A short drill rod structure breaking hammer

Abstract

The application provides a short drill rod structure breaking hammer, which comprises a mounting base, a drill rod fixing body fixed to the mounting base, a drill rod movably installed in the drill rod fixing body, a hammer head arm hingedly connected to the mounting base at one end, a striking iron fixed in the hammer head arm, and a driving cylinder, wherein the driving cylinder has a telescopic driving rod, the driving cylinder has an inverted structure, and the driving rod extends downward from the lower end of the driving cylinder body; in the up-down direction, the driving cylinder, the hammer head arm and the drill rod fixing body are arranged in series from top to bottom, and the hinging points of the driving cylinder and the mounting base and the hinging points of the driving cylinder and the hammer head arm are all located on the upper side of the drill rod fixing body. The application completely eliminates the influence of the stroke of the driving cylinder on the length of the drill rod fixing body, reduces the length of the drill rod fixing body and the drill rod to the minimum, and reduces the raw material cost, manufacturing cost and use cost of the breaking hammer; the lighter the weight of the drill rod is, the faster the falling speed of the drill rod is, and the striking force of the drill rod on the rock is increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a hydraulic breaker, and more particularly to a hydraulic breaker with a short chisel structure. Background Technology

[0002] A hydraulic breaker is an important working tool of a hydraulic excavator, used for rock breaking operations. A hydraulic breaker mainly consists of a hydraulic cylinder, a hammer arm driven by the hydraulic cylinder, a striking hammer head mounted at the end of the hammer arm, a chisel holder, and a chisel head that can be moved up and down and mounted in the chisel holder. The hammer arm drives the striking hammer head in reciprocating motion, and the striking hammer head strikes the chisel head downwards, causing the chisel head to break the rock. For example, a single-axis supported guide breaker is disclosed in Chinese invention patent application CN111779063A. However, existing hydraulic breakers still have the following shortcomings.

[0003] 1. The hydraulic cylinder and the chisel holder are installed side-by-side, or front-to-back, in a direction perpendicular to the chisel's movement direction. This inevitably limits the length of the chisel holder to the stroke of the hydraulic cylinder, requiring a longer holder, which in turn results in a longer chisel within the holder. Furthermore, this portion of the chisel within the holder has the largest diameter, greatest mass, and least wear. Since the chisel is a consumable, approximately one chisel is worn out per week, and longer chisels are more expensive, significantly increasing the cost of chisel consumables and the overall operating cost of the hydraulic breaker. Moreover, the longer holder and chisel increase the overall weight of the breaker, reducing the chisel's descent speed and thus weakening its impact force on the rock, ultimately decreasing the excavator's fuel efficiency.

[0004] 2. The hydraulic system relies on hydraulic oil to push the cylinder rod upward, driving the hammer arm and hammer head to move upward. When the hydraulic oil is released, the cylinder rod drives the hammer arm and hammer head to move downward. However, the high-pressure oil in the hydraulic cylinder is larger than the volume of the upper cylinder rod, which means that the energy released by the hydraulic oil cannot be recovered and reused. At the same time, it also causes the cylinder rod, hammer arm and hammer head to descend slowly, resulting in a small striking force of the hammer head and insufficient single striking force. This reduces the fuel efficiency of the excavator, resulting in high fuel consumption and low ore output.

[0005] 3. After the hydraulic oil pushes the hammer arm and the hammer head upward, the hydraulic oil is released and the hammer arm falls instantly, carrying the high-pressure hydraulic oil back to the oil tank through the pipeline. This impacts every bend in the pipeline, which can easily cause the pipeline to break. At the same time, high-speed frictional resistance is generated on the inner wall of the oil pipe, which reduces the falling speed of the hammer head. Furthermore, the hydraulic oil will heat up rapidly. High-temperature hydraulic oil will accelerate the aging of hydraulic components and hydraulic seals, reducing their service life. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art described above, the purpose of this invention is to provide a short-stub structure hydraulic breaker that can eliminate the influence of the cylinder stroke on the length of the stub fixing body.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a short-spindle structure hydraulic breaker, comprising a mounting base, a pin fixing body fixed to the mounting base, a pin movable in the pin fixing body, a hammer arm hinged at one end to the mounting base, a striking iron fixed in the hammer arm, and a drive cylinder. The striking iron engages with the upper end of the pin. The drive cylinder has a telescopic drive rod and is an inverted structure. The drive rod extends downward from the lower end of the cylinder body. The cylinder body is hinged to the mounting base, and the drive rod is hinged to the hammer arm. In the vertical direction, the drive cylinder, hammer arm, and pin fixing body are arranged in series from top to bottom. The hinge points between the drive cylinder and the mounting base, and between the drive cylinder and the hammer arm, are both located on the upper side of the pin fixing body.

[0008] Furthermore, the drive cylinder includes an independent drive hydraulic cylinder and a drive air cylinder. The cylinder body of the drive hydraulic cylinder and the cylinder body of the drive air cylinder are fixedly connected and both are hinged to the mounting base. The piston rod of the drive hydraulic cylinder and the piston rod of the drive air cylinder are fixedly connected and both are hinged to the hammer arm. Both the drive hydraulic cylinder and the drive air cylinder have an inverted structure. The piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder extends downward from the lower end of the hydraulic cylinder body, and the piston rod of the air cylinder extends downward from the lower end of the air cylinder body. The cylinder body and the air cylinder body constitute the cylinder body of the drive cylinder, and the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder and the piston rod of the air cylinder constitute the drive rod of the drive cylinder.

[0009] Furthermore, the short chisel structure breaker also includes a hydraulic system, which includes a hydraulic pump, an oil tank connected to the hydraulic pump, an electromagnetic directional valve, and a control valve group. Both the electromagnetic directional valve and the control valve group are connected to the oil tank. The drive cylinder also includes a fixed shaft and a push shaft. The drive cylinder further includes a cylinder piston movably mounted inside the cylinder body and fixed to the cylinder piston rod, and a first oil chamber located inside the cylinder body and distributed along the direction of piston movement on the side of the cylinder piston facing the cylinder piston rod. This first oil chamber is controlled by electromagnetic directional valves. The valve and control valve assembly are connected to the hydraulic pump; the drive cylinder also includes a cylinder piston movably mounted in the cylinder body and fixed to the cylinder piston rod, and a high-pressure air chamber located in the cylinder body and distributed along the moving direction of the cylinder piston on the side of the cylinder piston facing away from the cylinder piston rod; the oil cylinder body and the air cylinder body are fixedly connected by a fixed shaft, and both the oil cylinder body and the air cylinder body are hinged to the mounting base by a fixed shaft; the oil cylinder piston rod and the air cylinder piston rod are fixedly connected by a push shaft, and both the oil cylinder body and the air cylinder body are hinged to the hammer arm by a push shaft.

[0010] Furthermore, the cylinder body is also provided with a second oil chamber distributed along the moving direction of the cylinder piston on the side of the cylinder piston opposite to the cylinder piston rod. The second oil chamber is connected to the hydraulic pump through an electromagnetic reversing valve and a control valve group. When the high-pressure gas in the high-pressure gas chamber pushes the cylinder piston downward, the first oil chamber discharges oil to the hydraulic system, and the hydraulic system causes the discharged oil from the first oil chamber to flow into the second oil chamber.

[0011] Furthermore, the drive cylinder is an oil-gas mixing cylinder with an inverted structure. The oil-gas mixing cylinder includes an oil-gas piston rod extending downwards from the lower end of its cylinder body, a partition plate fixed within the cylinder body, and a gas chamber piston and an oil chamber piston, both fixed to the oil-gas piston rod. The partition plate divides the internal space of the cylinder body into non-communicating gas chambers and oil chambers, which are vertically distributed. The gas chamber piston is movably disposed within the gas chamber, and the gas chamber located above the gas chamber piston is a high-pressure gas chamber. The oil chamber piston is movably disposed within the oil chamber and divides the oil chamber into an upper oil chamber located on the upper side and a lower oil chamber located on the lower side. The oil-gas piston rod constitutes the drive rod of the drive cylinder.

[0012] Furthermore, the short chisel structure breaker also includes a hydraulic system, which includes a hydraulic pump, an oil tank connected to the hydraulic pump, a solenoid directional valve, and a control valve group. The solenoid directional valve and the control valve group are both connected to the oil tank, and the upper oil chamber and the lower oil chamber are both connected to the hydraulic pump through the solenoid directional valve and the control valve group.

[0013] Furthermore, the breaker with the short chisel structure also includes a time controller, which is communicatively connected to the solenoid directional valve and used to control the operating time of the solenoid directional valve.

[0014] Furthermore, the electromagnetic reversing valve is fixed on the mounting base, and a shock-absorbing rubber pad is fixed on the mounting base, which is located between the electromagnetic reversing valve and the mounting base.

[0015] Furthermore, the hammer arm includes a hammer connecting plate and a hammer body fixed to the end of the hammer connecting plate. The striking iron is fixed to the hammer body, and the fixing point between the hammer connecting plate and the hammer body is not a straight line.

[0016] Furthermore, the hammer body has a mounting hole for accommodating the striking iron, the diameter of which is smaller than the outer diameter of the striking iron, and the striking iron is fixed to the hammer body by thermal expansion; the hammer body has a vertically penetrating disassembly through hole above the striking iron.

[0017] Furthermore, the hammer arm also includes an annular sleeve fixed to the outer periphery of the striking iron. The hammer body has a fixing hole for accommodating the annular sleeve. The diameter of the fixing hole is smaller than the outer diameter of the annular sleeve. The hammer body and the annular sleeve are fixed by thermal expansion. The hammer body has a vertically penetrating disassembly through hole above the striking iron.

[0018] Furthermore, the drive cylinder also includes a retractable annular dust cover, which is fitted around the outer periphery of the drive rod, and the upper and lower ends of the annular dust cover are respectively connected to the cylinder body and the drive rod of the drive cylinder.

[0019] Furthermore, the outer periphery of the cylinder body of the drive cylinder and the outer periphery of the drive rod are provided with several vertically distributed fixing slots. The upper and lower ends of the annular dust cover are provided with connecting rings, and the connecting rings at the upper and lower ends of the annular dust cover are respectively locked in the fixing slots of the cylinder body of the drive cylinder and the fixing slots of the drive rod.

