A surgical stapler

Abstract

The application relates to a surgical anastomat, which comprises a handle part, a rotating part, an end effector and a power shaft clutch mechanism, wherein the handle part comprises a first shell and a first cavity arranged in the first shell, and a power assembly is arranged in the first cavity; the rotating part is rotationally connected to one end of the handle part, and comprises a second shell and a second cavity arranged in the second shell, and the second shell moves left and right along a central axis relative to the first shell; the end effector is connected to the other end of the rotating part, and a power shaft is arranged in the end effector; the power shaft clutch mechanism is arranged in the second cavity; a posture clutch mechanism is arranged in the second cavity and between the first shell and the second shell; the power shaft clutch mechanism is connected to the power assembly and the power shaft, and the posture clutch mechanism is connected to the first shell and the second shell; and with the second shell moving left along the central axis, the connection between the power assembly and the power shaft is disconnected, and the connection between the first shell and the second shell is disconnected. The application can eliminate the influence of posture rotation on actuation rotation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of surgical instruments, and in particular to a surgical stapler. Background Technology

[0002] Anastomosing devices have been widely used in endoscopic surgeries in departments such as hepatobiliary surgery, digestive surgery, gynecology, pediatrics, and thoracic surgery. Compared with traditional tissue cutting and suturing techniques, anastomosing devices can effectively improve surgical efficiency, reduce the incidence of complications, alleviate patient suffering, and shorten the patient's hospital stay.

[0003] During the procedure, the surgeon uses the operating handle to transmit the actuating force of the instrument from proximal to distal, that is, from the instrument handle to the end of the stapler. This actuating force drives the end effector of the stapler to clamp the tissue layer, cut the clamped tissue layer, and push the staples to pierce the tissue layer, thus tightly suturing the tissue layer near the cut site. The end actuating force is a thrust (linear motion) parallel to the main axis.

[0004] The mainstream transmission schemes in existing technologies all generate linear actuation force at the handle and then transmit it distally, ultimately converting it into end-effector actuation force. In some existing technologies, multiple metal plates are arranged side-by-side to form a push rod. This combination of metal plates transmits the proximal thrust to the distal end, thus obtaining end-effector actuation force. Because the push rod in this scheme is composed of multiple metal plates, it can achieve one degree of freedom of bending and transmit end-effector actuation force. However, the metal plate assembly encounters significant resistance when moving forward in a bent state, and the greater the degree of bending, the greater the resistance, meaning that the transmission efficiency of actuation force is low during bending. In other schemes, an important technological advancement for anastomotic devices is full-angle bending, that is, improving from one degree of freedom bending in conventional schemes to two degrees of freedom bending. In some existing technologies, the push rod transmitting actuation force has a structure similar to a Bourdon tube. Although this scheme can achieve two degrees of freedom of bending, transmitting actuation force in a bent state generates a large reverse force that returns the end effector to a straight state, resulting in low transmission efficiency. In summary, all the above-mentioned transmission schemes for achieving bending of the end effector are to convert the linear motion on the proximal side into linear motion on the distal side, i.e., linear transmission.

[0005] Other solutions employ a method of converting proximal rotational motion into distal rotational motion, i.e., rotary transmission, which significantly reduces the generation of reverse forces and has high transmission efficiency. In some existing technologies, the transmission mechanism at the point where the end effector bends is structured similar to a cross-joint, enabling bending of two degrees of freedom and transmitting axial rotation. This axial rotation, transmitted to the distal side, is further converted into linear motion via a nut and screw structure, thus obtaining the end effector actuation force. However, while this solution enables bending of two degrees of freedom (one being posture-changing rotation and the other being the end effector actuation rotation) and effectively reduces the generation of reverse forces, the rotational motion transmitting the end effector actuation force (hereinafter referred to as actuation rotation) is affected by the instrument posture-changing rotation. This can cause the end effector to be uncontrolled when performing the instrument movements required for surgical operations (hereinafter referred to as actuation movements), affecting the accuracy of the end effector. For example, cutting clamped tissue layers or pushing staples to pierce tissue layers during surgery can easily cause unnecessary damage to the patient's internal tissues. Summary of the Invention

[0006] Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the invention is to overcome the problem in the prior art that the rotational motion of transmitting end effector force is affected by the rotation of the device's posture change, which makes the end effector uncontrollable and affects the accuracy of the end effector.

[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, an invention provides a surgical stapler, comprising:

[0008] The handle includes a first housing and a first cavity disposed in the first housing, wherein a power component is disposed in the first cavity;

[0009] The rotating part is rotatably connected to the handle part at one end (proximal side). The rotating part includes a second housing and a second cavity disposed in the second housing. The second housing moves left and right relative to the first housing along the central axis.

[0010] An end effector is connected to the other end (far side) of the rotating part, and the end effector is provided with a power shaft;

[0011] The power shaft clutch mechanism is disposed in the second cavity;

[0012] A posture clutch mechanism, wherein the clutch is disposed in the second cavity and located between the first housing and the second housing;

[0013] The power shaft clutch mechanism connects the power assembly and the power shaft of the end effector, and the attitude clutch mechanism connects the first housing and the second housing. As the second housing moves to the left along the central axis, the connection between the power assembly and the power shaft is broken, and the connection between the first housing and the second housing is also broken.

[0014] In one embodiment of the invention, an annular guide rail is provided on the distal side of the handle portion, and a sliding groove is provided on the proximal side of the rotating portion, wherein the sliding groove and the annular guide rail form a sliding pair.

[0015] In one embodiment of the invention, the power shaft clutch mechanism includes an input shaft, an input clutch, an output clutch, and an output shaft connected in sequence. The input shaft is connected to the power assembly, and the output clutch is connected to the end effector. The distal side of the input clutch meshes with the proximal side of the output clutch. The proximal side of the input clutch is provided with a groove, and when the second housing moves toward the first housing, the output clutch moves into the groove.

[0016] In one embodiment of the invention, the attitude clutch mechanism includes a handle clutch and a rotary clutch, the handle clutch and the rotary clutch engaging gears, the handle clutch being connected to the distal side of the first housing, and the rotary clutch being connected to the second housing.

