A feeding device with protective function and a protective feeding method thereof

Abstract

This invention provides a protective feeding device and its protective feeding method, belonging to the field of NdFeB waste recycling. The feeding device includes a feeding shell, a feeding bin, and a pushing device. At least one pair of guide grooves are provided on both side walls of the feeding shell. A movable baffle is installed in each of the guide grooves, moving relative to the baffle. The movable baffle has a groove at its end facing the bottom of the feeding shell to avoid a spiral shaft. When the spiral shaft stops rotating and the movable baffle descends to a predetermined position, it contacts the NdFeB waste remaining on the spiral shaft and inside the feeding shell, forming a mutually isolated conveying zone and a discharging zone. Water is injected into the conveying zone through a water inlet to water-seal the NdFeB waste within the conveying zone. This invention meets the requirements for continuous feeding production in the NdFeB waste roasting system and prevents spontaneous combustion of the NdFeB waste remaining in the feeding shell during the feeding stop process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of neodymium iron boron waste recycling, specifically relating to a feeding device with protective function and its protective feeding method. Background Technology

[0002] In the recycling of NdFeB waste, a roasting process is required. The purpose of roasting is to oxidize the iron and rare earth elements in the NdFeB waste into Fe2O3 and rare earth oxides, reducing iron leaching in subsequent leaching processes. To control the formation of Fe2O3 from the iron in the NdFeB waste, the roasting process requires the temperature generated by the combustion of the NdFeB waste in the roasting furnace to be between 600℃ and 800℃. To control the oxidation temperature of the NdFeB waste in the roasting furnace, it is necessary to control the oil sludge ratio and the feeding rate of the NdFeB waste.

[0003] In existing technologies, to control the sludge ratio and feeding rate in NdFeB waste, a uniform calcination feeding device is typically used, such as the rare earth waste uniform calcination feeding device disclosed in patent announcement number CN 203771982 U. Figure 1 As shown, NdFeB waste enters the feeding shell 10 from the feeding hopper 20. The speed-regulating motor 31 drives the screw shaft 32 to rotate, transporting the raw material to the discharge port 11. The NdFeB waste then enters the roasting furnace for combustion and oxidation. When the temperature is below 600℃, the temperature control device sends a signal to increase the speed of the speed-regulating motor; when the temperature is above 800℃, the temperature control device sends a signal to decrease the speed of the speed-regulating motor 31. During normal continuous production, continuous feeding is achieved by rotating the screw shaft 32. The NdFeB waste has a short residence time in the feeding device, and even if oxidation occurs, it is not easy to reach the level of combustion and ignition. However, after production stops or feeding is suspended, due to the high density of NdFeB waste, it becomes viscous and heavy after being soaked in water. Some NdFeB waste will inevitably remain in the feeding shell 10 for a longer period of time, which can easily ignite and endanger the safety of the materials in the feeding hopper 20, or even cause a fire.

[0004] Therefore, it is particularly important to address the spontaneous combustion phenomenon that can easily occur in the neodymium iron boron waste left in the feed shell of existing rare earth waste roasting uniform feeding devices after production stops or feeding is suspended. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a feeding device with protective functions and a protective feeding method thereof. This device not only meets the requirements for continuous feeding production in the NdFeB waste roasting system, but also prevents spontaneous combustion of NdFeB waste remaining in the feeding shell during the feeding stop process.

[0006] In a first aspect, this application provides a feeding device with protective functions for feeding operations during the roasting of NdFeB waste; it includes:

[0007] The feed housing has a discharge port; the discharge port is located at the bottom end of the feed housing.

[0008] A feeding hopper is located at the upper end of the feeding housing and is in communication with the feeding housing; the feeding hopper is located away from the discharge port;

[0009] The feeding device includes a speed-regulating motor and at least one spiral shaft connected to the output end of the speed-regulating motor. The spiral shaft rotates relative to the feeding housing to push the NdFeB waste material entering the feeding housing from the feeding bin to the discharge port and into the calcining furnace. At least one pair of guide grooves are provided on the two side walls of the feeding housing along the direction perpendicular to the feeding direction of the NdFeB waste material. The pair of guide grooves are provided with movable baffles that move relative to them to divide the inner cavity of the feeding housing into at least a conveying area and a discharge area.

