Bridge swivel space trajectory monitoring system and monitoring method

Abstract

A bridge swivel space trajectory monitoring system, including laser vertical projection and horizontal monitoring device, swivel process monitoring device and two groups of swivel positioning device, laser vertical projection and horizontal monitoring device is installed in the end of bridge, swivel process monitoring device, swivel positioning device are installed on the ground, swivel process monitoring device is located on the ground theoretical projection trajectory line, two groups of swivel positioning device are located in the start position and end position of the ground theoretical projection trajectory line;Laser vertical projection and horizontal monitoring device is used for monitoring bridge horizontal movement trajectory line;Swivel process monitoring device is used for monitoring the deviation value between bridge swivel process and theoretical swivel;Swivel positioning device is used for observing the horizontal and vertical deviation value of bridge actual trajectory laser point and theoretical trajectory laser point in start position and end position.The design is not only convenient, stable, but also has good monitoring effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of bridge rotation construction monitoring technology, and in particular to a bridge rotation spatial trajectory monitoring system and monitoring method. Background Technology

[0002] To ensure the smooth positioning of the bridge beam during the rotation process, continuous measurement of the beam's attitude at numerous monitoring points is required. This results in a very heavy monitoring workload and requires a large number of complex calculations. Although some monitoring work has now been automated, if monitoring instruments, computer equipment, software programs, communication interfaces, or other equipment malfunctions or calculation errors occur, the rotation work will need to be paused until the fault is resolved before it can continue. This will cause the cantilever beam to remain in place for a long time, which is detrimental to the stability of the beam and delays the effective rotation time of the beam. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings and problems of cumbersome and unstable bridge rotation monitoring in the existing technology, and to provide a bridge rotation spatial trajectory monitoring system and method that is convenient and stable in monitoring.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is:

[0005] A bridge rotation spatial trajectory monitoring system includes a laser vertical projection and horizontal monitoring device, a rotation process monitoring device, and two sets of rotation positioning devices. The laser vertical projection and horizontal monitoring device is installed at the end of the bridge, while the rotation process monitoring device and the rotation positioning device are both installed on the ground. The rotation process monitoring device is located on the theoretical ground projection trajectory line formed vertically downward by the laser vertical projection and horizontal monitoring device during the theoretical rotation of the bridge. The two sets of rotation positioning devices are located at the starting and ending positions of the theoretical ground projection trajectory line, respectively.

[0006] The laser vertical projection and horizontal monitoring device is used to emit a laser vertically downward from the end of the bridge to obtain the actual trajectory laser point by vertical projection of the outer contour of the bridge, and to automatically measure the actual vertical distance from the end of the bridge to the ground to monitor the horizontal movement trajectory line of the bridge while performing vertical projection.

[0007] The rotation process monitoring device is used to monitor the deviation between the actual trajectory laser point of the laser vertical projection and horizontal monitoring device and the theoretical projection trajectory line of the bridge on the ground during the bridge rotation process, and to measure the deviation between the actual vertical distance from the laser vertical projection and horizontal monitoring device installed at the end of the bridge to the ground and the theoretical vertical distance.

[0008] The rotating positioning device is used to observe the lateral and longitudinal deviations of the bridge under external or internal forces during the process of waiting for the bridge to rotate while stationary at the starting position of the theoretical projection trajectory line on the ground, as well as to observe the lateral and longitudinal deviations between the actual trajectory laser point and the theoretical trajectory laser point at the ending position of the theoretical projection trajectory line after the bridge is actually rotated and positioned.

[0009] The laser vertical projection and horizontal monitoring device includes four automatic leveling bases and four mounting brackets. The four automatic leveling bases are respectively connected to the upper side of the four mounting brackets, and the four mounting brackets are respectively installed at the four apex corners of the bridge. Each automatic leveling base includes a top plate and a bottom plate spaced apart vertically. A leveling device for leveling the top plate is provided on the upper side of the bottom plate and is connected to the top plate. A connecting hole is provided on the lower side of the bottom plate, and an elliptical hole is provided on the lower side of each mounting bracket. A hollow bolt is provided in the elliptical hole, and the bottom end of the hollow bolt passes through the elliptical hole and is threaded into the connecting hole. The outer side of the hollow bolt is in contact with the smooth surface of the inner side of the elliptical hole. A through hole is provided on the upper side of the top plate, and a mounting shaft is provided in the through hole. A laser ranging module is provided in the mounting shaft, and the output end of the laser ranging module is arranged relative to the central axis of the hollow bolt.

[0010] The laser ranging module is used to emit an indicator laser vertically downward and measure the distance from the automatic leveling base to the ground.

[0011] The leveling device includes a circular horizontal bubble, a power supply, rod end joint bearings, two support rods, and two sets of drive components. Both the top plate and the bottom plate are equilateral triangular structures. The circular horizontal bubble, the power supply, and the two sets of drive components are all located on the upper side of the bottom plate. The lower end of the rod end joint bearing is connected to one vertex of the bottom plate, and the upper end of the rod end joint bearing is hinged to one vertex of the top plate. The two support rods are symmetrically arranged along the central axis of the bottom plate at the other two vertices of the bottom plate, and the upper ends of the two support rods are threaded to the other two vertices of the top plate, respectively. Both sets of drive components are connected to the power supply and control the rotation of the two support rods. A display component is provided on the upper side of the top plate, and a control component is provided on the lower side of the top plate. The power supply, drive components, display components, and control components are connected.

[0012] The laser vertical projection and horizontal monitoring device further includes a first motor, a pinion, a large gear, a prism frame, a second motor, a drive gear, a driven gear, and a prism lens. The first motor is connected to the control component and is located on the lower side of the top plate. The pinion is connected to the output end of the first motor. The large gear is located in the through hole and meshes with the pinion. The large gear is sleeved on the outer circumferential surface of the mounting shaft at its lower end. The prism frame is connected to the upper end of the mounting shaft. The second motor is connected to the control component and is located on the outer side of the prism frame. Its output end passes through the prism frame and is located on the inner side of the prism frame. The drive gear is connected to the output end of the second motor. The driven gear meshes with the drive gear. The prism lens is rotatably connected to the prism frame via a horizontal shaft. The driven gear is sleeved on the horizontal shaft.

[0013] The rotation process monitoring device includes multiple cones, which are installed on the ground along the theoretical projection trajectory line. The upper surfaces of the cones are all horizontally arranged, and reflective patches with crosshairs are installed on the upper surfaces of the cones. The center of the crosshairs on the reflective patches is located on the theoretical projection trajectory line, and the auxiliary lines of the crosshairs coincide with the perpendicular bisector of the theoretical projection trajectory line. The reflective patches are used to indicate the position of the bridge by the laser vertical projection and the laser emitted by the horizontal monitoring device, and to measure the distance by reflecting the laser.

[0014] The rotating positioning device includes a stainless steel target and a support frame. The support frame is located on the ground, and the stainless steel target is connected to the upper side of the support frame. A crosshair scale is provided at the center of the upper surface of the stainless steel target. Multiple arc-shaped holes are opened on the upper surface of the stainless steel target. The multiple arc-shaped holes are circumferentially distributed relative to the center point of the crosshair scale on the stainless steel target. A threaded post is provided in each arc-shaped hole. The lower end of the threaded post is connected to the upper side of the support frame. Two nuts are threaded to the outer circumference of the threaded post. The two nuts are located on the upper and lower sides of the stainless steel target, respectively. Multiple equally spaced auxiliary scale rings or grids are provided at the center of the stainless steel target. A horizontal bubble and a north arrow are provided on the upper side of the stainless steel target.

[0015] A method for monitoring the spatial trajectory of a bridge rotation, the method comprising the following steps:

[0016] S1. Install a laser vertical projection and horizontal monitoring device at the end of the bridge, so that the laser vertical projection and horizontal monitoring device emits lasers vertically downwards. Then install a set of rotation positioning devices at the laser point on the ground, set the point as the starting point of the theoretical projection trajectory line on the ground, and align the center of the rotation positioning device with the center of the laser point.

[0017] S2. Using the horizontal distance from the laser emission point of the laser vertical projection and horizontal monitoring device to the center of bridge rotation as the radius, mark the theoretical ground projection trajectory of the bridge on a flat ground using instruments and equipment, set multiple continuous intermediate points on the theoretical ground projection trajectory, and install the rotation process monitoring device at the intermediate points.

[0018] S3. Set up a set of rotation positioning devices at the end of the theoretical projection trajectory line on the ground. The center of the rotation positioning devices coincides with the laser vertical projection and the laser emission point of the horizontal monitoring device after the bridge is theoretically rotated into place.