[0017] In one embodiment of the invention, the attitude clutch mechanism further includes a first pressure spring, the two ends of which are respectively connected to the handle clutch and the second housing.

[0018] In one embodiment of the invention, the power assembly includes a power unit, a transmission unit, and an output gear. The power unit and the output gear are connected through the transmission unit, and the output gear is connected to the power shaft clutch mechanism.

[0019] In one embodiment of the invention, an emergency retraction mechanism is also included, the emergency retraction mechanism comprising a one-way rotating component, a retraction shaft, an intermediate braking component, and a retraction shaft pin;

[0020] The unidirectional rotating component is rotatably connected to the proximal side of the handle portion;

[0021] The unidirectional rotating component has a mounting hole, one end of the retracting shaft is located in the mounting hole and rotates synchronously with the unidirectional rotating component, and the retracting shaft moves left and right along the central axis in the mounting hole; the retracting shaft is connected to the intermediate brake component and the two rotate synchronously.

[0022] The retraction shaft moves to the right along the central axis, and the far side of the retraction shaft is connected to the output gear of the power assembly, while the intermediate brake disconnects the output gear from the transmission unit.

[0023] In one embodiment of the invention, the transmission unit includes an input gear, an intermediate gear, a rotating shaft, and a second pressure spring; the intermediate braking component includes a disengagement slider and a pushing slider.

[0024] The input gear is connected to the power unit, the intermediate gear meshes with the input gear and the output gear, the intermediate gear passes through the rotating shaft, one end of the rotating shaft is connected to the first housing of the handle, the disengagement slider is sleeved on the other end of the rotating shaft, the second pressure spring is located between the intermediate gear and the first housing, the intermediate gear contacts the lower surface of the disengagement slider; the upper surface of the disengagement slider is provided with a first upper plane and an upper inclined plane; the pushing slider is provided with a through hole, the return rotating shaft passes through the through hole, and the lower surface of the pushing slider is provided with a lower inclined plane and a second lower plane;

[0025] When the output gear is connected to the transmission unit, the lower inclined surface contacts the first upper plane; as the return shaft moves to the right along the central axis, the second lower plane contacts the upper inclined surface.

[0026] In one embodiment of the invention, the unidirectional rotating component includes a ratchet wheel, a ratchet gear, a locking slide rail, a rotating slider, and a return pin;

[0027] The ratchet wheel is rotatably connected to the handle portion. The inner wall of the ratchet wheel is provided with at least one-way ratchet, and the outer wall of the ratchet gear is provided with teeth that mesh with the one-way ratchet. The proximal side of the locking slide rail is connected to the ratchet gear. The locking slide rail is provided with a cylindrical central hole inside. A track is provided on the proximal side of the central hole. The outer wall of the proximal side of the rotating slider is provided with a protrusion that forms a sliding pair with the track. The proximal side of the return shaft is connected to the distal side of the rotating slider, and the distal side of the return shaft pin is connected to the proximal side of the rotating slider.

[0028] The outer wall of the distal side of the rotating slider is provided with an annular groove. As the retraction shaft moves to the right along the central axis, the annular protrusion is engaged in the annular groove.

[0029] In one embodiment of the invention, the end effector includes a third housing and a third cavity disposed in the third housing. The third housing is connected to the second housing. A sliding nut and a lead screw disposed along the central axis are connected in the third cavity. The lead screw and the sliding nut form a threaded pair. The lead screw is engaged with the power shaft clutch mechanism.

[0030] The above-mentioned technical solution of the invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0031] This invention discloses a surgical stapler comprising a handle, a rotating part, an end effector, a power shaft clutch mechanism, and a posture clutch mechanism. The handle is rotatably connected to the rotating part, and the end effector is connected to the rotating part. Furthermore, a power assembly inside the handle is connected to a power shaft via the power shaft clutch mechanism, and the posture clutch mechanism connects the first housing and the second housing. The second housing moves left and right relative to the first housing along a central axis. When the second housing moves left along the central axis, the power assembly and the power shaft of the end effector are disconnected, and the first and second housings are disconnected. Thus, in the initial state, the second housing is located at the right end relative to the first housing. The power assembly inside the handle is connected to the power shaft of the end effector via the power shaft clutch mechanism, thereby driving the power shaft in the end effector to rotate, achieving actuated rotation. When the second housing moves left along the central axis, the power assembly and the power shaft of the end effector are disconnected, and the first and second housings are disconnected. At this time, the second housing and the end effector rotate synchronously to achieve posture rotation. Furthermore, since the connection between the power assembly and the power shaft is disconnected, although the power shaft rotates, this rotation is not transmitted to the power assembly. Therefore, this application eliminates the influence of attitude rotation on actuation rotation while ensuring that actuation rotation and attitude rotation can proceed normally. This makes the end effector controllable and improves its accuracy. Attached Figure Description

[0032] To make the invention easier to understand, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings.

[0033] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a surgical stapler according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 The diagram shows a surgical stapler with the power shaft clutch mechanism in the engaged state.

[0035] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 The diagram shows a surgical stapler with the power shaft clutch mechanism in a disengaged state.

[0036] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 The diagram shows a surgical stapler with the power shaft clutch mechanism and the posture clutch mechanism in an engaged state.

[0037] Figure 5 yes Figure 1 The diagram shows a surgical stapler with the power shaft clutch mechanism and the attitude clutch mechanism in a separated state.

[0038] Figure 6 yes Figure 1 The diagram shows the connection between the power unit and the emergency retraction mechanism in a surgical stapler.

[0039] Figure 7 yes Figure 1 The diagram shows the operation of an emergency retraction mechanism in a surgical stapler.

[0040] Figure 8 yes Figure 1 The diagram shows a structural schematic of an input clutch and output clutch or a handle clutch and a rotary clutch in a surgical stapler.

[0041] Figure 9 yes Figure 8 The diagram shows an alternative structure for a surgical stapler, consisting of an input clutch and an output clutch, or a handle clutch and a rotary clutch.

