Liquid crystal display devices and LED display devices

Abstract

The present disclosure provides a liquid crystal display device and an LED display device, which relate to the field of display technology. The liquid crystal display device includes: a collimated backlight module for providing collimated polarized light; a two-dimensional display module for modulating the collimated polarized light emitted by the collimated backlight module, so that the collimated polarized light emitted after being modulated by the two-dimensional display module carries display information; a light direction modulation module for modulating the direction of the collimated polarized light emitted from the two-dimensional display module; and a collimated light output module for expanding the range corresponding to the collimated polarized light emitted from the light direction modulation module. By using the light direction modulation module to modulate the direction of the collimated polarized light, the angle of the collimated polarized light emitted after being modulated by the light direction modulation module can be made different at different times, thereby realizing the splicing of the main lobe without reducing the resolution, expanding the main lobe angle, eliminating the reverse viewing area, and increasing the visible area of ​​the device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the field of display technology, and in particular to a liquid crystal display device and an LED display device. Background Art

[0002] In the field of display technology, glasses-free 3D (3-Dimension) is a display technology that uses parallax to create a three-dimensional image with space and depth without the need for auxiliary equipment (such as 3D glasses). Because the stereoscopic images displayed by glasses-free 3D displays offer realistic and vivid visuals, good environmental appeal, and strong visual impact, their application scenarios are becoming increasingly widespread.

[0003] Realizing naked-eye 3D display based on a liquid crystal display device is one of the commonly used methods for realizing naked-eye 3D display.

[0004] In related technologies, liquid crystal display devices used to achieve 3D displays include a two-dimensional display module and a lens structure. Divergent light emitted by a backlight passes through the pixel opening corresponding to each pixel in the two-dimensional display module and enters the corresponding layer structure. It is then modulated by the two-dimensional display module and emitted. The emitted divergent light carries the display information, which is then modulated by the lens and converted into collimated light that is emitted.

[0005] However, the main lobe angle of the liquid crystal display device in the related art is small, and there is a reverse viewing area between the main lobe and the side lobe (the parallax in this area is opposite to the correct parallax, and the viewing experience in the reverse viewing area is poor). Summary of the Invention

[0006] The present disclosure provides a liquid crystal display device and an LED display device, which at least to some extent overcome the problems of small main lobe angle and the existence of a reverse viewing area between the main lobe and the side lobe of the liquid crystal display device in the related art.

[0007] According to one aspect of the present disclosure, a liquid crystal display device is provided, comprising: a collimated backlight module for providing collimated polarized light; a two-dimensional display module for modulating the collimated polarized light emitted by the collimated backlight module so that the collimated polarized light emitted after modulation by the two-dimensional display module carries display information; a light direction modulation module for modulating the direction of the collimated polarized light emitted from the two-dimensional display module; and a collimated light output module for expanding the range corresponding to the collimated polarized light emitted from the light direction modulation module.

[0008] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the collimated backlight source module includes: a light guide plate; a collimated backlight source, arranged on the light incident side of the light guide plate, for coupling the collimated light into the light guide plate; a total reflection layer, covering the light output surface of the light guide plate, wherein the refractive index of the total reflection layer is smaller than the refractive index of the light guide plate, so that the collimated light emitted from the collimated backlight source is totally reflected and propagated in the light guide plate, and the total reflection layer has a light extraction port corresponding to each pixel opening in the two-dimensional display module, so that the collimated light propagating in the light guide plate is incident on the corresponding pixel opening from the light extraction port; an optoelectronic isolator OC flat layer, covering the total reflection layer, wherein the difference between the refractive index of the OC flat layer and the refractive index of the light guide plate is smaller than a refractive index threshold; a polarizer, for modulating the collimated light into collimated polarized light.

[0009] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the polarizer is arranged between the light guide plate and the collimated backlight source to modulate the collimated light emitted by the collimated backlight source into the light guide plate into collimated polarized light; or, the polarizer is covered on the OC flat layer to modulate the collimated light emitted through the OC flat layer into collimated polarized light.

[0010] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the light direction modulation module includes: a liquid crystal deflection layer; an upper orientation layer and a lower orientation layer located on the upper and lower sides of the liquid crystal deflection layer; an upper deflection electrode layer located on the upper side of the upper orientation layer, and a lower deflection electrode layer located on the lower side of the lower orientation layer; an upper substrate covering the upper deflection electrode layer; wherein the upper deflection electrode layer and the lower deflection electrode layer are used to modulate the equivalent refractive index of the liquid crystal deflection layer by voltage to modulate the direction of the collimated polarized light emitted from the two-dimensional display module.