[0010] The movable baffle has a groove at one end facing the bottom of the feeding housing to avoid the spiral shaft, so that when the spiral shaft stops rotating and the movable baffle moves down to a predetermined position, the movable baffle contacts the NdFeB waste material left on the spiral shaft and inside the feeding housing to form a mutually isolated conveying area and a discharging area; a water inlet is provided on the feeding housing corresponding to the conveying area, and water is injected into the conveying area through the water inlet to water seal the NdFeB waste material in the conveying area.

[0011] Compared to existing technologies, the advantages of this invention are as follows: Based on a feeding device for continuous feeding of NdFeB waste, a pair of guide grooves are provided on the side wall of the feeding housing, and a movable baffle that moves relative to the guide groove is provided within the guide groove. A groove is formed at the end of the movable baffle facing the bottom of the feeding housing to avoid the spiral shaft. When the spiral shaft stops rotating, it descends to a predetermined position via the movable baffle, where the movable baffle contacts the NdFeB waste remaining on the spiral shaft, and the movable baffle... The NdFeB waste material remaining in the feeding shell comes into contact with each other to form mutually isolated conveying and unloading zones. Water is then injected into the water inlet on the feeding shell to achieve a water seal on the NdFeB waste material in the conveying zone, thus isolating the NdFeB waste material in the conveying zone from air and ensuring that the surface of the NdFeB waste material is moistened. This can meet the requirements of continuous feeding production of the NdFeB waste calcination system, and at the same time, it can prevent the spontaneous combustion of the NdFeB waste material remaining in the feeding shell during the feeding stop process.

[0012] Preferably, the portion of the spiral shaft corresponding to the discharge port position has an optical axis structure.

[0013] Preferably, the upper end of the feed housing is hinged with a top cover, and the top cover has a clearance hole corresponding to the position of the guide groove to avoid the insertion of the movable baffle.

[0014] Preferably, the end of the movable baffle facing the bottom of the feed housing has a tapered structure to form an insert cutting edge.

[0015] Preferably, the guide grooves are in pairs; the two movable baffles are arranged in parallel and divide the inner cavity of the feeding housing into a feeding area, a conveying area and a discharging area arranged sequentially along the feeding direction of the NdFeB waste, and water passage holes are provided on the movable baffles between the feeding area and the conveying area.

[0016] Preferably, the guide groove protrudes from the upper surface of the feed housing.

[0017] Preferably, the feeding device further includes a controller, a trigger, and a water pump. The trigger is electrically connected to the speed-regulating motor, and the controller is electrically connected to both the trigger and the water pump.

[0018] Preferably, the feeding device further includes a water seal power assembly, which includes a cylinder mounted above the feeding housing, a force equalizing frame mounted on the output shaft of the cylinder, and a movable baffle mounted on the force equalizing frame; the movable baffle is driven by the cylinder to move up and down along the guide groove.

[0019] Preferably, the feeding device further includes a controller, a trigger, and a water pump. The trigger is electrically connected to the speed-regulating motor, and the controller is electrically connected to the trigger, the cylinder, and the water pump.

[0020] Secondly, the application also provides a protective feeding method, employing the feeding device as described in the first aspect; the protective feeding method includes the following steps:

[0021] When the speed-regulating motor is in a stopped state, the screw shaft connected to the speed-regulating motor stops rotating, thus stopping the feeding process.

[0022] Under the action of external force, all movable baffles move down to the preset position along the guide grooves they are provided with, so that the lower section of the movable baffle is inserted into the NdFeB waste material left in the feed housing, and its groove is inserted into the NdFeB waste material left in the screw shaft, so that the inner cavity of the feed housing is at least divided into a conveying area and a discharging area that are isolated from each other.

[0023] Water is injected into the conveying area through the inlet to create a water seal for the NdFeB waste material within the conveying area;

[0024] When the speed-regulating motor is in the starting state, all the movable baffles move upward to the preset position under the guidance of their corresponding guide grooves under the action of external force, and the water used for water sealing enters the roasting furnace with the rotation of the spiral shaft.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: When the spiral shaft stops rotating, it descends to a predetermined position through the movable baffle. The movable baffle contacts the NdFeB waste material left on the spiral shaft and the NdFeB waste material left in the feeding shell, so as to form mutually isolated conveying and unloading areas. Then, by injecting water into the water inlet provided on the feeding shell, water seal is achieved on the NdFeB waste material in the conveying area, so that the NdFeB waste material in the conveying area is isolated from air and the surface of the NdFeB waste material is moistened. This can meet the continuous feeding production requirements of the NdFeB waste roasting system, and can prevent the spontaneous combustion phenomenon of the NdFeB waste material left in the feeding shell during the feeding stop process. Attached Figure Description

[0026] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a uniform feeding device for rare earth waste roasting in the prior art.