[0020] Furthermore, the lower section of the drive rod is a tapered section, and the outer diameter of the tapered section gradually increases from top to bottom.

[0021] Furthermore, the short chisel structure of the breaker also includes a shock-absorbing support plate and a shock-absorbing component fixed on the shock-absorbing support plate. The shock-absorbing support plate includes a support plate portion installed on the mounting base, a mounting plate portion extending horizontally from the support plate portion, and a contact strip portion extending upward from the upper end surface of the mounting plate portion. A slot is provided on the lower end surface of the mounting plate portion. The shock-absorbing component is located on the upper end side of the chisel fixing body. The shock-absorbing component includes an upper iron plate, a rubber plate, and a lower iron plate. The rubber plate is fixed between the upper iron plate and the lower iron plate by heat fusion fixing. The upper iron plate is tightly fitted into the slot of the mounting plate portion.

[0022] Furthermore, the mounting base is provided with an arc-shaped limiting groove, and a limiting pin is fixed on the hammer arm. The limiting pin passes through the limiting groove and can abut against both ends of the limiting groove.

[0023] As described above, the short-barrel structure hydraulic breaker of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] This application adopts an inverted structure for the drive cylinder and a series-connected mounting structure for the drive cylinder, hammer arm, and chisel holder, completely eliminating the influence of the drive cylinder's stroke on the length of the chisel holder. This shortens the vertical length of the chisel holder, minimizing its overall length, and consequently shortens the chisel length, allowing the hydraulic breaker in this application to use a shorter chisel. Based on this, this application significantly reduces chisel material consumption, thereby substantially lowering material costs and ultimately reducing the operating cost of the hydraulic breaker. Furthermore, it reduces the overall weight of the chisel and chisel holder, thus reducing the overall weight of the hydraulic breaker, which helps to significantly reduce raw material costs, manufacturing costs, and operating costs. Moreover, a lighter chisel allows for a faster descent speed, increasing the impact force on the rock and reducing crushing operation time by more than 50%. It also improves fuel efficiency on the excavator, significantly reducing fuel consumption, increasing ore output, and lowering the hydraulic oil's operating temperature, reducing impact damage to oil pipes. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a hydraulic breaker with a short chisel structure according to the present application.

[0026] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the internal structure.

[0027] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Side view.

[0028] Figure 4 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram showing the connection between the drive cylinder, hammer arm, and striking iron.

[0029] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Side view.

[0030] Figure 6 for Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure during the dismantling of the impact iron.

[0031] Figure 7 for Figure 6 A bottom view.

[0032] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the annular dust cover in Embodiment 1 of a hydraulic breaker with a short chisel structure.

[0033] Figure 9 and Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the hydraulic system in Embodiment 1 of a hydraulic breaker with a short chisel rod structure; wherein... Figure 9 The central drive lever is in the upward position. Figure 10 The central drive lever is in the downward position.

[0034] Figure 11 for Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the structure of the first control valve group.

[0035] Figure 12 for Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the structure of the second control valve group.

[0036] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the hydraulic breaker according to Embodiment 2 of the short chisel structure of this application.

[0037] Figure 14 for Figure 13 A schematic diagram showing the connection between the drive cylinder, hammer arm, and striking iron.

[0038] Figure 15 for Figure 14 A schematic diagram of the structure during the dismantling of the impact iron.

[0039] Figure 16 for Figure 15 A bottom view.

[0040] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of Embodiment 3 of the short-bar hammer of this application.

[0041] Figure 18 for Figure 17 Side view.

[0042] Figure 19 for Figure 17 A schematic diagram showing the connection between the drive cylinder, hammer arm, and striking iron.

[0043] Figure 20 for Figure 19 Side view.

[0044] Figure 21 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the annular dust cover in Embodiment 3 of a hydraulic breaker with a short chisel structure.

[0045] Figure 22 and Figure 23 This is a schematic diagram of the hydraulic system in Embodiment 3 of a hydraulic breaker with a short chisel rod structure; wherein... Figure 22 The central drive lever is in the upward position. Figure 23 The central drive lever is in the downward position.

[0046] Figure 24 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of Embodiment 4 of the short-bar hammer of this application.

[0047] Figure 25 for Figure 24A schematic diagram showing the connection between the drive cylinder, hammer arm, and striking iron.

[0048] Figure 26 for Figure 25 Side view.

[0049] Component designation explanation

[0050] 10 Mounting Base

[0051] 101 Limiting groove

[0052] 102 Outer plywood

[0053] 103 Inner Panel

[0054] 20. Drill rod fixing body

[0055] 30 Drill Rod

[0056] 40 Drive cylinder

[0057] 41 Hydraulic Cylinder Body

[0058] 42 Hydraulic cylinder piston rod

[0059] 421 Conical segment

[0060] 43 Hydraulic cylinder piston

[0061] 44 First oil chamber

[0062] 45 Second oil chamber

[0063] 50 Hammerhead Arm

[0064] 51 Hammerhead Connecting Plate

[0065] 52 Hammer Body

[0066] 521 Fixing hole

[0067] 522 Disassembly through hole

[0068] 523 mounting holes

[0069] 53. Circular sleeve

[0070] 60 Strikes Iron

[0071] 70 First control valve group

[0072] 71 First valve body

[0073] 711 First connecting oil passage

[0074] 712 First Oilway Exit

[0075] 713 Second Oil Ditch

[0076] 714 Third Oilway Exit

[0077] 72 First valve sleeve

[0078] 721 Fourth Oil Ditch

[0079] 722 First Subject

[0080] 723 First ring

[0081] 724 First Groove

[0082] 725 First limiting surface

[0083] 726 First oil hole

[0084] 726 First oil hole

[0085] 727 First Slide

[0086] 73 Second valve sleeve

[0087] 731 Fifth Oil Ditch

[0088] 732 Second Subject

[0089] 733 Second ring

[0090] 734 Second Groove

[0091] 735 Second Limiting Surface

[0092] 736 Second oil hole

[0093] 737 Second Slide

[0094] 74 First valve core

[0095] 75 Second valve core

[0096] 76 First Spring

[0097] 77 Second Spring

[0098] 80 shock-absorbing support plate

[0099] 81 Support plate section

[0100] 82 Mounting Plate Section

[0101] 83 Contact strip section

[0102] 90 Second control valve group

[0103] 91 Second Valve Body

[0104] 911 Second connecting oil passage

[0105] 912 Sixth Oilway Exit

[0106] 913 Seventh Oilway Exit

[0107] 92 Third valve sleeve

[0108] 921 Eighth oil passage

[0109] 922 Third Subject

[0110] 923 Third ring

[0111] 924 Third Groove

[0112] 925 Third Limiting Surface

[0113] 926 Third oil hole

[0114] 927 Third Slide

[0115] 928 Third valve inner cavity

[0116] 93 Third valve core

[0117] 94 Third Spring

[0118] 110 Limit pin

[0119] 121. Place the iron plate on top.

[0120] 122 Rubber Sheet

[0121] 123 Lower Iron Plate

[0122] 130 Fixed Shaft

[0123] 140 Drive Shaft

[0124] 150 drive cylinder

[0125] 151 Cylinder Block

[0126] 152 cylinder piston

[0127] 153 Cylinder Piston Rod

[0128] 154 High-pressure air chamber

[0129] 160 hydraulic pump

[0130] 170 fuel tank

[0131] 180 Solenoid Directional Control Valve

[0132] 190 Circular Dust Cover

[0133] 191 Connecting Ring

[0134] 200 flat pin

[0135] 210 Iron Rod

[0136] 220 deep hole

[0137] 230 Check Valve

[0138] 240 Fixed slot

[0139] 250 Oil-air mixing cylinder

[0140] 251 Oil-gas piston rod

[0141] 252 partition board

[0142] 253 Gas Chamber Piston

[0143] 254 Oil-filled piston

[0144] 255 air chambers

[0145] 256 Oil chamber

[0146] 2561 Upper oil cavity

[0147] 2562 Lower oil cavity

[0148] 257 High-pressure air chamber

[0149] 260 drive cylinder

[0150] 261 Drive lever

[0151] 270 shock-absorbing rubber Detailed Implementation

[0152] The following specific embodiments illustrate the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification.

[0153] It should be understood that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc., depicted in the accompanying drawings are merely for illustrative purposes to aid those skilled in the art and to facilitate understanding. They are not intended to limit the scope of the invention and therefore have no substantial technical significance. Any modifications to the structure, changes in proportions, or adjustments to size, without affecting the effectiveness and objectives of the invention, should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed herein. Furthermore, the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "middle," and "one" used in this specification are merely for clarity and not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Changes or adjustments to their relative relationships, without substantially altering the technical content, should also be considered within the scope of the invention's implementation.

[0154] This application provides a short-screw structure hydraulic breaker, which is mounted on the boom of an excavator for crushing operations, such as rock breaking. Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, or as Figure 13 As shown, or as Figure 17 As shown, or as Figure 24 As shown, the short chisel structure breaker involved in this application includes a mounting base 10, a chisel fixing body 20 fixed to the mounting base 10, a chisel 30 movably mounted in the chisel fixing body 20, a hammer arm 50 with one end hinged to the mounting base 10, a striking iron 60 fixed in the hammer arm 50, and a drive cylinder 260. The mounting base 10 has two mounting shaft holes, through which it is connected to the boom of an excavator, thereby mounting the breaker as a whole onto the boom of the excavator. The drive cylinder 260 has an inverted structure, comprising a cylinder body and a telescopic drive rod 261. The drive rod 261 extends downward from the lower end of the cylinder body of the drive cylinder 260, the upper end of the cylinder body of the drive cylinder 260 is hinged to the mounting base 10, the lower end of the drive rod 261 is hinged to the hammer arm 50, and the striking iron 60 engages with the upper end of the chisel 30. The drive cylinder 260 drives the hammer arm 50 to reciprocate, which in turn drives the striking iron 60 to reciprocate. The striking iron 60 reciprocates downwards, striking the chisel rod 30, which in turn moves the chisel rod 30 downwards within the chisel rod fixing body 20. The chisel rod 30 then strikes the rock, breaking it. Therefore, the striking iron 60 and chisel rod 30 in the hydraulic breaker are consumables and require frequent replacement.