[0042] Figure 10 yes Figure 1 The image shows a front view of a dislocation slider in a surgical stapler;

[0043] Figure 11 yes Figure 1 The image shows a side view of a dislocation slider in a surgical stapler;

[0044] Figure 12 yes Figure 1 The image shows a front view of a locking slide rail in a surgical stapler;

[0045] Figure 13 yes Figure 1 The image shows a side view of a locking slide rail in a surgical stapler;

[0046] Figure 14 yes Figure 1 The image shows a front view of a rotating slider in a surgical stapler.

[0047] Figure 15 yes Figure 1 The image shows a side view of a rotating slider in a surgical stapler.

[0048] Figure 16 yes Figure 1 The diagram shows a schematic of the retraction shaft in a surgical stapler. Detailed Implementation

[0049] The invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, so that those skilled in the art can better understand and implement the invention, but the embodiments are not intended to limit the invention.

[0050] Reference Figures 1 to 16 As shown, the invention provides a surgical stapler, comprising:

[0051] The handle portion 51 includes a first housing and a first cavity disposed in the first housing, wherein a power assembly 3 is disposed in the first cavity;

[0052] The rotating part 52 is rotatably connected to the handle part 51 at one end (proximal side). The rotating part 52 includes a second housing and a second cavity disposed in the second housing. The second housing moves left and right relative to the first housing along the central axis.

[0053] An end effector 53 is connected to the other end (far side) of the rotating part 52, and a power shaft is provided in the end effector 53;

[0054] The power shaft clutch mechanism 1 is disposed in the second cavity;

[0055] The attitude clutch mechanism 2 is disposed in the second cavity and located between the first housing and the second housing;

[0056] The power shaft clutch mechanism 1 connects the power shaft of the power assembly 3 and the end effector 53, and the attitude clutch mechanism 2 connects the first housing and the second housing. As the second housing moves to the left along the central axis, the power shaft of the power assembly 3 and the end effector 53, as well as the first housing and the second housing, are disconnected.

[0057] In some comparative embodiments, the rotating part 52 is connected to the end effector 53, and the power component 3 in the handle part 51 is connected to the power shaft of the end effector 53. The power component 3 drives the power shaft to rotate (i.e., actuation rotation 61), thereby causing the end effector 53 to move left and right. The actuation rotation 61 converts the rotational motion into linear motion within the end effector 53 through existing technologies such as a nut-screw (power shaft) kinematic pair, thereby achieving the cutting and suturing of the human tissue to be processed and completing the actuation action. The handle part 51 is connected to the rotating part 52, and the rotating part 52 can rotate 62 about the central axis of the handle part 51. The rotation axis 34 of the rotating part 52 is the central axis of the surgical stapler, i.e. Figure 1The horizontal direction. When the rotating part 52 rotates at an angle 62, it drives the end effector 53 to rotate synchronously. In other words, the axial rotation of the end effector 53 can also be considered as an angle rotation 62. The surgical stapler of this invention is based on end-effector rotation transmission; that is, the power for the actuation of the end effector 53 comes from the actuation rotation 61. The power for the actuation rotation 61 comes from the power unit inside the handle part 51, therefore the rotation angle of the actuation rotation 61 is calculated with the handle part 51 as the reference frame. The end effector 53 rotates synchronously with the rotating part 52, therefore the angle rotation 62 for the end effector 53 to change its posture is the same as that of the rotating part 52, calculated with the handle part 51 as the reference frame. The nut of the nut-screw pair inside the end effector 53, which converts rotational motion into linear motion, rotates synchronously with the end effector 53, and the screw of the nut-screw pair rotates synchronously with the actuation rotation 61. Therefore, when the spatial orientation of the anastomosis device needs to be changed by rotating it (62), the rotating part 52 will drive the end effector 53 to rotate. The nut of the nut-screw pair rotates relative to the screw, and the rotational motion is converted into linear motion, resulting in an unplanned actuation action. In other words, the operator needs a change in the spatial orientation of the device, but axial rotation of the end effector produces an actuation action that should not occur. That is, the orientation rotation 62 affects the actuation rotation 61.

[0058] Specifically, this embodiment includes a handle portion 51, a rotating portion 52, an end effector 53, a power shaft clutch mechanism 1, and a posture clutch mechanism 2. The handle portion 51 is rotatably connected to the rotating portion 52, and the end effector 53 is connected to the rotating portion 52. Furthermore, the power assembly 3 inside the handle portion 51 is connected to a power shaft via the power shaft clutch mechanism 1, and the posture clutch mechanism 2 connects the first housing and the second housing. Next, the second housing moves left and right relative to the first housing along the central axis. When the second housing moves left along the central axis, the power shaft of the power assembly 3 and the end effector 53 is disconnected, and the first housing and the second housing are disconnected. Thus, in the initial state, the second housing is located at the right end relative to the first housing, and the power assembly 3 inside the handle portion 51 is connected to the power shaft of the end effector 53 via the power shaft clutch mechanism 1, thereby causing the power assembly 3 to drive the power shaft in the end effector 53 to rotate, achieving actuated rotation 61. When the second housing moves to the left along the central axis, the power shafts of the power assembly 3 and the end effector 53 are disconnected, and the first housing and the second housing are disconnected. At this time, the second housing and the end effector 53 rotate synchronously to achieve attitude rotation 62. Furthermore, since the connection between the power assembly 3 and the power shaft is disconnected, although the power shaft rotates, it will not transmit this rotation to the power assembly 3. Therefore, this application eliminates the influence of attitude rotation 62 on actuation rotation 61 while ensuring the normal operation of actuation rotation 61 and attitude rotation 62. This makes the end effector controllable and improves its accuracy.

[0059] Furthermore, the handle portion 51 is provided with an annular guide rail on its distal side, and the rotating portion 52 is provided with a sliding groove on its proximal side, the sliding groove and the annular guide rail forming a sliding pair; the outer wall of the second housing is provided with an arc-shaped handle.

[0060] Specifically, this embodiment is provided with an annular guide rail and a slide groove, which constitute a sliding pair. This allows the rotating part 52 to move relative to the handle part 51 by the doctor pulling the rotating part 52 to the left with the arc-shaped handle. This disconnects the power component 3 from the end effector 53 and the first housing from the second housing. The operation is convenient and quick, the structure is simple, and the cost is low.

