A method for horizontal transportation and installation of offshore wind power jacket

Abstract

The application provides a method for horizontally transporting and installing a jacket, comprising the following steps: S1, anchoring a crane ship in place; S2, anchoring a jacket transport ship in place; S3, installing a positioning system and a sling; S4, cutting a limiting tool on the jacket and the jacket transport ship; S5, lifting the jacket by the crane ship, and turning the jacket on the water surface to be vertical; and S6, installing the jacket on a steel pipe pile in the water. When the sling is installed, the operation platform is cancelled, personnel do not need to hang the sling on the platform, the efficiency is ensured, and the safety is ensured. The whole construction process is simplified, the construction safety risk is reduced, the engineering quality is ensured, and the construction efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of offshore wind power technology, and specifically to a method for horizontal transportation and installation of offshore wind turbine jackets. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, offshore wind power has been developing rapidly, and various types of wind power foundations have been designed according to the geological conditions of different sea areas.

[0003] There are two main methods for lifting and installing jacket structures: horizontal and vertical transport. Horizontal transport involves a complex lifting and turning process, requiring numerous lifting points and a large number of slings. Installation is difficult and time-consuming. Each time slings are lifted, a platform needs to be erected, and personnel must climb onto the platform to install the slings, making the operation complex and posing safety hazards. Vertical transport, on the other hand, requires less deck space on the transport vessel, has a simpler lifting process, uses fewer slings, and is easier to install. However, due to numerous bridges along the route from the jacket production site (e.g., Jiangsu) to the construction site (e.g., Guangdong), with corresponding height restrictions, horizontal transport is the only viable option. Therefore, it is necessary to overcome the shortcomings of traditional horizontal transport methods. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology, the purpose of this invention is to provide a horizontal transportation and installation method for offshore wind power jackets that is simple to operate and has higher safety, which can solve the problems of difficult installation and construction of horizontal jackets in deep sea, high requirements for installation and positioning, low construction efficiency and poor construction accuracy.

[0005] To solve the above problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0006] A method for horizontal transport and installation of a jacketing stent includes the following steps:

[0007] S1. The crane vessel anchors and takes its position.

[0008] S2, the jacket transport vessel anchors and moves into position;

[0009] S3. Workers and equipment arrive at the jacket transport vessel to prepare for pre-lifting work, including the installation of the positioning system and slings; Positioning system installation: Workers climb to the top of the jacket using ladders for installation; Sling installation: The top lifting point slings of the jacket are installed using the sling hooks of the crane vessel to lift the cage. Workers work inside the cage to attach the slings to the lifting points with the help of the crane. When installing the slings at the lifting points of the jacket legs, rigid pipes are used to spread them out to facilitate the fitting onto the lifting lugs at the upper leg lifting points of the jacket, and the slings are installed with the help of the crane.

[0010] S4: Perform the limiting cut of the guide frame, that is, cut the guide frame and the limiting fixture on the guide frame transport ship;

[0011] S5: The crane vessel lifts the jacket structure and flips it upright on the water surface;

[0012] S6: The crane vessel installs the jacket onto the steel pipe piles in the water.

[0013] The specific method for installing the lifting sling at the leg lifting point of the guide frame in S3 is as follows: First, bend the lifting sling into an open ring, then place a section of PVC pipe inside the ring. The length of the PVC pipe is greater than the outer diameter of the lifting lug at the upper leg lifting point of the guide frame. The two ends of the PVC pipe abut against the inner walls of the ring on both sides of the lifting sling, thereby opening the ring-shaped lifting sling and making the lifting sling a closed ring with a fixed inner diameter. At the same time, the PVC pipe is connected to the guy rope. Position the PVC pipe above the lifting lug and fit the closed ring over the lifting lug. Then, apply slight force with the crane and break the PVC pipe through the guy rope to prevent the lifting sling from coming out of the lifting lug.

[0014] The following step after S6 is S7: After the jacket is installed in place, the diver goes underwater to inspect the jacket, confirming that each pile leg is in the pile hole and that the jacket pad is tightly fitted to the top of the pile foundation, without any large gaps.

[0015] S7 is followed by: S8: After confirming that each leg of the jacket has entered the pile hole and that the jacket pad has been tightly fitted to the top of the pile foundation, the diver emerges from the water, and the workers climb to the top of the jacket via the gangway of the crane boat to carry out the finishing work. The workers use a total station to measure the flatness and elevation of the flange. After confirming that it meets the acceptance standards, the positioning system is dismantled, the lifting slings are removed, and the warning lights are installed.

