Aircraft transmission vibration fault simulation tester

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of aerospace transmission and relates to a vibration fault simulation tester for aerospace transmission devices. The tester includes a drive motor, a drive-end diaphragm coupling, a movable support, an internal spline shaft, an external spline shaft, a gearbox transmission system, an output-end diaphragm coupling, a torque and speed sensor, a load motor, a lubrication system, a gearbox support frame, and sensors; multiple vibration displacement sensors are distributed in various locations to measure vibration displacement. This invention has the function of simulating faults in aero-engine accessory transmission devices, and can reproduce faults such as spline misalignment, gear misalignment, imbalance, gear / spline cracks or broken teeth in aerospace accessory transmission systems. It can also reproduce arbitrary coupled faults and has comprehensive online data monitoring capabilities. It offers multiple testing functions, convenient assembly and disassembly, and good fault reproduction results.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of aerospace transmission and relates to a vibration fault simulation tester for aircraft transmission devices. Background Technology

[0002] The aircraft engine is the heart of the aircraft, and the accessory transmission system is one of the key components of the aircraft engine. As a kinetic energy transmission and distribution device, it ensures the normal operation of the engine and the aircraft's starting system, fuel system, lubrication system, hydraulic system and other major accessories.

[0003] Due to the high speed, heavy load, and complex vibration and shock environment of engine accessory drive systems, various mechanical failures often occur, such as broken gears / splines, wear, excessive vibration, and bearing failure. Since the accessory drive system is actually mounted on the engine, conducting vibration fault diagnosis directly through engine testing and flight experiments is extremely costly and makes it difficult to simulate typical transmission system failures. Therefore, developing a dedicated vibration fault simulation tester for aircraft transmission systems to study vibration mechanisms and predict and diagnose vibration faults is crucial for guiding the design, manufacturing, operation, and maintenance of accessory drive systems, and is also of great significance for ensuring the stable and reliable operation of aircraft and engines. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention addresses the lack of testing equipment for aircraft engine accessory transmission devices, as well as the problems existing in the function, structure, and practicality of current testing equipment, by proposing a vibration fault simulation testing device for aircraft transmission devices.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0006] The vibration fault simulation tester for aircraft transmission devices consists of an input end, an output end, a gear transmission system 9, a lubricating oil system 14, and a measurement and control system.

[0007] The input and output terminals include a drive motor 1, a drive-end diaphragm coupling 2, a movable support 3, an internal spline shaft 7, an external spline shaft 8, an output-end diaphragm coupling I 10, an output-end diaphragm coupling II 12, and a load motor 13. The drive motor 1 is connected to the internal spline shaft 7 via the drive-end diaphragm coupling 2, and the internal spline shaft 7 is supported on the movable support 3. Both the internal spline shaft 7 and the gear shaft of the gear transmission system 9 are hollow. The external spline shaft 8 has a double-ended structure, with its two ends penetrating into the internal spline shaft 7 and the gear shaft, respectively. The spline connection enables torque transmission; the movable support 3 is fixed to the cast iron platform by fastening screws 5 and fastening bolts 4. Before the fastening screws 5 and fastening bolts 4 are fixed, the movable support 3 can rotate around the fastening bolts 4 under the adjustment of the adjusting screws 6; the output shaft of the gear transmission system 9 is gear shaft II 9-4, which is connected to one end of the torque and speed sensor 11 in the measurement and control system through the output end diaphragm coupling I 10; the other end of the torque and speed sensor 11 is connected to the load motor 13 through the output end diaphragm coupling II 12.

[0008] The gear transmission system 9 includes a gearbox housing 9-1, a gearbox cover 9-2, gear shaft I 9-3, gear shaft II 9-4, gear shaft III 9-5, gear shaft IV 9-6, gear shaft V 9-7, gear shaft VI 9-8, a sealing ring cover 9-9, a dynamic sealing ring 9-10, a bearing bushing 9-11, and a deep groove ball bearing 9-12; gear shaft VI 9-8 is the input shaft of the transmission system, and after reduction by gear shafts V 9-7, IV 9-6, and III 9-5, the gears are driven by gear shaft VI 9-8. II9-4 outputs torque. Gear shaft I9-3 is the unbalanced loading shaft of the gear transmission system. When simulating an unbalanced fault in the transmission system, an unbalanced disc can be placed at the end of gear shaft I9-3. The six gear shafts mesh with each other, resulting in five gear meshing positions. Near each meshing position, a threaded hole is opened on the corresponding position of the gearbox housing 9-1. Five quick-release oil inlet ports are fitted on the threaded holes to facilitate lubrication of the gear meshing points. An oil outlet hole is opened at the bottom of the gearbox housing 9-1. To recover lubricating oil; six sets of through holes are symmetrically provided on the gearbox cover 9-2 and gearbox body 9-1. After the gearbox cover 9-2 and gearbox body 9-1 are fitted together, a complete gearbox is formed. A bearing bushing 9-11 is installed on each through hole and fixed around it with bolts; the six gear shafts are all hollow and arranged in parallel from bottom to top. Among them, gear shaft VI 9-8 serves as the input shaft and has an internal spline, while gear shaft II 9-4 serves as the output shaft; each bearing bushing 9-11 is equipped with one bearing bushing. The deep groove ball bearing 9-12 is used to mate with the inner ring of each gear shaft, and the outer ring of the deep groove ball bearing 9-12 mates with the bearing bushing 9-11. The bearing bushing 9-11 has a recess for placing the dynamic seal ring 9-10, which is pressed by the dynamic seal ring cover 9-9. The dynamic seal ring 9-10 can prevent lubricating oil from overflowing from the bearing side and plays a sealing role. The gear transmission system 9 is fixed on the gearbox bracket I15 and the gearbox support frame II16. The gearbox bracket is fixed on the cast iron platform.