[0019] S4. The bridge begins to rotate. Observe whether the laser point emitted on the ground by the vertical laser projection and horizontal monitoring device coincides with the center point of the rotation process monitoring device on the theoretical projection trajectory line on the ground. At the same time, measure the distance downward and compare it with the theoretical vertical distance. If the spatial position matches the theoretical value, the bridge rotates normally. If the spatial position deviates greatly, take corresponding measures to deal with it and the bridge continues to rotate.

[0020] S5. After the bridge is actually rotated into position, observe whether the laser point emitted on the ground by the laser vertical projection and horizontal monitoring device coincides with the center point of the rotation positioning device at the end point. If they do not coincide, observe the longitudinal and lateral deviations between the actual trajectory laser point and the theoretical trajectory laser point of the laser vertical projection and horizontal monitoring device, as well as the deviation between the actual vertical distance and the theoretical vertical distance of the bridge. Then, use hydraulic jacks to fine-tune the attitude of the bridge so that the bridge reaches the theoretical position. Finally, pour concrete between the upper and lower abutments for anchorage.

[0021] In steps S1 and S4, the four hollow bolts are loosened to allow the four automatic leveling bases to move horizontally along the elliptical holes relative to the bridge's rotation center, making the rotation radii of the four automatic leveling bases the same and sharing a common theoretical ground projection trajectory line. Then, the four hollow bolts are tightened to fix the four automatic leveling bases. At the same time, the laser ranging module emits a laser downwards and measures the actual vertical distance between the bridge end and the ground. During the bridge rotation, the four laser points on the ground are compared with the theoretical ground projection trajectory line, and the four actual vertical distances are compared with the theoretical vertical distances calculated in advance. If there is an offset between the laser points and the theoretical ground projection trajectory line, or if there is a deviation in the actual vertical distance, it indicates that the bridge has deflected during the rotation. When the deflection value exceeds the allowable value, corresponding measures are taken to handle the situation, and the bridge continues to rotate.

[0022] In step S4, during bridge rotation, the laser points projected by the laser vertical projection and horizontal monitoring device are observed on the reflective patch. When the laser point deviates from the center of the crosshair auxiliary line, it indicates that the actual movement trajectory of the bridge deviates from the theoretical movement trajectory. The deviation value of the bridge at this intermediate point is read through the crosshair auxiliary line, and the vertical distance at the intermediate point is measured. The initial elevation of the laser vertical projection and horizontal monitoring device is used as the minuend, and the elevation of each reflective patch on the ground is used as the subtrahend. The difference between them is calculated as the actual vertical distance. Then, the actual vertical distance is compared with the theoretical vertical distance to obtain the deviation value of the bridge's vertical direction and planar position. Spatial monitoring of the bridge's projection trajectory and horizontal movement trajectory is performed. When the allowable value is exceeded, corresponding measures are taken to achieve normal bridge rotation.

[0023] In steps S1, S3, and S5, before the bridge rotates, the starting point of the theoretical projection trajectory line on the ground is first marked out using an instrument. Then, a support frame is pre-embedded at the starting position corresponding to the starting point. The support frame is moved so that the center of the crosshair scale on the stainless steel plate target is aligned with the laser point of the laser vertical projection and horizontal monitoring device. Then, the compass is observed, and the stainless steel plate target is rotated horizontally according to the angle of the compass. The arc-shaped hole rotates around the fixed threaded column so that the crosshair axis of the stainless steel plate target is parallel to the longitudinal axis of the bridge. Then, the nut on each threaded column is rotated, and the horizontal bubble is observed. When all the bubbles are in the center, the leveling of the stainless steel plate target is completed. Next, the ending point of the theoretical projection trajectory line on the ground is marked out using an instrument. Then, another support frame is placed at the ending position corresponding to the ending point. The other support frame is moved so that one axis of the crosshair scale on another stainless steel plate target coincides with the vertical bisector of the ending point. The other stainless steel plate target is leveled according to the above steps.

[0024] When the bridge is rotated into place, observe whether the laser point emitted to the ground by the laser vertical projection and horizontal monitoring device coincides with the center point of another stainless steel plate target. If they do not coincide, read the lateral and longitudinal error values ​​of the actual trajectory laser point and the theoretical trajectory laser point at the end position of the theoretical projection trajectory line of the laser vertical projection and horizontal monitoring device on the ground when the bridge is in place, as well as the deviation value of the actual vertical distance measured by the laser vertical projection and horizontal monitoring device from the theoretical vertical distance. Use hydraulic jacks to fine-tune the attitude of the bridge to bring it to the theoretical position.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0026] 1. In the bridge rotation spatial trajectory monitoring system and method of the present invention, the theoretical ground projection trajectory line of the bridge is marked on the ground in advance. A vertical laser emitted by a laser vertical projection and horizontal monitoring device is used to vertically project the bridge's motion state, facilitating comparison with the theoretical ground projection trajectory line marked on the ground. This allows for vertical projection monitoring of the bridge's motion trajectory line. Simultaneously, the actual height difference between the bridge end and the ground is measured using the laser vertical projection and horizontal monitoring device. By comparing this with the theoretical value, the horizontal motion trajectory of the bridge is monitored numerically. During the stationary phase at the starting position of the theoretical ground projection trajectory line, the rotation is observed. The scale of the crosshair auxiliary line in the positioning device reflects the bridge's positional changes caused by factors such as temperature and stress. At the endpoint of the theoretically projected trajectory line on the ground, the rotation positioning device monitors the deviation between the actual and theoretical rotation trajectory lines of the bridge, thus assisting in the bridge's proper positioning. This achieves spatial monitoring of the bridge's vertical and horizontal movement. Compared with existing technologies, this method is simple, efficient, and does not require complex numerical calculations to guide the bridge's axis positioning. Furthermore, when the automatic monitoring equipment malfunctions, it allows time for maintenance while continuing the rotation. It also effectively prevents under-rotation or over-rotation of the bridge while controlling its movement along the predetermined trajectory line. Therefore, the monitoring method of this invention is simple, efficient, and scientific.

[0027] 2. In the bridge rotation spatial trajectory monitoring system and method of the present invention, automatic leveling bases are installed at the four corners of the bridge end. A laser ranging module installed at the center of the automatic leveling base emits a vertical laser downward to indicate the bridge's movement trajectory and measure the vertical distance from the automatic leveling base to the ground. By opening elliptical holes, the automatic leveling bases can move horizontally left and right within the elliptical holes, so that the rotation radius of multiple automatic leveling bases is the same, thus sharing a theoretical ground projection trajectory line. After adjustment, the hollow bolts are tightened. During the bridge rotation process, the control component controls the drive component to rotate two support rods, driving the top plate to rise and fall for automatic leveling. Since the other support point uses a rod end joint bearing, it is equivalent to fixing the plane height of the automatic leveling base. The height of the automatic leveling base will not change after a long period of automatic leveling. This ensures that the laser ranging module on the automatic leveling base is always in a vertical state. In this way, the laser can be automatically emitted perpendicularly to the ground from the center of the hollow bolt to project the bridge. At the same time, the vertical distance measured by the laser ranging module will not have errors due to its own changes, making the measurement results more accurate. Therefore, the monitoring process of this invention is stable and has high monitoring accuracy.

[0028] 3. In the bridge rotation spatial trajectory monitoring system and method of this invention, a prism frame and a prism lens are set up. The prism frame can be rotated horizontally by a first motor, and the prism lens can be rotated vertically by a second motor. A total station is used in conjunction with the prism lens, and a fully automatic monitoring method is adopted. By continuously tracking and measuring the three-dimensional coordinates of the prism on the automatic leveling base, dual monitoring is achieved to avoid equipment failure and realize comprehensive and multi-layered monitoring of the bridge, making the monitoring data during the bridge rotation process more accurate. Therefore, the monitoring process of this invention is stable and has high monitoring accuracy.

[0029] 4. In the bridge rotation spatial trajectory monitoring system and method of this invention, the points on the theoretically projected trajectory line on the ground are displayed using an instrument. On a flat surface, continuous or discontinuous projection trajectory lines can be set. On uneven surfaces, multiple truncated cones are set, with reflective patches horizontally mounted on the top surface of the cones to facilitate the reflection of the ranging laser. The crosshairs of the reflective patches are located on the projection trajectory line, with one axis coinciding with the perpendicular bisector of the trajectory line. By overlaying the crosshair auxiliary lines, the deviation value of the bridge at this intermediate point can be directly read. This allows for observation of the crosshair auxiliary lines during the bridge's static waiting period for rotation, reflecting changes in the bridge's position caused by factors such as temperature and stress. When the actual deviation value of the bridge's rotation trajectory exceeds the range, timely measures can be taken to prevent accidents. Therefore, this invention offers convenient monitoring and good monitoring results.