[0028] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the feeding device with protective function provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the feeding device with protective function provided in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the feeding device with protective function provided in Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the feeding device with protective function provided in Embodiment 4 of the present invention.

[0032] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0033] 10-Feed housing, 11-Discharge port, 12-Guide groove, 13-Modible baffle, 131-Water passage hole, 14-Feeding area, 15-Conveying area, 151-Water inlet, 16-Discharge area;

[0034] 20 - Feed hopper;

[0035] 30 - Feeding device, 31 - Speed ​​regulating motor, 32 - Screw shaft;

[0036] 40 - Controller;

[0037] 50-Flip-flop;

[0038] 60 - Water pump;

[0039] 70-Water-sealed power assembly, 71-Cylinder, 72-Force equalizing frame. Detailed Implementation

[0040] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain embodiments of the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0041] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention.

[0042] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of embodiments of the present invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0043] In the embodiments of the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of the present invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0044] Example 1

[0045] like Figure 2As shown, this embodiment provides a feeding device with protective function, which is applied to a NdFeB waste roasting system for feeding NdFeB waste during roasting. The feeding device includes a feeding shell 10, a feeding bin 20, and a pushing device 30. Specifically, the feeding bin 20 is installed at the upper end of the feeding shell 10 and communicates with the cavity of the feeding shell 10. To minimize the spontaneous combustion of the NdFeB waste, the NdFeB waste is pre-soaked in water and then enters the feeding bin 20 through a gripping device, before falling into the feeding shell 10 under its own weight.

[0046] Furthermore, the feeding device 30 is arranged along the length of the feeding housing 10. The feeding device 30 includes a speed-regulating motor 31 and a spiral shaft 32 located at the output end of the speed-regulating motor 31. The two ends of the spiral shaft 32 are rotatably mounted on opposite ends of the feeding housing 10 via bearings. The speed-regulating motor 31 is located at one end of the feeding housing 10 away from the feeding bin 20, and the feeding direction of the spiral shaft 32 faces the end of the speed-regulating motor 31. A discharge port 11 is provided at the bottom of the feeding housing 10 near the end of the speed-regulating motor 31. It should be noted that in other embodiments, the number of spiral shafts is not limited to one and can be adjusted according to different production conditions. In this embodiment, the NdFeB waste entering the feeding hopper 20 falls into the feeding housing 10 under its own weight. The speed-regulating motor 31 drives the spiral shaft 32 to rotate, transporting the NdFeB waste into the feeding housing 10 to one end of the discharge port 11. From there, the waste continuously falls into the NdFeB waste roasting system, achieving continuous feeding for the NdFeB waste roasting system. Preferably, to facilitate the falling of NdFeB waste above the discharge port 11, the portion of the spiral shaft 32 corresponding to the discharge port 11 has a smooth axis structure. The NdFeB waste is pushed by the spiral shaft 32 into a portion of the smooth axis structure, facilitating its fall.

[0047] Furthermore, the feeding housing 10 has a pair of corresponding guide grooves 12 on both side walls along the direction perpendicular to the NdFeB waste feeding direction. Movable baffles 13, which move relative to the guide grooves 12, are provided within the corresponding guide grooves 12 to divide the inner cavity of the feeding housing 10 into a conveying area 15 and a discharging area 16. The movable baffle 13 has a groove at one end facing the bottom of the feeding housing 10 to avoid the spiral shaft 32, and a water inlet 151 is provided on the feeding housing 10 corresponding to the conveying area 15.