[0061] Furthermore, the power shaft clutch mechanism 1 includes an input shaft 11, an input clutch 13, an output clutch 14, and an output shaft 12 connected in sequence. The input shaft 11 is connected to the power assembly 3, and the output clutch 14 is connected to the end effector 53. The distal side of the input clutch 13 meshes with the proximal side of the output clutch 14. The proximal side of the input clutch 13 is provided with a groove. When the second housing moves toward the first housing, the output clutch 14 moves into the groove.

[0062] See Figures 8-9 It should be noted that in the initial state, the external teeth on the input clutch 13 and the internal teeth on the output clutch 14 are engaged, and the clutch mechanism is in the engaged state, with the input shaft 11 and output shaft 12 rotating synchronously. As the second housing of the rotating part 52 moves to the left, the input shaft 11 and output shaft 12 move closer to each other along the central axis of the stapler, and the external teeth on the input clutch 13 and the internal teeth on the output clutch 14 are misaligned, thus the clutch mechanism is in the disengaged state. In other embodiments, the input shaft 11 and output shaft 12 can be moved further apart along the central axis of the stapler to switch the clutch mechanism to the disengaged state. In some possible embodiments, the relative position of the input shaft 11 with the handle part 51 in the central axis direction of the stapler can be fixed by using bearings, retaining rings, or direct shaft surface contact, but it can rotate around it. The output shaft 12 cannot move relative to the rotating part 52 in the central axis direction of the stapler, but it can rotate around it. Therefore, by moving the handle portion 51 and the rotating portion 52 relative to each other along the central axis of the stapler (i.e., moving the second housing of the rotating portion 52 left and right relative to the handle portion 51), the power shaft clutch mechanism 1 can be switched between the disengaged and engaged states.

[0063] Specifically, in this embodiment, the proximal side of the input shaft 11 is connected to the power assembly 3, enabling synchronous rotation with the power device (e.g., motor, drive wheel, etc.) of the surgical stapler. The distal side of the output shaft 12 is connected to the power shaft (lead screw) of the end effector 53, driving the power shaft to rotate synchronously, i.e., performing actuation rotation 61, thereby executing an actuation action. The distal side of the input shaft 11 is fixedly connected to the input clutch 13, and the proximal side of the output shaft 12 is fixedly connected to the output clutch 14.

[0064] In some embodiments, the input clutch 13 has internal teeth, and the output clutch 14 has external teeth. In some possible embodiments, the number of internal teeth is equal to the number of external teeth. In other embodiments, the number of internal teeth and external teeth may be unequal. For example, the number of external teeth is greater than the number of internal teeth. Or, the number of internal teeth is greater than the number of external teeth. For example, the output clutch 14 has 36 teeth, thus allowing a 10° accuracy in the angle change of the posture rotation 62. The more teeth, the higher the accuracy, and the better the user experience for doctors. The input clutch 13 has 6 teeth, and the allowable 10° accuracy in the angle change of the posture rotation 62 is still maintained. Compared to the embodiment with 36 teeth in the input clutch 13, the stability of embodiments with different numbers of teeth decreases, but the processing difficulty and cost decrease, and the accuracy requirements for the processing technology also decrease. Both equal and unequal tooth counts have their advantages and can be selected according to actual needs. In some possible embodiments, the input clutch 13, which serves as the internal gear carrier, can be divided into left and right parts to reduce the difficulty and cost of machining. In other embodiments, the output clutch 14, which serves as the internal gear carrier, can also be machined as a single piece or split into upper and lower parts.

[0065] Further, the attitude clutch mechanism 2 includes a handle clutch 21 and a rotary clutch 22, the handle clutch 21 and the rotary clutch 22 engaging with gears, the handle clutch 21 being connected to the distal side of the first housing, and the rotary clutch 22 being connected to the proximal side of the second housing. In some embodiments, the handle clutch 21 is provided with external teeth, and the rotary clutch 22 is provided with internal teeth, the external teeth and internal teeth engaging. Because in this embodiment, the contact form in which the handle part 51 and the rotating part 52 rotate relative to each other is that the handle part 51 is inside and the rotating part 52 is outside, considering the simplification of structure and ease of assembly, this application uses the handle clutch 21 as the external teeth and the rotary clutch 22 as the internal teeth as an example. In other embodiments, it is also feasible to set the handle clutch 21 as the internal teeth and the rotary clutch 22 as the external teeth. Considering ergonomics, in order for the handle portion 51 and the rotating portion 52 to move relatively closer / away in the direction of the central axis of the stapler, doctors are more accustomed to pulling the rotating portion 52 closer to the handle portion 51. Therefore, the preferred left-right arrangement of this embodiment further facilitates the use of the user.

[0066] Specifically, the posture clutch mechanism 2 in this embodiment includes a handle clutch 21 and a rotary clutch 22, and an input clutch 13 and an output clutch 14 engaged by gears. In the initial state, the power shaft clutch mechanism 1 is engaged; the handle clutch 21 and the rotary clutch 22 are engaged, and the posture clutch mechanism 2 is engaged. At this time, the rotating part 52 cannot rotate around the handle part 51. Through the transmission of the power assembly 3 and the posture clutch mechanism 2, the power device of the surgical stapler (e.g., a motor, drive wheel, etc.) drives the power shaft of the end effector 53 to rotate synchronously, thereby transmitting the actuating force of the instrument from the proximal side to the distal side, that is, performing the actuating action by transmitting the actuating rotation 61. When the doctor pulls the rotating part 52 closer to the handle part 51, the input clutch 13 and the output clutch 14 move away from each other, and the power shaft clutch mechanism 1 changes from the engaged state to the disengaged state; the toothed structures on the handle clutch 21 and the rotary clutch 22 also move away from each other, and the posture clutch mechanism 2 changes from the engaged state to the disengaged state; the first pressure spring 23 is further compressed. At this time, the rotating part 52 can rotate around the handle part 51, but this rotational movement will not drive the power shaft of the end effector 53 to rotate, so the posture rotation 62 will not affect the actuation rotation 61. When the doctor stops pulling the rotating part 52 closer, the first pressure spring 23 pushes the rotating part 52 to move to the distal side, eventually returning to the initial state, that is, both the power shaft clutch mechanism 1 and the posture clutch mechanism 2 return to the engaged state.