[0030] 5. In the bridge rotation spatial trajectory monitoring system and method of the present invention, a stainless steel plate target is connected to the support frame through a connection of threaded posts and nuts. Simultaneously, two nuts are used to vertically limit the stainless steel plate target. A nut is screwed onto each threaded post, and then the stainless steel plate target is fitted onto it. Under the guidance of the horizontal bubble, the lower nut is rotated to raise and lower the stainless steel plate target for leveling. Because the stainless steel plate target has an arc-shaped hole concentric with the center of the crosshair scale, it facilitates horizontal rotation and fine-tuning to make the longitudinal axis of the coordinate system parallel to the longitudinal axis of the bridge, facilitating direct reading. A north arrow is installed on the stainless steel plate target, and the reading is based on the north arrow... The stainless steel plate target is horizontally rotated at an angle to align its crosshair axis with the bridge axis. After leveling and aligning the target, a nut is screwed onto the threaded post to clamp and limit its position. By setting auxiliary graduation rings or grids on the crosshair axis, it is possible that the beam may not be perfectly aligned after rotation and positioning. Therefore, the lateral and longitudinal error values ​​at the time of beam positioning can be directly read from the auxiliary graduation rings or grid lines, combined with the vertical distance deviation value. When the error exceeds the limit, the beam's posture is finely adjusted using jacks to ensure precise positioning, thereby guaranteeing the bridge's appearance and ideal stress state. Therefore, this invention offers convenient monitoring and high monitoring accuracy. Attached Figure Description

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the bridge rotation spatial trajectory monitoring system in this invention.

[0032] Figure 2 This is a rotated plan view of the bridge in this invention.

[0033] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A in the middle.

[0034] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 Enlarged view of point B in the middle.

[0035] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the laser vertical projection and horizontal monitoring device in this invention.

[0036] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the mounting shaft and automatic leveling base in this invention.

[0037] Figure 7 This is a bottom view of the top plate in this invention.

[0038] Figure 8 This is a top view of the top plate in this invention.

[0039] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the driving component in this invention.

[0040] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the prism frame and prism lens in this invention.

[0041] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second motor, the driving gear, and the driven gear in this invention.

[0042] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the mounting bracket in this invention.

[0043] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the rotating process monitoring device in this invention.

[0044] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the rotating positioning device in this invention.

[0045] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the stainless steel target in this invention.

[0046] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the stainless steel target in Example 5.

[0047] In the diagram: 1. Bridge; 2. Laser vertical projection and horizontal monitoring device; 21. Automatic leveling base; 22. Mounting frame; 23. Mounting shaft; 24. Control component; 25. Multi-axis sensor; 26. Drive component; 27. Display component; 28. Laser ranging module; 29. ​​Power supply; 210. First motor; 211. Pinion gear; 212. Large gear; 213. Second motor; 214. Drive gear; 215. Driven gear; 216. Motor driver; 217. Third motor; 218. Gear transmission mechanism; 219. Prism frame; 220. Prism lens; 221. Laser head; 222. Horizontal shaft; 223. Buzzer; 224. Base plate; 225. Top plate; 226. Through hole; 227. Connecting... 227. Connecting hole; 228. Rod end joint bearing; 229. Support rod; 230. Adjusting nut; 231. Circular horizontal bubble; 232. Display; 233. Mechanical compass; 234. Angle steel; 235. Connecting steel plate; 236. Working steel plate; 237. Elliptical hole; 238. Hollow bolt; 3. Rotation process monitoring device; 3. Cone; 31. Reflective patch; 32. Rotation positioning device; 4. Stainless steel target; 41. Support frame; 42. Cross coordinate scale; 43. Arc hole; 44. Threaded post; 45. Nut; 46. Auxiliary scale ring; 47. Grid; 48. Ground theoretical projection trajectory line; 5. Horizontal bubble; 6. Compass; 7. Existing railway; 8. Existing road; 9. Detailed Implementation

[0048] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0049] See Figures 1 to 16 A bridge rotation spatial trajectory monitoring system includes a laser vertical projection and horizontal monitoring device 2, a rotation process monitoring device 3, and two sets of rotation positioning devices 4. The laser vertical projection and horizontal monitoring device 2 is installed at the end of the bridge 1. The rotation process monitoring device 3 and the rotation positioning devices 4 are both installed on the ground. The rotation process monitoring device 3 is located on the theoretical ground projection trajectory line 5 formed vertically downward by the laser vertical projection and horizontal monitoring device 2 during the theoretical rotation process of the bridge 1. The two sets of rotation positioning devices 4 are located at the starting position and the ending position of the theoretical ground projection trajectory line 5, respectively.

[0050] The laser vertical projection and horizontal monitoring device 2 is used to emit a laser vertically downward at the end of the bridge 1 to obtain the actual trajectory laser point by vertical projection of the outer contour of the bridge 1, and to automatically measure the actual vertical distance from the end of the bridge 1 to the ground to monitor the horizontal movement trajectory line of the bridge 1 while performing vertical projection.

[0051] The rotation process monitoring device 3 is used to monitor the deviation between the actual trajectory laser point of the laser vertical projection and horizontal monitoring device 2 and the theoretical projection trajectory line 5 of the bridge 1 on the ground during the rotation process of the bridge 1, and to measure the deviation between the actual vertical distance from the laser vertical projection and horizontal monitoring device 2 installed at the end of the bridge 1 to the ground and the theoretical vertical distance.

[0052] The rotating positioning device 4 is used to observe the lateral and longitudinal deviations of the bridge 1 under the action of external or internal forces during the process of waiting for the bridge 1 to rotate while stationary at the starting position of the theoretical projection trajectory line 5 on the ground, as well as to observe the lateral and longitudinal deviations between the actual trajectory laser point and the theoretical trajectory laser point at the ending position of the laser vertical projection and the horizontal monitoring device 2 after the bridge 1 is actually rotated into place.

[0053] The laser vertical projection and horizontal monitoring device 2 includes four automatic leveling bases 21 and four mounting brackets 22. The four automatic leveling bases 21 are respectively connected to the upper side of the four mounting brackets 22, and the four mounting brackets 22 are respectively installed at the four top corners of the bridge 1. Each automatic leveling base 21 includes a top plate 225 and a bottom plate 224 spaced apart vertically. The upper side of the bottom plate 224 is provided with a leveling device for leveling the top plate 225. The leveling device is connected to the top plate 225. The lower side of the bottom plate 224 has a connecting hole 227. An elliptical hole 237 is provided on the lower side of the mounting bracket 22. A hollow bolt 238 is provided in the elliptical hole 237. The bottom end of the hollow bolt 238 passes through the elliptical hole 237 and is threaded to the connecting hole 227. The outer side of the hollow bolt 238 is in contact with the smooth surface of the inner side of the elliptical hole 237. A through hole 226 is provided on the upper side of the top plate 225. A mounting shaft 23 is provided in the through hole 226. A laser ranging module 28 is provided in the mounting shaft 23. The output end of the laser ranging module 28 is arranged relative to the central axis of the hollow bolt 238.

[0054] The laser ranging module 28 is used to emit an indicator laser vertically downward and measure the distance from the automatic leveling base 21 to the ground.

[0055] The leveling device includes a circular horizontal bubble 231, a power supply 29, a rod end joint bearing 228, two support rods 229, and two sets of drive components 26. Both the top plate 225 and the bottom plate 224 are equilateral triangular structures. The circular horizontal bubble 231, the power supply 29, and the two sets of drive components 26 are all located on the upper side of the bottom plate 224. The lower end of the rod end joint bearing 228 is connected to one vertex of the bottom plate 224, and the upper end of the rod end joint bearing 228 is hinged to one vertex of the top plate 225. The two support rods 229... The support rods 229 are symmetrically arranged at the other two vertices of the base plate 224 along the central axis of the base plate 224. The upper ends of the two support rods 229 are respectively threaded to the other two vertices of the top plate 225. The two sets of drive components 26 are connected to the power supply 29 and control the rotation of the two support rods 229 respectively. The upper side of the top plate 225 is provided with a display component 27, and the lower side of the top plate 225 is provided with a control component 24. The power supply 29, drive components 26, display components 27 and control components 24 are connected.