[0011] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the collimated light output module includes: a diffusion layer for diffusing the collimated polarized light emitted from the light direction modulation module; a spacer glass for transmitting the divergent polarized light emitted through the diffusion layer; and a lens layer for modulating the divergent polarized light emitted from the spacer glass into collimated polarized light, wherein the focus of the lens in the lens layer is located on the light incident surface of the diffusion layer.

[0012] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the lenses in the lens layer are microlenses; or, the lenses in the lens layer are cylindrical lenses.

[0013] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, it further includes: an isolation substrate, which is arranged between the two-dimensional display module and the light direction modulation module.

[0014] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a light emitting diode (LED) display device is provided, comprising: a plurality of LED lamp beads for emitting light carrying display information; a plurality of collimating lenses for modulating the light emitted by the LED lamp beads into collimated light, each collimating lens covering at least one LED lamp bead among the plurality of LED lamp beads, and the light emitted by the at least one LED lamp bead carrying the same display information; a light direction modulation module for modulating the direction of the collimated light emitted from each of the plurality of collimating lenses; and a collimated light output module for expanding the range corresponding to the collimated light emitted from the light direction modulation module.

[0015] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the light direction modulation module includes: an optoelectronic isolator OC flat layer, covering the multiple collimating lenses; a liquid crystal deflection layer; an upper orientation layer and a lower orientation layer located on the upper and lower sides of the liquid crystal deflection layer; an upper deflection electrode layer located on the upper side of the upper orientation layer, and a lower deflection electrode layer located on the lower side of the lower orientation layer; an upper substrate located on the upper side of the upper deflection electrode layer, and a lower substrate located on the lower side of the lower deflection electrode layer; wherein the upper deflection electrode layer and the lower deflection electrode layer are used to modulate the equivalent refractive index of the liquid crystal deflection layer by voltage to modulate the direction of the collimated light emitted from each collimating lens.

[0016] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the collimated light output module includes: a diffusion layer for diffusing the collimated light emitted from the light direction modulation module; a spacer glass for transmitting the divergent light emitted through the diffusion layer; and a lens layer for modulating the divergent light emitted from the spacer glass into collimated light, wherein the focus of the lens in the lens layer is located on the light incident surface of the diffusion layer.

[0017] The technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure include at least the following beneficial effects:

[0018] The technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure utilizes a collimated backlight module to provide collimated polarized light for a two-dimensional display module, so that the collimated polarized light emitted after modulation by the two-dimensional display module carries display information. By utilizing a light direction modulation module to modulate the direction of the collimated polarized light carrying display information, the angle of the collimated polarized light emitted after modulation by the light direction modulation module can be made different at different times, so that the angle of the emitted collimated polarized light changes periodically, thereby realizing the splicing of the main lobe without reducing the resolution, expanding the main lobe angle of the liquid crystal display device, eliminating the reverse viewing area, and thereby increasing the corresponding visible area of ​​the liquid crystal display device. Afterwards, the collimated light output module is utilized to expand the range corresponding to the collimated polarized light emitted from the light direction modulation module, so that the collimated polarized light emitted by the liquid crystal display device can cover a larger range, further increasing the corresponding visible area of ​​the liquid crystal display device, thereby realizing a large and continuous visible area in a naked-eye 3D display scene, thereby meeting the needs of multi-person viewing and mobile viewing.

[0019] It is to be understood that the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the disclosure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] The accompanying drawings are incorporated into and constitute a part of the specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present disclosure, and together with the specification, are used to explain the principles of the present disclosure. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present disclosure, and those skilled in the art can derive other drawings based on these drawings without inventive effort.

[0021] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a liquid crystal display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a collimated backlight module of a liquid crystal display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a collimated backlight module for a liquid crystal display device according to another embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0024] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a two-dimensional display module of a liquid crystal display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a light direction modulation module of a liquid crystal display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0026] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the path of collimated polarized light when different voltages are applied to the liquid crystal deflection layer in one embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0027] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a step size change in the area where collimated polarized light is emitted from the light-emitting surface of the liquid crystal deflection layer in one embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0028] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of a collimated light output module of a liquid crystal display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0029] Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the arrangement of pixel openings and lenses of a liquid crystal display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0030] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of a liquid crystal display device in another embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0031] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of a light direction modulation module of an LED display device in one embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0032] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of a collimated light output module of an LED display device in one embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0033] Figure 13 Schematic diagram of an LED display device in one embodiment of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] Example embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the example embodiments can be implemented in many forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete and will fully convey the concepts of the example embodiments to those skilled in the art. Like reference numerals in the figures represent identical or similar structures, and thus their detailed descriptions will be omitted. Furthermore, the figures are merely schematic illustrations of the present disclosure and are not necessarily drawn to scale.

