Vibration absorber

Abstract

This application relates to the field of vibration reduction and noise reduction technology, specifically to a vibration absorber comprising a vibration-absorbing component. The vibration-absorbing component includes a vibration-absorbing body, a damping layer, and a vibration-absorbing layer. The vibration-absorbing body includes a uniform thickness portion and a black hole portion, with the damping layer disposed in the black hole portion. The vibration-absorbing body and the vibration-absorbing layer are stacked. Based on the frequency matching principle of dynamic vibration absorption, the natural frequency of the vibration absorber is designed according to the vibration frequency of the main structure requiring vibration reduction. This can be achieved by adjusting the parameters of the vibration-absorbing body, the damping layer, and the vibration-absorbing layer. The stacked arrangement allows the vibration absorber to control the vibration of the main structure at multiple frequencies, and the additional black hole portion further increases the number of tuning frequencies of the vibration absorber. Furthermore, the black hole portion can effectively control vibrations above the cutoff frequency, improving damping performance and widening the vibration reduction frequency range of the vibration absorber. This vibration absorber can effectively control the structure being vibration-damped at both the tuning and untuned frequencies, achieving wide-band vibration and noise control.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of vibration reduction and noise reduction technology, and more specifically, relates to a vibration absorber. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, my country's rail transit network has been continuously expanding. While bringing convenience to people's travel, the vibrations and noise generated during operation cause a series of environmental problems, such as discomfort for passengers and residents, track corrugation, and damage to fasteners. Currently, to achieve vibration and noise reduction in rail transit, three main aspects are considered: vibration source, propagation path, and vibrating body. Among these, vibration source reduction technology is the primary and most effective control measure. Damped rails and rail absorbers are two of the most common vibration source reduction measures. Damped rails suppress broadband vibration noise by increasing the damping of the structural system, but their vibration reduction effect in the low-order resonance frequency range of the rail still needs further improvement. Although rail absorbers can effectively control vibration in the low-order resonance frequency range of the rail, the vibration reduction frequency range is narrow, making it difficult to suppress broadband vibration noise. Therefore, existing vibration reduction measures are insufficient to suppress both the low-order resonance frequency range and broadband vibration noise of the rail. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this application is to propose a vibration absorber based on the acoustic black hole effect and the dynamic vibration absorption principle, so as to suppress both low-order resonant frequency range and wide vibration.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, according to one aspect of this application, a vibration absorber is provided, including a vibration-absorbing assembly. The vibration-absorbing assembly includes a vibration-absorbing body, a damping layer, and a vibration-absorbing layer. The vibration-absorbing body includes a uniform thickness portion and a black hole portion. The black hole portion has an opposing connecting end and a free end, the thickness of the black hole portion gradually decreasing along the direction from the connecting end to the free end, the connecting end being connected to the uniform thickness portion, and the damping layer being disposed at the free end of the black hole portion. The vibration-absorbing layer is an elastic damping material, and the vibration-absorbing layer and the vibration-absorbing body are stacked.

[0005] Optionally, there are multiple vibration-absorbing components, arranged sequentially from top to bottom. Adjacent vibration-absorbing components are spaced apart by vibration-absorbing layers.

[0006] Optionally, a damping layer connects two adjacent black hole sections.

[0007] Optionally, a vibration-absorbing layer is connected between two adjacent uniform thickness sections.

[0008] Optionally, the two damping layers on the upper and lower sides of the black hole are connected to each other at the free end.

[0009] Optionally, the two vibration-absorbing layers on either side of the width direction of the uniform thickness portion are interconnected.

[0010] Optionally, black hole portions are provided at both ends of the uniform thickness portion along its length.

[0011] Optionally, at least one end of the uniform thickness portion is provided with a plurality of black hole portions.

[0012] Optionally, the vibration absorber also includes a resilient clamp for clamping the vibration-absorbing assembly onto the rail.