[0056] The laser vertical projection and horizontal monitoring device 2 further includes a first motor 210, a pinion 211, a large gear 212, a prism frame 219, a second motor 213, a driving gear 214, a driven gear 215, and a prism lens 220. The first motor 210 is connected to the control component 24 and is connected to the lower side of the top plate 225. The pinion 211 is connected to the output end of the first motor 210. The large gear 212 is located in the through hole 226 and meshes with the pinion 211. The large gear 212 is sleeved on the mounting shaft 23. Located on the lower outer circumferential surface, the prism frame 219 is connected to the upper end of the mounting shaft 23. The second motor 213 is connected to the control component 24. The second motor 213 is connected to the outside of the prism frame 219, and its output end passes through the prism frame 219 and is located on the inside of the prism frame 219. The driving gear 214 is connected to the output end of the second motor 213. The driven gear 215 is meshed with the driving gear 214. The prism lens 220 is rotatably connected to the prism frame 219 through the horizontal shaft 222. The driven gear 215 is sleeved on the horizontal shaft 222.

[0057] The rotation process monitoring device 3 includes multiple cones 31, which are installed on the ground along the theoretical projection trajectory line 5. The upper surfaces of the multiple cones 31 are all horizontally arranged, and each upper surface of the multiple cones 31 is equipped with a reflective patch 32 with a crosshair. The center of the crosshair on the reflective patch 32 is located on the theoretical projection trajectory line 5, and the crosshair auxiliary line coincides with the vertical bisector of the theoretical projection trajectory line 5. The reflective patch 32 is used to indicate the position of the bridge 1 and to measure the distance of the reflected laser emitted by the laser vertical projection and horizontal monitoring device 2.

[0058] The rotating positioning device 4 includes a stainless steel target 41 and a support frame 42. The support frame 42 is located on the ground, and the stainless steel target 41 is connected to the upper side of the support frame 42. A cross coordinate scale 43 is provided at the center of the upper end face of the stainless steel target 41. Multiple arc-shaped holes 44 are opened on the upper end face of the stainless steel target 41. The multiple arc-shaped holes 44 are distributed in a circle with respect to the center point of the cross coordinate scale 43 on the stainless steel target 41. A threaded post 45 is provided in each arc-shaped hole 44. The lower end of the threaded post 45 is connected to the upper side of the support frame 42. Two nuts 46 are threadedly connected to the outer circumferential surface of the threaded post 45. The two nuts 46 are located on the upper and lower sides of the stainless steel target 41, respectively. Multiple equally spaced auxiliary scale rings 47 or grids 48 are provided at the center of the stainless steel target 41. A horizontal bubble 6 and a compass 7 are provided on the upper side of the stainless steel target 41.

[0059] A method for monitoring the spatial trajectory of a bridge rotation, the method comprising the following steps:

[0060] S1. Install a laser vertical projection and horizontal monitoring device 2 at the end of bridge 1, so that the laser vertical projection and horizontal monitoring device 2 emits laser vertically downward. Then install a set of rotation positioning devices 4 at the laser point on the ground, and set the point as the starting point of the theoretical projection trajectory line 5 on the ground, so that the center of the rotation positioning device 4 is aligned with the center of the laser point.

[0061] S2. Using the horizontal distance from the laser emission point of the laser vertical projection and horizontal monitoring device 2 to the rotation center of the bridge 1 as the radius, mark the theoretical ground projection trajectory line 5 of the bridge 1 on a flat ground using instruments and equipment, set multiple continuous intermediate points on the theoretical ground projection trajectory line 5, and install the rotation process monitoring device 3 at the intermediate points.

[0062] S3. Set up a set of rotation positioning devices 4 at the end position of the theoretical projection trajectory line 5 on the ground. The center of the rotation positioning device 4 coincides with the laser vertical projection of the theoretical rotation of the bridge 1 and the laser emission point of the horizontal monitoring device 2.

[0063] S4. Bridge 1 begins to rotate. Observe whether the laser vertical projection and the laser point emitted on the ground by the horizontal monitoring device 2 coincide with the center point of the rotation process monitoring device 3 on the theoretical projection trajectory line 5 on the ground. At the same time, measure the distance downward and compare it with the theoretical vertical distance. If the spatial position matches the theoretical value, Bridge 1 rotates normally. If the spatial position deviates greatly, take corresponding measures to deal with it and then Bridge 1 continues to rotate.

[0064] S5. After the bridge 1 is actually rotated into position, observe whether the laser point emitted on the ground by the laser vertical projection and horizontal monitoring device 2 coincides with the center point of the rotation positioning device 4 at the end position. If they do not coincide, observe the longitudinal and lateral deviations between the actual trajectory laser point and the theoretical trajectory laser point of the laser vertical projection and horizontal monitoring device 2, as well as the deviation between the actual vertical distance and the theoretical vertical distance of the bridge 1. Then, use hydraulic jacks to fine-tune the attitude of the bridge 1 so that the bridge 1 reaches the theoretical position. Finally, pour concrete between the upper and lower piers for anchoring.

[0065] In steps S1 and S4, the four hollow bolts 238 are loosened to allow the four automatic leveling bases 21 to move horizontally along the elliptical hole 237 relative to the rotation center of the bridge 1, so that the rotation radius of the four automatic leveling bases 21 is the same and they share a common theoretical ground projection trajectory line 5. Then, the four hollow bolts 238 are tightened to fix the four automatic leveling bases 21. At the same time, the laser ranging module 28 emits a laser downward and measures the actual vertical distance between the end of the bridge 1 and the ground. During the rotation of the bridge 1, the four laser points on the ground are compared with the theoretical ground projection trajectory line 5. At the same time, the four actual vertical distances are compared with the theoretical vertical distances calculated after prior measurement. When there is an offset between the laser points and the theoretical ground projection trajectory line 5 or a deviation in the actual vertical distance, it indicates that the bridge 1 has deflected during the rotation. When the deflection value exceeds the allowable value, corresponding measures are taken and the bridge 1 continues to rotate.

[0066] In step S4, when bridge 1 rotates, the laser vertical projection and the laser point projected by the horizontal monitoring device 2 are observed on the reflective patch 32. When the laser point deviates from the center of the cross scale auxiliary line, it indicates that the actual movement trajectory of bridge 1 deviates from the theoretical movement trajectory. The deviation value of bridge 1 at this intermediate point is read through the cross scale auxiliary line. At the same time, the vertical distance at the intermediate point is measured. The initial elevation of the laser vertical projection and the horizontal monitoring device 2 is used as the minuend, and the elevation of each reflective patch 32 on the ground is used as the subtrahend. The difference between them is calculated as the actual vertical distance. Then, the actual vertical distance is compared with the theoretical vertical distance to obtain the deviation value of the vertical direction and the planar position of bridge 1. Spatial monitoring of the projection trajectory and horizontal movement trajectory of bridge 1 is carried out. When the allowable value is exceeded, corresponding measures are taken to realize the normal rotation of bridge 1.

[0067] In steps S1, S3, and S5, before the bridge 1 rotates, the starting point of the theoretical projection trajectory line 5 on the ground is first marked out using an instrument. Then, a support frame 42 is pre-embedded at the starting position corresponding to the starting point. The support frame 42 is moved so that the center of the cross coordinate scale 43 on the stainless steel plate target 41 is aligned with the laser point of the laser vertical projection and horizontal monitoring device 2. Then, the compass 7 is observed, and the stainless steel plate target 41 is rotated horizontally according to the angle of the compass 7. The arc hole 44 rotates around the fixed threaded column 45 so that the cross coordinate axis of the stainless steel plate target 41 is parallel to the longitudinal axis of the bridge 1. Then, the nut 46 on each threaded column 45 is rotated, and the horizontal bubble 6 is observed. When all the bubbles are in the center, the leveling of the stainless steel plate target 41 is completed. Next, use an instrument to mark the end point of the theoretical projection trajectory line 5 on the ground. Then, place another support frame 42 at the end point corresponding to the end point. Move the other support frame 42 so that one axis of the cross scale on the other stainless steel plate target 41 coincides with the vertical bisector of the end point. Level the other stainless steel plate target 41 according to the above steps.

[0068] When bridge 1 is rotated into position, observe whether the laser point emitted to the ground by the laser vertical projection and horizontal monitoring device 2 coincides with the center point of another stainless steel plate target 41. If they do not coincide, read the lateral and longitudinal error values ​​of the actual trajectory laser point and the theoretical trajectory laser point at the end position of the theoretical projection trajectory line 5 of the laser vertical projection and horizontal monitoring device 2 when bridge 1 is in position on the auxiliary scale circle 47 or grid 48 of the cross coordinate scale 43, as well as the deviation value of the actual vertical distance measured by the laser vertical projection and horizontal monitoring device 2 from the theoretical vertical distance. Use hydraulic jacks to fine-tune the attitude of bridge 1 so that bridge 1 reaches the theoretical position.