[0016] The lifting of the jacket structure described in S5 includes: At the start of lifting, the crane tonnage is slowly increased. The crane operator monitors the tonnage changes of the crane on the crane vessel and reports any problems to the lifting commander immediately. Lifting continues slowly only after confirming there are no issues. After lifting, the jacket structure is raised to a certain height to ensure it does not collide with components on the ship. The crane vessel then slowly anchors and moves the vessel to lift the jacket structure off the transport ship. The anchor boat then anchors the transport ship to allow it to leave the construction site. When turning the jacket structure over, attention must be paid to the height of the crane vessel's fore and aft hooks. The double main hooks connecting the head of the jacket structure are slowly raised, and the double main hooks connecting the lower part of the jacket structure are slowly lowered, allowing the jacket structure to complete the turning action on the water surface.

[0017] In S1, the anchoring and positioning of the crane vessel and transport vessel includes: when designing the working anchor position, taking into account whether there are any obstacles in the construction area such as aquaculture areas, no-anchoring areas, submarine cables, etc. that would hinder construction, and taking care to avoid them when positioning the vessel; and importing the coordinates of the designed anchor position into the positioning system, so that the anchor boat anchors according to the designed anchor position to assist the crane vessel in completing the positioning at the machine position.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0019] When installing lifting slings, the work platform was eliminated, so personnel do not need to go up to the platform to hang the slings, ensuring both efficiency and safety.

[0020] The entire construction process has streamlined the construction procedure, reduced construction safety risks, ensured project quality, and improved construction efficiency.

[0021] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a diagram showing the ship's position arrangement according to the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 This is the ship positioning diagram of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a diagram showing the lifting of the catheter holder according to the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a diagram of the catheter holder being turned over according to the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a diagram of the catheter holder installation according to the present invention;

[0027] Figure 6 This is a diagram showing the completed installation of the catheter holder according to the present invention;

[0028] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle of the method of attaching the sling to the lifting lug of the guide frame according to the present invention.

[0029] Explanation of icon numbers:

[0030] 1: Crane vessel; 2: Transport vessel; 3: Anchor rope; 4: Jacket frame; 5: Lifting slings; 6: Steel pipe pile;

[0031] 7: Open ring; 8: PVC pipe; 9: Lifting lug Detailed Implementation

[0032] This embodiment provides a horizontal transportation and installation method for offshore wind turbine jackets, including several key steps such as slings, rigging, jacket positioning and installation, and jacket installation confirmation.

[0033] The jacket structure transported in this embodiment weighs 950t and is transported horizontally. Generally, two horizontal jacket structures are transported by a transport ship, and limiting fixtures are welded on the ship to ensure the safety of the jacket structure during transportation.

[0034] The horizontal transport and installation method for jacket supports includes the following steps:

[0035] Step 1: Crane vessel 1 is positioned and anchored at the machine site, with three anchors forward and three aft, and an anchor length of 700-800m. Positioning crane vessel 1 at the machine site includes: considering the presence of aquaculture areas, no-anchoring zones, submarine cables, or other obstacles that may hinder construction in the designed anchor position, and carefully avoiding these obstacles during vessel positioning; and importing the designed anchor coordinates into the positioning system, with the anchor boat anchoring according to the designed anchor position to assist crane vessel 1 in completing its positioning at the machine site.

[0036] Step 2: As Figure 2 As shown, after the crane vessel 1 anchors, the jacket transport vessel 2 moves into position, anchors, with two anchors at the front and two at the rear, with an anchor length of 400m.

[0037] Step 3: After the jacket foundation transport vessel 2 is anchored and positioned, personnel and equipment are transferred to the jacket foundation transport vessel via a transport ship to begin pre-lifting work: Surveyors reach the upper part of the jacket foundation flange via a cage to install the positioning system and slings 5. Specifically, the cage can be lifted using the sling hooks on the crane vessel 1, and personnel stand inside the cage to assist the crane in attaching the slings 5 ​​at the lifting points. Due to the large size of the shackles, their installation is difficult; therefore, they can be installed at the factory before delivery. For the upper leg lifting points of the jacket foundation 4, PVC pipes 8 can be used to prop them open, and the slings 5 ​​can be installed in conjunction with the crane. Compared to the traditional method of personnel installing slings from a small platform, this significantly reduces safety risks and increases installation efficiency. Specifically, as shown... Figure 7 As shown, the lifting sling 5 is a polymer sling, characterized by its soft texture and high tensile strength. First, the lifting sling 5 is bent into an open ring 7. Then, a section of PVC pipe 8 is placed inside the open ring 7. The length of the PVC pipe 8 is greater than the outer diameter of the lifting lug 9 at the upper leg lifting point of the guide frame 4. Both ends of the PVC pipe 8 abut against the inner walls of the two sides of the open ring 7, thereby opening the ring-shaped lifting sling 5 and making it a closed ring with a fixed inner diameter. Simultaneously, the PVC pipe 8 is connected to the guy rope. The PVC pipe 8 is positioned above the lifting lug 9, and the closed ring is fitted over the lifting lug 9. Then, the crane applies slight force, using the guy rope to break the PVC pipe 8, thus preventing the lifting sling 5 from detaching from the lifting lug 9.