[0048] The working mechanism of the protective feeding method in this embodiment is as follows: When feeding is stopped or paused, the speed-regulating motor stops driving, and the screw shaft stops rotating. At this time, NdFeB waste remains on the screw shaft and inside the feeding housing. The movable baffle can be manually inserted into the feeding housing along the guide groove. Of course, in order to facilitate the insertion of the movable baffle into the NdFeB waste inside the feeding housing, the end of the movable baffle facing the bottom of the feeding housing has a conical structure to form an insertion cutting edge. When force is applied to the movable baffle, causing it to descend to a predetermined position, the movable baffle comes into contact with the NdFeB waste remaining on the screw shaft and inside the feeding housing. Due to the NdFeB... The high density of boron waste allows the movable baffle to contact the NdFeB waste deposited in the feed shell, blocking water flow. Similarly, the groove, after avoiding the spiral shaft, contacts the NdFeB waste remaining there, further blocking water flow. This creates isolated conveying and unloading zones. Water is injected into the conveying zone through the inlet, sealing the NdFeB waste within. This isolates the waste from air and ensures surface humidification, meeting the requirements for continuous feeding in the NdFeB waste roasting system. Furthermore, it prevents spontaneous combustion of the NdFeB waste remaining in the feed shell during feeding stoppage. When the speed-regulating motor is in the starting state, all the movable baffles move upward to the preset position under the guidance of their corresponding guide grooves under the action of external force. At this time, the feeding shell does not distinguish between the feeding area, the conveying area and the unloading area. The water used for water sealing in the conveying area and the unloading area enters the unloading area with the rotation of the screw shaft and then enters the roasting furnace through the discharge port.

[0049] Furthermore, to improve the safety of the feeding device, a top cover can be hinged to the upper end of the feeding housing. To facilitate the insertion of the movable baffle 13, a clearance hole is provided on the top cover at the position corresponding to the guide groove 12 to avoid the insertion of the movable baffle 13; the movable baffle 13 can be inserted and removed without opening the top cover.

[0050] Of course, in order to improve the ease of inserting the movable baffle 13, in other embodiments, the guide groove 12 is provided to protrude from the upper surface of the feed housing 10.

[0051] Example 2

[0052] like Figure 3As shown, the difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that: the feeding housing 10 has two pairs of corresponding guide grooves on its two side walls along the direction perpendicular to the NdFeB waste feeding direction, and each pair of guide grooves 12 has a movable baffle 13 that moves relative to it. Specifically, the two movable baffles 13 are arranged in parallel and divide the inner cavity of the feeding housing 10 into a feeding area 14, a conveying area 15, and a discharging area 16 arranged sequentially along the NdFeB waste feeding direction, and a water passage hole 131 is opened on the movable baffle 13 between the feeding area 14 and the conveying area 15. In this embodiment, the movable baffle 13 between the feeding area 14 and the conveying area 15 can prevent the NdFeB waste in the feeding area 14 from entering the conveying area 15 during the process of stopping or pausing feeding, thereby isolating the NdFeB waste in the feeding area 14 and the conveying area 15 to prevent the NdFeB waste in the two areas from affecting each other. Of course, it should be noted that in order to achieve water exchange between the feeding area and the conveying area, other embodiments may not require opening water passage holes on the corresponding movable baffle. In other embodiments, the height of the movable baffle between the feeding area and the conveying area may be designed to be lower than the height of the feeding shell, so that the water in the conveying area can overflow the movable baffle and enter the feeding area.

[0053] The working mechanism of this embodiment is as follows: When feeding is stopped or paused, the speed-regulating motor stops driving, and the screw shaft stops rotating. At this time, NdFeB waste remains on the screw shaft and inside the feeding housing. Two movable baffles can be manually inserted into the feeding housing along the corresponding guide grooves. When force is applied to the two movable baffles, causing them to descend to a predetermined position, the movable baffles come into contact with the NdFeB waste remaining on the screw shaft and inside the feeding housing. Due to the high density of the NdFeB waste, the contact between the two movable baffles and the NdFeB waste deposited inside the feeding housing can block water flow, and the grooves avoid contact with the NdFeB waste remaining on the screw shaft. It can block water flow, thus forming mutually isolated feeding, conveying, and unloading zones; water is injected into the conveying zone through the water inlet to water-seal the NdFeB waste in the conveying zone; and water passage holes are opened on the movable baffle located between the feeding and conveying zones, so that water from the conveying zone can enter the feeding zone through the water passage holes, thereby water-sealing the NdFeB waste in the feeding zone, so that the NdFeB waste in the feeding zone is also isolated from air, and the surface of the NdFeB waste is kept moist. This can meet the continuous feeding production requirements of the NdFeB waste roasting system, and can also prevent the spontaneous combustion of NdFeB waste left in the feeding shell during the feeding stop process.