[0013] Optionally, the elastic clamp has a clamping arm, the inner side of which is provided with a positioning groove, and the surface of the vibration-absorbing layer facing the positioning groove has a positioning protrusion for inserting into the positioning groove, which is a through hole.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the vibration absorber provided in this application are as follows:

[0015] The vibration-absorbing assembly includes a vibration-absorbing body, a damping layer, and a vibration-absorbing layer. The vibration-absorbing body comprises a uniform thickness section and a "black hole" section, with the damping layer disposed within the black hole section. The vibration-absorbing body and the vibration-absorbing layer are stacked. By designing the vibration-absorbing body, damping layer, and vibration-absorbing layer, the natural frequency of the vibration absorber is matched to the frequency of the main structure requiring vibration reduction, thereby effectively reducing vibration and radiated noise. The stacked arrangement allows the vibration absorber to obtain multiple tuning frequencies, enabling multi-frequency vibration control of the main structure. The additional black hole section further increases the number of tuning frequencies. Furthermore, because the thickness of the black hole section gradually decreases along the direction from the connecting end to the free end, the wave velocity of the elastic wave gradually decreases, allowing the vibration-absorbing device to concentrate elastic waves above the cutoff frequency at a small thickness, which are then dissipated by the added damping material. This not only improves damping performance but also broadens the vibration reduction frequency range of the vibration absorber. This vibration absorber can effectively control the structure being vibration-damped at both the tuning and untuned frequencies, achieving wide-band vibration and noise control. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 Schematic diagrams of the structure of the vibration-absorbing body provided for some embodiments of this application;

[0018] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a first type of vibration absorber provided for some embodiments of this application;

[0019] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of a second type of vibration absorber provided for some embodiments of this application;

[0020] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of a third type of vibration absorber provided for some embodiments of this application;

[0021] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of a fourth type of vibration absorber provided for some embodiments of this application;

[0022] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of a fifth type of vibration absorber provided for some embodiments of this application;

[0023] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure of a sixth type of vibration absorber provided for some embodiments of this application;

[0024] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the structure of a vibration-absorbing layer is provided for some embodiments of this application;

[0025] Figure 9 A schematic diagram of another vibration-absorbing layer provided for some embodiments of this application;

[0026] Figure 10 A structural schematic diagram of a vibration absorber and a rail provided from one perspective for some embodiments of this application;

[0027] Figure 11 Another structural schematic diagram of the vibration absorber and rail provided for some embodiments of this application;

[0028] Figure 12 Another structural schematic diagram of the vibration absorber and rail provided for some embodiments of this application;

[0029] Figure 13 Schematic diagrams of a vibration absorber mounted on a track slab for some embodiments of this application;

[0030] Figure 14 A schematic diagram of the structure of a vibration absorber assembled with a steel rail via an elastic clamp, provided for some embodiments of this application;

[0031] Figure 15 A schematic diagram of the structure of a vibration absorber assembled with a rail via another elastic clamp, provided for some embodiments of this application;

[0032] Figure 16 for Figure 15 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0033] Figure 17 Schematic diagram of a vibration absorber assembled at the bottom of a rail, provided for other embodiments of this application;

[0034] Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of the structure in some embodiments of this application, showing the connection between the uniform thickness portion and the black hole portion by welding.

[0035] Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram of the structure in some embodiments of this application, showing the connection between the uniform thickness portion and the black hole portion via fasteners.

[0036] The details of the reference numerals used in the above figures are as follows:

[0037] 100. Vibration absorber;

[0038] 10. Vibration-absorbing components;

[0039] 11. Vibration-absorbing body; 110. Uniform thickness section; 111. Black hole section; 112. Fastener; 1110. Connecting end; 1111. Free end;

[0040] 12. Vibration-absorbing layer; 121. Positioning protrusion;

[0041] 13. Damping layer;

[0042] 14. Elastic clamp; 141. Clamping arm; 142. Positioning groove;

[0043] 151. First clamping part; 152. Second clamping part; 154. Connector; 153. Mounting cavity;

[0044] 20. Rail; 21. Rail web.

[0045] 30. Track slab. Detailed Implementation

[0046] To make the technical problems, technical solutions, and beneficial effects to be solved by this application clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and are not intended to limit the scope of this application.

[0047] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another element, it can be directly or indirectly on that other element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly or indirectly connected to that other element. Unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other. This application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0048] It should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.