[0067] Furthermore, the attitude clutch mechanism 2 also includes a first pressure spring 23, the two ends of which are respectively connected to one side of the handle clutch 21 and the second housing. In some embodiments, the first pressure spring 23 is always in a compressed state, so that there is always a force between the handle clutch 21 and the thrust bearing that keeps them away from each other, that is, the rotating part 52 is always subjected to a force that keeps it away from the handle part 51. In some embodiments, the handle clutch 21 has a protrusion on its distal side, and the distal end of the protrusion acts as a limit, so that when the rotating part 52 is released and returns to the distal end of the protrusion relative to the handle part 51, it stops at the distal end of the protrusion, thereby creating a distance limit between the handle part 51 and the rotating part 52; at this limit position, the proximal side of the protrusion contacts the rotating part 52, and since the handle clutch 21 is fixedly mounted on the rotating part 52, the rotating part 52 cannot move further away from the handle part 51.

[0068] Specifically, in this embodiment, the posture clutch mechanism 2 also includes a first pressure spring 23, so that after the doctor releases the rotating part 52, the handle clutch 21 and the rotation clutch 22 automatically reset to engagement under the action of the first pressure spring 23.

[0069] In some possible implementations, a first thrust bearing 24 is also connected between the first pressure spring 23 and the second housing. The function of the first thrust bearing 24 is to reduce the resistance of the rotating part 52 rotating around the handle part 51, that is, the resistance of the posture rotation 62.

[0070] Furthermore, the power assembly 3 includes a power unit, a transmission unit, and an output gear 32. The power unit and the output gear 32 are connected through the transmission unit, and the output gear 32 is connected to the input shaft 11 of the power shaft clutch mechanism 1.

[0071] It should be noted that the power shaft clutch mechanism 1 is connected to the power assembly 3, and the two can rotate synchronously. The power shaft clutch mechanism 1 transmits rotational power to the end effector 53, causing the end effector 53 to generate the actuating force required for the surgical operation, i.e., actuating rotation 61. The power shaft clutch mechanism 1 allows the power shafts of the power assembly 3 and the end effector 53 to rotate synchronously or independently. When the power shaft clutch mechanism 1 moves in a relatively linear manner (left and right) along the central axis of the stapler, the clutch state can be switched (i.e., the power assembly 3 and the end effector 53 can be connected or disconnected). One end of the posture clutch mechanism 2 is fixedly connected to the rotating part 52; the other end of the posture clutch mechanism 2 is fixedly connected to the handle part 51. There is a clutch mechanism (i.e., handle clutch 21 and rotary clutch 22) between the two ends of the posture clutch mechanism 2, so the handle part 51 and the rotating part 52 can be relatively fixed or relatively rotated; when the rotating part 52 moves left and right along the central axis, the clutch state can be switched (engaged state or disengaged state). As the rotating part 52 is pulled closer to / away from the handle part 51 along the central axis of the anastomosis device, the disengagement / engagement states of the power shaft clutch mechanism 1 and the attitude clutch mechanism 2 can be switched simultaneously. As a result, when the rotating part 52 cannot rotate relative to the handle part 51 (i.e., when the attitude clutch mechanism 2 is engaged), the power assembly 3 rotates synchronously with the lead screw of the end effector 53 via the power shaft clutch mechanism 1, and the power shaft clutch mechanism 1 is also engaged. When the rotating part 52 can rotate around the handle part 51, the attitude clutch mechanism 2 is disengaged. This disconnects the input clutch 13 and output clutch 14 of the power shaft clutch mechanism 1, preventing the rotational motion of the power assembly 3 from being transmitted to the end effector 53; thus, the power shaft clutch mechanism 1 is disengaged. This eliminates the influence of the attitude rotation 62 on the actuation rotation 61. At this time, the handle clutch 21 and rotary clutch 22 of the attitude clutch mechanism 2 are also in the disengaged state. At this time, the second housing of the rotating part 52 and the third housing of the end effector 53 rotate synchronously to achieve attitude rotation 6262. Since the power shaft clutch mechanism 1 is in the disengaged state at this time, the connection between the power component 3 and the lead screw of the end effector 53 is disconnected, so the attitude rotation 6262 will not affect the actuation rotation 61.

[0072] A complete surgical stapler also needs to have an emergency retraction function to handle situations during stapler use where the anastomosis operation needs to be terminated immediately, such as when the anastomosis resistance exceeds the actuation limit, the stapler malfunctions for unknown reasons, or the anastomosis position is incorrect. To address this issue, this embodiment includes an emergency retraction mechanism 4. The structure of the emergency retraction mechanism 4 is as follows.

[0073] Furthermore, it also includes an emergency retraction mechanism 4, which includes a one-way rotating component, a retraction shaft 45, an intermediate braking component, and a retraction pin 47;

[0074] The unidirectional rotating component is rotatably connected to the proximal side of the handle portion 51;

[0075] The unidirectional rotating component has a mounting hole, one end of the retracting rotating shaft 45 is located in the mounting hole and rotates synchronously with the unidirectional rotating component, and the retracting rotating shaft 45 moves left and right along the central axis in the mounting hole; the retracting rotating shaft 45 is connected to the intermediate brake component and the two rotate synchronously.

[0076] The retraction shaft 45 moves to the right along the central axis, and the far side of the retraction shaft 45 is connected to the output gear 32 of the power assembly 3, and the intermediate brake disconnects the connection between the output gear 32 and the transmission unit.

[0077] Furthermore, the transmission unit includes an input gear 31, an intermediate gear 33, a rotating shaft 34, and a second pressure spring 35; the intermediate braking component includes a disengagement slider 37 and a pushing slider 46.