[0035] Although relative terms such as "upper" and "lower" are used in this specification to describe the relationship of one illustrated component to another, these terms are used herein for convenience only, such as in accordance with the orientation of the illustrations in the accompanying drawings. It will be understood that if the illustrated device were flipped upside down, the component described as "upper" would become the component "lower." When a structure is referred to as "on" another structure, this may mean that the structure is integrally formed with the other structure, that the structure is "directly" disposed on the other structure, or that the structure is "indirectly" disposed on the other structure via the other structure.

[0036] The terms "a", "an", "the", "said" and "at least one" are used to indicate the presence of one or more elements / components / etc.; the terms "including" and "having" are used to express open-ended inclusion and mean that additional elements / components / etc. may be present in addition to the listed elements / components / etc.; the terms "first", "second" and "third" etc. are used only as labels and are not intended to limit the quantity of their objects.

[0037] In the related art, a liquid crystal display device includes a TFT (Thin Film Transistor) substrate, a liquid crystal display layer, a CF (Color Filter) substrate, and a polarizer (Pol layer).

[0038] The divergent light emitted by the backlight source enters the two-dimensional display module through the pixel opening on the TFT substrate, is modulated by the two-dimensional display module, and then emitted. The divergent light emitted by the two-dimensional display module carries the display information. After that, it is modulated into collimated light by a collimating lens and then emitted. The main lobe angle of the liquid crystal display device implemented in this way is small, and there is a reverse viewing area between the main lobe and the side lobes. As a result, the corresponding visible area of ​​the naked-eye 3D display based on this liquid crystal display device is small, which in turn limits the number of viewers when multiple people are watching, and it is easy to enter the reverse viewing area when watching on the move, resulting in poor viewing experience.

[0039] In this regard, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a liquid crystal display device that can adjust the angle of collimated light carrying display information in a time-division manner, achieve main lobe splicing, expand the main lobe angle of the liquid crystal display device, and eliminate the reverse viewing area between the main lobe and the side lobe, so that the naked-eye 3D display achieved based on the liquid crystal display device provided by the present disclosure can meet the needs of multi-person viewing and mobile viewing.

[0040] The liquid crystal display device provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure can be Figure 1 As shown, the liquid crystal display device may include: a collimated backlight module 101 , a two-dimensional display module 102 , a light direction modulation module 103 and a collimated light output module 104 .

[0041] The collimated backlight module 101 is used to provide collimated polarized light. The two-dimensional display module 102 is used to modulate the collimated polarized light emitted by the collimated backlight module 101 so that the collimated polarized light emitted by the two-dimensional display module 102 carries display information. The light direction modulation module 103 is used to modulate the direction of the collimated polarized light emitted from the two-dimensional display module 102. The collimated light output module 104 is used to expand the range of the collimated polarized light emitted by the light direction modulation module 103.

[0042] The direction modulation module 103 can modulate the collimated polarized light emitted from the two-dimensional display module 102 to propagate in different directions at different times (in a time-division manner). The light emitted from the collimated light output module 104 is collimated polarized light with an expanded coverage area.

[0043] The technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure utilizes a collimated backlight module to provide collimated polarized light for a two-dimensional display module, so that the collimated polarized light emitted after modulation by the two-dimensional display module carries display information. The direction of the collimated polarized light carrying the display information is then modulated by a light direction modulation module to change the angle at which the light carrying the display information is emitted, so that the angle of the emitted collimated polarized light changes periodically. Compared with the divergent light modulated by the two-dimensional display module and then directly collimated and emitted after being modulated by a lens, the main lobe is spliced, the size of the main lobe angle is increased, the reverse viewing area is eliminated, and the corresponding visible area of ​​the liquid crystal display device is increased. Afterwards, the collimated light output module is utilized to expand the range corresponding to the collimated polarized light emitted from the light direction modulation module, so that the light emitted by the liquid crystal display device can cover a larger range, further increasing the corresponding visible area of ​​the liquid crystal display device, thereby realizing a large and continuous visible area in a naked-eye 3D scene, thereby meeting the needs of multiple people watching and mobile viewing.