[0049] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0050] Combination Figures 1 to 7 ,as well as Figure 13 As shown, in order to solve the above problems, according to one aspect of this application, an embodiment of this application provides a vibration absorber 100, including a vibration absorption component 10. The vibration absorption component 10 includes a vibration absorption body 11, a damping layer 13, and a vibration absorption layer 12. The vibration absorption body 11 includes a uniform thickness portion 110 and a black hole portion 111. The black hole portion 111 has a connecting end 1110 and a free end 1111, and the thickness of the black hole portion 111 gradually decreases along the direction from the connecting end 1110 to the free end 1111. The connecting end 1110 is connected to the uniform thickness portion 110. The damping layer 13 is disposed at the free end 1111 of the black hole portion 111. The vibration absorption layer 12 is an elastic damping material, and the vibration absorption body 11 and the vibration absorption layer 12 are stacked.

[0051] Applying the above-described technical solution of this application, the vibration-absorbing component 10 includes a vibration-absorbing body 11, a damping layer 13, and a vibration-absorbing layer 12 made of elastic damping material. The vibration-absorbing body 11 and the vibration-absorbing layer 12 are stacked. Through the cooperation of the vibration-absorbing body 11, the damping layer 13, and the vibration-absorbing layer 12, the natural frequency of the vibration absorber 100 is matched with the natural frequency of the structure being damped, thereby effectively reducing vibration and radiated noise. The vibration-absorbing body 11 includes a uniform thickness portion 110 and a black hole portion 111 connected to the uniform thickness portion 110. The thickness of the black hole portion 111 gradually decreases in the direction away from the uniform thickness portion 110. The acoustic black hole principle can be used to reduce vibrations above the cutoff frequency. Furthermore, according to the frequency matching principle of dynamic vibration absorption, the natural frequency of the vibration absorber is designed according to the frequency at which the main structure needs to be damped. Specifically, this can be achieved by adjusting the parameters of the vibration-absorbing body, the damping layer, and the vibration-absorbing layer. The stacked arrangement allows the vibration absorber to obtain multiple tuning frequencies, thereby enabling multi-frequency vibration control of the main structure. The additional black hole section not only further increases the number of tuning frequencies but also effectively controls vibrations above the cutoff frequency, improving damping performance and widening the vibration reduction frequency range of the vibration absorber. This vibration absorber can effectively control the structure being damped in both the tuning and untuned frequency ranges to achieve a wide-band vibration reduction and noise reduction effect.

[0052] The vibration absorber 100 is installed on the structure being damped to absorb the vibration energy of the structure. For example... Figure 10 , Figure 11 and Figure 12 As shown. In this application, the vibration absorber 100 is installed on the rail 20 to absorb the vibration energy generated by the rail 20 when the train is running. In specific installation, the vibration absorber 100 can be set at the web 21 of the rail 20 or at the bottom of the rail 20, depending on the actual installation needs.

[0053] See Figure 13 As shown, in some other embodiments, the track slab 30 is disposed below and connected to the rail 20. Exemplarily, the rail 20 and track slab 30 can be fixedly connected by fasteners, track spikes and spring clips, or other methods. The vibration absorber 100 is disposed inside or at the bottom of the track slab 30, and its shape can also be cylindrical. Its shape and installation position can be adjusted according to vibration reduction requirements and installation space, and are not specifically limited here. The vibration absorber 100 is fixedly connected to the track slab 30 for vibration damping of the track slab 30. The vibration absorber 100 and track slab 30 can also be connected by bolts.

[0054] See Figures 3 to 7As shown, the vibration-absorbing body 11 and the vibration-absorbing layer 12 are stacked. It should be noted that the vibration-absorbing body 11 and the vibration-absorbing layer 12 are arranged vertically, with the vibration-absorbing layer 12 positioned above or below the vibration-absorbing body 11. The natural frequency of the vibration absorber can be changed by adjusting the shape, material, and relative position of the vibration-absorbing layer 12 and the vibration-absorbing body 11. The vibration-absorbing layer 12 is made of a viscoelastic damping material, such as rubber. Other elastic damping materials can also be used, and this is not limited. The vibration-absorbing layer 12 not only provides elastic support for the vibration-absorbing body 11 but also absorbs vibrations using its own damping characteristics. Furthermore, multiple stacked vibration-absorbing components 10 can be used to control multiple natural frequencies. Depending on the required vibration reduction frequency, the multiple vibration-absorbing layers 12 can be made of different materials, and the multiple vibration-absorbing bodies 11 can also be made of different materials, allowing each layer of the vibration-absorbing component 10 to match different natural frequencies to improve the vibration absorption effect. In addition, the black hole part in the vibration-absorbing body can also be made of different materials, and in this case, it can be integrated with the uniform part through mechanical connection and welding connection.