[0078] The input gear 31 is connected to the power unit, the intermediate gear 33 meshes with the input gear 31 and the output gear 32, the intermediate gear 33 passes through the rotating shaft 34, one end of the rotating shaft 34 is connected to the first housing of the handle part 51, and the disengagement slider 37 is sleeved on the other end of the rotating shaft 34. For example, the lower surface of the disengagement slider 37 is provided with a cylindrical cavity 374, and the other end of the rotating shaft 34 is locked in the cylindrical cavity 374. The second pressure spring 35 is located between the intermediate gear 33 and the first housing, and the intermediate gear 33 is in contact with the lower surface of the disengagement slider 37. The upper surface of the disengagement slider 37 is provided with a first upper plane 372 and an upper inclined plane 376. The first upper plane 372 and the upper inclined plane 376 are smoothly transitioned.

[0079] The push slider 46 is provided with a through hole, and the retraction shaft 45 passes through the through hole. The lower surface of the push slider 46 is provided with a lower inclined surface 465 and a second lower plane 466; the lower inclined surface 465 and the second lower plane 466 are smoothly transitioned.

[0080] When the output gear 32 is connected to the transmission part, the lower inclined surface 465 contacts the first upper plane 372; as the return shaft 45 moves to the right along the central axis, the second lower plane 466 contacts the upper inclined surface 376.

[0081] In some embodiments, the second pressure spring 35 is always in a compressed state, so that the intermediate gear 33 is always in contact with the side of the protrusion structure at the upper end of the rotating shaft 34, so that in the initial state, the intermediate gear 33 can maintain a constant position relative to the rotating shaft 34.

[0082] In some possible embodiments, the power unit includes an electric motor, which is disposed in the first cavity and connected to the first housing, and is connected to the input gear 31.

[0083] In some possible embodiments, the intermediate braking component further includes a tension spring 38, the top end of which is connected to the first housing and the bottom end of which is connected to the disengagement slider 37. In some embodiments, the disengagement slider 37 is provided with a through hole 373, through which a long cylindrical pin protruding from its surface passes, and the bottom end of the tension spring 38 is connected to the long cylindrical pin. In some embodiments, there are two tension springs 38, which are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the disengagement slider 37.

[0084] Specifically, the tension spring 38 ensures that the disengagement slider 37 is always subjected to an upward force, so that the first upper surface 372 of the disengagement slider 37 is always in close contact with the lower inclined surface 465 of the pushing slider 46 unless an emergency retraction operation is performed. In the initial state, the upper end of the rotating shaft 34 is placed inside the cylindrical cavity 374 of the disengagement slider 37, allowing the rotating shaft 34 to maintain its position more stably, and the first lower surface 375 of the disengagement slider 37 is suspended and does not contact the intermediate gear 33.

[0085] In some possible embodiments, the dislocation slider 37 is provided with symmetrical protruding structures 371 on the front and rear sides, the inner walls of the front and rear sides of the first housing are provided with the protrusions, the protrusions are provided with grooves, and the protruding structures 371 are engaged in the grooves.

[0086] Specifically, the protruding structure 371 cooperates with the groove to play a role in limiting movement, so that the disengaged slider 37 can and can only move in a straight line along the central axis of the rotation axis 34.

[0087] In some possible embodiments, the transmission unit further includes a second thrust bearing 36, which is disposed at the location where the rotating shaft 34 connects to the first housing. The upper end of the second pressure spring 35 is always in contact with the intermediate gear 33, and the lower end is always in contact with the second thrust bearing 36. When the intermediate gear 33 rotates, the second pressure spring 35 and the second thrust bearing 36 rotate together, and the resistance of both to the intermediate gear 33 is small.

[0088] Furthermore, the unidirectional rotating component includes a ratchet wheel 41, a ratchet gear 42, a locking slide rail 43, a rotating slider 44, and a return pin 47;

[0089] The ratchet wheel 41 is rotatably connected to the handle portion 51. The inner wall of the ratchet wheel 41 is provided with at least one-way ratchet pawl, and the outer wall of the ratchet gear 42 is provided with teeth that mesh with the one-way ratchet pawl. The proximal side of the locking slide rail 43 is connected to the ratchet gear 42. For example, the inner wall of the ratchet gear 42 is provided with a mounting hole, and the proximal side of the locking slide rail 43 is fixed in the mounting hole. The ratchet gear 42 and the locking slide rail 43 undergo upward displacement in a direction parallel to the central axis, but they can rotate synchronously. The locking slide rail 43 is placed in the first housing, and while it undergoes upward displacement in a direction parallel to the central axis, it can rotate relative to the first housing. The locking slide rail 43 has a cylindrical central hole inside, and a track 431 is provided near the central hole. The outer wall of the rotating slider 44 near the track has a protrusion 441, and the protrusion 441 and the track 431 form a sliding pair. The near side of the return shaft 45 is connected to the far side of the rotating slider 44, and the far side of the return pin 47 is connected to the near side of the rotating slider 44. For example, the far side of the rotating slider 44 is a cavity 443 with a polygonal cross-section. Preferably, the polygonal cavity 443 is a regular n-gon (n≥3), and the cross-section of the near side shaft 452 of the return shaft 45 is a regular n-gon (n≥3). The near side shaft 452 can be inserted into the polygonal cavity 443 of the rotating slider 44, so that the two rotate synchronously.