[0038] Step 4: After installing sling 5, begin the limiting cut of jacket frame 4, which involves cutting between jacket frame 4 and the limiting fixture. If sea conditions are favorable, the limiting cut can be performed simultaneously with the installation of sling 5. Oxygen-propane flame cutting is used for the limiting cut. Workers at height must wear safety harnesses. The limiting cut must be complete. After cutting, management personnel must inspect the work to prevent incomplete cutting that could leave the limiting fixture on jacket frame 4 still adhered, posing a lifting risk.

[0039] Step 5: After the lifting points are installed and the limit switches are cut, transport ship 2 will coordinate with crane ship 1 to lift jacket structure 4. Pre-lifting checks will be performed: check the ballast on both ships, the condition of the crane wire ropes, confirm the limit switches are completely cut, and confirm there are no unforeseen adverse sea conditions. Then, lifting of jacket structure 4 will begin. Figure 3 As shown. When starting the lifting operation, the crane tonnage needs to be increased slowly. The crane operator should pay close attention to changes in the crane's tonnage on the crane vessel. If any problems arise, report them to the crane commander immediately. Lifting should only proceed slowly after confirming there are no issues. After lifting to a certain height to ensure the moving jacket structure does not collide with components on the ship, the crane vessel should slowly wrench anchor to move the vessel's position, lifting the jacket structure 4 away from the transport ship 2. The anchor boat then anchors the transport ship 2 to allow it to leave the construction site. When turning the jacket structure 4 over, pay attention to the height of the crane vessel's fore and aft hooks. Slowly raise the double main hooks connecting the head of the jacket structure and slowly lower the double main hooks connecting the lower part of the jacket structure, allowing the jacket structure to complete the turning action on the water surface.

[0040] Step 6: After the jacket 4 is turned over, the crane vessel 1 adjusts its position by using a winch, based on the real-time position of the jacket 4 displayed by the positioning system and the planar and vertical distances between the jacket 4 and the machine position reflected in the measurement text. The winch process should be carried out slowly. After the jacket 4 is positioned and aligned and the change is not significant, the jacket 4 is lowered. During the process, the position of the crane vessel is adjusted by using a winch. During the lowering process, the position of the jacket 4 is adjusted according to the changes in the jacket 4 as indicated by the positioning system. After confirming that the jacket leg is lower than the top of the pile, the jacket is confirmed to be installed in place without significant tilting.

[0041] Step 7: After the jacket 4 is installed in place, arrange for divers to go underwater to inspect the jacket, confirming that each pile leg is in the pile hole and that the jacket pads are tightly fitted to the top of the pile foundation without any large gaps.

[0042] Step 8: After confirming that all legs of the jacket foundation are inserted into the pile holes and that the jacket foundation pads are tightly fitted to the top of the pile foundation, the divers emerge from the water, and surveyors and construction workers ascend to the top of the jacket foundation via the crane boat's gangway to complete the finishing work. Surveyors use a total station to measure the flange flatness and elevation. After confirming that it meets the acceptance standards, the positioning system is dismantled, and construction workers remove the lifting slings and install warning lights.

[0043] After the finishing work is completed, the personnel return to the ship, the crane ship weighs anchor and leaves the machine position to carry out the installation of the jacket frame at the next machine position.

[0044] The above steps are the main steps of this invention. In actual construction, more detailed instructions need to be prepared according to the actual situation. Before the overall hoisting, it is necessary to arrange for a special person to check the hoisting slings, limit cutting, etc., to ensure that the preparation measures are in place before the overall hoisting is carried out. It is also recommended to arrange for a special person to check and a special person to stand by.

[0045] This invention employs a novel cable-hanging method, significantly reducing the risks associated with high-altitude cable-hanging for workers on traditional small platforms. The jacket installation process utilizes a high-precision positioning system and is assisted by divers, greatly improving the efficiency of jacket installation. Its main features are:

[0046] The PVC pipes used to support the slings and cables at the legs of the guide frame are used in conjunction with a crane for sling installation. This method is safer and more efficient than the traditional method of using a small platform for personnel to hang cables at height.

[0047] The jacket installation uses a high-precision positioning system with an error of centimeter level, which greatly improves the speed of jacket installation.