[0009] The lubricating oil system 14 includes a five-way gearbox oil supply line 14-1, a movable support oil supply line 14-2, and a gearbox main return line 14-3. The oil supply line 14-1 of the gearbox is connected to five quick-release oil inlets on the gearbox to lubricate the five meshing gear pairs respectively. The oil supply line 14-2 of the movable support is connected to the quick-release oil inlet on the movable support 3. The lubricating oil enters the inner spline shaft 7 with an oil inlet from the hollow movable support 3, and then enters the hollow outer spline shaft 8. The left and right ends of the outer spline shaft 8 are equipped with sealing rings to prevent the lubricating oil from overflowing. Finally, the lubricating oil enters the hollow gear shaft VI9-8 from the outer spline shaft 8. The hollow gear shaft VI9-8 has an oil outlet hole, from which the lubricating oil is thrown into the gearbox. Finally, all the lubricating oil enters the oil outlet hole at the bottom of the gearbox housing 9-1 and is recovered into the oil tank by the gearbox main return oil line 14-3.

[0010] The measurement and control system includes a torque and speed sensor 11, an industrial computer 17, a signal acquisition instrument 18, a preamplifier 19, a frequency converter 20, and a displacement acceleration sensor 21. The torque and speed sensor 11 is located between the gear shaft II 9-4 and the load motor 13, and is used to measure the torque and speed at the output end. There are two displacement acceleration sensors 21, located on the external spline 8 and the gearbox housing 9-1, respectively, and are used to monitor their vibration. The preamplifier 19 is connected to the torque and speed sensor 11 and the displacement acceleration sensor 21. The signal acquisition instrument 18 collects the signal amplified by the preamplifier 19 and transmits it to the industrial computer 17. The frequency converter 20 is connected to the drive motor 1 and the load motor 13 to control their frequency.

[0011] The beneficial effects of this invention are: it has the function of simulating the faults of the accessory transmission device of the aircraft engine, and can reproduce the misalignment faults of splines, gear misalignment, imbalance and gear / spline cracks, broken teeth, bearing faults, etc., and realize the coupling of faults under any condition and has the function of comprehensive online data monitoring. It has multiple test functions, is easy to disassemble and assemble, and has good fault reproduction effect. Attached Figure Description

[0012] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the vibration fault simulation tester for aircraft transmission devices according to the present invention.

[0013] Figure 2 This is an isometric side view of the gearbox.

[0014] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of a gear transmission system.

[0015] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the lubrication path for a movable support.

[0016] In the diagram: 1-Drive motor, 2-Diaphragm coupling at drive end, 3-Modible support, 4-Fastening bolt, 5-Fastening screw, 6-Adjusting screw, 7-Internal splined shaft, 8-External splined shaft, 9-Gearbox transmission system, 10-Diaphragm coupling at output end I, 11-Torque and speed sensor, 12-Diaphragm coupling at output end II, 13-Load motor, 14-Lubricating oil system, 15-Gearbox support frame I, 16-Gearbox support frame II, 17-Industrial computer, 18-Signal acquisition instrument, 19-Preamplifier, 2 0-Inverter, 21-Displacement acceleration sensor, 9-1-Gearbox housing, 9-2-Gearbox cover, 9-3-Gear shaft I, 9-4-Gear shaft II, 9-5-Gear shaft III, 9-6-Gear shaft IV, 9-7-Gear shaft V, 9-8-Gear shaft VI, 9-9-Sealing ring cover, 9-10-Dynamic sealing ring, 9-11-Bearing bushing, 9-12-Deep groove ball bearing, 14-1-Gearbox oil supply line, 14-2-Modible support oil supply line, 14-3-Gearbox main return oil line. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the technical solutions and accompanying drawings.