[0090] Specifically, the input gear 31 is connected to the power unit, and the two rotate synchronously, thereby transmitting the power of the power unit. The output gear 32 is connected to the input shaft 11 of the power shaft clutch mechanism 1, and the two rotate synchronously. The intermediate gear 33 is located between the input gear 31 and the output gear 32, and meshes with both, thus transmitting the power of the input gear 31 to the output gear 32. The intermediate gear 33 rotates around the rotating shaft 34 and can move linearly along the central axis of the rotating shaft 34. One end of the rotating shaft 34 is placed on the handle part 51 and fixed in its relative position, and the other end is in contact with the disengagement slider 37. The emergency retraction mechanism 4 of the present invention is provided in the first cavity of the handle part 51. The retraction pin 47 pushes the rotating slider 44, the retraction shaft 45, and the push slider 46 from the proximal side to the distal side, and finally pushes the disengagement slider 37 obliquely downward along the central axis of the rotating shaft 34. At this time, the contact surfaces 465 and 372 between the push slider 46 and the disengagement slider 37 change to 465 and 376 respectively. The disengagement slider 37 further pushes the intermediate gear 33 obliquely downward along the central axis of the rotation shaft 34, so that the input gear 31, output gear 32, and intermediate gear 33 do not contact each other. Therefore, the rotational power of the power unit of the surgical stapler cannot be transmitted to the end effector 53, and there is no resistance from the power unit of the surgical stapler when the actuation rotation 61 is performed in the opposite direction. In the retraction state, the shaft 452 of the farthest side of the retraction shaft 45 is inserted into the cavity in the axial direction of the output gear 32. Therefore, when the retraction pin 47 is rotated in the unidirectional rotation direction restricted by the pawl wheel 41 and the ratchet gear 42, the direction of rotation allowed by the pawl wheel 41 is opposite to the positive transmission direction of the actuation power of the instrument transmitted by the output shaft 12 of the power shaft clutch mechanism 1, that is, the opposite direction of the actuation rotation 61. In other words, when the output shaft 12 is rotated in the direction in which the ratchet 42 can rotate, the end effector 53 will retract. This causes the power shaft of the end effector 53 to rotate in the opposite direction to the actuation rotation 61, ultimately returning the end effector 53 to its initial state. Therefore, by inserting the retraction pin 47 of the emergency retraction mechanism 4 from the outside, the doctor can cut off the power transmission from the power assembly 3 to the end effector 53. Subsequently, the doctor can manually rotate the power shaft of the end effector 53 by operating the retraction pin 47 of the emergency retraction mechanism 4. However, due to the directional restriction of the ratchet 41, this manual rotation can only be unidirectional, and this unidirectional rotation is opposite to the direction of the actuation rotation 61. Therefore, the manual method can only return the end effector 53 to its initial state and will not cause it to continue performing the actuation action, thus preventing the situation, which already requires immediate termination of the anastomosis operation, from worsening due to the doctor's incorrect operation.

[0091] In some embodiments, the cross-section of the distal shaft 452 of the retraction shaft 45 is a regular n-gon (n≥3). A cavity matching the cross-section of the distal shaft 452 is provided on the proximal side of the output gear 32. The distal shaft 452 is inserted into this cavity, and the cross-sections of both fit together, allowing the retraction shaft 45 and the output gear 32 to rotate synchronously. A through hole is provided in the handle portion 51 along the central axis of the anastomosis device, through which the retraction pin 47, an external accessory of the emergency retraction mechanism 4, is inserted. The cross-section of the distal shaft of the retraction pin 47 is a regular n-gon (n≥3), and the cross-section of the proximal shaft is also a regular n-gon (n≥3). The n values ​​do not need to be equal, and there is a boss in the middle with a cross-sectional shape larger than that of the distal shaft. The distal shaft of the retraction pin 47 can be inserted into the cavity 443 of the rotating slider 44, thereby driving the rotating slider 44 to rotate synchronously. The proximal shaft of the retraction pin 47 can be connected to a socket wrench, etc., making axial rotation of the retraction pin 47 easier to achieve. The cross-section of the proximal shaft of the retraction pin 47 is also a regular hexagon. In other embodiments, the proximal shaft can be directly designed as a wrench and used as such. The central boss of the retraction pin 47 is used for limiting. When the retraction pin 47 is inserted into the handle portion 51 and the rotating slider 44 is pushed further distally, when the distal plane 463 of the boss is blocked by the proximal plane 463 of the handle portion 51, the locking slide rail 43 and the rotating slider 44 are locked in the direction of the central axis of the stapler. The rotating slider 44 cannot move proximally or distally, but can only rotate axially. This is the retraction state. In other words, when the central boss of the retraction pin 47 contacts the handle portion 51, the doctor knows that the insertion is in place. At this time, the end effector 53 can be returned to its initial state by rotating the retraction pin 47. The rotating slider 44 can move left and right along the central axis inside the locking slide rail 43, and when the rotating slider 44 rotates axially, it will drive the locking slide rail 43 to rotate synchronously.

[0092] A shaft 453 is located in the middle of the rotating slider 44. The cross-section of the shaft 453 is circular, and the axis of the shaft 453 is collinear with the central axis. The far side of the shaft 453 is connected to the near side of the shaft 452. The pushing slider 46 has a cavity 461 into which the shaft 453 can be inserted. The cavity 461 is cylindrical, and its cross-sectional shape is larger than that of the shaft 453. Therefore, when the return shaft 45 drives the output gear 32 to rotate axially, no significant resistance is generated between the return shaft 45 and the pushing slider 46.

[0093] In some possible embodiments, the handle portion 51 is provided with a slider track plane that is always in contact with the second upper plane 462 and the side plane 463 of the pushing slider 46, respectively restricting the pushing slider 46 from moving upward and preventing it from moving forward and backward. The handle portion 51 is provided with a limiting structure that is in contact with the rear plane 464 of the pushing slider 46, which is used to define the farthest distance that the pushing slider 46 can reach when moving to the proximal side, that is, the position of the pushing slider 46 in the initial state. At this time, the lower inclined surface 465 of the pushing slider 46 is in contact with the first upper plane 372 of the disengagement slider 37. Due to the action of the tension spring 38, the disengagement slider 37 can only move along the central axis of the rotation axis 34.

[0094] Furthermore, an annular protrusion 432 is provided on the far side of the central hole of the locking slide rail 43;

[0095] The outer wall of the rotary slider 44 on the far side is provided with an annular groove 442. As the retracting shaft 45 moves to the right along the central axis, the annular protrusion 432 is engaged in the annular groove 442.

[0096] Specifically, this embodiment features matching annular protrusions 432 and annular grooves 442. When the retraction shaft 45 moves to the right along the central axis, the annular protrusion 432 engages with the annular groove 442. This prevents the rotating slider 44 from moving left or right relative to the locking slide rail 43 along the central axis, but it can still rotate axially. The locking slide rail 43 is locked along the central axis of the stapler, thus keeping other components in place. Figure 7 The position remains unchanged, and due to the unidirectional rotation restriction of the ratchet wheel 41 and ratchet gear 42, the surgical stapler can no longer perform actuation actions and can only be scrapped. This avoids the safety hazard of medical accidents easily occurring again when users violate the medical device usage regulations and use instruments that have had problems.