[0155] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, or as Figure 13 As shown, or as Figure 17 As shown, or as Figure 24As shown, in the vertical direction, the drive cylinder 260, hammer arm 50, and chisel fixing body 20 are arranged in series from top to bottom. That is, the drive cylinder 260 is installed entirely above the chisel fixing body 20, adopting a vertical parallel installation structure along the length of the chisel 30. Therefore, combined with the inverted structure of the drive cylinder 260, the hinge point between the cylinder body of the drive cylinder 260 and the mounting base 10, the hinge point between the drive rod 261 of the drive cylinder 260 and the hammer arm 50, and the chisel fixing body 20 are distributed sequentially from top to bottom. In other words, the hinge point between the cylinder body of the drive cylinder 260 and the mounting base 10, and the hinge point between the drive rod 261 of the drive cylinder 260 and the hammer arm 50 are all located on the upper side of the chisel fixing body 20. Thus, the stroke of the drive cylinder 260 in this application no longer affects the length of the limiting chisel fixing body 20, completely eliminating the influence of the stroke of the drive cylinder 260 on the length of the chisel fixing body 20, which can shorten the length of the chisel fixing body 20 in the vertical direction, reduce the length of the chisel fixing body 20 to the shortest, and correspondingly shorten the length of the chisel, so that the hydraulic breaker in this application can use a shorter chisel, realizing the short chisel structure of the hydraulic breaker.

[0156] Furthermore, by employing shorter chisel rod fixing bodies 20 and chisel rods 30, this application significantly reduces the consumables of chisel rods 30, thereby substantially lowering their material costs. For example, in the prior art, the price of a long chisel rod 30 is approximately 10,000 yuan per piece, while the price of a short chisel rod in this application is approximately 3,000 yuan per piece, resulting in a substantial reduction in the cost of chisel rods 30 and ultimately reducing the operating cost of the hydraulic breaker. On the other hand, it also reduces the overall weight of chisel rods 30 and chisel rod fixing bodies 20, thus reducing the overall weight of the hydraulic breaker. This significantly reduces the raw material costs, manufacturing costs, and operating costs of the hydraulic breaker. Moreover, the lighter the chisel rod 30, the faster it descends, thereby increasing its impact force on the rock. This can reduce the crushing operation time by more than 50%, while also improving the fuel efficiency of the excavator, significantly reducing fuel consumption, increasing ore production, and lowering the operating temperature of the hydraulic oil, reducing impact damage to the oil pipes.

[0157] Furthermore, in the short chisel structure hydraulic breaker involved in this application, the structure of the drive cylinder 260 and the fixing structure of the striking iron 60 in the hammer arm 50 can be varied, thus giving the short chisel structure hydraulic breaker multiple embodiments. Four preferred embodiments of the short chisel structure hydraulic breaker are provided below.

[0158] Example 1 of a short-barrel structure hydraulic breaker

[0159] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, in Embodiment 1 of the hydraulic breaker, the drive cylinder 260 includes an independent drive hydraulic cylinder 40 and a drive air cylinder 150, both of which are inverted structures. The drive hydraulic cylinder 40 includes a cylinder body 41 and a cylinder piston rod 42 extending downward from the lower end of the cylinder body 41. The drive air cylinder 150 includes a cylinder body 151 and a cylinder piston rod 153 extending downward from the lower end of the cylinder body 151. The cylinder body 41 and the cylinder body 151 constitute the cylinder body of the drive cylinder 260, and the cylinder piston rod 42 and the cylinder piston rod 153 constitute the drive rod 261 of the drive cylinder 260. The upper end of the hydraulic cylinder body 41 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the pneumatic cylinder body 151, and both the upper ends of the hydraulic cylinder body 41 and the upper ends of the pneumatic cylinder body 151 are hinged to the mounting base 10; the lower end of the hydraulic cylinder piston rod 42 and the lower end of the pneumatic cylinder piston rod 153 are fixedly connected, and both the lower ends of the hydraulic cylinder piston rod 42 and the lower ends of the pneumatic cylinder piston rod 153 are hinged to the hammer arm 50.

[0160] Preferably, such as Figures 2 to 4 As shown, the drive cylinder 260 also includes a fixed shaft 130 and a push shaft 140. The hydraulic cylinder body 41 and the pneumatic cylinder body 151 are fixedly connected by the fixed shaft 130, and both the hydraulic cylinder body 41 and the pneumatic cylinder body 151 are hinged to the mounting base 10 by the fixed shaft 130. The hydraulic cylinder piston rod 42 and the pneumatic cylinder piston rod 153 are fixedly connected by the push shaft 140, and both the hydraulic cylinder body 41 and the pneumatic cylinder body 151 are hinged to the hammer arm 50 by the push shaft 140.

[0161] Furthermore, such as Figure 2 and Figure 5 As shown, the hammer arm 50 includes a hammer connecting plate 51 and a hammer body 52 fixed to the right end of the hammer connecting plate 51. The hammer connecting plate 51 and the hammer body 52 can be fixed by welding or by casting. The striking iron 60 is fixed in the hammer body 52. ​​The left end of the hammer connecting plate 51 is hinged to the mounting base 10, and the push shaft 140 is hinged to the hammer connecting plate 51 at the middle position, thus connecting the hammer arm 50 to the mounting base 10 and the push shaft 140. In particular, the fixing point between the hammer connecting plate 51 and the hammer body 52 is not a straight line. For example, it can be a combination of straight segments and arc segments, or a combination of multiple straight segments, or a combination of multiple arc segments. The shape of the fixing point between the hammer connecting plate 51 and the hammer body 52 can be a horizontal V-shape, an S-shape, or a wave shape, etc. In this way, both the hammer connecting plate 51 and the hammer body 52 are polygonal, which can avoid stress concentration and thus prevent breakage at the fixing point.

[0162] Furthermore, the striking iron 60 is directly fixed in the hammer body 52. ​​Specifically, as... Figure 2 ,as well as Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, the hammer body 52 has a mounting hole 523 for accommodating the striking iron 60. The striking iron 60 is cylindrical, and its outer diameter is larger than the inner diameter of the mounting hole 523. When installing the striking iron 60, the hammer body 52 is heated to a certain temperature, causing thermal expansion of the metal and increasing the diameter of the mounting hole 523. The striking iron 60 is then inserted into the mounting hole 523. After the hammer body 52 cools to room temperature, its metal contracts, tightly fixing the striking iron 60 within the mounting hole 523, thus achieving thermal expansion fixation between the hammer body 52 and the striking iron 60. This structure enables boltless and pinless installation and fixation of the striking iron 60, saving manufacturing costs and ensuring reliable fixation. The striking iron 60 will not loosen or fall off even after prolonged vibration.

[0163] Preferably, such as Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the hammer body 52 has a vertically penetrating disassembly through hole 522 above the striking iron 60. The upper end of the disassembly through hole 522 extends upward to the upper end face of the hammer body 52, and the lower end extends downward to the mounting hole 523 and communicates with the mounting hole 523. When disassembling the striking iron 60, several deep holes 220 are first drilled at the outer edge of the striking iron 60, such as... Figure 7 As shown, the striking iron 60 will loosen; then, insert the iron rod 210 into the disassembly through hole 522 and strike the iron rod 60 downwards. The iron rod 210 acts on the upper end surface of the striking iron 60, causing the striking iron 60 to slide down from the mounting hole 523 of the hammer body 52. ​​This achieves the installation and disassembly of the striking iron 60, facilitating its replacement. Furthermore, in this embodiment, the hammer body 52 does not need to be replaced; it is reusable. Only the smaller and easier-to-replace striking iron 60 needs to be replaced, thus reducing material consumption and saving costs.

[0164] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 As shown, the mounting base 10 has an arc-shaped limiting groove 101. A limiting pin 110 is fixed on the hammer connecting plate 51 of the hammer arm 50. The limiting pin 110 passes through the limiting groove 101, and the two are slidably engaged. When the driving cylinder 40 drives the hammer arm 50 and the striking iron 60 to move upward, the limiting pin 110 moves upward in the limiting groove 101. The upward movement of the hammer arm 50 is limited by the abutting engagement between the limiting pin 110 and the upper wall of the limiting groove 101. Conversely, when the driving cylinder 40 resets, the hammer arm 50 and the striking iron 60 move downward, and the limiting pin 110 moves downward in the limiting groove 101. The downward movement of the hammer arm 50 is limited by the abutting engagement between the limiting pin 110 and the lower wall of the limiting groove 101.

[0165] Preferably, such as Figure 2 and Figure 5As shown, the lower section of the drive rod 261 is a tapered section 421, that is, the lower section of the hydraulic cylinder piston rod 42 is a tapered section 421, and the lower section of the air cylinder piston rod 153 is also a tapered section 421; the outer diameter of the tapered section 421 gradually increases from top to bottom, which can improve the structural strength of the hydraulic cylinder piston rod 42 and the air cylinder piston rod 153 and prevent the hydraulic cylinder piston rod 42 and the air cylinder piston rod 153 from bending and deforming.

[0166] Furthermore, such as Figure 4 and Figure 8 As shown, the drive cylinder 260 also includes a retractable annular dust cover 190, meaning that both the drive cylinder 40 and the drive cylinder 150 include retractable annular dust covers 190. In the drive cylinder 40, the annular dust cover 190 is fitted around the outer periphery of the cylinder piston rod 42, and the upper and lower ends of the annular dust cover 190 are respectively connected to the cylinder body 41 and the cylinder piston rod 42, which can protect the cylinder piston rod 42 from operating stably in the dust of the mining area. In the drive cylinder 150, the annular dust cover 190 is fitted around the outer periphery of the cylinder body 151, and the upper and lower ends of the annular dust cover 190 are respectively connected to the cylinder body 151 and the cylinder piston rod 153, which can protect the cylinder piston rod 153 from operating stably in the dust of the mining area. Furthermore, the annular dust cover 190 is securely connected to the cylinder body 41, cylinder piston rod 42, cylinder body 151, and cylinder piston rod 153 via a snap-fit ​​mechanism, ensuring reliable connection and preventing the annular dust cover 190 from falling off. The specific structure of the snap-fit ​​connection is as follows: Figure 8 As shown, two vertically distributed fixing slots 240 are provided on the outer periphery of the cylinder body 41, the outer periphery of the cylinder piston rod 42, the outer periphery of the cylinder body 151, and the outer periphery of the cylinder piston rod 153. Two connecting rings 191 are provided at the upper and lower ends of the annular dust cover 190. In the driving cylinder 40, the connecting rings 191 at the upper and lower ends of the annular dust cover 190 are respectively engaged in the fixing slots 240 of the cylinder body 41 and the fixing slots 240 of the cylinder piston rod 42, thereby fixing the annular dust cover 190 between the cylinder body 41 and the cylinder piston rod 42. In the driving cylinder 150, the connecting rings 191 at the upper and lower ends of the annular dust cover 190 are respectively engaged in the fixing slots 240 of the cylinder body 151 and the fixing slots 240 of the cylinder piston rod 153, thereby fixing the annular dust cover 190 between the cylinder body 151 and the cylinder piston rod 153.