[0055] See Figure 1As shown, in some embodiments, the vibration-absorbing body 11 includes a uniform thickness portion 110 and a black hole portion 111. The uniform thickness portion 110 serves as the main body of the vibration-absorbing body 11 and is used to absorb the vibration of the structure being damped. The uniform thickness portion 110 has a uniform cross-sectional thickness along the vertical direction; for example, it is approximately a cuboid, but it can also be designed as a cylinder or other shapes depending on the actual situation, without specific limitations. If the uniform thickness portion 110 is a cylinder or other shape, the black hole portion 111 also needs to be adjusted accordingly. The uniform thickness portion 110 is also connected to the black hole portion 111, allowing the uniform thickness portion 110 to transmit the vibration of the structure being damped to the black hole portion 111. The connection between the uniform thickness portion 110 and the black hole portion 111 can be direct or indirect, such as a mechanical connection. Specifically, the connecting end 1110 of the black hole section 111 is connected to the uniform thickness section 110, and the free end 1111 of the black hole section 111 is positioned opposite to the connecting end 1110, thus forming a cantilever structure capable of absorbing the vibration energy transmitted by the damping structure. The thickness of the black hole section 111 gradually decreases along the direction from the connecting end 1110 to the free end 1111, enabling the black hole section 111 to achieve a wide-frequency damping effect. When vibration is transmitted from the connecting end 1110 to the free end 1111 of the black hole section 111, the gradually decreasing thickness of the black hole section 111 causes the wave velocity to gradually decrease, achieving wave concentration. Therefore, adding the black hole section 111 to the uniform thickness section 110 not only increases the number of tuning frequencies but also allows for effective control of vibrations above the cutoff frequency, thereby widening the damping frequency range. The uniform thickness portion 110 and the black hole portion 111 are integrally formed. Alternatively, the uniform thickness portion 110 and the black hole portion 111 can be separate structures connected together. For example, see... Figure 18 As shown, the uniform thickness portion 110 and the black hole portion 111 are connected by welding. Or see [other details]. Figure 19 As shown, the uniform thickness portion 110 and the black hole portion 111 are connected by a fastener 112, which can be a screw; of course, the uniform thickness portion 110 and the black hole portion 111 can also be connected by a snap-fit ​​mechanism, etc.

[0056] In some embodiments, the uniform thickness portion 110 and the black hole portion 111 may be made of metallic or alloy materials, such as copper, lead, or high-density and low-modulus materials, specifically designed according to the vibration reduction requirements of the main structure. The black hole portion 111 may also be made of a damping material.

[0057] See Figure 1As shown, in some optional embodiments, damping layers 13 are provided on both opposite sides of the free end 1111 of the black hole portion 111, that is, damping layers 13 are provided on both sides of the black hole portion 111 in the thickness direction, and the thickness direction of the black hole portion 111 is parallel to the height direction of the uniform thickness portion 110; wherein, the damping layer 13 is made of a viscoelastic material, such as rubber or other viscoelastic materials. During installation, the damping layer 13 can be fixed to the free end 1111 of the black hole portion 111 by vulcanization or bonding. The damping layer 13 has a damping effect, which can effectively reduce vibration and noise. Therefore, by providing a damping layer 13 in the black hole portion 111, the vibration of the structure being damped can be further reduced, and the vibration reduction effect of the vibration absorber 100 can be improved.

[0058] See Figure 10 , Figure 11 and Figure 12 As shown in some embodiments of this application, the rail 20 is provided with a vibration-absorbing body 11, which includes a uniform thickness portion 110 and a black hole portion 111. Damping layers 13 are provided on both opposite sides of the free end 1111 of the black hole portion 111. When the rail 20 vibrates, the vibration is transmitted to the black hole portion 111 through the uniform thickness portion 110, causing the black hole portion 111 to vibrate and thus dissipate the vibration energy of the rail 20, thereby suppressing the vibration of the rail 20. This reduces the noise generated by the vibration of the rail 20, achieving the purpose of vibration reduction and noise reduction. Simultaneously, the addition of damping layers 13 to the black hole portion 111 can further reduce the vibration of the structure being damped, improving the vibration reduction effect of the vibration absorber 100.