[0044] In one embodiment, Figure 2 As shown, the collimated backlight module 101 may include: a collimated backlight 1011 , a light guide plate 1012 , a total reflection layer 1013 , an OC flat layer 1014 and a polarizer 1015 .

[0045] The collimated backlight 1011 is disposed on the light-entering side of the light guide plate 1012 and is used to couple collimated light into the light guide plate 1012. A total reflection layer 1013 covers the light-exiting surface of the light guide plate 1012. The refractive index of the total reflection layer 1013 is lower than that of the light guide plate 1012, so that the collimated light emitted from the collimated backlight 1011 is totally reflected and propagated within the light guide plate 1012. The total reflection layer 1013 has a light extraction port 10131 corresponding to each pixel opening in the two-dimensional display module 102, so that the collimated light propagating within the light guide plate 1012 is incident upon the corresponding pixel opening through the light extraction port 10131. An OC planarization layer 1014 covers the total reflection layer 1013. The difference between the refractive index of the OC planarization layer 1014 and the refractive index of the light guide plate 1012 is less than a refractive index threshold. A polarizer 1015 is used to modulate the collimated light into collimated polarized light.

[0046] The specific size of the refractive index threshold is not limited in the embodiments of the present disclosure. By limiting the difference between the refractive index of the OC flat layer 1014 and the refractive index of the light guide plate 1012 to be less than the refractive index threshold, the collimated light emitted from the light extraction port 10131 can propagate through the OC flat layer 1014 and enter the corresponding pixel opening in the two-dimensional display module 102.

[0047] It should be noted that, since the collimated polarized light emitted by the collimated backlight module 101 is guaranteed to enter the corresponding pixel openings in the two-dimensional display module 102, the influence of the OC flat layer 1014 on the propagation direction of the light emitted from the light guide plate 1012 can be ignored. Figure 2 The figure does not reflect the change in light propagation direction caused by the difference in refractive index between the OC planar layer 1014 and the light guide plate 1012. The subsequent figures also do not reflect the effect of the OC planar layer 1014 on the propagation direction of light emitted from the light guide plate 1012. If the refractive index of the OC planar layer 1014 is the same as that of the light guide plate 1012, the OC planar layer 1014 would not affect the propagation direction of light emitted from the light guide plate 1012.

[0048] When the light that is totally reflected in the light guide plate 1012 propagates to the light extraction port 10131, the total reflection is broken, and the light is emitted from the light extraction port 10131 into the OC flat layer 1014 at a certain angle (the angle can be determined by conditions such as the position of the light extraction port 10131), and then propagates out from the collimated backlight module 101 and enters the corresponding pixel opening in the two-dimensional display module 102.

[0049] In one embodiment, the polarizer 1015 can be located at any position that can make the light emitted from the collimated backlight module 101 collimated polarized light. Figure 2 As shown, the polarizer 1015 may cover the OC flat layer 1014 to modulate the collimated light emitted through the OC flat layer 1014 into collimated polarized light.

[0050] For example, Figure 3 As shown, the polarizer 1015 may be disposed between the light guide plate 1012 and the collimated backlight source 1011 to modulate the collimated light emitted by the collimated backlight source 1011 into the light guide plate 1012 into collimated polarized light.

[0051] In one embodiment, the collimated backlight source 1011 includes a collimated lampshade 10111 and a light source 10112. The collimated backlight source 1011 can be Figure 2 In one embodiment, the collimated backlight source can be a light source that enters from two or three sides of the light guide plate, that is, a double-sided or three-sided light source ( Figure 2Shown with lighting entering from one side).

[0052] In another embodiment, the collimated backlight source may also be configured to emit light into the light guide plate in a bottom backlight manner.

[0053] In one embodiment, Figure 4 As shown, the two-dimensional display module 102 may include: a TFT substrate 1021, a liquid crystal display layer 1022, a CF substrate 1023, and a polarizer (pol layer) 1024. Among them, the PS (Photo Spacer) in the liquid crystal display layer 1022 is a photoresist material.

[0054] Because the two-dimensional display module 102 is used to modulate collimated polarized light so that it carries display information, there is no effect on the propagation direction of the collimated polarized light emitted at different times and carrying the display information. Therefore, the propagation direction of the collimated polarized light emitted by the two-dimensional display module 102 and carrying the display information is consistent. Therefore, the effect of the two-dimensional display module 102 on the propagation direction of the light can be ignored in subsequent figures. Only the lateral displacement caused by the thickness of the two-dimensional display module 102 and the angle of incidence of the collimated polarized light entering the two-dimensional display module 102 can be considered.