[0054] Example 3

[0055] like Figure 4As shown, the difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 2 is that the feeding device further includes a controller 40, a trigger 50, and a water pump 60. The trigger 50 is electrically connected to the speed-regulating motor 31, and the controller 40 is electrically connected to the trigger 50, the water pump 60, and the speed-regulating motor 31. In practice, by setting up a controller, a trigger, and a water pump, the trigger can automatically sense the start and stop of the speed-regulating motor. When the trigger senses that the speed-regulating motor has stopped, it sends a production trigger signal to the controller, controlling the water pump to start and inject water into the conveying area and the feeding area through the water passage. When the trigger senses that the speed-regulating motor has started, it sends a production trigger signal to the controller, which controls the water pump to stop injecting water, thereby achieving automated water injection.

[0056] The working mechanism of this embodiment is as follows: When the trigger senses that the speed-regulating motor has stopped, the two movable baffles are inserted into the feeding housing along the corresponding guide grooves and descend to the predetermined position, thereby forming a mutually isolated feeding area, conveying area and unloading area; the controller controls the water pump to inject water into the conveying area through the water inlet to water seal the NdFeB waste in the conveying area; and the water in the conveying area will enter the feeding area through the water passage, thereby water sealing the NdFeB waste in the feeding area, so that the NdFeB waste in the feeding area is also isolated from air, and the surface of the NdFeB waste is moistened. This can meet the continuous feeding production requirements of the NdFeB waste roasting system, and can prevent the spontaneous combustion phenomenon of the NdFeB waste left in the feeding housing during the feeding stop process.

[0057] Example 4

[0058] like Figure 5As shown, the difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 2 is that the feeding device further includes a water-sealed power assembly 70, which includes a cylinder 71 and a force equalizing frame 72. Specifically, the cylinder 71 is mounted above the feeding housing 10, the force equalizing frame 72 is mounted on the output shaft of the cylinder 71, and the movable baffle 13 is mounted on the force equalizing frame 72. The cylinder 71 drives the force equalizing frame 72 to rise and fall, thereby enabling the movable baffle 13 to move up and down along the guide groove 12. Further, the feeding device also includes a controller 40, a trigger 50, and a water pump 60. The trigger 50 is electrically connected to the speed-regulating motor 31, and the controller 40 is electrically connected to the trigger 50, the cylinder 71, and the water pump 60. In practice, by setting up a controller, trigger, water pump, and water seal power assembly, the trigger can automatically sense the start and stop of the speed-regulating motor. When the trigger senses that the speed-regulating motor has stopped, it sends a production trigger signal to the controller, which controls the cylinder to drive the two movable baffles downward to the preset position. Then, it controls the water pump to start and inject water into the conveying and feeding areas through the water passage. When the trigger senses that the speed-regulating motor has started, it sends a production trigger signal to the controller, which controls the water pump to stop injecting water and controls the cylinder to drive the two movable baffles upward to the preset position. This achieves the coordinated automation of the movable baffles' lifting and lowering as well as the automation of water injection.

[0059] The working mechanism of the protective feeding method in this embodiment is as follows: When the trigger senses that the speed-regulating motor has stopped, the controller controls the cylinder to drive the force equalizing frame downward, causing the two movable baffles to move downward. After the two movable baffles move to the predetermined position, they come into contact with the NdFeB waste material left on the spiral shaft and inside the feeding shell. Due to the high density of the NdFeB waste material, the contact between the movable baffles and the NdFeB waste material deposited in the feeding shell can block the water flow. In addition, the contact between the groove and the NdFeB waste material left on the spiral shaft after the groove avoids the spiral shaft can also block the water flow, thereby forming a mutually isolated feeding area, conveying area and unloading area. After the two movable baffles descend to their predetermined positions, the controller controls the water pump to inject water into the conveying zone through the inlet, water-sealing the NdFeB waste in the conveying zone. Water passage holes are located on the movable baffles between the feeding and conveying zones, allowing water from the conveying zone to enter the feeding zone, thus water-sealing the NdFeB waste in the feeding zone. This ensures the NdFeB waste in the feeding zone is also isolated from air and that the surface of the NdFeB waste is moistened. This meets the requirements for continuous feeding production in the NdFeB waste roasting system and prevents spontaneous combustion of NdFeB waste remaining in the feeding shell during feeding stoppage. When the trigger senses the start of the speed-regulating motor, the controller controls the cylinder to drive the force-equalizing frame upwards, causing the two movable baffles to move upwards. At this time, the feeding shell no longer distinguishes between the feeding, conveying, and unloading zones. The water used for water sealing in the conveying and unloading zones enters the unloading zone with the rotation of the screw shaft and then enters the roasting furnace through the outlet.