[0069] The principle of this invention is explained as follows:

[0070] In this invention, the ground theoretical projection trajectory line 5 refers to the projection line emitted vertically to the ground by the laser vertical projection and horizontal monitoring device 2 during the rotation of bridge 1. The control component 24 uses a microcontroller. For uneven ground, N intermediate points can be set every 1° or 5° at the corresponding rotation starting point according to the site conditions. These intermediate points are connected to form a continuous or discontinuous trajectory line. The intermediate points can be made into a cone 31 with cement. A flat steel plate or a reflective sheet or other opaque light-reflecting material can be placed on the top of the cone 31. The drive component 26 includes a motor driver 216, two third motors 217, and two gear transmission mechanisms 218. The motor driver 216 and the control component 24 are connected to the control component 218. Unit 23 is connected to each other. Two third motors 217 are connected to motor drivers 216. The output end of the third motor 217 is connected to the input end of the gear transmission mechanism 218. The output end of the gear transmission mechanism 218 is connected to the lower end of the support rod 229. The display component 27 includes a circular horizontal bubble 231, a horizontal bubble 6, a display 232, and a mechanical compass 233. The circular horizontal bubble 231 is connected to the upper side of the base plate 224. The horizontal bubble 6 and the display 232 are connected to the upper side of the top plate 225. The mechanical compass 7233 is connected to the inner side of the prism frame 219. A laser head 221 is provided on the upper side of the prism lens 220. A buzzer 223 is provided inside the top plate 225.

[0071] First, two angle steels 234 and two connecting steel plates 235 are welded together to form an installation frame 22. A working steel plate 236 is welded onto the connecting steel plates 235, and its side is connected to the end of bridge 1. Regular elliptical holes 237 are milled into the working steel plate 236. The diameter of the elliptical holes 237 matches the outer diameter of the hollow bolts 238 on the base plate 224. The hollow bolts 238, with their ends facing down and threaded heads facing up, pass through the elliptical holes 237 in the working steel plate 236 and connect to the base plate 224 of the automatic leveling base 21 above. The three-dimensional coordinates of the center of the automatic leveling base 21 are measured using a total station. The coordinates are then inversely calculated with the coordinates of the rotation center of bridge 1 to determine the horizontal distance from the prism center to the rotation center of bridge 1. The hollow bolts 238 are loosened to allow the automatic leveling base 21 to move laterally along bridge 1. The four automatic leveling bases 21 are moved so that their rotation radii are the same, thus sharing a common theoretical ground projection trajectory line. 5. After adjustment, tighten the hollow bolts 238. Then, control the two third motors 217 to rotate via the microcontroller, which in turn drives the two support rods 229 to rotate, causing the top plate 225 to rise and fall for automatic leveling. The laser of the laser ranging module 28 passes through the hollow bolts 238 and aligns with the center of the stainless steel plate target 41 on the ground. Then, using this horizontal distance as the radius, use an instrument to project the theoretical ground projection trajectory line 5 of the bridge 1 and the start and end points on the ground. For uneven positions on the theoretical ground projection trajectory line 5, use an instrument to project the plane points and then apply cement cones 31. Then, draw the trajectory points on them and number them sequentially. Use an instrument to measure the elevation of the cement cones 31 or the ground points sequentially and record the values. Then, align the center of the stainless steel plate target 41 with the projected start and end points. Align one axis of the cross coordinate scale 43 with the radius of the end point for easy reading. If the ground is uneven, use the level bubble 6 and the compass 7 to level and align the stainless steel plate target 41.

[0072] During the rotation of bridge 1, crosshair auxiliary lines are placed on the theoretical projection trajectory line 5 on the ground and the truncated cone 31. The horizontal and longitudinal deviations between the projected laser point and the theoretical projection trajectory line 5 on the ground can be read. At the same time, the vertical distance deviation is obtained by vertical distance measurement. The real-time attitude of bridge 1 is monitored through the deviation values.

[0073] When the bridge is about to be in position, the stainless steel plate target 41 installed at the designed end point on the ground provides guidance for over-rotation or under-rotation. The stainless steel plate target 41 has concentric circles or grid auxiliary lines. The vertical laser projected by the laser ranging module 28 can guide the bridge 1 to be accurately positioned. When the bridge 1 slowly rotates until the laser point coincides with the origin of the coordinate axis of the stainless steel plate target 41 on the ground, the rotation work is completed.

[0074] Example 1:

[0075] See Figures 1 to 16A bridge rotation spatial trajectory monitoring system includes a laser vertical projection and horizontal monitoring device 2, a rotation process monitoring device 3, and two sets of rotation positioning devices 4. The laser vertical projection and horizontal monitoring device 2 is installed at the end of the bridge 1. The rotation process monitoring device 3 and the rotation positioning devices 4 are both installed on the ground. The rotation process monitoring device 3 is located on the theoretical ground projection trajectory line 5 formed vertically downward by the laser vertical projection and horizontal monitoring device 2 during the theoretical rotation process of the bridge 1. The two sets of rotation positioning devices 4 are located at the starting position and the ending position of the theoretical ground projection trajectory line 5, respectively.

[0076] The laser vertical projection and horizontal monitoring device 2 is used to emit a laser vertically downward at the end of the bridge 1 to obtain the actual trajectory laser point by vertical projection of the outer contour of the bridge 1, and to automatically measure the actual vertical distance from the end of the bridge 1 to the ground to monitor the horizontal movement trajectory line of the bridge 1 while performing vertical projection.

[0077] The rotation process monitoring device 3 is used to monitor the deviation between the actual trajectory laser point of the laser vertical projection and horizontal monitoring device 2 and the theoretical projection trajectory line 5 of the bridge 1 on the ground during the rotation process of the bridge 1, and to measure the deviation between the actual vertical distance from the laser vertical projection and horizontal monitoring device 2 installed at the end of the bridge 1 to the ground and the theoretical vertical distance.

[0078] The rotating positioning device 4 is used to observe the lateral and longitudinal deviations of the bridge 1 under the action of external or internal forces during the process of waiting for the bridge 1 to rotate while stationary at the starting position of the theoretical projection trajectory line 5 on the ground, as well as to observe the lateral and longitudinal deviations between the actual trajectory laser point and the theoretical trajectory laser point at the ending position of the laser vertical projection and the horizontal monitoring device 2 after the bridge 1 is actually rotated into place.

[0079] The laser vertical projection and horizontal monitoring device 2 includes four automatic leveling bases 21 and four mounting brackets 22. The four automatic leveling bases 21 are respectively connected to the upper side of the four mounting brackets 22, and the four mounting brackets 22 are respectively installed at the four top corners of the bridge 1. Each automatic leveling base 21 includes a top plate 225 and a bottom plate 224 spaced apart vertically. The upper side of the bottom plate 224 is provided with a leveling device for leveling the top plate 225. The leveling device is connected to the top plate 225. The lower side of the bottom plate 224 has a connecting hole 227. An elliptical hole 237 is provided on the lower side of the mounting bracket 22. A hollow bolt 238 is provided in the elliptical hole 237. The bottom end of the hollow bolt 238 passes through the elliptical hole 237 and is threaded to the connecting hole 227. The outer side of the hollow bolt 238 is in contact with the smooth surface of the inner side of the elliptical hole 237. A through hole 226 is provided on the upper side of the top plate 225. A mounting shaft 23 is provided in the through hole 226. A laser ranging module 28 is provided in the mounting shaft 23. The output end of the laser ranging module 28 is arranged relative to the central axis of the hollow bolt 238.

[0080] The leveling device includes a circular horizontal bubble 231, a power supply 29, a rod end joint bearing 228, two support rods 229, and two sets of drive components 26. Both the top plate 225 and the bottom plate 224 are equilateral triangular structures. The circular horizontal bubble 231, the power supply 29, and the two sets of drive components 26 are all located on the upper side of the bottom plate 224. The lower end of the rod end joint bearing 228 is connected to one vertex of the bottom plate 224, and the upper end of the rod end joint bearing 228 is hinged to one vertex of the top plate 225. The two support rods 229... The support rods 229 are symmetrically arranged at the other two vertices of the base plate 224 along the central axis of the base plate 224. The upper ends of the two support rods 229 are respectively threaded to the other two vertices of the top plate 225. The two sets of drive components 26 are connected to the power supply 29 and control the rotation of the two support rods 229 respectively. The upper side of the top plate 225 is provided with a display component 27, and the lower side of the top plate 225 is provided with a control component 24. The power supply 29, drive components 26, display components 27 and control components 24 are connected.

