A rapid muck removal method for narrow field tunnel construction

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of for narrow field tunnel construction quick muck method, comprising the following steps: one, excavate foundation pit and construction retaining wall;Two, lay transport track;Three, transport muck;Step four, repeat step three multiple times, continue with tunneling construction progress, and complete the transport work of tunnel muck.The application is aimed at the situation that river water flows through one side of the narrow field outside the tunnel, by setting transport track, not only facilitate the first group of transport car group and the second group of transport car group to pass back and forth, realize the cyclic transport of muck in the tunnel, and the land area of transport track is small, and a passable road can also be left in the field, which is convenient for construction personnel to pass and equipment transportation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of tunnel construction technology, specifically relating to a rapid muck-turning method for tunnel construction in narrow spaces. Background Technology

[0002] TBM refers to full-face hard rock tunnel boring machine. In recent years, TBMs have been widely used in tunnel construction in my country. The muck removal method mostly adopts the traditional rail transport and gantry crane muck turning method or belt conveyor muck removal method, but neither of these methods is suitable for small-diameter tunnel excavation.

[0003] On the one hand, due to the small excavation cross-section of small-diameter tunnels, it is impossible to install a belt conveyor muck removal system. On the other hand, the method of using gantry cranes in conjunction with mine cars to turn over muck, or using muck turners to turn over muck, requires loaders in conjunction with dump trucks to transport the muck to the muck yard. When turning over muck, the mine cars are first grouped and disassembled, and then regrouped after each section of the mine cars has been turned over. This method has low muck turning efficiency, high requirements for operators, and the gantry crane occupies a large area and poses a high risk to construction safety. Therefore, there is currently a lack of a method for turning over muck in tunnel construction in narrow spaces that is efficient and occupies a small area. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by this invention is to address the shortcomings of the prior art by providing a rapid muck-turning method for tunnel construction in narrow spaces. Specifically, for narrow spaces outside the tunnel where a river flows along one side, a transport track is installed. This facilitates the passage of the first and second transport vehicle groups, enabling the cyclical transport of muck within the tunnel. Furthermore, the transport track has a small footprint, leaving passageways for construction personnel and equipment. The installation of a muck-turning machine and a foundation pit facilitates the dumping of muck transported by the first and second transport vehicle groups into the pit, making it easy to promote and use.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a rapid muck-turning method for tunnel construction in narrow spaces, characterized in that the method includes the following steps:

[0006] Step 1: Excavate the foundation pit and construct the retaining wall:

[0007] Step 101: Conduct construction layout on the outside of the tunnel to determine the location of the foundation pit, the length of the muck removal ramp, and the location of the transport track. The transport track is located on the side of the foundation pit and the muck removal ramp away from the riverbank.

[0008] Step 102: Deploy a muck-turning machine on the access road, excavate a foundation pit on the side of the muck-turning machine closest to the riverbank, and excavate a muck-discharge ramp along the length of the access road. The lower end of the muck-discharge ramp is connected to the foundation pit.

[0009] Step 103: Construct a water-facing retaining wall on the side wall of the foundation pit and the slag discharge ramp that is close to the riverbank, and construct an earth retaining wall on the opposite side wall of the slag discharge ramp that is far from the riverbank, with the retaining wall extending to the slag turner.

[0010] Step 2: Laying transport tracks: Laying transport tracks on the access road for the passage of the first and second transport vehicle groups; wherein, the transport tracks include a first main rail extending into the tunnel, a first branch rail and a second branch rail connected to the first main rail and laid side by side, the other end of the first branch rail and the second branch rail being connected to the second main rail, and the first branch rail being laid close to the muck tipper.

[0011] The first group of transport vehicles and the second group of transport vehicles have the same structure. The first group of transport vehicles includes a first tractor, a second tractor, and n mining cars connected between the first tractor and the second tractor.

[0012] Step 3: Transporting the slag:

[0013] Step 301: Run the first group of transport vehicles: The first tractor of the first group of transport vehicles drives the first group of transport vehicles carrying slag out of the tunnel along the first main rail and into the first branch rail. Then, the slag in the multiple mine cars in the first group of transport vehicles is dumped into the pit by the slag dumper.

[0014] After the slag in the multiple mine cars has been dumped, the first tractor will drive the first group of transport cars onto the second main rail, and then the second tractor will drive the first group of transport cars onto the second branch rail. Then, the cars will enter the tunnel via the first main rail for the next slag transport operation.