[0059] See Figures 3 to 7 As shown, there are multiple vibration-absorbing components 10, arranged sequentially from top to bottom. Adjacent vibration-absorbing bodies 11 are spaced apart by vibration-absorbing layers 12. Each vibration-absorbing body 11 and each vibration-absorbing layer 12 can be designed according to the specific natural frequency to be controlled, thus achieving control of multiple natural frequencies. For example, the materials of different layers of vibration-absorbing bodies 11 can be different, the same, or partially the same; similarly, the materials of different layers of vibration-absorbing layers 12 can be different, the same, or partially the same, allowing the vibration absorber 100 to match different natural frequencies.

[0060] See Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, in some embodiments, a damping layer 13 connects two adjacent black hole portions 111. The damping layer 13 and the vibration-absorbing layer 12 can be an integrally formed structure. It should be noted that, for Figure 6 and Figure 7The damping layer 13 and the vibration-absorbing layer 12 can also be configured as separate structures, that is, the damping layer 13 and the vibration-absorbing layer 12 are independent components, connected together by means of bonding or other methods. When the damping layer 13 and the vibration-absorbing layer 12 are separate structures, the materials of the damping layer 13 and the vibration-absorbing layer 12 can be the same or different, and the specific method can be determined according to the actual situation.

[0061] In some alternative embodiments, multiple vibration-absorbing bodies 11 are stacked from top to bottom. For example... Figure 5 As shown, the multiple uniformly thick sections 110 are integrated into a single structure; a damping layer 13 connects two adjacent black hole sections 111, and the black hole section 111 and the damping layer 13 can be fixed together by bonding. The damping layer 13 not only provides elastic support for the black hole section 111, but also absorbs vibrations using its own damping characteristics, thereby improving the vibration reduction effect of the vibration absorber.

[0062] See Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, in some embodiments, a vibration-absorbing layer 12 is connected between two adjacent uniform thickness portions 110.

[0063] In some alternative embodiments, multiple vibration-absorbing bodies 11 are stacked from top to bottom. A vibration-absorbing layer 12 connects two adjacent uniform thickness portions 110, and the length of the vibration-absorbing layer 12 is less than or equal to the length of the uniform thickness portion 110, such as... Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown.

[0064] In some alternative embodiments, multiple vibration-absorbing bodies 11 are stacked from top to bottom. For example... Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, a vibration-absorbing layer 12 is connected between two adjacent uniform thickness portions 110. A damping layer 13 is connected between two adjacent black hole portions 111, and the two damping layers 13 are connected to each other at the free end 1111. The vibration-absorbing body 11 is completely embedded in the structure formed by the damping layer 13 and the vibration-absorbing layer 12. This not only provides elastic support for the vibration-absorbing body 11, but also protects it. Furthermore, Figure 7 The length of the bottommost vibration-absorbing layer 12 can be less than or equal to the length of the uniform thickness portion 110. Furthermore, the shape of the lower surface of the vibration-absorbing layer 12 can be adapted to the shape of the mounting surface of the structure being damped.

[0065] See Figure 8 and Figure 9As shown, in some embodiments, the two vibration-absorbing layers 12 on either side of the uniform thickness portion 110 in the width direction are interconnected. This not only protects the uniform thickness portion 110 but also facilitates its installation, preventing damage during installation. Furthermore, this arrangement makes the overall structure of the vibration absorber 100 more stable, preventing long-term vibration from causing the vibration-absorbing body 11 and the vibration-absorbing layer 12 to disconnect, thus affecting the vibration reduction effect of the vibration absorber 100. Additionally, the uniform thickness portion 110 is mounted on the structure to be vibration-damped via the vibration-absorbing layer 12. The side of the uniform thickness portion 110 connected to the structure protrudes beyond the edge of the uniform thickness portion 110 facing the structure to be vibration-damped, creating a gap between the black hole portion 111 and the structure to be vibration-damped. This prevents the black hole portion 111 from colliding with the structure to generate noise during vibration.