[0081] A method for monitoring the spatial trajectory of a bridge rotation, the method comprising the following steps:

[0082] S1. Loosen the four hollow bolts 238 to move the four automatic leveling bases 21 horizontally along the elliptical hole 237 relative to the rotation center of the bridge 1, so that the rotation radius of the four automatic leveling bases 21 is the same and they share a common theoretical ground projection trajectory line 5. Then tighten the four hollow bolts 238 to fix the four automatic leveling bases 21. At the same time, the laser ranging module 28 emits a laser downward and measures the actual vertical distance between the end of the bridge 1 and the ground. Then install a set of rotation positioning devices 4 at the laser point on the ground and set this point as the starting position of the theoretical ground projection trajectory line 5, so that the center of the rotation positioning device 4 is aligned with the center of the laser point.

[0083] S2. Using the horizontal distance from the laser emission point of the laser vertical projection and horizontal monitoring device 2 to the rotation center of the bridge 1 as the radius, mark the theoretical ground projection trajectory line 5 of the bridge 1 on a flat ground using instruments and equipment, set multiple continuous intermediate points on the theoretical ground projection trajectory line 5, and install the rotation process monitoring device 3 at the intermediate points.

[0084] S3. Set up a set of rotation positioning devices 4 at the end position of the theoretical projection trajectory line 5 on the ground. The center of the rotation positioning device 4 coincides with the laser vertical projection of the theoretical rotation of the bridge 1 and the laser emission point of the horizontal monitoring device 2.

[0085] S4. Bridge 1 begins to rotate. During the rotation of Bridge 1, the four laser points on the ground are compared with the theoretical projection trajectory line 5 on the ground. At the same time, the four actual vertical distances are compared with the theoretical vertical distances calculated after prior measurement. If there is a deviation between the laser points and the theoretical projection trajectory line 5 on the ground or a deviation in the actual vertical distance, it indicates that Bridge 1 has deflected during the rotation. When the spatial position deviation is large, the cause is found and the corresponding measures formulated in the emergency plan are taken to eliminate the deviation value. Then Bridge 1 continues to rotate.

[0086] S5. After the bridge 1 is actually rotated into position, observe whether the laser point emitted on the ground by the laser vertical projection and horizontal monitoring device 2 coincides with the center point of the rotation positioning device 4 at the end position. If they do not coincide, observe the longitudinal and lateral deviations between the actual trajectory laser point and the theoretical trajectory laser point of the laser vertical projection and horizontal monitoring device 2, as well as the deviation between the actual vertical distance and the theoretical vertical distance of the bridge 1. Then, use hydraulic jacks to fine-tune the attitude of the bridge 1 so that the bridge 1 reaches the theoretical position. Finally, pour concrete between the upper and lower piers for anchoring.

[0087] Example 2:

[0088] The basic content is the same as in Example 1, except that:

[0089] See Figures 5 to 11The laser vertical projection and horizontal monitoring device 2 further includes a first motor 210, a pinion 211, a large gear 212, a prism frame 219, a second motor 213, a driving gear 214, a driven gear 215, and a prism lens 220. The first motor 210 is connected to the control component 24 and is connected to the lower side of the top plate 225. The pinion 211 is connected to the output end of the first motor 210. The large gear 212 is located in the through hole 226 and meshes with the pinion 211. The large gear 212 is sleeved on the mounting shaft 23. Located on the lower outer circumferential surface, the prism frame 219 is connected to the upper end of the mounting shaft 23. The second motor 213 is connected to the control component 24. The second motor 213 is connected to the outside of the prism frame 219, and its output end passes through the prism frame 219 and is located on the inside of the prism frame 219. The driving gear 214 is connected to the output end of the second motor 213. The driven gear 215 is meshed with the driving gear 214. The prism lens 220 is rotatably connected to the prism frame 219 through the horizontal shaft 222. The driven gear 215 is sleeved on the horizontal shaft 222.

[0090] Example 3:

[0091] The basic content is the same as in Example 1, except that:

[0092] See Figure 4 and Figure 13 The rotation process monitoring device 3 includes multiple cones 31, which are installed on the ground along the theoretical projection trajectory line 5. The upper surfaces of the multiple cones 31 are all horizontally arranged, and each upper surface of the multiple cones 31 is equipped with a reflective patch 32 with a crosshair. The center of the crosshair on the reflective patch 32 is located on the theoretical projection trajectory line 5, and the crosshair auxiliary line coincides with the vertical bisector of the theoretical projection trajectory line 5. The reflective patch 32 is used to indicate the position of the bridge 1 and to measure the distance of the reflected laser emitted by the laser vertical projection and horizontal monitoring device 2.

[0093] In step S4, when bridge 1 rotates, the laser point projected by the laser vertical projection and the horizontal monitoring device 2 is observed on the reflective patch 32. When the laser point deviates from the center of the cross scale auxiliary line, it indicates that the actual movement trajectory of bridge 1 deviates from the theoretical movement trajectory. The deviation value of bridge 1 at this intermediate point is read through the cross scale auxiliary line, and the distance at the intermediate point is measured. The initial elevation of the laser vertical projection and the horizontal monitoring device 2 is used as the minuend, and the elevation of each reflective patch 32 on the ground is used as the subtrahend. The difference between them is calculated as the actual vertical distance. Then, the actual vertical distance is compared with the theoretical vertical distance to obtain the deviation value of bridge 1 in the vertical direction and the plane position. Spatial monitoring of the projection trajectory and horizontal movement trajectory of bridge 1 is carried out. When the deviation value exceeds the allowable value, corresponding measures are taken according to the emergency plan to adjust the deviation value to the allowable range and then bridge 1 can rotate normally.

[0094] Example 4:

[0095] The basic content is the same as in Example 1, except that:

[0096] See Figures 14 to 15 The rotating positioning device 4 includes a stainless steel target 41 and a support frame 42. The support frame 42 is located on the ground, and the stainless steel target 41 is connected to the upper side of the support frame 42. A cross coordinate scale 43 is provided at the center of the upper end face of the stainless steel target 41. Multiple arc-shaped holes 44 are opened on the upper end face of the stainless steel target 41. The multiple arc-shaped holes 44 are distributed in a circle with respect to the center point of the cross coordinate scale 43 on the stainless steel target 41. A threaded post 45 is provided in each arc-shaped hole 44. The lower end of the threaded post 45 is connected to the upper side of the support frame 42. Two nuts 46 are threadedly connected to the outer circumference of the threaded post 45. The two nuts 46 are located on the upper and lower sides of the stainless steel target 41, respectively. Multiple equally spaced auxiliary scale rings 47 or grids 48 are provided at the center of the stainless steel target 41. A horizontal bubble 6 and a compass 7 are provided on the upper side of the stainless steel target 41.

[0097] In steps S1, S3, and S5, before the bridge 1 rotates, the starting point of the theoretical projection trajectory line 5 on the ground is first marked out using an instrument. Then, a support frame 42 is pre-embedded at the starting position corresponding to the starting point. The support frame 42 is moved so that the center of the cross coordinate scale 43 on the stainless steel plate target 41 is aligned with the laser point of the laser vertical projection and horizontal monitoring device 2. Then, the compass 7 is observed, and the stainless steel plate target 41 is rotated horizontally according to the angle of the compass 7. The arc hole 44 rotates around the fixed threaded column 45 so that the cross coordinate axis of the stainless steel plate target 41 is parallel to the longitudinal axis of the bridge 1. Then, the nut 46 on each threaded column 45 is rotated, and the horizontal bubble 6 is observed. When all the bubbles are in the center, the leveling of the stainless steel plate target 41 is completed. Next, use an instrument to mark the end point of the theoretical projection trajectory line 5 on the ground. Then, place another support frame 42 at the end point corresponding to the end point. Move the other support frame 42 so that one axis of the cross scale on the other stainless steel plate target 41 coincides with the vertical bisector of the end point. Level the other stainless steel plate target 41 according to the above steps.

[0098] When bridge 1 is rotated into position, observe whether the laser point emitted to the ground by the laser vertical projection and horizontal monitoring device 2 coincides with the center point of another stainless steel plate target 41. If they do not coincide, read the lateral and longitudinal error values ​​of the actual trajectory laser point and the theoretical trajectory laser point at the end position of the theoretical projection trajectory line 5 of the laser vertical projection and horizontal monitoring device 2 when bridge 1 is in position on the auxiliary scale circle 47 or grid 48 of the cross coordinate scale 43, as well as the deviation value of the actual vertical distance measured by the laser vertical projection and horizontal monitoring device 2 from the theoretical vertical distance. Use hydraulic jacks to fine-tune the attitude of bridge 1 so that bridge 1 reaches the theoretical position.