[0015] Step 302: Operating the second group of transport vehicles: When the slag on the first group of transport vehicles has been dumped, the first tractor of the second group of transport vehicles will drive the second group of transport vehicles carrying the slag out of the tunnel along the first main rail and into the first branch rail. Then, the slag in the multiple mine cars in the second group of transport vehicles will be dumped in sequence by the slag dumper.

[0016] After the slag in the multiple mining cars has been emptied, the second group of transport cars is driven onto the second main rail by the first tractor, and then onto the second branch rail by the second tractor. After that, it is driven into the tunnel via the first main rail for the next slag transport operation.

[0017] Step 4: Repeat Step 3 multiple times to continuously coordinate with the tunnel excavation progress and complete the transportation of tunnel slag.

[0018] The above-mentioned rapid muck-turning method for tunnel construction in narrow spaces is characterized in that: in step one, the lower end of the muck-turning ramp is level with the bottom of the foundation pit, the upper end of the muck-turning ramp is level with the ground, and the slope ratio of the muck-turning ramp is 1:10.

[0019] The above-mentioned rapid muck-turning method for tunnel construction in narrow spaces is characterized in that: one end of the first branch rail and the second branch rail are connected to the first main rail through the first turnout, and the other end of the first branch rail and the second branch rail are connected to the second main rail through the second turnout.

[0020] The above-mentioned rapid slag dumping method for tunnel construction in narrow spaces is characterized in that: in step 301, the slag dumping process is as follows: when the i-th section of the first transport vehicle group runs to the slag dumping machine, the slag dumping machine and the i-th section of the mine car work together to dump the slag in the i-th section of the mine car into the foundation pit; wherein i and n are both positive integers, and 1≤i≤n.

[0021] The above-mentioned rapid muck-turning method for tunnel construction in narrow sites is characterized in that: both the water-adjacent retaining wall and the retaining wall are concrete retaining walls, the top of the water-adjacent retaining wall is at least 30cm higher than the top of the foundation pit and the top of the muck-discharge ramp, and the top of the retaining wall is level with the top of the foundation pit and the top of the muck-discharge ramp.

[0022] The above-mentioned rapid muck dumping method for tunnel construction in narrow spaces is characterized in that: a high-level sensor and a low-level sensor are installed on the inner wall of the foundation pit. During the process of dumping muck into the foundation pit, the high-level sensor in the foundation pit detects the height of the muck in the foundation pit. When the muck height detected by the high-level sensor meets the set maximum value, the muck discharge machine is operated to discharge muck through the muck discharge ramp. When the muck height detected by the low-level sensor meets the set minimum value, the operation of the muck discharge machine is stopped to discharge muck through the muck discharge ramp.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: For narrow sites outside the tunnel and where river water flows through one side of the site, by setting up a transport track, it is not only convenient for the first and second transport vehicle groups to travel back and forth, realizing the cyclical transport of slag inside the tunnel, but also the transport track occupies a small area and can leave passageways in the site, facilitating the passage of construction personnel and the transport of equipment. By setting up a slag dumping machine and a foundation pit, it is convenient to dump the slag transported by the first and second transport vehicle groups into the foundation pit, which is easy to promote and use.

[0024] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1This is a flowchart of the construction method of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first transport vehicle group and the first transport vehicle group of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the installation area of ​​the slag-turning machine of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Top view after removing the slag tilter.

[0030] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0031] 1. Excavation pit; 2. Slag removal ramp; 3. Water-adjacent retaining wall; 4. Retaining wall; 5. Access road; 6. Slag tipper; 7. First main rail; 8. Second main rail; 9. First turnout; 10. Second turnout; 11. First turnout rail; 12. Second turnout rail; 13. First tractor; 14. Second tractor; 15. Mine car; 16. Support beam; 17. First embedded steel plate; 18. Second embedded steel plate; 19. Third embedded steel plate; 20. Fourth embedded steel plate; 21. Fifth embedded steel plate; 22. First transport vehicle group; 23. Second transport vehicle group. Detailed Implementation

[0032] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, a rapid muck-turning method for tunnel construction in narrow spaces according to the present invention includes the following steps:

[0033] Step 1: Excavate the foundation pit and construct the retaining wall:

[0034] Step 101: Conduct construction layout on the outside of the tunnel to determine the location of the foundation pit 1, the length of the slag discharge ramp 2, and the location of the transport track. The transport track is located on the side of the foundation pit 1 and the slag discharge ramp 2 away from the riverbank.

[0035] Step 102: Install a muck-turning machine 6 on the access road 5, excavate a foundation pit 1 on the side of the muck-turning machine 6 near the riverbank, and excavate a slag discharge ramp 2 along the length of the access road 5. The lower end of the slag discharge ramp 2 is connected to the foundation pit 1.

