and the content of Tween-80 is 18% to 22%, calculated by mass percentage.

[0014] A further technical solution is that the Derris trifoliata extract is an ethanol extract of the Derris trifoliata rhizome.

[0015] A further technical solution is that the extract of the Herba Lycoris Radiatae is an ethanol extract of Herba Lycoris Radiatae leaves.

[0016] A further technical solution is that the spraying amount of the protective agent is 4 to 6 ml per plant, and the protective agent is sprayed after dilution.

[0017] A further technical solution is that the amount of the mixed fertilizer applied each month is 8 to 12 g per plant, and the fertilizer is mixed with water before application.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] (1) Using purple-flowered bougainvillea as rootstock and golden-hearted bicolor bougainvillea as scion, the grafting and planting management method of the present invention effectively promotes the growth of the grafted bougainvillea, significantly improves the grafting survival rate, and the grafted bougainvillea has good cold resistance, which significantly improves the quality of the grafted bougainvillea.

[0020] (2) Before grafting, spraying a protective agent prepared from extracts of the euphorbia pulcherrima and the drossop extract can further promote the growth of the grafted bougainvillea, avoid damage by insect pests, and improve its survival rate.

[0021] (3) The present invention uses mixed fertilizer prepared by Bacillus megaterium powder and Bacillus peptoneus powder with molybdenum fertilizer, etc., to further promote the growth of grafted bougainvillea, improve its survival rate, and effectively improve the resistance of grafted bougainvillea, especially the cold resistance of grafted bougainvillea. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] In order to better understand the technical content of the present invention, specific examples are provided below to further illustrate the present invention.

[0023] Unless otherwise specified, the experimental methods used in the examples of the present invention are all conventional methods.

[0024] Unless otherwise specified, the materials, reagents, etc. used in the examples of the present invention can be obtained from commercial sources.

[0025] The Derris trifoliata extract used in the embodiment of the present invention is an ethanol extract of the Derris trifoliata rhizome, specifically: the Derris trifoliata rhizome is taken, crushed, placed in a 95% v / v ethanol solution with a solid-liquid ratio of g / mL of 1:10, extracted at room temperature for 48 hours, concentrated under reduced pressure, and dried.

[0026] The embodiment of the present invention uses the eye tree lotus extract as the eye tree lotus leaf ethanol extract, specifically: take the eye tree lotus leaf, after crushing, add anhydrous ethanol at a solid-liquid ratio of g / mL of 1:20, ultrasonically extract at a power of 200W and a temperature of 45°C for 1 hour, concentrate under reduced pressure, and dry to obtain the obtained product.

[0027] Example 1

[0028] A method for planting bougainvillea comprises the following steps:

[0029] (1) Selecting rootstock and scion: Select one-year-old branches as scion, the variety is golden heart two-color bougainvillea; select three-year-old branches as rootstock, the variety is purple flower bougainvillea;

[0030] (2) One day before grafting, the rootstock and scion plants were sprayed with a protective agent at a spraying rate of 5 ml / plant, diluted 10 times before spraying. The protective agent was prepared into an emulsion consisting of an extract of Eupatorium occidentale, an extract of Derris trifoliata, Tween-80, and ethanol. By mass percentage, the extract of Eupatorium occidentale, 0.7%, the extract of Derris trifoliata, 1.3%, and Tween-80, 20%;

[0031] (3) The grafting was performed using a microfilm-sealed short-branch cleft grafting method. The rootstock was split 2 to 3 cm and shaded. When the scion grew to 3 to 5 cm, the sealed microfilm was removed.

[0032] (4) After grafting, apply mixed fertilizer once a month, with a fertilizer amount of 10g / plant each time, and mix it according to the water-fertilizer ratio of 10:1 and then drip-apply. The mixed fertilizer includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15 parts of 15-15-15 nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer, 7 parts of molybdenum fertilizer, and 13 parts of bacterial fertilizer. The bacterial fertilizer is prepared from Bacillus megaterium powder and Bacillus peptoneus powder in a mass ratio of 4.0:6.0.

[0033] Example 2

[0034] A method for planting bougainvillea comprises the following steps:

[0035] (1) Selecting rootstock and scion: Select one-year-old branches as scion, the variety is golden heart two-color bougainvillea; select three-year-old branches as rootstock, the variety is purple flower bougainvillea;

[0036] (2) One day before grafting, the rootstock and scion plants were sprayed with a protective agent at a spraying rate of 5 ml / plant, diluted 10 times before spraying. The protective agent was prepared into an emulsion consisting of an extract of the genus Eupatorium, an extract of the genus Derris trifoliata, Tween-80, and ethanol. By mass percentage, the extract of the genus Eupatorium was 0.5%, the extract of the genus Derris trifoliata was 1.5%, and Tween-80 was 20%;

[0037] (3) The grafting was performed using a microfilm-sealed short-branch cleft grafting method. The rootstock was split 2 to 3 cm and shaded. When the scion grew to 3 to 5 cm, the sealed microfilm was removed.