[0099] Example 5:

[0100] The basic content is the same as in Example 1, except that:

[0101] See Figure 16 The rotating positioning device 4 includes a stainless steel target 41 and a support frame 42. The support frame 42 is located on the ground, and the stainless steel target 41 is connected to the upper side of the support frame 42. A cross coordinate scale 43 is provided at the center of the upper end face of the stainless steel target 41. Multiple arc-shaped holes 44 are opened on the upper end face of the stainless steel target 41. The multiple arc-shaped holes 44 are circumferentially distributed with respect to the center point of the cross coordinate scale 43 on the stainless steel target 41. A threaded post 45 is provided in each arc-shaped hole 44. The lower end of the threaded post 45 is connected to the upper side of the support frame 42. Two nuts 46 are threadedly connected to the outer circumferential surface of the threaded post 45. The two nuts 46 are located on the upper and lower sides of the stainless steel target 41, respectively. Multiple equally spaced square grids 48 are provided at the center of the stainless steel target 41.

Claims

1. A bridge rotation spatial trajectory monitoring system, characterized in that: The system includes a laser vertical projection and horizontal monitoring device (2), a rotation process monitoring device (3), and two sets of rotation positioning devices (4). The laser vertical projection and horizontal monitoring device (2) is installed at the end of the bridge (1). The rotation process monitoring device (3) and the rotation positioning device (4) are both installed on the ground. The rotation process monitoring device (3) is located on the theoretical ground projection trajectory line (5) formed vertically downward by the laser vertical projection and horizontal monitoring device (2) during the theoretical rotation of the bridge (1). The two sets of rotation positioning devices (4) are located at the starting point and the ending point of the theoretical ground projection trajectory line (5), respectively. The laser vertical projection and horizontal monitoring device (2) is used to emit a laser vertically downward at the end of the bridge (1) to obtain the actual trajectory laser point by vertical projection of the outer contour of the bridge (1), and to automatically measure the actual vertical distance from the end of the bridge (1) to the ground to monitor the horizontal movement trajectory line of the bridge (1) while vertically projecting. The rotation process monitoring device (3) is used to monitor the deviation between the actual trajectory laser point of the laser vertical projection and horizontal monitoring device (2) and the theoretical projection trajectory line (5) of the bridge (1) on the ground during the rotation process of the bridge (1), and to measure the deviation between the actual vertical distance and the theoretical vertical distance from the laser vertical projection and horizontal monitoring device (2) installed at the end of the bridge (1) to the ground. The rotating positioning device (4) is used to observe the lateral and longitudinal deviation values ​​of the bridge (1) under the action of external or internal forces during the rotation process when the bridge (1) is stationary at the starting position of the theoretical projection trajectory line (5) on the ground, and to observe the lateral and longitudinal deviation values ​​of the actual trajectory laser point and the theoretical trajectory laser point at the ending position of the theoretical projection trajectory line (5) after the bridge (1) is actually rotated into place.

2. The bridge rotation spatial trajectory monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The laser vertical projection and horizontal monitoring device (2) includes four automatic leveling bases (21) and four mounting brackets (22). The four automatic leveling bases (21) are respectively connected to the upper side of the four mounting brackets (22). The four mounting brackets (22) are respectively installed at the four top corners of the bridge (1). The automatic leveling base (21) includes a top plate (225) and a bottom plate (224) arranged at intervals. The upper side of the bottom plate (224) is provided with a leveling device for leveling the top plate (225). The leveling device is connected to the top plate (225). The lower side of the bottom plate (224) is provided with a connecting hole (227). The mounting brackets (22) has an elliptical hole (237) on its lower side. A hollow bolt (238) is installed in the elliptical hole (237). The bottom end of the hollow bolt (238) passes through the elliptical hole (237) and is threaded to the connecting hole (227). The outer side of the hollow bolt (238) is in contact with the smooth surface of the inner side of the elliptical hole (237). A through hole (226) is opened on the upper side of the top plate (225). A mounting shaft (23) is installed in the through hole (226). A laser ranging module (28) is installed in the mounting shaft (23). The output end of the laser ranging module (28) is arranged relative to the central axis of the hollow bolt (238). The laser ranging module (28) is used to emit an indicator laser vertically downward and measure the distance from the automatic leveling base (21) to the ground.

3. The bridge rotation spatial trajectory monitoring system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The leveling device includes a circular horizontal bubble (231), a power supply (29), a rod end joint bearing (228), two support rods (229), and two sets of drive components (26). The top plate (225) and the bottom plate (224) are both equilateral triangular structures. The circular horizontal bubble (231), the power supply (29), and the two sets of drive components (26) are all located on the upper side of the bottom plate (224). The lower end of the rod end joint bearing (228) is connected to a vertex of the bottom plate (224), and the upper end of the rod end joint bearing (228) is hinged to a vertex of the top plate (225). The two support rods... The rods (229) are symmetrically arranged at the other two vertices of the base plate (224) along the central axis of the base plate (224). The upper ends of the two support rods (229) are threaded to the other two vertices of the top plate (225). The two sets of drive components (26) are connected to the power supply (29) and control the rotation of the two support rods (229) respectively. The top plate (225) is provided with a display component (27) on the upper side and a control component (24) is provided on the lower side of the top plate (225). The power supply (29), drive component (26), display component (27) and control component (24) are connected.

4. The bridge rotation spatial trajectory monitoring system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The laser vertical projection and horizontal monitoring device (2) further includes a first motor (210), a pinion (211), a large gear (212), a prism frame (219), a second motor (213), a driving gear (214), a driven gear (215), and a prism lens (220). The first motor (210) is connected to the control component (24) and is connected to the lower side of the top plate (225). The pinion (211) is connected to the output end of the first motor (210). The large gear (212) is located in the through hole (226) and meshes with the pinion (211). The large gear (212) is sleeved on the mounting shaft ( 23) The prism frame (219) is connected to the upper end of the mounting shaft (23) on the outer peripheral surface at the lower end. The second motor (213) is connected to the control component (24). The second motor (213) is connected to the outside of the prism frame (219) and its output end passes through the prism frame (219) and is located on the inside of the prism frame (219). The driving gear (214) is connected to the output end of the second motor (213). The driven gear (215) is meshed with the driving gear (214). The prism lens (220) is rotatably connected to the prism frame (219) through the horizontal shaft (222). The driven gear (215) is sleeved on the horizontal shaft (222).

5. The bridge rotation spatial trajectory monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotation process monitoring device (3) includes multiple cones (31), which are installed on the ground along the theoretical projection trajectory line (5). The upper surfaces of the multiple cones (31) are arranged horizontally, and a reflective patch (32) with a crosshair is installed on the upper surface of each cone (31). The center of the crosshair on the reflective patch (32) is located on the theoretical projection trajectory line (5) and the crosshair auxiliary line coincides with the vertical bisector of the theoretical projection trajectory line (5). The reflective patch (32) is used to indicate the position of the bridge (1) and to measure the distance of the reflected laser emitted by the laser vertical projection and horizontal monitoring device (2).

6. The bridge rotation spatial trajectory monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating positioning device (4) includes a stainless steel target (41) and a support frame (42). The support frame (42) is located on the ground, and the stainless steel target (41) is connected to the upper side of the support frame (42). A cross coordinate scale (43) is provided at the center of the upper surface of the stainless steel target (41). Multiple arc-shaped holes (44) are opened on the upper surface of the stainless steel target (41). The multiple arc-shaped holes (44) are circumferentially distributed relative to the center point of the cross coordinate scale (43) on the stainless steel target (41). Each of the arc-shaped holes (44) is provided with a threaded post (45). The lower end of the threaded post (45) is connected to the upper side of the support frame (42). Two nuts (46) are threadedly connected to the outer circumferential surface of the threaded post (45). The two nuts (46) are located on the upper and lower sides of the stainless steel target (41) respectively. Multiple equally spaced auxiliary scale rings (47) or grids (48) are provided at the center of the stainless steel target (41). A horizontal bubble (6) and a compass (7) are provided on the upper side of the stainless steel target (41).