[0167] Furthermore, such as Figure 3 As shown, the mounting base 10 of the hydraulic breaker includes two outer clamping plates 102 arranged front to back, and an inner clamping plate 103 fixed to the inner side of the lower end of each outer clamping plate 102. The drive cylinder 40 and the hammer arm 50 are both installed between the two outer clamping plates 102, and the chisel fixing body 20 is fixed between the two inner clamping plates 103. Figure 2As shown, two guide sleeves arranged vertically are fixed inside the drill rod fixing body 20. The drill rod 30 is installed in the drill rod fixing body 20 and can move vertically through the guide sleeves. In addition, a flat pin 200 is also fixed inside the drill rod fixing body 20. A limiting groove extending vertically is opened on the outer circumferential surface of the drill rod 30. A part of the flat pin 200 is located in the limiting groove on the outer circumference of the drill rod 30. When the drill rod 30 moves upward, the upward movement of the drill rod 30 is limited by the abutting engagement between the flat pin 200 and the lower end groove wall of the limiting groove. When the drill rod 30 moves downward, the downward movement of the drill rod 30 is limited by the abutting engagement between the flat pin 200 and the upper end groove wall of the limiting groove.

[0168] Furthermore, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the hydraulic breaker also includes a shock-absorbing support plate 80 and a shock-absorbing assembly fixed to the shock-absorbing support plate 80. The shock-absorbing support plate 80 includes a support plate portion 81, a mounting plate portion 82 extending horizontally inward from the upper end of the support plate portion 81, and a contact strip portion 83 extending upward from the upper end surface of the mounting plate portion 82. The support plate portion 81 is fixed to the inner side of the inner clamping plate 103 in the mounting base 10, thereby fixing the shock-absorbing support plate 80 as a whole to the mounting base 10. There are two contact strip portions 83, respectively distributed on the striking iron 6. On the left and right sides of the 0, the contact strip on the left is higher than the contact strip on the right. The shock absorption assembly is located on the upper end of the drill rod fixing body 20. The shock absorption assembly includes an upper iron plate 121, a rubber plate 122, and a lower iron plate 123. The rubber plate 122 is fixed between the upper iron plate 121 and the lower iron plate 123 by heat fusion, making the shock absorption assembly a single piece. A slot is opened on the lower end surface of the mounting plate 82. The upper iron plate 121 is tightly fitted into the slot of the mounting plate 82, thereby fixing the shock absorption assembly as a whole to the lower end of the mounting plate 82. The falling trajectory of the hammer arm 50 is an arc, and the landing point is a single point. The two contact strips 83 on the upper end of the shock absorption support plate 80 can contact the hammer body 52 one after another, thus receiving the falling of the hammer arm 50 one after another. Combined with the buffering effect of the rubber plate 122, it can play a very good shock absorption role. In addition, the shock absorber is installed and fixed without bolts or pins, which can avoid vibration during operation caused by bolt fixing, thus preventing the shock absorber from separating from the shock absorber support plate 80 and improving the reliability of the shock absorber fixing structure.

[0169] Furthermore, such as Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, and Figure 9 and Figure 10As shown, the first embodiment of the short chisel structure hydraulic breaker also includes a hydraulic system, which includes a hydraulic pump 160, an oil tank 170 connected to the hydraulic pump 160, an electromagnetic directional valve 180, and a control valve group. Both the electromagnetic directional valve 180 and the control valve group are connected to the oil tank 170. The drive cylinder 40 also includes a cylinder piston 43 movably installed within the cylinder body 41 and fixed to the cylinder piston rod 42, and a first oil chamber 44 located within the cylinder body 41 and distributed along the moving direction of the cylinder piston 43 on the side of the cylinder piston 43 facing the cylinder piston rod 42. The first oil chamber 44 is distributed... On the lower side of the cylinder piston 43, the first oil chamber 44 is connected to the hydraulic pump 160 via an electromagnetic reversing valve 180 and a control valve group; the drive cylinder 150 also includes a cylinder piston 152 movably installed in the cylinder body 151 and fixed to the cylinder piston rod 153, and a high-pressure air chamber 154 disposed in the cylinder body 151 and distributed along the moving direction of the cylinder piston 152 on the side of the cylinder piston 152 opposite to the cylinder piston rod 153. The high-pressure air chamber 154 is distributed on the upper side of the cylinder piston 152, and an air charging valve connected to the high-pressure air chamber 154 is installed on the cylinder body 151. Preferably, as Figure 3 As shown, the electromagnetic reversing valve 180 is fixed on the mounting base 10. A shock-absorbing pad 270 is fixed on the inner wall of the outer clamping plate 102 of the mounting base 10. The shock-absorbing pad 270 is located between the electromagnetic reversing valve 180 and the mounting base 10, and plays a good role in shock absorption.

[0170] When the hydraulic system supplies oil to the first oil chamber 44 of the drive cylinder 40, it pushes the cylinder piston 43 upward. This causes the cylinder piston rod 42, the pneumatic cylinder piston rod 153, and the push shaft 140 to move upward together. The push shaft 140 then drives the hammer arm 50 upward, and the pneumatic cylinder piston 152 compresses the high-pressure gas in the high-pressure air chamber 154. When the cylinder piston rod 42, the pneumatic cylinder piston rod 153, and the push shaft 140 move upward to a set distance, the hydraulic system reverses direction. The first oil chamber 44 then returns oil to the hydraulic system, and the high-pressure gas in the high-pressure air chamber 154 rapidly expands, pushing the pneumatic cylinder piston 152 downward. This causes the pneumatic cylinder piston rod 153 to drive the push shaft 140 and the cylinder piston rod 42 downward together. The push shaft 140 then drives the hammer arm 50 downward, causing the striking iron 60 to strike the chisel rod 30 downward. In this embodiment, the drive cylinder 40 and the drive cylinder 150 are designed separately, separating the hydraulic oil chamber in the drive cylinder 40 from the high-pressure air chamber 154 in the drive cylinder 150. This design prevents wear particles from the high-pressure air chamber 154 from entering the hydraulic oil chamber while simultaneously driving the shaft 140 to reciprocate. This effectively avoids contamination of the hydraulic oil and potential damage to the hydraulic system by wear particles from the high-pressure air chamber 154. Conversely, it also prevents wear particles from the hydraulic oil chamber from entering the high-pressure air chamber 154, effectively preventing damage to the drive cylinder 150 by wear particles from the hydraulic oil chamber. Preferably, the inner diameter of the cylinder body 41 is smaller than the inner diameter of the air cylinder body 151, i.e., a large-diameter air cylinder body 151 is used in conjunction with a small-diameter cylinder body 41. This reduces the pressure of the high-pressure gas in the high-pressure air chamber 154, improving safety. In this embodiment, the high-pressure gas in the high-pressure air chamber 154 is nitrogen.

[0171] Furthermore, such as Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, and Figure 9 and Figure 10As shown, the cylinder body 41 is also provided with a second oil chamber 45 distributed along the moving direction of the cylinder piston 43 on the side of the cylinder piston 43 opposite to the cylinder piston rod 42. The second oil chamber 45 is located on the upper side of the cylinder piston 43 and is connected to the hydraulic system. When the high-pressure gas in the high-pressure air chamber 154 pushes the cylinder piston 152 downward, the first oil chamber 44 discharges oil to the hydraulic system, and the hydraulic system causes the discharged oil from the first oil chamber 44 to flow into the second oil chamber 45, realizing secondary utilization. Utilizing the energy of the hydraulic oil discharged from the first oil chamber 44 can save energy and accelerate the downward movement of the cylinder piston rod 42, thereby accelerating the downward movement speed of the striking iron 60. In addition, both the hydraulic cylinder 40 and the pneumatic cylinder 150 are inverted structures, that is, the hydraulic cylinder piston rod 42 extends downward from the lower end of the hydraulic cylinder body 41, and the pneumatic cylinder piston rod 153 extends downward from the lower end of the pneumatic cylinder body 151. In this way, the hydraulic cylinder piston rod 42 occupies a part of the volume in the first oil chamber 44. During the up and down movement of the hydraulic cylinder piston rod 42, the volume in the first oil chamber 44 will be smaller than the volume in the second oil chamber 45. This means that the amount of oil in the first oil chamber 44 will be smaller than the amount of oil in the second oil chamber 45. When the hydraulic oil flows back to the second oil chamber 45 for reuse, the second oil chamber 45 can accommodate the hydraulic oil discharged from the first oil chamber 44, ensuring the reuse of the hydraulic oil. In the drive cylinder 150, both the cylinder piston 152 and the cylinder piston rod 153 reciprocate vertically. The cylinder piston rod 153 is fixed to the lower end face of the cylinder piston 152. The high-pressure air chamber 154 is located above the cylinder piston 152, and the cylinder piston rod 153 extends downward from the lower end of the cylinder body 151. In this way, the high-pressure gas in the high-pressure air chamber 154 is sealed in the upper part of the cylinder piston 152, with only one piston leakage point, improving reliability. Simultaneously, injecting a small amount of hydraulic oil into the upper and lower chambers of the cylinder piston 152 helps reduce wear on the seals when the cylinder piston 152 and cylinder piston rod 153 fall rapidly.