[0055] The light direction modulation module 103 can be any module that can control the propagation direction of light. For example, the light direction modulation module 103 can be a module that can change the propagation direction of light based on acousto-optics, electro-optics, liquid crystal phased array, liquid crystal deflection grating, etc.

[0056] In one embodiment, Figure 5 As shown, the light direction modulation module 103 may include a liquid crystal deflection layer 1031, an upper alignment layer 1032, a lower alignment layer 1033, an upper deflection electrode layer 1034, a lower deflection electrode layer 1035 and an upper substrate 1036. The PS in the liquid crystal deflection layer 1031 is a photoresist material.

[0057] The upper alignment layer 1032 and the lower alignment layer 1033 are located on the upper and lower sides of the liquid crystal deflection layer 1031 . The upper alignment layer 1032 and the lower alignment layer 1033 can initialize the orientation of the liquid crystal in the liquid crystal deflection layer 1031 .

[0058] The upper deflection electrode layer 1034 is located on the upper side of the upper orientation layer 1032, and the lower deflection electrode layer 1035 is located on the lower side of the lower orientation layer 1033. The upper deflection electrode layer 1034 and the lower deflection electrode layer 1035 can apply different voltages at different times, thereby modulating the equivalent refractive index of the liquid crystal deflection layer 1031 by voltage to modulate the direction of the collimated polarized light emitted from the two-dimensional display module 102.

[0059] The upper substrate 1036 covers the upper deflection electrode layer 1034.

[0060] When the voltage applied to the liquid crystal deflection layer 1031 through the upper deflection electrode layer 1034 and the lower deflection electrode layer 1035 is low, the value of the equivalent refractive index of the liquid crystal deflection layer 1031 is small; when the voltage applied to the liquid crystal deflection layer 1031 through the upper deflection electrode layer 1034 and the lower deflection electrode layer 1035 is high, the value of the equivalent refractive index of the liquid crystal deflection layer 1031 is also large.

[0061] As Figure 6 shown, Figure 6 The angle between the light ray shown in (1) and the light incident surface of the liquid crystal deflection layer 1031 is ∠1, and this angle is the refraction angle generated when the voltage applied to the liquid crystal deflection layer 1031 is V1; Figure 6 The angle between the light ray shown in (2) and the light incident surface of the liquid crystal deflection layer 1031 is ∠2, and this angle is the refraction angle generated when the voltage applied to the liquid crystal deflection layer 1031 is V2; Figure 6 The angle between the light ray shown in (3) and the light incident surface of the liquid crystal deflection layer 1031 is ∠3, and this angle is the refraction angle generated when the voltage applied to the liquid crystal deflection layer 1031 is V3. Among them, V1 < V2 < V3, and correspondingly, ∠1 < ∠2 < ∠3.

[0062] In one embodiment, the voltage applied to the liquid crystal deflection layer 1031 is periodic, and each voltage cycle includes multiple time periods, and the voltage values corresponding to any two moments in each time period are the same. For example, the voltage cycle of the voltage applied to the liquid crystal deflection layer 103 includes three time periods. The voltage corresponding to the first time period is V0, the voltage corresponding to the second time period is V0 + ΔV1, and the voltage corresponding to the third time period is V0 + ΔV2. Among them, ΔV1 ≠ ΔV2.

[0063] When a beam of obliquely incident collimated polarized light is incident on the liquid crystal deflection layer 1031 at different equivalent refractive indices, the collimated polarized light will be incident on different positions of the light exit surface of the liquid crystal deflection layer 1031.

[0064] The step size of the change in the region where the collimated polarized light exits from the light exit surface of the liquid crystal deflection layer 1031 when different voltages are applied to the liquid crystal deflection layer 1031 can be as Figure 7 shown, Figure 7where h is the thickness of the liquid crystal deflection layer 1031; θ1 is the incident angle of the collimated polarized light when it enters the liquid crystal deflection layer 1031; θ2 is the refraction angle when a first voltage is applied to the liquid crystal deflection layer 1031; θ3 is the refraction angle when a second voltage is applied to the liquid crystal deflection layer 1031; n1 is the refractive index of the light-transmitting medium below the liquid crystal deflection layer 1031; n2 is the equivalent refractive index of the liquid crystal deflection layer 1031 when the first voltage is applied to the liquid crystal deflection layer 1031; n3 is the equivalent refractive index of the liquid crystal deflection layer 1031 when the second voltage is applied to the liquid crystal deflection layer 1031; and D is the step size of the change in the area from which the collimated polarized light emerges from the light-emitting surface of the liquid crystal deflection layer 1031.