7. A method for monitoring the spatial trajectory of a bridge rotation, characterized in that: This monitoring method is applied to the bridge rotation spatial trajectory monitoring system according to any one of claims 1-6, and the monitoring method includes the following steps: S1. Install a laser vertical projection and horizontal monitoring device (2) at the end of the bridge (1) so that the laser vertical projection and horizontal monitoring device (2) emits laser vertically downward. Then install a set of rotation positioning devices (4) at the laser point on the ground and set the point as the starting point of the theoretical projection trajectory line (5) on the ground so that the center of the rotation positioning device (4) is aligned with the center of the laser point. S2. Using the horizontal distance from the laser emission point of the laser vertical projection and horizontal monitoring device (2) to the rotation center of the bridge (1) as the radius, mark the ground theoretical projection trajectory line (5) of the bridge (1) on a flat ground using instruments and equipment, set multiple continuous intermediate points on the ground theoretical projection trajectory line (5), and install the rotation process monitoring device (3) at the intermediate points. S3. Set up a set of rotating positioning devices (4) at the end of the theoretical projection trajectory line (5) on the ground. The center of the rotating positioning device (4) coincides with the laser emission point of the laser vertical projection and horizontal monitoring device (2) after the theoretical rotation of the bridge (1) is in place. S4. When the bridge (1) begins to rotate, observe whether the laser vertical projection and the laser point emitted on the ground by the horizontal monitoring device (2) coincide with the center point of the rotation process monitoring device (3) on the theoretical projection trajectory line (5) on the ground. At the same time, measure the distance downward and compare it with the theoretical vertical distance. If the spatial position matches the theoretical value, the bridge (1) rotates normally. If the spatial position deviates greatly, take corresponding measures to deal with it and the bridge (1) continues to rotate. S5. After the bridge (1) is actually rotated into position, observe whether the laser point emitted on the ground by the laser vertical projection and horizontal monitoring device (2) coincides with the center point of the rotation positioning device (4) at the end position. If they do not coincide, observe the longitudinal and lateral deviation values ​​of the actual trajectory laser point of the laser vertical projection and horizontal monitoring device (2) and the theoretical trajectory laser point, as well as the deviation value of the actual vertical distance of the bridge (1) and the theoretical vertical distance. Then, use hydraulic jacks to fine-tune the attitude of the bridge (1) so that the bridge (1) reaches the theoretical position. Then, pour concrete between the upper and lower piers for anchoring.

8. The method for monitoring the spatial trajectory of bridge rotation according to claim 7, characterized in that: The laser vertical projection and horizontal monitoring device (2) includes four automatic leveling bases (21) and four mounting brackets (22). The four automatic leveling bases (21) are respectively connected to the upper side of the four mounting brackets (22). The four mounting brackets (22) are respectively installed at the four top corners of the bridge (1). The automatic leveling base (21) includes a top plate (225) and a bottom plate (224) arranged at intervals. The upper side of the bottom plate (224) is provided with a leveling device for leveling the top plate (225). The leveling device is connected to the top plate (225). The lower side of the bottom plate (224) is provided with a connecting hole (227). The mounting brackets ( An elliptical hole (237) is provided on the lower side of the top plate (225), and a hollow bolt (238) is provided in the elliptical hole (237). The bottom end of the hollow bolt (238) passes through the elliptical hole (237) and is threaded to the connecting hole (227). The outer side of the hollow bolt (238) is in contact with the smooth surface of the inner side of the elliptical hole (237). A through hole (226) is provided on the upper side of the top plate (225), and a mounting shaft (23) is provided in the through hole (226). A laser ranging module (28) is provided in the mounting shaft (23). The output end of the laser ranging module (28) is arranged relative to the central axis of the hollow bolt (238). In steps S1 and S4, the four hollow bolts (238) are loosened so that the four automatic leveling bases (21) move horizontally along the elliptical hole (237) relative to the rotation center of the bridge (1), so that the rotation radius of the four automatic leveling bases (21) is the same and they share a common ground theoretical projection trajectory line (5). Then the four hollow bolts (238) are tightened and the four automatic leveling bases (21) are fixed. At the same time, the laser ranging module (28) emits laser downwards and measures the actual vertical distance between the end of the bridge (1) and the ground. During the rotation of the bridge (1), the four laser points on the ground are compared with the ground theoretical projection trajectory line (5). At the same time, the four actual vertical distances are compared with the theoretical vertical distances calculated after prior measurement. When there is an offset between the laser point and the ground theoretical projection trajectory line (5) or a deviation in the actual vertical distance, it indicates that the bridge (1) has deflected during the rotation. When the deflection value exceeds the allowable value, corresponding measures are taken and the bridge (1) continues to rotate.

9. A method for monitoring the spatial trajectory of a bridge rotation according to claim 7, characterized in that: The rotation process monitoring device (3) includes multiple cones (31), which are installed on the ground along the theoretical projection trajectory line (5). The upper surfaces of the multiple cones (31) are arranged horizontally, and the upper surfaces of the multiple cones (31) are equipped with reflective patches (32) with crosshairs. The center of the crosshairs on the reflective patches (32) is located on the theoretical projection trajectory line (5) and the crosshair auxiliary line coincides with the vertical bisector of the theoretical projection trajectory line (5). In step S4, when the bridge (1) rotates, the laser point projected by the laser vertical projection and the horizontal monitoring device (2) is observed on the reflective patch (32). When the laser point deviates from the center of the cross scale auxiliary line, it indicates that the actual movement trajectory of the bridge (1) deviates from the theoretical movement trajectory. The deviation value of the bridge (1) at this intermediate point is read through the cross scale auxiliary line. At the same time, the vertical distance at the intermediate point is measured. The initial elevation of the laser vertical projection and the horizontal monitoring device (2) is used as the minuend, and the elevation of each reflective patch (32) on the ground is used as the subtrahend. The difference between them is calculated as the actual vertical distance. Then, the actual vertical distance is compared with the theoretical vertical distance to obtain the deviation value of the vertical direction and the planar position of the bridge (1). Spatial monitoring of the projection trajectory and horizontal movement trajectory of the bridge (1) is carried out. When the allowable value is exceeded, corresponding measures are taken to realize the normal rotation of the bridge (1).

10. A method for monitoring the spatial trajectory of a bridge rotation according to claim 7, characterized in that: The rotation positioning device (4) includes a stainless steel target (41) and a support frame (42). The support frame (42) is located on the ground, and the stainless steel target (41) is connected to the upper side of the support frame (42). A cross coordinate scale (43) is provided at the center of the upper end face of the stainless steel target (41). A plurality of arc-shaped holes (44) are opened on the upper end face of the stainless steel target (41). The plurality of arc-shaped holes (44) are circumferentially distributed relative to the center point of the cross coordinate scale (43) on the stainless steel target (41). Each arc-shaped hole (44) is provided with a threaded post (45). The lower end of the threaded post (45) is connected to the upper side of the support frame (42). The outer circumferential surface of the threaded post (45) is threaded with two nuts (46). The two nuts (46) are located on the upper and lower sides of the stainless steel target (41) respectively. Multiple equally spaced auxiliary scale rings (47) or grids (48) are provided at the center of the stainless steel target (41). A horizontal bubble (6) and a compass (7) are provided on the upper side of the stainless steel target (41). In steps S1, S3, and S5, before the bridge (1) rotates, the starting point of the theoretical projection trajectory line (5) on the ground is first marked out using an instrument. Then, a support frame (42) is pre-embedded at the starting position corresponding to the starting point. The support frame (42) is moved so that the center of the cross coordinate scale (43) on the stainless steel plate target (41) is aligned with the laser point of the laser vertical projection and horizontal monitoring device (2). Then, the compass (7) is observed, and the stainless steel plate target (41) is rotated horizontally according to the angle of the compass (7). The arc hole (44) rotates around the fixed threaded column (45) so that the stainless steel plate target (41) rotates horizontally. The cross axis of 41) is parallel to the longitudinal axis of the bridge (1). Then rotate the nut (46) on each threaded column (45) and observe the horizontal bubble (6). When the bubble is in the center, the stainless steel plate target (41) is leveled. Then use an instrument to release the end point of the theoretical projection trajectory line (5) on the ground. Then place another support frame (42) at the end point corresponding to the end point. Move the other support frame (42) so that one axis of the cross scale on the other stainless steel plate target (41) coincides with the vertical bisector of the end point. Level the other stainless steel plate target (41) according to the above steps. When the bridge (1) is rotated into place, observe whether the laser point emitted to the ground by the laser vertical projection and horizontal monitoring device (2) coincides with the center point of another stainless steel plate target (41). If they do not coincide, read the horizontal and vertical error values ​​of the actual trajectory laser point and the theoretical trajectory laser point at the end position of the theoretical projection trajectory line (5) of the laser vertical projection and horizontal monitoring device (2) when the bridge (1) is in place on the auxiliary scale circle (47) or grid (48) of the cross coordinate scale (43). Also read the deviation value of the actual vertical distance measured by the laser vertical projection and horizontal monitoring device (2) from the theoretical vertical distance. Use hydraulic jacks to finely adjust the attitude of the bridge (1) so that the bridge (1) reaches the theoretical position.

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