[0172] Furthermore, the first embodiment of the short chisel structure hydraulic breaker also includes a time controller. The time controller is communicatively connected to the solenoid directional valve 180 and is used to control the actuation time of the solenoid directional valve 180. The time controller can be a separate control chip or integrated into a computer as a time control module. The time controller can also be connected to the excavator's power cord for power supply. The time controller controls the switching action time of the solenoid directional valve 180, thereby controlling the time for the hydraulic system to supply oil to the first oil chamber 44. Specifically, when the time controller controls the solenoid directional valve 180 to be in the oil inlet position, the hydraulic system supplies oil to the first oil chamber 44, pushing the cylinder piston 43 upward, which in turn drives the hammer arm 50 and the striking iron 60 to move upward via the push shaft 140. After the predetermined time set in the time controller is reached, the time controller controls the solenoid directional valve 180 to be in the oil outlet position, and the first oil chamber 44 discharges oil to the hydraulic system. This discharged oil flows into the second oil chamber 45, which, together with the drive cylinder 150, drives the push shaft 140 downward, thereby driving the hammer arm 50 and the striking iron 60 to move downward. The striking iron 60 strikes the chisel 30 downward, and the chisel 30 strikes the rock downward, thus performing the crushing operation. In this embodiment, the action time of the electromagnetic reversing valve 180 is controlled by a time controller, thereby controlling the lifting stroke of the piston rod 42 in the drive cylinder 40. This makes the lifting stroke of the piston rod 42 adjustable and not unique, which in turn makes the lifting stroke of the hammer arm 50 and the striking iron 60 adjustable. This allows the striking frequency of the striking iron 60 striking the chisel rod 30 downward to be adjustable and not unique, thus meeting the needs of various applications.

[0173] Furthermore, in Embodiment 1 of the short-spindle structure hydraulic breaker, the control valve assembly preferably adopts the following structure. For example... Figures 9 to 12As shown, the control valve assembly includes a first control valve assembly 70, a second control valve assembly 90, and a check valve 230. The first control valve assembly 70 includes a first valve body 71, a first connecting oil passage 711 extending laterally within the first valve body 71, a first valve sleeve 72 and a second valve sleeve 73 both fixed within the first valve body 71, a first valve core 74 movably mounted in the first valve sleeve 72, and a second valve core 75 movably mounted in the second valve sleeve 73. A portion of the first valve body 71 is located in the right section of the first connecting oil passage 711, and the second valve sleeve 73 is located at the left end of the first connecting oil passage 711. The first valve body 71 has a check valve 74 located on the right side of the first valve sleeve 72. The first valve body 71 has a first oil passage 712 that communicates with the first connecting oil passage 711. The first valve body 71 has a second oil passage 713 that communicates with the first connecting oil passage 711 on the lower end side of the first valve sleeve 72. The first valve body 71 has a third oil passage 714 on the lower end side of the second valve sleeve 73. The first oil passage 712 is connected to the first oil chamber 44, the second oil passage 713 is connected to the hydraulic pump 160, and the third oil passage 714 is connected to the second oil chamber 45. The upper end of the first valve sleeve 72 has a fourth oil passage 721, and the left end of the second valve sleeve 73 has a fifth oil passage 731. The second control valve assembly 90 includes a second valve body 91, a second connecting oil passage 911 extending vertically within the second valve body 91, a third valve sleeve 92 fixed within the second valve body 91, and a third valve core 93 movably mounted within the third valve sleeve 92. A portion of the third valve body is located within the second connecting oil passage 911. The second valve body 91 has a sixth oil passage port 912 communicating with the second connecting oil passage 911 on the right side of the third valve sleeve 92, and a seventh oil passage communicating with the second connecting oil passage 911 is opened on the upper side of the third valve sleeve 92. The lower end of the third valve sleeve 92 has an eighth oil passage port 921; the hydraulic pump 160, oil tank 170, fifth oil passage port 731 and eighth oil passage port 921 are all connected to the solenoid directional valve 180; the third oil passage port 714 and the second oil chamber 45 are both connected to the seventh oil passage port 913; the third oil passage port 714 and the sixth oil passage port 912 are both connected to the oil tank 170; the one-way valve 230 is set on the connecting pipeline between the third oil passage port 714 and the oil tank 170; the one-way valve 230 only allows the hydraulic oil at the third oil passage port 714 to flow to the oil tank 170. The second control valve assembly 90 and the check valve 230 can be used individually or together in this hydraulic system. When used individually, the oil discharged from the first oil chamber 44 flows directly back to the oil tank 170 through the check valve 230 without secondary use. When used together, the oil discharged from the first oil chamber 44 flows back to the second oil chamber 45 for secondary use under the action of the hydraulic system. The second control valve assembly 90 and the check valve 230 can effectively prevent hydraulic oil or air from being drawn into the oil tank 170 due to a vacuum in the second oil chamber 45 above the piston 43 when the piston rod 42 of the cylinder falls.

[0174] Furthermore, such as Figure 11 As shown, the first control valve assembly 70 also includes a first spring 76 extending vertically, and the first valve sleeve 72 includes a first body 722 with a first slide 727 extending vertically, and a first collar 723 with a first valve cavity. The first collar 723 extends integrally upward from the upper end of the first body 722. The first slide 727 communicates with the first valve cavity. The fourth oil passage 721 is opened at the upper end of the first collar 723. The first valve core 74 is movably mounted in the first slide 727. The first spring 76 is located in the first valve cavity. The upper and lower ends of the first spring 76 abut against the first collar 723 and the first valve core 74, respectively. The first main body 722 is located in the first connecting oil passage 711. The first slide 727 is part of the first connecting oil passage 711. The first main body 722 has a first groove 724 and a first limiting surface 725 that can abut and cooperate with the lower end of the first valve core 74 on the groove wall of the first slide 727. Several first oil holes 726 are provided in the first main body 722. The first connecting oil passage 711 is connected to the first groove 724 through the first oil holes 726. The second oil passage opening 713 is located at the lower end of the first slide 727 and the two are connected.

[0175] Furthermore, such as Figure 11 As shown, the first control valve assembly 70 also includes a second spring 77 extending left and right. The second valve sleeve 73 includes a second body 732 with a second slide 737 extending left and right, and a second collar 733 with a second valve cavity. The second collar 733 extends integrally to the left from the left end of the second body 732. The second slide 737 communicates with the second valve cavity. The fifth oil passage 731 is opened on the left end face of the second collar 733. The second valve core 75 is movably mounted in the second slide 737. The second spring 77 is located in the second valve cavity. The left and right ends of the second spring 77 abut against the second collar 733 and the second valve core 75, respectively. The second main body 732 is located at the left end of the first connecting oil passage 711. The second main body 732 has a second groove 734 and a second limiting surface 735 that can abut and cooperate with the right end of the second valve core 75 on the groove wall of the second slide 737. Several second oil holes 736 are provided in the second main body 732. The third oil passage 714 is connected to the second groove 734 through the second oil holes 736.

[0176] Furthermore, such as Figure 12As shown, the second control valve assembly 90 also includes a third spring 94 extending vertically. The third valve sleeve 92 includes a third body 922 with a third slide 927 extending vertically, and a third collar 923 with a third valve cavity 928. The third collar 923 extends downward integrally from the lower end face of the third body 922. The third slide 927 communicates with the third valve cavity 928. The eighth oil passage 921 is opened on the lower end face of the third collar 923. The third valve core 93 is movably mounted in the third slide 927. The third spring 94 is located in the first valve cavity. The upper and lower ends of the third spring 94 abut against the third valve core 93 and the third collar 923, respectively. The third main body 922 is located in the second connecting oil passage 911, and the third slide 927 is part of the second connecting oil passage 911. The third main body 922 has a third groove 924 and a third limiting surface 925 that can abut against the upper end of the third valve core 93 on the groove wall of the third slide 927. Several third oil holes 926 are provided in the third main body 922. The second connecting oil passage 911 is connected to the third groove 924 through the third oil holes 926. The seventh oil passage 913 is located at the upper and lower ends of the third slide 927 and the two are connected.

[0177] The drive shaft 140 moves upward, causing the striking iron 60 to move upward: such as Figure 9As shown, the time controller controls the solenoid directional valve 180 to switch to the oil inlet position. High-pressure oil from the hydraulic pump 160 enters the second oil passage 713 and the solenoid directional valve 180 respectively. The hydraulic oil entering the second oil passage 713 enters the first slide 727 and pushes the first valve core 74 upward. The first valve core 74 moves upward and is in the open position, connecting the second oil passage 713 and the first connecting oil passage 711. The hydraulic oil flowing in from the second oil passage 713 then flows into the first oil chamber 44 through the first slide 727, the first connecting oil passage 711, the first groove 724, the first oil hole 726, and the first oil passage 712. This pushes the cylinder piston 43 and the cylinder piston rod 42 upward. The cylinder piston rod 42 drives the push shaft 140 upward. The push shaft 140 drives the driven object, the cylinder piston rod 153, and the cylinder piston 152 upward together, compressing the high-pressure gas in the high-pressure air chamber 154. Hydraulic oil entering the solenoid directional valve 180 flows into the fifth oil passage 731 on the second valve sleeve 73. After the hydraulic oil enters the inner cavity of the second valve, it pushes the second valve core 75 to the right. Then the first valve core 74 abuts against the second limiting surface 735 and is in the closed position. The second valve core 75 blocks the space between the first connecting oil passage 711 and the second groove 734. That is, the second valve core 75 blocks the space between the third oil passage 714 and the first connecting oil passage 711, thus closing the third oil passage 714. At the same time, the upward movement of the cylinder piston 43 causes the hydraulic oil in the second oil chamber 45 to be discharged to the seventh oil passage 913. After entering the third slide 927, it pushes the third valve core 93 downward. The third valve core 93 then moves downward and is in the open position, so that the sixth oil passage 912 and the seventh oil passage 913 are connected through the second connecting oil passage 911. The hydraulic oil flowing in from the seventh oil passage 913 flows back to the oil tank 170 after passing through the second connecting oil passage 911, the third groove 924, the third oil hole 926 and the sixth oil passage 912. The hydraulic oil in the inner cavity 928 of the third valve flows back to the oil tank 170 after passing through the eighth oil passage 921 and the solenoid directional valve 180.