[0036] Step 103: Construct a water-adjacent retaining wall 3 on the side wall of the foundation pit 1 and the slag discharge ramp 2 near the riverbank, and construct a retaining wall 4 on the opposite side wall of the slag discharge ramp 2 away from the riverbank, with the retaining wall 4 extending to the slag turner 6.

[0037] In actual construction, an installation area for the muck-turning machine 6 is set on the side of the foundation pit 1 away from the riverbank. The installation area for the muck-turning machine 6 is located at the end of the retaining wall 4 near the foundation pit 1. First embedded steel plates 17 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the installation area. A second embedded steel plate 18 is buried on the side where the two first embedded steel plates 17 are close to each other. A support beam 16 for installing the muck-turning machine 6 is erected on the second embedded steel plate 18. The muck-turning machine 6 is erected between the two support beams 16. A third embedded steel plate 19 is set at the lower part of the support beam 16. A fourth embedded steel plate 20 is buried at the end of the third embedded steel plate 19 away from the foundation pit 1. A fifth embedded steel plate 21 is set between the two fourth embedded steel plates 20. By setting the first embedded steel plate 17, the second embedded steel plate 18, the third embedded steel plate 19, the fourth embedded steel plate 20, and the fifth embedded steel plate 21, it is convenient to install the muck-turning machine 6.

[0038] It should be noted that support beam 16 is an I-beam steel beam.

[0039] In this embodiment, the lower end of the slag discharge ramp 2 is level with the bottom of the foundation pit 1, the upper end of the slag discharge ramp 2 is level with the ground, and the slope ratio of the slag discharge ramp 2 is 1:10.

[0040] During actual construction, the depth of the foundation pit 1 is 8m, and the distance between the foundation pit 1 and the riverbank is 1.5m to 2.0m, which facilitates the construction of the water-adjacent retaining wall 3. The water-adjacent retaining wall 3 is then covered with wire mesh and sprayed with protective film, which can be used as a water-blocking cofferdam during the flood season to avoid blocking the river water and ensure the safety of the slag-turning machine 6 during the flood season.

[0041] In this embodiment, both the water-adjacent retaining wall 3 and the retaining wall 4 are concrete retaining walls. The top of the water-adjacent retaining wall 3 is at least 30cm higher than the top of the foundation pit 1 and the top of the slag discharge ramp 2, and the top of the retaining wall 4 is level with the top of the foundation pit 1 and the top of the slag discharge ramp 2.

[0042] In actual construction, both the water-facing retaining wall 3 and the earth-retaining wall 4 are reinforced concrete retaining walls.

[0043] Step 2: Laying transport tracks: On the access road 5, transport tracks are laid for the passage of the first group of transport vehicles 22 and the second group of transport vehicles 23; wherein, the transport tracks include a first main rail 7 extending into the tunnel, a first branch rail 11 and a second branch rail 12 connected to the first main rail 7 and laid side by side, the other end of the first branch rail 11 and the second branch rail 12 are connected to the second main rail 8, and the first branch rail 11 is laid close to the muck turner 6.

[0044] The first group of transport vehicles 22 and the second group of transport vehicles 23 have the same structure. The first group of transport vehicles 22 includes a first tractor 13, a second tractor 14 and n mining cars 15 connected between the first tractor 13 and the second tractor 14.

[0045] In this embodiment, one end of the first branch rail 11 and the second branch rail 12 are connected to the first main rail 7 via the first turnout 9, and the other end of the first branch rail 11 and the second branch rail 12 are connected to the second main rail 8 via the second turnout 10.

[0046] Step 3: Transporting the slag:

[0047] Step 301: Run the first transport vehicle group 22: The first tractor 13 of the first transport vehicle group 22 drives the first transport vehicle group 22 carrying slag out of the tunnel along the first main rail 7 and into the first branch rail 11. Then, the slag in the multiple mine cars 15 in the first transport vehicle group 22 is dumped into the foundation pit 1 by the slag dumper 6.

[0048] After the slag in the multiple mining cars 15 has been emptied, the first group of transport cars 22 is driven into the second main rail 8 by the first tractor 13, and then the first group of transport cars 22 is driven into the second branch rail 12 by the second tractor 14. Then, it is driven into the tunnel through the first main rail 7 for the next slag transport operation.

[0049] In this embodiment, in step 301, the slag dumping process is as follows: when the i-th section of the first transport vehicle group 22 runs to the slag tipper 6, the slag tipper 6 cooperates with the i-th section of the mine car to dump the slag in the i-th section of the mine car into the foundation pit 1; where i and n are both positive integers, and 1≤i≤n.