[0066] See Figures 1 to 7 and combined Figure 10 , 12 and Figure 14 To further enhance the vibration reduction and noise reduction function of the vibration absorber, black hole portions 111 are respectively provided at both ends of the uniform thickness portion 110 along its length. The length direction of the uniform thickness portion 110 is the X-axis direction, the height direction is the Z-axis direction, and the width direction is the Y-axis direction. The X, Y, and Z axes are perpendicular to each other. The number of black hole portions 111 can be flexibly set according to actual needs to match the fixed frequency of the main structure, and is not limited here.

[0067] In some alternative embodiments, at least one end of the uniform thickness portion 110 is provided with a plurality of black hole portions 111. For example... Figure 4 As shown, two black hole portions 111 are provided at both ends of the uniform thickness portion 110 along the Z-axis direction. The two black hole portions 111 can be made of different materials or have different cross-sectional shapes and size parameters so that each black hole portion 111 matches a different natural frequency.

[0068] See Figure 14 , Figure 15 and Figure 16 As shown, in some embodiments, the vibration absorber 100 further includes an elastic clip 14 for clamping the vibration absorption assembly 10 onto the rail 20, so that the vibration absorber 100 can effectively reduce vibration and noise. The vibration absorption assembly 10 can also be fixed by adhesive bonding.

[0069] See Figure 14As shown, in some optional embodiments, there are multiple elastic clips 14. The vibration-absorbing assembly 10 is clamped at the rail web 21 by multiple elastic clips 14, which are arranged along the extension direction of the rail 20. The vibration-absorbing layer 12 is made of rubber, and one side of the vibration-absorbing layer 12 is in contact with the rail web 21. A gap exists between the black hole portion 111 and the rail 20, thereby preventing the black hole portion 111 from colliding with the rail 20 and generating noise when it vibrates.

[0070] Combination Figure 15 As shown, in some embodiments, the elastic clip 14 has a clamping arm 141, and a positioning groove 142 is provided on the inner side of the clamping arm 141. The surface of the vibration-absorbing layer 12 facing the positioning groove 142 has a positioning protrusion 121, which is used to insert into the positioning groove 142, and the positioning groove 142 is a through hole. In order to facilitate the alignment of the positioning protrusion 121 and the positioning groove 142, the positioning groove 142 is designed as a through hole so that the positioning protrusion 121 can be quickly and accurately inserted into the through hole, thereby ensuring the stability of the vibration absorber 100 installation. There are two clamping arms 141 in the elastic clip 14, and the two clamping arms 141 are connected to each other. The vibration-absorbing assembly 10 is installed on the rail 20 by the two clamping arms 141, wherein the two clamping arms 141 in each elastic clip 14 are located on opposite sides of the rail 20. To maintain a stable clamping force and prevent the vibration-absorbing component 10 from shifting or falling off, the vibration damping and noise reduction effect and stability of the vibration absorber 100 are guaranteed. During installation, the elastic clamp 14 is passed around the bottom of the rail 20, so that the two clamping arms 141 are located on both sides of the rail 20. The two clamping arms 141 are pulled apart using an installation tool, and then released to install the vibration-absorbing component 10 onto the rail 20. Because the vibration-absorbing layer 12 and the clamping arms are respectively provided with matching positioning protrusions 121 and positioning grooves 142, installation is more convenient and efficient.

[0071] See Figure 16 As shown, the length direction of the positioning protrusion 121 is set at an angle α with the height direction of the vibration-absorbing body 11, so that the clamping force of the elastic clamp 14 remains stable and the vibration-absorbing assembly 10 is prevented from moving along the length direction of the rail 20 when vibrating.

[0072] In some embodiments, to improve the clamping effect, there are multiple positioning protrusions 121 and multiple positioning grooves 142. The multiple positioning grooves 142 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the multiple positioning protrusions 121; wherein, at least two positioning protrusions 121 are not parallel in their length directions. It should be noted that the non-parallel length directions of at least two positioning protrusions 121 mean that the angle between the two positioning protrusions 121 can be an obtuse angle, an acute angle, or a right angle. See [reference needed]. Figure 6As shown. For example, the two positioning protrusions 121 are arranged in a figure-eight shape, so that when the positioning protrusions 121 are inserted into the positioning grooves 142, the movement of the vibration absorption assembly 10 can be further restricted in the length direction of the rail 20.