[0178] The drive shaft 140 moves downward, causing the striking iron 60 to move downward: (e.g.) Figure 10As shown, after the hydraulic cylinder piston rod 42, the pneumatic cylinder piston rod 153, and the push shaft 140 move upward together to a set distance, the time controller controls the solenoid directional valve 180 to switch to the oil discharge position. The high-pressure oil from the hydraulic pump 160 is divided into two paths by the solenoid directional valve 180 and enters the fourth oil passage 721 and the eighth oil passage 921 respectively. The hydraulic oil flowing in from the fourth oil passage 721 acts on the first valve core 74, pushing the first valve core 74 downward. After the first valve core 74 moves down, it abuts against the first limiting surface 725 and is in the closed position. The first valve core 74 blocks the lower end of the first slide 727, that is, blocks the space between the second oil passage 713 and the first connecting oil passage 711, thus closing the second oil passage 713. Hydraulic oil flowing in from the eighth oil passage 921 acts on the third valve core 93, pushing it upward. The third valve core 93 then moves upward and abuts against the third limiting surface 925, entering a closed position. The third valve core 93 blocks the upper end of the third slide rail 927, that is, it blocks the space between the seventh oil passage 913 and the second connecting oil passage 911, closing the seventh oil passage 913. Simultaneously, the high-pressure gas in the high-pressure air chamber 154 rapidly expands, pushing the cylinder piston 152 and cylinder piston rod 153 downward. The cylinder piston rod 153 drives the push shaft 140 downward, which in turn drives the driven object, the cylinder piston rod 42, and the cylinder piston 43 downward together. The first oil chamber 44 discharges oil into the first oil passage 712. This hydraulic oil flows through the first oil hole 726 and the first groove 724 into the first connecting oil passage 711, pushing the second valve core 75 to the left. The second valve core 75 moves to the left and enters an open position, opening the third oil passage. The third oil passage 714 is connected to the first connecting oil passage 711. When the third oil passage 714 is opened, the hydraulic oil discharged from the first oil passage 712 flows back to the second oil chamber 45, and the energy released by the hydraulic oil pressure is reused to push the cylinder piston 43 to move down quickly, which also realizes the rapid downward movement of the push shaft 140. The hydraulic oil in the second valve cavity is released back to the oil tank 170 through the fifth oil passage 731 and the solenoid directional valve 180. A portion of the hydraulic oil discharged from the third oil passage 714 will also flow back to the oil tank 170 through the check valve 230.

[0179] This completes one strike operation.

[0180] Example 2 of a short-barrel structure hydraulic breaker

[0181] The difference between Embodiment 2 and Embodiment 1 of the hydraulic breaker lies only in the mounting structure of the hammer body 52 and the striking iron 60. Specifically, as follows: Figures 13 to 15As shown, the hammer arm 50 also includes an annular sleeve 53 fixed to the outer periphery of the striking iron 60. A fixing hole 521 for accommodating the annular sleeve 53 is provided inside the hammer body 52. ​​The diameter of the fixing hole 521 is smaller than the outer diameter of the annular sleeve 53. The striking iron 60 is cylindrical, and the inner diameter of the annular sleeve 53 is smaller than the outer diameter of the striking iron 60. When installing the striking iron 60, firstly, the annular sleeve 53 is heated to a certain temperature. The metal of the annular sleeve 53 thermally expands, and the inner hole enlarges, allowing the striking iron 60 to be inserted into the inner hole of the annular sleeve 53. After the annular sleeve 53 cools to room temperature, the metal of the annular sleeve 53 contracts, causing the striking iron 60 to be tightly fixed in the inner hole of the annular sleeve 53, achieving thermal expansion fixation between the annular sleeve 53 and the striking iron 60. After heating the hammer body 52 to a certain temperature, the metal of the hammer body 52 thermally expands, increasing the diameter of the fixing hole 521. The annular sleeve 53, containing the striking iron 60, is then inserted into the fixing hole 521 of the hammer body 52. ​​Subsequently, as the hammer body 52 cools to room temperature, the metal of the hammer body 52 contracts, causing the annular sleeve 53 to be tightly fixed in the fixing hole 521 of the hammer body 52. ​​This achieves thermal expansion fixation between the hammer body 52 and the annular sleeve 53, thereby fixing the striking iron 60 in the hammer body 52. ​​This structure achieves boltless and pinless installation and fixation of the striking iron 60, saving manufacturing costs and ensuring reliable fixation of the striking iron 60, preventing loosening or detachment even after prolonged vibration.

[0182] More preferably, such as Figures 13 to 15 As shown, the hammer body 52 has a vertically penetrating disassembly through hole 522 above the striking iron 60. The upper end of the disassembly through hole 522 extends upward to the upper end face of the hammer body 52, and the lower end extends downward to the fixing hole 521 and communicates with the fixing hole 521. When disassembling the striking iron 60, several deep holes 220 are first drilled in the annular sleeve 53, such as... Figure 16 As shown, the annular sleeve 53 is damaged, and the striking iron 60 loosens. Then, an iron rod 210 is inserted into the disassembly through hole 522, and the iron rod 60 is struck downwards. The iron rod 210 acts on the upper surface of the striking iron 60, causing it to slide out of the mounting hole 523 of the hammer body 52. ​​Finally, the annular sleeve 53 is removed. This achieves the installation and disassembly of the striking iron 60, facilitating its replacement. Furthermore, in this embodiment, the hammer body 52 does not need to be replaced; it is reusable. Only the smaller and easier-to-replace striking iron 60 and annular sleeve 53 need to be replaced, thus reducing material consumption and saving costs.

[0183] Example 3 of a short-barrel structure hydraulic breaker

[0184] The only difference between Embodiment 3 and Embodiment 1 of the hydraulic breaker is that the structure of the drive cylinder 260 is different.

[0185] Specifically, such as Figures 17 to 20As shown, the drive cylinder 260 is an oil-gas mixing cylinder 250, which has an inverted structure. The oil-gas mixing cylinder 250 includes an oil-gas piston rod 251 extending downwards from the lower end of its cylinder body, a partition plate 252 fixed inside the cylinder body, and a gas chamber piston 253 and an oil chamber piston 254, both fixed to the oil-gas piston rod 251. The partition plate 252 divides the internal space of the cylinder body into two non-communicating gas chambers 255 and oil chambers 256, which are vertically distributed. The oil-gas piston rod 251 constitutes the drive rod 261 of the drive cylinder 260, and the cylinder body of the oil-gas mixing cylinder 250 is also the cylinder body of the drive cylinder 260. The upper end of the cylinder body of the oil-gas mixing cylinder 250 is hinged to the mounting base 10, and the lower end of the oil-gas piston rod 251 is hinged to the hammer arm 50. The upper section of the oil-gas piston rod 251 is movably placed in the gas chamber 255. The gas chamber piston 253 is fixed to the upper section of the oil-gas piston rod 251. The gas chamber piston 253 is movably disposed in the gas chamber 255, and the gas chamber 255 located above the gas chamber piston 253 is a high-pressure gas chamber 257. An air charging valve connected to the high-pressure gas chamber 257 is installed on the cylinder body of the oil-gas mixing cylinder 250. The lower section of the oil-gas piston rod 251 is movably placed in the oil chamber 256. The oil chamber piston 254 is fixed to the lower section of the oil-gas piston rod 251. The oil chamber piston 254 is movably disposed in the oil chamber 256, dividing the oil chamber 256 into an upper oil chamber 2561 located on the upper side and a lower oil chamber 2562 located on the lower side.

[0186] Furthermore, such as Figures 17 to 20 As shown, in Embodiment 3 of the short chisel structure hydraulic breaker, similar to Embodiment 1, the hammer arm 50 includes a hammer connecting plate 51 and a hammer body 52 fixed to the right end of the hammer connecting plate 51. The fixing point between the hammer connecting plate 51 and the hammer body 52 is not straight. The striking iron 60 is directly fixed in the hammer body 52. ​​A limiting groove 101 is provided on the mounting base 10, which cooperates with the limiting pin 110 of the hammer connecting plate 51. Embodiment 3 of the short chisel structure hydraulic breaker also has a shock-absorbing support plate 80 and a shock-absorbing component fixed on the shock-absorbing support plate 80. For related structures, please refer to the corresponding description in Embodiment 1 of the short chisel structure hydraulic breaker.

[0187] Furthermore, such as Figure 17 and Figure 19 As shown, the lower section of the oil-gas piston rod 251 is a tapered section 421. The outer diameter of the tapered section 421 gradually increases from top to bottom, which can improve the structural strength of the oil-gas piston rod 251 and prevent the oil-gas piston rod 251 from bending and deforming. Figure 21As shown, the oil-gas mixing cylinder 250 also includes a retractable annular dust cover 190. The annular dust cover 190 is fitted around the outer periphery of the oil-gas piston rod 251. The upper and lower ends of the annular dust cover 190 are respectively connected to the cylinder body of the oil-gas mixing cylinder 250 and the oil-gas piston rod 251, protecting the oil-gas piston rod 251 to operate stably in the dust of the mining area. Similarly, the annular dust cover 190 is also snapped into the cylinder body and the oil-gas piston rod 251 of the oil-gas mixing cylinder 250. Two fixed slots 240 are provided on the outer periphery of the cylinder body and the outer periphery of the oil-gas piston rod 251. The upper and lower ends of the annular dust cover 190 are provided with two connecting rings 191. The connecting rings 191 at the upper and lower ends of the annular dust cover 190 are snapped into the fixed slots 240 of the cylinder body and the oil-gas piston rod 251 of the oil-gas mixing cylinder 250, respectively, thereby fixing the annular dust cover 190 between the cylinder body and the oil-gas piston rod 251 of the oil-gas mixing cylinder 250.

[0188] Preferably, such as Figure 18 As shown, in Embodiment 3 of the short chisel structure hydraulic breaker, the electromagnetic reversing valve 180 is fixed on the mounting base 10, and a shock-absorbing pad 270 is fixed on the inner wall of the outer clamping plate 102 of the mounting base 10. The shock-absorbing pad 270 is located between the electromagnetic reversing valve 180 and the mounting base 10, and plays a good role in shock absorption.