[0018] like Figure 1 As shown, the vibration fault simulation tester for aviation transmission devices of the present invention comprises a drive motor 1, a drive end diaphragm coupling 2, a movable support 3, fastening bolts 4, fastening screws 5, adjusting screws 6, an internal spline shaft 7, an external spline shaft 8, a gearbox transmission system 9, an output end diaphragm coupling I 10, a torque and speed sensor 11, an output end diaphragm coupling II 12, a load motor 13, a lubricating oil system 14, a gearbox support I 15, a gearbox support II 16, an industrial control computer 17, a data acquisition instrument 18, a preamplifier 19, a frequency converter 20, and a displacement and acceleration sensor 21.

[0019] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the gear transmission system 9 includes a gearbox housing 9-1, a gearbox cover 9-2, gear shaft I 9-3, gear shaft II 9-4, gear shaft III 9-5, gear shaft IV 9-6, gear shaft V 9-7, gear shaft VI 9-8, a sealing ring cover 9-9, a dynamic sealing ring 9-10, a bearing bushing 9-11, and a deep groove ball bearing 9-12.

[0020] like Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, the lubricating oil system 14 includes a five-way gearbox oil supply line 14-1, a movable support oil supply line 14-2, and a gearbox main return line 14-3.

[0021] The testing apparatus of the present invention includes the following functions:

[0022] (1) Study on the reproduction of spline misalignment fault: The movable support 3 is fixed on the cast iron platform by fastening screws 5 and fastening bolts 4. Before the fastening screws 5 and fastening bolts 4 are fixed, the movable support 3 can rotate around the fastening bolts 4 under the adjustment of the adjusting screws 6, so as to realize the misalignment of the inclination angle of the inner spline shaft 7 and the outer spline shaft 8.

[0023] (2) Study on the reproduction of gear misalignment fault: The bearing axis was offset from the theoretically aligned lower bearing axis by replacing the eccentric bearing bushing 9-11.

[0024] (3) Research on the reproduction of gear crack faults: Research on the experiment of reproducing gear crack faults by replacing the faulty gear shaft.

[0025] (4) Study on the reproduction of gear shaft imbalance fault: All six gear shafts extend out of the gearbox, and the balance disc can be connected to the gear shaft through the shrink sleeve to realize the study of gear shaft imbalance fault.

[0026] (5) Comprehensive online monitoring function: Through torque and speed sensor 11, industrial computer 17, signal acquisition instrument 18, preamplifier 19, frequency converter 20, displacement acceleration sensor 21, the speed control of the tester is realized, and vibration monitoring under various conditions is realized.

[0027] The steps for using the testing apparatus of this invention are as follows:

[0028] (1) Design and manufacture all components of the testing apparatus according to requirements;

[0029] (2) During the installation of the testing apparatus, first mate the six gear shafts with the deep groove ball bearings 9-12; fix the bearing bushings 9-11 to the gearbox housing 9-1 and gearbox cover 9-2 with bolts; assemble the six gear shafts into the corresponding bearing bushings 9-11; assemble the gearbox housing 9-1 and gearbox cover 9-2 with bolts to form the gear transmission system 9; fix the gear transmission system 9 on the gearbox support frame I15 and gearbox support frame II16, and fix the gearbox support frame I15 and gearbox support frame II16 to the gearbox support frame II16. The support frame II16 is fixed on the cast iron platform; the spline tilt angle misalignment adjustment system (drive end diaphragm coupling 2, movable support 3, internal spline shaft 7, external spline shaft 8, output end diaphragm coupling I 10, output end diaphragm coupling II 12), drive motor 1, load motor 13, and torque speed sensor 11 are installed; finally, the lubrication system 14 and the measurement and control system (torque speed sensor 11, industrial computer 17, signal acquisition instrument 18, preamplifier 19, frequency converter 20, and displacement acceleration sensor 21) are installed.

[0030] (3) Install the remaining components according to the experimental setup design;

[0031] (4) Adjust the experimental apparatus and conduct experimental research on spline vibration lubrication wear;

[0032] (5) After the test is completed, the disassembly process of the experimental apparatus shall be carried out in the reverse order of the above installation process.