[0050] It should be noted that the lengths of the first main rail 7, the second main rail 8, the first branch rail 11, and the second branch rail 12 are all greater than the length of the first transport vehicle group 22.

[0051] Step 302: Operating the second transport vehicle group 23: When the slag on the first transport vehicle group 22 has been dumped, the first tractor 13 of the second transport vehicle group 23 will drive the second transport vehicle group 23 carrying the slag out of the tunnel along the first main rail 7 and into the first branch rail 11. Then, the slag in the multiple mine cars 15 in the second transport vehicle group 23 will be dumped in sequence by the slag dumper 6.

[0052] After the slag in the multiple mining cars 15 has been emptied, the second group of transport cars 23 is driven into the second main rail 8 by the first tractor 13, and then the second group of transport cars 23 is driven into the second branch rail 12 by the second tractor 14. Then, it is driven into the tunnel through the first main rail 7 to carry out the next slag transport operation.

[0053] During actual construction, the first transport vehicle group 22, filled with slag, enters the first branch rail 11 from the first main rail 7 via the first turnout 9 and drives into the slag tipper 6. After the position of the mine car 15 closest to the first tractor 13 is adjusted, the clamping arm of the slag tipper 6 clamps the mine car 15 closest to the first tractor 13 via a hydraulic cylinder. Then, the motor of the slag tipper 6 is started, and the rotating parts of the slag tipper 6 are rotated 180° via the drive chain, realizing the dumping of slag from the mine car 15. After the slag in the mine car 15 has been dumped, Then, the drive chain of the slag tipper 6 rotates the rotating parts 180° in the opposite direction, disengaging the mine car 15 from the clamping arm of the slag tipper 6, allowing the first set of transport cars 22 to continue moving forward and enter the second main rail 8 via the second switch 10. Then, the second tractor 14 drives the first set of transport cars 22 from the second main rail 8 through the second switch 10 into the second branch rail 12. At this time, the second set of transport cars 23, which is full of slag, completely enters the slag tipper 6 and begins to dump the slag. This cycle is repeated to complete the rapid dumping of the slag.

[0054] In actual construction, the lengths of the first main rail 7, the second main rail 8, the first branch rail 11, and the second branch rail 12 are all greater than the length of the second transport train set 23. The first transport train set 22 and the second transport train set 23 are both Wilson coupler connected and assembled, which makes it easy to achieve operation without uncoupling when the coupler rotates along the axle.

[0055] In this embodiment, a high-level sensor and a low-level sensor are installed on the inner wall of the foundation pit 1. During the process of dumping slag into the foundation pit 1, the high-level sensor in the foundation pit 1 detects the height of the slag in the foundation pit 1. When the slag height detected by the high-level sensor meets the set maximum value, the slag discharge machine is operated to discharge slag through the slag discharge ramp 2. When the slag height detected by the low-level sensor meets the set minimum value, the operation of the slag discharge machine to discharge slag through the slag discharge ramp 2 is stopped. The slag discharge machine is a transport vehicle.

[0056] Step 4: Repeat Step 3 multiple times to continuously coordinate with the tunnel excavation progress and complete the transportation of tunnel slag.

[0057] This invention addresses situations where the tunnel has a narrow site with a river flowing through it on one side. By setting up a transport track, it not only facilitates the passage of the first and second transport vehicle groups 22 and 23, enabling the cyclical transport of slag inside the tunnel, but also minimizes the footprint of the transport track and leaves a passageway 5 in the site, facilitating the passage of construction personnel and the transport of equipment. By setting up a slag dumper 6 and a foundation pit 1, it is easy to dump the slag transported by the first and second transport vehicle groups 22 and 23 into the foundation pit 1. By setting up a slag discharge ramp, it is easy to transport the slag from the foundation pit 1 out of the foundation pit 1 for subsequent centralized processing.