[0189] Furthermore, the short-bar structure hydraulic breaker also includes a hydraulic system and a time controller. For example... Figure 22 and Figure 23 As shown, the hydraulic system includes a hydraulic pump 160, an oil tank 170 connected to the hydraulic pump 160, a solenoid directional valve 180, and a control valve assembly. Both the solenoid directional valve 180 and the control valve assembly are connected to the oil tank 170. The upper oil chamber 2561 and the lower oil chamber 2562 are both connected to the hydraulic pump 160 through the solenoid directional valve 180 and the control valve assembly. A timer is communicatively connected to the solenoid directional valve 180 and is used to control the actuation time of the solenoid directional valve 180.

[0190] When the time controller switches the solenoid directional valve 180 to the oil inlet position, such as Figure 22As shown, the hydraulic system feeds oil into the lower oil chamber 2562, pushing the oil-gas piston rod 251 upward. The oil-gas piston rod 251 directly drives the hammer arm 50 upward and compresses the high-pressure gas in the high-pressure air chamber 257. The upper oil chamber 2561 discharges oil into the hydraulic system, and the hammer arm 50 drives the striking iron 60 upward. After the predetermined time set in the time controller is reached, the oil-gas piston rod 251 moves upward to the set distance. At this time, the time controller controls the solenoid reversing valve 180 to switch to the oil discharge position, and the hydraulic system reverses. The hydraulic system feeds oil into the upper oil chamber 2561 and discharges oil into the lower oil chamber 2562. At the same time, the high-pressure gas in the high-pressure air chamber 154 expands rapidly, quickly pushing the oil-gas piston rod 251 downward. The oil-gas piston rod 251 directly drives the hammer arm 50 and the striking iron 60 downward to strike the chisel 30. Therefore, in this embodiment, the switching action time of the electromagnetic reversing valve 180 is controlled by a time controller, thereby controlling the lifting stroke of the oil-gas piston rod 251. This makes the lifting stroke of the oil-gas piston rod 251 adjustable and not unique, which also makes the lifting stroke of the hammer arm 50 and the striking iron 60 adjustable. This allows the striking frequency of the striking iron 60 striking the chisel rod 30 downward to be adjustable and not unique, thus meeting the needs of various applications.

[0191] Furthermore, the control valve assembly in Embodiment 3 of the short chisel structure hydraulic breaker has the same structure as the control valve assembly in Embodiment 1 of the short chisel structure hydraulic breaker. Therefore, in Embodiment 3 of the short chisel structure hydraulic breaker, as... Figure 22 and Figure 23 As shown, the control valve group also includes a first control valve group 70, a second control valve group 90, and a one-way valve 230. The first control valve group 70 has the following structures: a first valve body 71, a first connecting oil passage 711, a first valve sleeve 72, a second valve sleeve 73, a first valve core 74, a second valve core 75, a first spring 76, a second spring 77, a first oil passage port 712, a second oil passage port 713, a third oil passage port 714, a fourth oil passage port 721, and a fifth oil passage port 731. The second control valve group 90 has the following structures: a second valve body 91, a second connecting oil passage 911, a third valve sleeve 92, a third valve core 93, a third spring 94, a sixth oil passage port 912, a seventh oil passage port 913, and an eighth oil passage port 921. For related structures, please refer to the corresponding description in the first embodiment of the short chisel structure hydraulic breaker described above. In the third embodiment of the short chisel structure hydraulic breaker, the first oil passage 712 is connected to the lower oil chamber 2562, and the seventh oil passage 913 is connected to the upper oil chamber 2561.

[0192] like Figure 22As shown, the time controller controls the solenoid directional valve 180 to switch to the oil inlet position. High-pressure oil from the hydraulic pump 160 is divided into two paths, entering the second oil passage 713 and the solenoid directional valve 180 respectively. The hydraulic oil entering the second oil passage 713 enters the first slide 727 and pushes the first valve core 74 upward. The first valve core 74 moves upward and is in the open position, connecting the second oil passage 713 and the first connecting oil passage 711. The hydraulic oil flowing in from the second oil passage 713 then flows through the first slide 727, the first connecting oil passage 711, the first groove 724, the first oil hole 726, and the first oil passage 712 into the lower oil chamber 2562, pushing the oil-gas piston rod 251 upward. Hydraulic oil entering the solenoid directional valve 180 flows into the fifth oil passage 731 on the second valve sleeve 73. After the hydraulic oil enters the inner cavity of the second valve, it pushes the second valve core 75 to the right. Then the first valve core 74 abuts against the second limiting surface 735 and is in the closed position. The second valve core 75 blocks the space between the first connecting oil passage 711 and the second groove 734. That is, the second valve core 75 blocks the space between the third oil passage 714 and the first connecting oil passage 711, thus closing the third oil passage 714. At the same time, the hydraulic oil in the upper oil chamber 2561 is discharged to the seventh oil passage 913, enters the third slide 927 and pushes the third valve core 93 downward. The third valve core 93 moves down and is in the open position, so that the sixth oil passage 912 and the seventh oil passage 913 are connected through the second connecting oil passage 911. The hydraulic oil flowing in from the seventh oil passage 913 flows back to the oil tank 170 after passing through the second connecting oil passage 911, the third groove 924, the third oil hole 926 and the sixth oil passage 912. The hydraulic oil in the inner cavity 928 of the third valve flows back to the oil tank 170 after passing through the eighth oil passage 921 and the solenoid directional valve 180.

[0193] like Figure 23As shown, the time controller controls the solenoid directional valve 180 to switch to the oil discharge position. High-pressure oil from the hydraulic pump 160 is split into two paths by the solenoid directional valve 180, entering the fourth oil passage 721 and the eighth oil passage 921 respectively. The hydraulic oil flowing in from the fourth oil passage 721 acts on the first valve core 74, pushing the first valve core 74 downward. The first valve core 74 moves down and abuts against the first limiting surface 725, and is in the closed position. The first valve core 74 blocks the lower end of the first slide rail 727, that is, blocks the space between the second oil passage 713 and the first connecting oil passage 711, thus closing the second oil passage 713. The hydraulic oil flowing in from the eighth oil passage 921 acts on the third valve core 93, pushing the third valve core 93 upward. The third valve core 93 moves upward and abuts against the third limiting surface 925, and is in the closed position. The third valve core 93 blocks the upper end of the third slide 927, that is, it blocks the space between the seventh oil passage 913 and the second connecting oil passage 911, thus closing the seventh oil passage 913. At the same time, the high-pressure gas in the high-pressure air chamber 257 expands rapidly, pushing the oil-gas piston rod 251 downward. The lower oil chamber 2562 discharges oil to the first oil passage 712. The hydraulic oil flows into the first connecting oil passage 711 after passing through the first oil hole 726 and the first groove 724, pushing the second valve core 75 to the left. After the second valve core 75 moves to the left, it is in the open position, connecting the third oil passage 714 and the first connecting oil passage 711. The third oil passage 714 is opened, and the hydraulic oil discharged from the first oil passage 712 enters the upper oil chamber 2561, making secondary use of the energy released by the hydraulic oil pressure, pushing the oil-gas piston rod 251 downward rapidly. Meanwhile, the hydraulic oil in the inner cavity of the second valve is released back into the oil tank 170 after passing through the fifth oil passage 731 and the solenoid directional valve 180. A portion of the hydraulic oil discharged from the third oil passage 714 will also flow back into the oil tank 170 through the check valve 230.

[0194] This completes one strike operation.

[0195] Example 4 of a short-barrel structure hydraulic breaker

[0196] The only difference between Embodiment 4 and Embodiment 3 of the hydraulic breaker is the mounting structure of the hammer body 52 and the striking iron 60; however, the mounting structure of the hammer body 52 and the striking iron 60 in Embodiment 4 is the same as that in Embodiment 2. Specifically, as follows... Figures 23 to 25As shown, the hammer arm 50 also includes an annular sleeve 53 fixed to the outer periphery of the striking iron 60. A fixing hole 521 for accommodating the annular sleeve 53 is provided inside the hammer body 52. ​​The diameter of the fixing hole 521 is smaller than the outer diameter of the annular sleeve 53. The striking iron 60 is cylindrical, and the inner diameter of the annular sleeve 53 is smaller than the outer diameter of the striking iron 60. When installing the striking iron 60, firstly, the annular sleeve 53 is heated to a certain temperature. The metal of the annular sleeve 53 thermally expands, and the inner hole enlarges, allowing the striking iron 60 to be inserted into the inner hole of the annular sleeve 53. After the annular sleeve 53 cools to room temperature, the metal of the annular sleeve 53 contracts, causing the striking iron 60 to be tightly fixed in the inner hole of the annular sleeve 53, achieving thermal expansion fixation between the annular sleeve 53 and the striking iron 60. After heating the hammer body 52 to a certain temperature, the metal of the hammer body 52 thermally expands, increasing the diameter of the fixing hole 521. The annular sleeve 53, containing the striking iron 60, is then inserted into the fixing hole 521 of the hammer body 52. ​​Subsequently, as the hammer body 52 cools to room temperature, the metal of the hammer body 52 contracts, causing the annular sleeve 53 to be tightly fixed in the fixing hole 521 of the hammer body 52. ​​This achieves thermal expansion fixation between the hammer body 52 and the annular sleeve 53, thereby fixing the striking iron 60 in the hammer body 52. ​​This structure achieves boltless and pinless installation and fixation of the striking iron 60, saving manufacturing costs and ensuring reliable fixation of the striking iron 60, preventing loosening or detachment even after prolonged vibration.

[0197] In the four embodiments of the hydraulic breaker described above, the drive cylinder 260 in embodiments one and two is a dual-cylinder structure consisting of an independent drive oil cylinder 40 and a drive air cylinder 150. The drive cylinder 260 in embodiments three and four is a mixed cylinder structure consisting of oil and air. The striking iron 60 in embodiments one and three is directly installed in the hammer arm 50. The striking iron 60 in embodiments two and four is installed in the hammer arm 50 through an annular sleeve 53.

[0198] In summary, this invention effectively overcomes the various shortcomings of the prior art and has high industrial application value.

