The invention discloses a compression column device and a clamp car, comprising: a support box for being fixed on a clamp beam; the pressing column body is supported on the supporting box body in a sliding manner; the driving screw rod is in threaded fit with the pressing column body; and the output end of the driving device is in transmission connection with the driving screw rod. According to the pressing column device, power is provided through the driving device, torque is output, and the driving screw is driven to rotate. The driving screw rod is in threaded fit with the pressing column body, and the pressing column body is in sliding fit with the supporting box body and can only move along a straight line, so that the pressing column body reciprocates under the rotation of the driving screw rod, the stretching and retracting of the pressing column body are realized, and the stretching and retracting function of the pressing column body is realized. Long-distance stretching and retracting of the pressing column body can be achieved, manual operation is not needed, the convenience and safety of the loading and unloading vehicle are improved, and the loading and unloading time is shortened.