[0073] See Figure 17 As shown, in some optional embodiments, the vibration absorber includes a mounting clip, which includes a first clamping part 151 and a second clamping part 152. The first clamping part 151 and the second clamping part 152 are fixedly connected by a connector 154 to mount the vibration absorber to the bottom of the rail 20. The second clamping part 152 has a mounting cavity 153 for fixing the vibration absorption assembly 10. The second locking member 154 can be a screw, bolt, or nail, etc. It should be noted that the number of mounting cavities 153 can also be one or more. When there are multiple mounting cavities 153, the multiple mounting cavities 153 are distributed at intervals from top to bottom.

[0074] In summary, implementing the vibration absorber provided in this embodiment has at least the following beneficial technical effects:

[0075] (1) The vibration absorption assembly 10 includes a vibration absorption body 11, a damping layer 13, and a vibration absorption layer 12 made of elastic damping material. The vibration absorption body 11 and the vibration absorption layer 12 are stacked, and the vibration absorption layer 12, the damping layer 13, and the vibration absorption body 11 can be designed according to the frequency of vibration reduction required by the main structure to determine the natural frequency of the vibration absorber 100. Multiple stacked vibration absorption assemblies 10 can realize multi-frequency vibration control of the main structure. Moreover, according to the frequency to be controlled, multiple vibration absorption layers 12 can be made of different materials, and multiple vibration absorption bodies 11 can also be made of different materials, so that each layer of vibration absorption assembly 10 can be matched with different vibration frequencies to improve the vibration absorption effect;

[0076] (2) The vibration-absorbing body 11 includes a uniform thickness portion 110 and a black hole portion 111 connected to the uniform thickness portion 110. The thickness of the black hole portion 111 gradually decreases in the direction away from the uniform thickness portion 110. Increasing the number of black hole portions 111 can increase the number of tuning frequencies of the vibration absorber 100. Based on the acoustic black hole principle, the black hole portion 111 can effectively control vibrations above the cutoff frequency, thereby widening the vibration reduction frequency range of the vibration absorber 100. This allows the vibration absorber 100 to control the vibration of the structure being damped in a larger frequency range, achieving a wide-band vibration reduction and noise reduction effect.

[0077] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A vibration absorber, characterized in that, The device includes a vibration-absorbing assembly, which comprises a vibration-absorbing body, a damping layer, and a vibration-absorbing layer. The vibration-absorbing body includes a uniform thickness portion and a black hole portion. The black hole portion has a connecting end and a free end, and the thickness of the black hole portion gradually decreases along the direction from the connecting end to the free end. The connecting end is connected to the uniform thickness portion. The damping layer is disposed at the free end of the black hole portion. The vibration-absorbing layer is an elastic damping material, and the vibration-absorbing layer and the vibration-absorbing body are stacked together. The uniform thickness portion and the black hole portion are separate structures but connected, or the uniform thickness portion and the black hole portion are integrally formed; the uniform thickness portion is made of metal or alloy material, and the black hole portion is made of metal, alloy or damping material; The number of vibration-absorbing components is one or more, and multiple vibration-absorbing components are arranged sequentially from top to bottom. Adjacent vibration-absorbing bodies are spaced apart by the vibration-absorbing layer, and multiple vibration-absorbing bodies are stacked from top to bottom. The vibration-absorbing layer is connected between two adjacent uniform thickness portions, and the damping layer is connected between two adjacent black hole portions.

2. The vibration absorber according to claim 1, characterized in that, The two damping layers on the upper and lower sides of the black hole section are connected to each other at the free end.

3. The vibration absorber according to claim 1, characterized in that, The two vibration-absorbing layers on either side of the width direction of the uniform thickness portion are interconnected.

4. The vibration absorber according to claim 1, characterized in that, The black hole portion is provided at both ends of the uniform thickness portion along its length.

5. The vibration absorber according to claim 2, characterized in that, At least one end of the uniform thickness portion is provided with a plurality of black hole portions.

6. The vibration absorber according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes an elastic clamp for clamping the vibration-absorbing assembly onto the rail.

7. The vibration absorber according to claim 6, characterized in that, The elastic clamp has a clamping arm, and a positioning groove is provided on the inner side of the clamping arm. The surface of the vibration-absorbing layer facing the positioning groove has a positioning protrusion, which is used to insert into the positioning groove. The positioning groove is a through hole.

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