Claims

1. An aero transmission vibration fault simulation tester, characterized in that, The aforementioned aircraft transmission device vibration fault simulation tester consists of an input end, an output end, a gear transmission system (9), a lubricating oil system (14), and a measurement and control system; The input and output ends include a drive motor (1), a drive end diaphragm coupling (2), a movable support (3), an internal spline shaft (7), an external spline shaft (8), an output end diaphragm coupling I (10), an output end diaphragm coupling II (12), and a load motor (13); the drive motor (1) is connected to the internal spline shaft (7) through the drive end diaphragm coupling (2), and the internal spline shaft (7) is supported on the movable support (3); both the internal spline shaft (7) and the gear shaft of the gear transmission system (9) are hollow, and the external spline shaft (8) has a double-headed structure, with its two ends penetrating into the internal spline shaft (7) and the gear shaft, respectively. Torque is transmitted through spline connection; the movable support (3) is fixed to the cast iron platform by fastening screws (5) and fastening bolts (4). Before the fastening screws (5) and fastening bolts (4) are fixed, the movable support (3) can rotate around the fastening bolts (4) under the adjustment of the adjusting screws (6); the output shaft of the gear transmission system (9) is gear shaft II (9-4), which is connected to one end of the torque speed sensor (11) in the measurement and control system through the output end diaphragm coupling I (10); the other end of the torque speed sensor (11) is connected to the load motor (13) through the output end diaphragm coupling II (12); The gear transmission system (9) includes a gearbox housing (9-1), a gearbox cover (9-2), gear shaft I (9-3), gear shaft II (9-4), gear shaft III (9-5), gear shaft IV (9-6), gear shaft V (9-7), gear shaft VI (9-8), a sealing ring cover (9-9), a dynamic sealing ring (9-10), a bearing bushing (9-11), and a deep groove ball bearing (9-12); gear shaft VI (9-8) is the input shaft of the transmission system, passing through gear shaft V (9-7), gear shaft IV (9-6), and gear shaft III (9-10). 5) After deceleration, torque is output from gear shaft II (9-4). Gear shaft I (9-3) is the unbalanced loading shaft of the gear transmission system. When simulating the unbalanced fault of the transmission system, an unbalanced disc is placed at the end of gear shaft I (9-3). The six gear shafts mesh with each other, and there are five gear meshing positions. A threaded hole is opened on the gearbox housing (9-1) near the upper part of each meshing position. Five quick-release oil inlet ports are installed on the threaded holes to facilitate lubrication of the gear meshing points. An oil outlet hole is opened at the bottom of the gearbox housing (9-1) to recover lubricant. Oil; six sets of through holes are symmetrically provided on the gearbox cover (9-2) and gearbox body (9-1). After the gearbox cover (9-2) and gearbox body (9-1) are fitted together, a complete gearbox is formed. A bearing bushing (9-11) is installed on each through hole and fixed with bolts around it; the six gear shafts are all hollow and arranged in parallel from bottom to top. Among them, gear shaft VI (9-8) serves as the input shaft and has an internal spline, while gear shaft II (9-4) serves as the output shaft; each bearing bushing (9-11) is equipped with a deep groove ball bearing (9-12). The gear shaft is fitted with the inner ring of the deep groove ball bearing (9-12), and the outer ring of the deep groove ball bearing (9-12) is fitted with the bearing bushing (9-11). The bearing bushing (9-11) is provided with a recess for placing the dynamic seal ring (9-10), and is pressed with a seal ring cover (9-9). The dynamic seal ring (9-10) prevents lubricating oil from overflowing from the bearing side and plays a sealing role. The gear transmission system (9) is fixed on the gearbox support frame I (15) and the gearbox support frame II (16). The gearbox support frame I (15) and the gearbox support frame II (16) are fixed on the cast iron platform. The lubrication system (14) includes a five-way gearbox oil supply line (14-1), a movable support oil supply line (14-2), and a gearbox main return line (14-3). The gearbox oil supply line (14-1) is connected to five quick-release oil inlets on the gearbox to lubricate five meshing gear pairs. The movable support oil supply line (14-2) is connected to a quick-release oil inlet on the movable support (3), and lubricating oil flows from the hollow movable support (3). The oil enters the internal spline shaft (7) with an oil inlet, and then enters the hollow external spline shaft (8). The left and right ends of the external spline shaft (8) are equipped with sealing rings to prevent the lubricating oil from overflowing. Finally, the lubricating oil enters the hollow gear shaft VI (9-8) from the external spline shaft (8). The hollow gear shaft VI (9-8) has an oil outlet hole. The oil is thrown into the gearbox from the oil outlet hole. Finally, all the lubricating oil enters the oil outlet hole at the bottom of the gearbox housing (9-1) and is recovered into the oil tank through the gearbox main return oil pipeline (14-3). The measurement and control system includes a torque and speed sensor (11), an industrial computer (17), a signal acquisition instrument (18), a preamplifier (19), a frequency converter (20), and a displacement acceleration sensor (21). The torque and speed sensor (11) is located between the gear shaft II (9-4) and the load motor (13) and is used to measure the torque and speed at the output end. There are two displacement acceleration sensors (21), located on the external spline shaft (8) and the gearbox housing (9-1) respectively, and are used to monitor their vibration. The preamplifier (19) is connected to the torque and speed sensor (11) and the displacement acceleration sensor (21). The signal acquisition instrument (18) collects the signal amplified by the preamplifier (19) and transmits it to the industrial computer (17). The frequency converter (20) is connected to the drive motor (1) and the load motor (13) and controls their frequency.

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