[0048] Divers cooperated with the installation and confirmation checks of the jacket structure to ensure that it was installed in place.

[0049] This invention is applicable to the field of bridge construction, primarily to the prefabricated assembly construction of entire bridges. This invention can solve problems existing in prefabricated bridge construction, such as difficulties in pipe pile construction, limited access road space, high construction schedule requirements, and stringent installation and positioning requirements.

[0050] The above embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. Any non-substantial changes and substitutions made by those skilled in the art based on the present invention shall fall within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for horizontal transportation and installation of a jacketed structure, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. The crane vessel anchors and takes its position. S2, the jacket transport vessel anchors and moves into position; S3. Workers and equipment arrive at the jacket transport vessel to prepare for pre-lifting work, including the installation of the positioning system and slings; Positioning system installation: Workers climb to the top of the jacket using ladders for installation; Sling installation: When installing the slings at the top lifting points of the jacket, the lifting cage is lifted using the sling hooks of the crane vessel, and workers work inside the cage to attach the slings at the lifting points with the help of the crane; When installing the slings at the lifting points of the jacket legs, rigid pipes are used to spread them out to facilitate their placement on the lifting lugs at the upper leg lifting points of the jacket, and the slings are installed with the help of the crane. S4: Perform the limiting cut of the guide frame, that is, cut the guide frame and the limiting fixture on the guide frame transport ship; S5: The crane vessel lifts the jacket structure and flips it upright on the water surface; S6: The crane vessel installs the jacket onto the steel pipe piles in the water; The specific method for installing the lifting sling at the leg lifting point of the guide frame in S3 is as follows: First, bend the lifting sling into an open ring, then place a section of PVC pipe inside the ring. The length of the PVC pipe is greater than the outer diameter of the lifting lug at the upper leg lifting point of the guide frame. The two ends of the PVC pipe abut against the inner walls of the ring on both sides of the lifting sling, thereby opening the ring-shaped lifting sling and making the lifting sling a closed ring with a fixed inner diameter. At the same time, the PVC pipe is connected to the guy rope. Position the PVC pipe above the lifting lug and fit the closed ring over the lifting lug. Then, apply slight force with the crane and break the PVC pipe through the guy rope to prevent the lifting sling from coming out of the lifting lug.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, S6 specifically includes: after the jacket structure is turned over, the crane vessel adjusts its position by using a winch based on the real-time position of the jacket structure displayed by the positioning system and the planar and vertical distances between the jacket structure and the machine position reflected in the measurement text. After the jacket structure is positioned and aligned and the change is not significant, the jacket structure is lowered and the position of the crane vessel is adjusted by using a winch during the process. During the lowering process, the height of the jacket structure changes according to the positioning system. After confirming that the jacket structure legs are lower than the top of the pile, the jacket structure is confirmed to be installed in place without significant tilting.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, Following S6, S7 is also included: After the jacket is installed in place, divers go underwater to inspect the jacket, confirming whether each pile leg has entered the pile hole and whether the jacket pad is tightly fitted to the top of the pile foundation, and whether there are any large gaps.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, S7 is followed by: S8: After confirming that each leg of the jacket has entered the pile hole and that the jacket pad has been tightly fitted to the top of the pile foundation, the diver emerges from the water, and the workers climb to the top of the jacket via the gangway of the crane boat to carry out the finishing work. The workers use a total station to measure the flatness and elevation of the flange. After confirming that it meets the acceptance standards, the positioning system is dismantled, the lifting slings are removed, and the warning lights are installed.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lifting of the jacket structure described in S5 includes: at the start of lifting, the crane tonnage is slowly increased, and the crane operator pays attention to the tonnage changes of the crane on the crane vessel. If there is any problem, the crane operator should report it to the crane commander in a timely manner. After confirming that there is no problem, the lifting can proceed slowly. After lifting, the jacket structure is raised to a certain height to ensure that it does not collide with the components on the ship. Then, the crane vessel slowly moves the ship position by augering the anchor, and the anchor boat then anchors the transport ship to allow it to leave the construction site. When the jacket structure is turned over, attention should be paid to the height of the front and rear hooks of the crane vessel. The double main hooks connecting the head of the jacket structure are slowly raised, and the double main hooks connecting the lower part of the jacket structure are slowly lowered to allow the jacket structure to complete the turning action on the water surface.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In S1, the anchoring and positioning of the crane vessel and transport vessel includes: taking into account whether there are any obstacles in the construction area that would hinder construction when designing the working anchor position, and avoiding them when positioning the vessel; and importing the coordinates of the designed anchor position into the positioning system, with the anchor boat anchoring according to the designed anchor position to assist the crane vessel in completing the positioning at the machine position.

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