[0038] (4) After grafting, apply mixed fertilizer once a month, with a fertilizer amount of 10g / plant each time, and mix it according to the water-fertilizer ratio of 10:1 and then drip-apply. The mixed fertilizer includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10 parts of 15-15-15 nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer, 8 parts of molybdenum fertilizer, and 10 parts of bacterial fertilizer. The bacterial fertilizer is prepared from Bacillus megaterium powder and Bacillus peptoneus powder in a mass ratio of 3.5:6.5.

[0039] Example 3

[0040] A method for planting bougainvillea comprises the following steps:

[0041] (1) Selecting rootstock and scion: Select one-year-old branches as scion, the variety is golden heart two-color bougainvillea; select three-year-old branches as rootstock, the variety is purple flower bougainvillea;

[0042] (2) 2 days before grafting, the rootstock and scion plants were sprayed with a protective agent at a spraying rate of 5 ml / plant, diluted 10 times before spraying. The protective agent was prepared into an emulsion consisting of an extract of Eupatorium occidentale, an extract of Derris trifoliata, Tween-80, and ethanol. By mass percentage, the extract of Eupatorium occidentale, 0.8%, the extract of Derris trifoliata, 1.2%, and Tween-80, 20%;

[0043] (3) The grafting was performed using a microfilm-sealed short-branch cleft grafting method. The rootstock was split 2 to 3 cm and shaded. When the scion grew to 3 to 5 cm, the sealed microfilm was removed.

[0044] (4) After grafting, apply mixed fertilizer once a month, with a fertilizer amount of 10g / plant each time, and mix it according to the water-fertilizer ratio of 10:1 and then drip-apply. The mixed fertilizer includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20 parts of 15-15-15 nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer, 5 parts of molybdenum fertilizer, and 15 parts of bacterial fertilizer. The bacterial fertilizer is prepared from Bacillus megaterium powder and Bacillus peptoneus powder in a mass ratio of 4.5:5.5.

[0045] Comparative Example 1

[0046] Based on Example 1, molybdenum fertilizer and bacterial fertilizer were not used. Other treatments were the same as in Example 1.

[0047] (1) Selecting rootstock and scion: Select one-year-old branches as scion, the variety is golden heart two-color bougainvillea; select three-year-old branches as rootstock, the variety is purple flower bougainvillea;

[0048] (2) One day before grafting, the rootstock and scion plants were sprayed with a protective agent at a spraying rate of 5 ml / plant, diluted 10 times before spraying. The protective agent was prepared into an emulsion consisting of an extract of Eupatorium occidentale, an extract of Derris trifoliata, Tween-80, and ethanol. By mass percentage, the extract of Eupatorium occidentale, 0.7%, the extract of Derris trifoliata, 1.3%, and Tween-80, 20%;

[0049] (3) The grafting was performed using a microfilm-sealed short-branch cleft grafting method. The rootstock was split 2 to 3 cm and shaded. When the scion grew to 3 to 5 cm, the sealed microfilm was removed.

[0050] (4) Apply 15-15-15 nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer once a month after grafting, with a fertilizer dosage of 10g per plant each time, mixed according to a water-fertilizer ratio of 10:1 and then drip-applied.

[0051] Comparative Example 2

[0052] In Example 1, the protective agent was prepared without the addition of the Derris oculata extract. Instead, the protective agent was prepared as an emulsion consisting of Derris oculata extract, Derris trifoliata extract, Tween-80, and ethanol. By mass percentage, the Derris trifoliata extract was 2.0% and the Tween-80 was 20%. All other treatments were the same as in Example 1.

[0053] (1) Selecting rootstock and scion: Select one-year-old branches as scion, the variety is golden heart two-color bougainvillea; select three-year-old branches as rootstock, the variety is purple flower bougainvillea;

[0054] (2) One day before grafting, the rootstock and scion plants were sprayed with a protective agent at a spraying rate of 5 ml / plant, diluted 10 times before spraying. The protective agent was prepared as an emulsion of Derris trifoliata extract, Tween-80 and ethanol, with a mass percentage of 2.0% Derris trifoliata extract and 20% Tween-80;

[0055] (3) The grafting was performed using a microfilm-sealed short-branch cleft grafting method. The rootstock was split 2 to 3 cm and shaded. When the scion grew to 3 to 5 cm, the sealed microfilm was removed.

[0056] (4) After grafting, apply mixed fertilizer once a month, with the amount of fertilizer applied each time being 10 g / plant. The mixed fertilizer includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15 parts of 15-15-15 nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer, 7 parts of molybdenum fertilizer, and 13 parts of bacterial fertilizer. The bacterial fertilizer is prepared from Bacillus megaterium powder and Bacillus peptoneus powder in a mass ratio of 4.0:6.0.