[0060] Example 5

[0061] This embodiment provides a NdFeB waste roasting system, including a roasting furnace. Preferably, it also includes any one of the feeding devices from Embodiments 1, 2, 3, and 4. This feeding device can meet the continuous feeding production requirements of the NdFeB waste roasting system and prevent spontaneous combustion of residual NdFeB waste in the feeding shell during feeding shutdown, thereby improving the safety performance of the NdFeB waste roasting system.

[0062] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A feeding device with protective function for feeding operations during the roasting of NdFeB waste; It includes: The feed housing has a discharge port; the discharge port is located at the bottom end of the feed housing. A feeding hopper is located at the upper end of the feeding housing and is in communication with the feeding housing; the feeding hopper is located away from the discharge port; The feeding device includes a speed-regulating motor and at least one spiral shaft connected to the output end of the speed-regulating motor, and the spiral shaft rotates relative to the feeding housing to push the NdFeB waste material entering the feeding housing from the feeding bin to the discharge port and into the calcining furnace. A water-sealed power assembly includes a cylinder mounted above the feed housing and a force-equalizing frame mounted on the output shaft of the cylinder; characterized in that the feed housing has two corresponding guide grooves on its two side walls along the direction perpendicular to the NdFeB waste feed direction, and each of the two corresponding guide grooves has a movable baffle mounted on the force-equalizing frame that moves relative to it; the two movable baffles are arranged in parallel, and are driven by the cylinder to move up and down along the guide grooves, thereby dividing the inner cavity of the feed housing into a feed area, a conveying area, and a discharge area arranged sequentially along the NdFeB waste feed direction; and water passage holes are provided on the movable baffles between the feed area and the conveying area; The movable baffle has a tapered end facing the bottom of the feeding housing to form an insertion cutting edge. The movable baffle also has a groove at the bottom of the feeding housing to avoid the spiral shaft. This allows the movable baffle to descend and insert into the NdFeB waste material remaining in the feeding housing when the spiral shaft stops rotating. At this point, the movable baffle contacts the spiral shaft and the NdFeB waste material remaining in the feeding housing, forming mutually isolated conveying and unloading zones. A water inlet is provided on the feeding housing corresponding to the conveying zone, through which water is injected into the conveying zone to water-seal the NdFeB waste material within it.

2. The feeding device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The portion of the spiral shaft corresponding to the discharge port position has an optical axis structure.

3. The feeding device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper end of the feed housing is hinged to a top cover, and the top cover has a clearance hole corresponding to the position of the guide groove to avoid the insertion of the movable baffle.

4. The feeding device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The guide groove protrudes from the upper surface of the feed housing.

5. The feeding device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The feeding device further includes a controller, a trigger, and a water pump. The trigger is electrically connected to the speed-regulating motor, and the controller is electrically connected to the trigger, the cylinder, and the water pump.

6. A protective feeding method, characterized in that, The feeding device described in any one of claims 1 to 5 is used; the protective feeding method includes the following steps: When the speed-regulating motor is in a stopped state, the screw shaft connected to the speed-regulating motor stops rotating, thus stopping the feeding process. Under the action of external force, all movable baffles move down to the preset position along the guide grooves they are provided with, so that the lower section of the movable baffle is inserted into the NdFeB waste material left in the feed housing, and its groove is inserted into the NdFeB waste material left in the screw shaft, so that the inner cavity of the feed housing is at least divided into a conveying area and a discharging area that are isolated from each other. Water is injected into the conveying area through the inlet to create a water seal for the NdFeB waste material within the conveying area; When the speed-regulating motor is in the starting state, all the movable baffles move upward to the preset position under the guidance of their corresponding guide grooves under the action of external force, and the water used for water sealing enters the roasting furnace with the rotation of the spiral shaft.

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