[0058] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not constitute any limitation on the present invention. Any simple modifications, alterations, or equivalent structural changes made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention shall still fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rapid muck removal method for narrow site tunneling, characterized by, The method includes the following steps: Step 1: Excavate the foundation pit and construct the retaining wall: Step 101: Conduct construction layout on the outside of the tunnel to determine the location of the foundation pit (1), the length of the slag discharge ramp (2), and the location of the transport track. The transport track is located on the side of the foundation pit (1) and the slag discharge ramp (2) away from the riverbank. Step 102: Install a slag turner (6) on the access road (5), excavate a foundation pit (1) on the side of the slag turner (6) near the riverbank, and excavate a slag discharge ramp (2) along the length of the access road (5). The lower end of the slag discharge ramp (2) is connected to the foundation pit (1). Step 103: Construct a water-facing retaining wall (3) on the side wall of the foundation pit (1) and the slag discharge ramp (2) near the riverbank, and construct a retaining wall (4) on the opposite side wall of the slag discharge ramp (2) away from the riverbank, with the retaining wall (4) extending to the slag turner (6). Step 2: Laying transport tracks: On the access road (5), a transport track is laid for the first group of transport vehicles (22) and the second group of transport vehicles (23) to pass through; wherein, the transport track includes a first main rail (7) extending into the tunnel, a first branch rail (11) connected to the first main rail (7) and laid out side by side, and a second branch rail (12), the other end of the first branch rail (11) and the second branch rail (12) is connected to a second main rail (8), and the first branch rail (11) is laid close to the slag turner (6); The first group of transport vehicles (22) and the second group of transport vehicles (23) have the same structure. The first group of transport vehicles (22) includes a first tractor (13), a second tractor (14) and n mining cars (15) connected between the first tractor (13) and the second tractor (14). Step 3: Transporting the slag: Step 301: Run the first transport vehicle group (22): The first tractor (13) of the first transport vehicle group (22) drives the first transport vehicle group (22) carrying slag out of the tunnel along the first main rail (7) and into the first branch rail (11). Then, the slag in the multiple mine cars (15) in the first transport vehicle group (22) is dumped into the foundation pit (1) in turn by the slag dumper (6). After the slag in the multiple mine cars (15) has been dumped, the first group of transport cars (22) is driven into the second main rail (8) by the first tractor (13), and then the first group of transport cars (22) is driven into the second branch rail (12) by the second tractor (14). Then, it is driven into the tunnel through the first main rail (7) for the next slag transport operation. Step 302, running the second transport vehicle group (23): When the slag on the first transport vehicle group (22) is dumped, the second transport vehicle group (23) carrying the slag is driven out of the tunnel along the first main rail (7) and into the first branch rail (11) by the first tractor (13) of the second transport vehicle group (23). Then, the slag in the multiple mine cars (15) in the second transport vehicle group (23) is dumped in sequence by the slag dumper (6). After the slag in the multiple mine cars (15) has been dumped, the second group of transport cars (23) is driven into the second main rail (8) by the first tractor (13), and then the second group of transport cars (23) is driven into the second branch rail (12) by the second tractor (14). Then, it is driven into the tunnel through the first main rail (7) for the next slag transport operation. Step 4: Repeat Step 3 multiple times to continuously coordinate with the tunnel excavation progress and complete the transportation of tunnel slag.

2. A rapid muck removal method for narrow site tunneling according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step one, the lower end of the slag discharge ramp (2) is level with the bottom of the foundation pit (1), the upper end of the slag discharge ramp (2) is level with the ground, and the slope ratio of the slag discharge ramp (2) is 1:

10.

3. A rapid muck removal method for narrow site tunneling according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the first branch rail (11) and the second branch rail (12) is connected to the first main rail (7) through the first turnout (9), and the other end of the first branch rail (11) and the second branch rail (12) is connected to the second main rail (8) through the second turnout (10).

4. A rapid muck-turning method for tunnel construction in narrow spaces according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 301, the slag dumping process is as follows: when the i-th section of the first transport vehicle group (22) runs to the slag tipper (6), the slag tipper (6) cooperates with the i-th section of the mine car to dump the slag in the i-th section of the mine car into the pit (1); where i and n are both positive integers, and 1≤i≤n.

5. A rapid muck-turning method for tunnel construction in narrow spaces according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both the water-adjacent retaining wall (3) and the earth-retaining wall (4) are concrete retaining walls. The top of the water-adjacent retaining wall (3) is at least 30cm higher than the top of the foundation pit (1) and the top of the slag discharge ramp (2). The top of the earth-retaining wall (4) is level with the top of the foundation pit (1) and the top of the slag discharge ramp (2).

6. A rapid muck-turning method for tunnel construction in narrow spaces according to claim 1, characterized in that: High level sensor and low level sensor are installed on the inner wall of the foundation pit (1). During the process of dumping slag into the foundation pit (1), the high level sensor in the foundation pit (1) detects the height of the slag in the foundation pit (1). When the height of the slag detected by the high level sensor meets the set maximum value, the slag discharge machine is operated to discharge slag through the slag discharge ramp (2). When the height of the slag detected by the low level sensor meets the set minimum value, the operation of the slag discharge machine is stopped to discharge slag through the slag discharge ramp (2).

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