[0057] Test example

[0058] 1. According to the methods of Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-2, a Bougainvillea grafting test was conducted in Haikou City, Hainan Province in March 2021. Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-2 were used as test groups 1-5, with 100 plants in each test group. Each test was repeated 3 times, and the survival rate was calculated after 40 days of grafting. The results are shown in Table 1 below:

[0059] Table 1 Survival rate of grafted bougainvillea

[0060]

[0061]

[0062] The results in the table above show that the grafted bougainvillea in Examples 1-3 has a higher survival rate. Among them, the survival rate of Example 1 is significantly improved compared to Comparative Examples 1-2, indicating that the use of a mixed fertilizer of molybdenum fertilizer and bacterial fertilizer with a nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer, and the use of a protective agent made by adding an eye tree lotus extract combined with a three-leaf derris extract, Tween-80 and ethanol, effectively promotes the growth of grafted bougainvillea and improves the survival rate after grafting.

[0063] 2. Cold resistance test

[0064] Under normal circumstances, plant cell membranes are selectively permeable to substances. However, when plants are exposed to adverse environmental conditions, their cell membranes become damaged and membrane permeability increases (the extent of this increase is related to the intensity of the stress and the plant's resistance to it). This allows electrolytes to leak out of the cells, leading to an increase in the conductivity of the cell extract. Extensive electrolyte leakage from plant cells is a key indicator of membrane damage. Because electrolyte abundance varies among plants, initial conductivity values ​​often mask changes in conductivity, thereby obscuring the extent of damage to the species. Therefore, leaf relative conductivity is commonly used as an indicator of cold tolerance. Leaf relative conductivity is an important physiological indicator for measuring plant frost tolerance. Changes in relative conductivity can reflect the extent of plant damage: higher relative conductivity indicates greater tissue damage and more severe leakage of cellular molecules, indicating more severe frostbite.

[0065] Test method: The leaves of Bougainvillea from Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-2 were collected 60 days after grafting, and subjected to artificial low temperature stress for 1 hour. The low temperature stress temperatures were -2°C, -3°C, and -4°C, respectively, and their relative conductivity was tested.

[0066] Relative conductivity test method: Take plant leaves of comparable size, wash them with tap water and then rinse them three times with distilled water. Use filter paper to absorb surface moisture, cut the leaves into long strips, quickly weigh three fresh samples, 0.1g each, and place them in graduated test tubes filled with 10ml of deionized water. Cover with a glass stopper and soak at room temperature for 24 hours. Use a conductivity meter to measure the conductivity of the extract (R1). Then heat in a boiling water bath for 30 minutes, cool to room temperature, shake well, and measure the conductivity of the extract again (R2). Relative conductivity = R1 / R2×100%

[0067] The results are shown in Table 2:

[0068] Table 2 Cold resistance test results of grafted Bougainvillea

[0069]

[0070]

[0071] The results in the table above show that compared with comparative examples 1-2, the relative conductivity of the leaves of the grafted bougainvillea in Examples 1-3 decreased, that is, the degree of frostbite was effectively reduced, and the cold resistance was improved. It further shows that the use of a mixed fertilizer of molybdenum fertilizer and bacterial fertilizer with a nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer, as well as the use of a protective agent made by adding an eye tree lotus extract, a three-leaf derris extract, Tween-80, etc., effectively improves the cold resistance of the grafted bougainvillea.

[0072] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for planting bougainvillea, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (1) Select rootstock and scion; Select one-year-old branches as scions; select perennial branches as rootstocks; (2) 1-2 days before grafting, the rootstock and scion plants are sprayed with a protective agent, wherein the protective agent is an emulsion made of an extract of the eye tree lotus, an extract of the three-leaved derris vine, Tween-80 and ethanol; (3) Use microfilm fully sealed short branch cleft grafting method for grafting, with the rootstock cleft of 2-3 cm and shaded. When the scion shoots to 3-5 cm, remove the sealed microfilm; (4) Apply mixed fertilizer once a month after grafting. The mixed fertilizer includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10-20 parts of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer, 5-8 parts of molybdenum fertilizer, and 10-15 parts of bacterial fertilizer. The bacterial fertilizer is made from Bacillus megaterium powder and Bacillus peptoneus powder; Step (1) selecting the rootstock variety as purple-flowered bougainvillea and the scion variety as golden-heart bicolor bougainvillea; The bacterial fertilizer is prepared from Bacillus megaterium powder and Bacillus peptoneus powder in a mass ratio of 3.5-4.5:5.5-6.5; In the protective agent, the content of the eye tree lotus extract is 0.5% to 0.8%, the content of the Derris trifoliata extract is 1.2% to 1.5%, and the content of Tween-80 is 18% to 22% by mass percentage; The Derris trifoliata extract is an ethanol extract of the Derris trifoliata rhizome; and the Acanthus oculata extract is an ethanol extract of the Acanthus oculata leaves.

2. The bougainvillea planting method according to claim 1, wherein The spraying amount of the protective agent is 4-6 ml / plant.

3. The bougainvillea planting method according to claim 1, wherein The amount of the mixed fertilizer applied each month is 8-12 g / plant.

4. The Bougainvillea planting method according to claim 1, wherein The mass ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer is 15:15:15.

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