[0097] Furthermore, the end effector 53 includes a third housing and a third cavity disposed in the third housing. The third housing is connected to the second housing. A sliding nut and a lead screw disposed along the central axis are connected in the third cavity. The lead screw and the sliding nut form a threaded pair. The lead screw is connected to the output shaft 12 of the power shaft clutch mechanism 1.

[0098] It should be noted that this invention proposes to eliminate the influence of the device posture rotation 62 on the actuation rotation 61 by mechanical means, and also proposes a mechanical structure-based solution for emergency retraction.

[0099] It should be noted that in this application, "proximal" refers to the part of the device closer to the clinician, and "distal" refers to the part of the device farther from the clinician. "Proximal" is on the left, and "distal" is on the right.

[0100] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely illustrative examples for clear explanation and are not intended to limit the implementation. Those skilled in the art can make other variations or modifications based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively list all possible implementations here. However, obvious variations or modifications derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A surgical stapler, characterized in that: include: The handle includes a first housing and a first cavity disposed in the first housing, wherein a power component is disposed in the first cavity; A rotating part, one end of which is rotatably connected to the handle part, the rotating part includes a second housing and a second cavity disposed in the second housing, the second housing can move left and right relative to the first housing along the central axis; An end effector is connected to the other end of the rotating part, and the end effector is provided with a power shaft; The power shaft clutch mechanism is disposed in the second cavity; A posture clutch mechanism, wherein the clutch is disposed in the second cavity and located between the first housing and the second housing; The power shaft clutch mechanism connects the power assembly and the power shaft, and the attitude clutch mechanism connects the first housing and the second housing. As the second housing moves to the left along the central axis, the connection between the power assembly and the power shaft is broken, and the connection between the first housing and the second housing is also broken.

2. The surgical stapler according to claim 1, characterized in that: The handle is provided with an annular guide rail on its distal side and a sliding groove is provided on its proximal side. The sliding groove and the annular guide rail form a sliding pair.

3. The surgical stapler according to claim 2, characterized in that: The power shaft clutch mechanism includes an input shaft, an input clutch, an output clutch, and an output shaft connected in sequence. The input shaft is connected to the power assembly, and the output clutch is connected to the end effector. The distal side of the input clutch meshes with the proximal side of the output clutch. The proximal side of the input clutch is provided with a groove. When the second housing moves toward the first housing, the output clutch moves into the groove.

4. The surgical stapler according to claim 3, characterized in that: The attitude clutch mechanism includes a handle clutch and a rotary clutch, the handle clutch and the rotary clutch are engaged by gears, the handle clutch is connected to the distal side of the first housing, and the rotary clutch is connected to the second housing.

5. The surgical stapler according to claim 4, characterized in that: The attitude clutch mechanism also includes a first pressure spring, the two ends of which are connected to the handle clutch and the second housing, respectively.

6. The surgical stapler according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power assembly includes a power unit, a transmission unit, and an output gear. The power unit and the output gear are connected through the transmission unit, and the output gear is connected to the power shaft clutch mechanism.

7. The surgical stapler according to claim 6, characterized in that: It also includes an emergency retraction mechanism, which includes a one-way rotating component, a retraction shaft, an intermediate braking component, and a retraction pin; The unidirectional rotating component is rotatably connected to the proximal side of the handle portion; The unidirectional rotating component has a mounting hole, one end of the retracting shaft is located in the mounting hole and rotates synchronously with the unidirectional rotating component, and the retracting shaft moves left and right along the central axis in the mounting hole; the retracting shaft is connected to the intermediate brake component and the two rotate synchronously. The retraction shaft moves to the right along the central axis, and the far side of the retraction shaft is connected to the output gear of the power assembly, while the intermediate brake disconnects the output gear from the transmission unit.

8. The surgical stapler according to claim 7, characterized in that: The transmission unit includes an input gear, an intermediate gear, a rotating shaft, and a second pressure spring; the intermediate braking component includes a disengagement slider and a push slider. The input gear is connected to the power unit, the intermediate gear meshes with the input gear and the output gear, the intermediate gear passes through the rotating shaft, one end of the rotating shaft is connected to the first housing of the handle, the disengagement slider is sleeved on the other end of the rotating shaft, the second pressure spring is located between the intermediate gear and the first housing, the intermediate gear contacts the lower surface of the disengagement slider; the upper surface of the disengagement slider is provided with a first upper plane and an upper inclined plane; The push slider is provided with a through hole, the retraction shaft passes through the through hole, and the lower surface of the push slider is provided with a lower inclined surface and a second lower plane. When the output gear is connected to the transmission unit, the lower inclined surface contacts the first upper plane; as the return shaft moves to the right along the central axis, the second lower plane contacts the upper inclined surface.

9. The surgical stapler according to claim 8, characterized in that: The unidirectional rotating component includes a ratchet wheel, a ratchet gear, a locking slide rail, a rotating slider, and a return shaft pin. The ratchet wheel is rotatably connected to the handle portion. The inner wall of the ratchet wheel is provided with at least one-way ratchet, and the outer wall of the ratchet gear is provided with teeth that mesh with the one-way ratchet. The proximal side of the locking slide rail is connected to the ratchet gear. The locking slide rail is provided with a cylindrical central hole inside. A track is provided on the proximal side of the central hole. The outer wall of the proximal side of the rotating slider is provided with a protrusion that forms a sliding pair with the track. The proximal side of the return shaft is connected to the distal side of the rotating slider, and the distal side of the return shaft pin is connected to the proximal side of the rotating slider.

10. The surgical stapler according to claim 9, characterized in that: The center hole of the positioning slide rail is provided with an annular protrusion on the far side; The outer wall of the distal side of the rotating slider is provided with an annular groove. As the retraction shaft moves to the right along the central axis, the annular protrusion is engaged in the annular groove.

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