[0199] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and effects of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Any person skilled in the art can modify or alter the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or alterations made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical concept disclosed in the present invention should still be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A short-screw structure hydraulic breaker, comprising a mounting base (10), a screw fixing body (20) fixed to the mounting base (10), a screw (30) movably mounted in the screw fixing body (20), a hammer arm (50) with one end hinged to the mounting base (10), a striking iron (60) fixed in the hammer arm (50), and a drive cylinder (260), wherein the striking iron (60) engages with the upper end of the screw (30) in a striking engagement, and the drive cylinder (260) has a telescopic drive rod (261), characterized in that: The drive cylinder (260) has an inverted structure. The drive rod (261) extends downward from the lower end of the cylinder body of the drive cylinder (260). The cylinder body of the drive cylinder (260) is hinged to the mounting base (10). The drive rod (261) of the drive cylinder (260) is hinged to the hammer arm (50). In the vertical direction, the drive cylinder (260), the hammer arm (50) and the chisel fixing body (20) are arranged in series from top to bottom. The hinge point between the drive cylinder (260) and the mounting base (10) and the hinge point between the drive cylinder (260) and the hammer arm (50) are both located on the upper side of the chisel fixing body (20). The drive cylinder (260) includes an independent drive hydraulic cylinder (40) and a drive air cylinder (150). The cylinder body (41) of the drive hydraulic cylinder (40) and the cylinder body (151) of the drive air cylinder (150) are fixedly connected and both are hinged to the mounting base (10). The piston rod (42) of the drive hydraulic cylinder (40) and the piston rod (153) of the drive air cylinder (150) are fixedly connected and both are hinged to the hammer arm (50). Both (40) and the drive cylinder (150) are inverted structures. The piston rod (42) of the oil cylinder extends downward from the lower end of the oil cylinder body (41), and the piston rod (153) of the air cylinder extends downward from the lower end of the air cylinder body (151). The oil cylinder body (41) and the air cylinder body (151) constitute the cylinder body of the drive cylinder (260), and the piston rod (42) of the oil cylinder and the piston rod (153) of the air cylinder constitute the drive rod (261) of the drive cylinder (260).

2. The hydraulic breaker with a short chisel structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a hydraulic system, which includes a hydraulic pump (160), an oil tank (170) connected to the hydraulic pump (160), an electromagnetic directional valve (180), and a control valve group, both of which are connected to the oil tank (170); the drive cylinder (260) also includes a fixed shaft (130) and a push shaft (140), and the drive cylinder (40) also includes a cylinder piston (43) movably installed in the cylinder body (41) and fixed to the cylinder piston rod (42), and a first oil chamber (44) located in the cylinder body (41) and distributed along the moving direction of the cylinder piston (43) on the side of the cylinder piston (43) facing the cylinder piston rod (42), the first oil chamber (44) being connected to the hydraulic pump (160) through the electromagnetic directional valve (180) and the control valve group; The drive cylinder (150) further includes a cylinder piston (152) movably installed in the cylinder body (151) and fixed to the cylinder piston rod (153), and a high-pressure air chamber (154) disposed in the cylinder body (151) and distributed along the moving direction of the cylinder piston (152) on the side of the cylinder piston (152) facing away from the cylinder piston rod (153); the oil cylinder body (41) and the air cylinder body (151) are fixedly connected by a fixed shaft (130), and both the oil cylinder body (41) and the air cylinder body (151) are hinged to the mounting base (10) by the fixed shaft (130); the oil cylinder piston rod (42) and the air cylinder piston rod (153) are fixedly connected by a push shaft (140), and both the oil cylinder body (41) and the air cylinder body (151) are hinged to the hammer arm (50) by the push shaft (140).

3. The hydraulic breaker with a short chisel structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cylinder body (41) is also provided with a second oil chamber (45) distributed along the moving direction of the cylinder piston (43) on the side of the cylinder piston (43) facing away from the cylinder piston rod (42). The second oil chamber (45) is connected to the hydraulic pump (160) through the electromagnetic reversing valve (180) and the control valve group. When the high pressure gas in the high pressure gas chamber (154) pushes the cylinder piston (152) downward, the first oil chamber (44) discharges oil to the hydraulic system, and the hydraulic system causes the discharged oil from the first oil chamber (44) to flow into the second oil chamber (45).

4. A short-screw structure hydraulic breaker, comprising a mounting base (10), a screw fixing body (20) fixed to the mounting base (10), a screw (30) movably mounted in the screw fixing body (20), a hammer arm (50) with one end hinged to the mounting base (10), a striking iron (60) fixed in the hammer arm (50), and a drive cylinder (260), wherein the striking iron (60) engages with the upper end of the screw (30) in a striking engagement, and the drive cylinder (260) has a telescopic drive rod (261), characterized in that: The drive cylinder (260) has an inverted structure. The drive rod (261) extends downward from the lower end of the cylinder body of the drive cylinder (260). The cylinder body of the drive cylinder (260) is hinged to the mounting base (10). The drive rod (261) of the drive cylinder (260) is hinged to the hammer arm (50). In the vertical direction, the drive cylinder (260), the hammer arm (50) and the chisel fixing body (20) are arranged in series from top to bottom. The hinge point between the drive cylinder (260) and the mounting base (10) and the hinge point between the drive cylinder (260) and the hammer arm (50) are both located on the upper side of the chisel fixing body (20). The drive cylinder (260) is an oil-gas mixing cylinder (250), which has an inverted structure. The oil-gas mixing cylinder (250) includes an oil-gas piston rod (251) extending downward from the lower end of its cylinder body, a partition plate (252) fixed inside the cylinder body, and a gas chamber piston (253) and an oil chamber piston (254) both fixed on the oil-gas piston rod (251). The partition plate (252) divides the internal space of the cylinder body into a non-communicating gas chamber (255) and an oil chamber (256). The piston (253) and the oil chamber (255) are distributed vertically. The air chamber piston (253) is movably disposed in the air chamber (255), and the air chamber (255) distributed on the upper side of the air chamber piston (253) is a high-pressure air chamber (257). The oil chamber piston (254) is movably disposed in the oil chamber (256) and divides the oil chamber (256) into an upper oil chamber (2561) distributed on the upper side and a lower oil chamber (2562) distributed on the lower side. The oil-air piston rod (251) constitutes the drive rod (261) of the drive cylinder (260).

5. The hydraulic breaker with a short chisel structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: It also includes a hydraulic system, which includes a hydraulic pump (160), an oil tank (170) connected to the hydraulic pump (160), a solenoid directional valve (180), and a control valve group. The solenoid directional valve (180) and the control valve group are both connected to the oil tank (170). The upper oil chamber (2561) and the lower oil chamber (2562) are both connected to the hydraulic pump (160) through the solenoid directional valve (180) and the control valve group.

6. The hydraulic breaker with a short chisel structure according to claim 2 or 5, characterized in that: It also includes a time controller, which is communicatively connected to the solenoid directional valve (180) and used to control the operating time of the solenoid directional valve (180).

7. The hydraulic breaker with a short chisel structure according to claim 2 or 5, characterized in that: The electromagnetic reversing valve (180) is fixed on the mounting base (10), and a shock-absorbing rubber pad (270) is fixed on the mounting base (10). The shock-absorbing rubber pad (270) is located between the electromagnetic reversing valve (180) and the mounting base (10).

8. The hydraulic breaker with a short chisel structure according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that: The hammer arm (50) includes a hammer connecting plate (51) and a hammer body (52) fixed to the end of the hammer connecting plate (51). The striking iron (60) is fixed to the hammer body (52). The fixing point between the hammer connecting plate (51) and the hammer body (52) is not a straight line.

9. The hydraulic breaker with a short chisel structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: The hammer body (52) has an installation hole (523) for accommodating the striking iron (60). The diameter of the installation hole (523) is smaller than the outer diameter of the striking iron (60). The striking iron (60) is fixed to the hammer body (52) by thermal expansion. The hammer body (52) has a disassembly through hole (522) above the striking iron (60).

10. The hydraulic breaker with a short chisel structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: The hammer arm (50) also includes an annular sleeve (53) fixed to the outer periphery of the striking iron (60). The hammer body (52) has a fixing hole (521) for accommodating the annular sleeve (53). The diameter of the fixing hole (521) is smaller than the outer diameter of the annular sleeve (53). The hammer body (52) and the annular sleeve (53) are fixed by thermal expansion. The hammer body (52) has a disassembly through hole (522) that runs vertically through the striking iron (60) above it.

11. The hydraulic breaker with a short chisel structure according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that: The drive cylinder (260) also includes a retractable annular dust cover (190), which is fitted around the outer periphery of the drive rod (261). The upper and lower ends of the annular dust cover (190) are connected to the cylinder body of the drive cylinder (260) and the drive rod (261) respectively.

12. The hydraulic breaker with a short chisel structure according to claim 11, characterized in that: The outer periphery of the cylinder body of the drive cylinder (260) and the outer periphery of the drive rod (261) are provided with several vertically distributed fixing slots (240). The upper and lower ends of the annular dust cover (190) are provided with connecting rings (191). The connecting rings (191) at the upper and lower ends of the annular dust cover (190) are respectively locked in the fixing slots (240) of the cylinder body of the drive cylinder (260) and the fixing slots (240) of the drive rod (261).

13. The hydraulic breaker with a short chisel structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower section of the drive rod (261) is a tapered section (421), the outer diameter of which gradually increases from top to bottom.

14. The hydraulic breaker with a short chisel structure according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that: It also includes a shock-absorbing support plate (80) and a shock-absorbing component fixed on the shock-absorbing support plate (80). The shock-absorbing support plate (80) includes a support plate portion (81) installed on the mounting base (10), a mounting plate portion (82) extending horizontally from the support plate portion (81), and a contact strip portion (83) extending upward from the upper end surface of the mounting plate portion (82). A slot is provided on the lower end surface of the mounting plate portion (82). The shock-absorbing component is located on the upper end side of the drill rod fixing body (20). The shock-absorbing component includes an upper iron plate (121), a rubber plate (122), and a lower iron plate (123). The rubber plate (122) is fixed between the upper iron plate (121) and the lower iron plate (123) by heat fusion fixing. The upper iron plate (121) is tightly fitted into the slot of the mounting plate portion (82).

15. The hydraulic breaker with a short chisel structure according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that: The mounting base (10) has an arc-shaped limiting groove (101), and the hammer arm (50) is fixed with a limiting pin (110). The limiting pin (110) passes through the limiting groove (101) and can abut against the two ends of the limiting groove (101).

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