[0065] D can be calculated using the following formulas 1 to 5.

[0066] n1·sinθ1=n2·sinθ2 (1)

[0067] n1·sinθ1=n3·sinθ3 (2)

[0068] L1=h·tanθ2 (3)

[0069] L2=h·tanθ3 (4)

[0070] D=L2-L1 (5)

[0071] By applying different voltages to the liquid crystal deflection layer 1031 at different times, the collimated polarized light emitted by the light direction modulation module 103 can have different propagation directions, thereby achieving main lobe splicing without reducing the resolution, expanding the main lobe angle of the liquid crystal display device, eliminating the reverse viewing area, and thereby increasing the corresponding visible area of ​​the liquid crystal display device.

[0072] In one embodiment, Figure 8 As shown, the collimated light output module 104 may include: a diffusion layer 1041 , a spacer glass 1042 and a lens layer 1043 .

[0073] The diffusion layer 1041 is used to diffuse the collimated polarized light emitted from the light direction modulation module 103. After diffusion through the diffusion layer 1041, the collimated polarized light is converted into divergent polarized light. The spacer glass 1042 is used to propagate the divergent polarized light emitted from the diffusion layer 1041. The lens layer 1043 is used to modulate the divergent polarized light emitted from the spacer glass 1042 into collimated polarized light. The focal points of the lenses in the lens layer 1043 are located on the light-incoming surface of the diffusion layer 1041.

[0074] The collimated polarized light emitted from the light direction modulation module 103 is dispersed into divergent polarized light by the diffusion layer 1041. After propagating through the spacer glass 1042, the range covered by the divergent polarized light is expanded compared to the collimated polarized light before dispersion. Subsequently, the lenses in the lens layer 1043 modulate the divergent polarized light after propagating through the spacer glass 1042 into collimated polarized light for emission. Therefore, the collimated polarized light emitted after modulation by the lens layer 1043 can cover a wider range than the collimated polarized light emitted from the light direction modulation module 103. Through the coordination of the collimated backlight module 101, the two-dimensional display module 102, the light direction modulation module 103, and the collimated light output module 104, the collimated polarized light emitted by the liquid crystal display device can cover a wider range, further increasing the corresponding viewable area of ​​the liquid crystal display device. This achieves a large and continuous viewable area in naked-eye 3D display scenarios, thereby meeting the needs of multi-person and mobile viewing.

[0075] The embodiments of the present disclosure do not limit the specific type of lens used in the lens layer 1043 to modulate divergent polarized light into collimated polarized light. Figure 9 As shown in (1) in FIG. 1 , the lenses in the lens layer 1043 are micro lenses. In another embodiment, as shown in FIG. Figure 9 As shown in (2), the lenses in the lens layer 1043 are cylindrical lenses.

[0076] It should be noted that Figure 9 The (1) in the figure is only used to indicate that the lens in the lens layer 1043 can be a microlens, and does not limit the quantitative relationship between pixel openings and microlenses. In actual application, one microlens can correspond to multiple pixel openings. Figure 9 The number (2) is only used to indicate that the lenses in the lens layer 1043 can be cylindrical lenses, and does not limit the quantitative relationship between pixel openings and cylindrical lenses. In actual applications, one cylindrical lens can correspond to multiple rows of pixel openings.

[0077] In one embodiment, the liquid crystal display device further includes an isolation substrate, which is disposed between the two-dimensional display module 102 and the light direction modulation module 103 to isolate the two-dimensional display module 102 from the light direction modulation module 103 .

[0078] The embodiment of the present disclosure does not limit the material of the isolation substrate. For example, the isolation substrate can be made of glass.

[0079] For example, the polarizer 1015 covers the OC flat layer 1014, and the isolation substrate 105 is disposed between the two-dimensional display module 102 and the light direction modulation module 103. Figure 10As shown, the liquid crystal display device may include: a collimated backlight source 1011, a light guide plate 1012, a total reflection layer 1013, an OC flat layer 1014, a polarizer 1015, a TFT substrate 1021, a liquid crystal display layer 1022, a CF substrate 1023, a polarizer 1024, an isolation substrate 105, a liquid crystal deflection layer 1031, an upper orientation layer 1032, a lower orientation layer 1033, an upper deflection electrode layer 1034, a lower deflection electrode layer 1035, an upper substrate 1036, a diffusion layer 1041, a spacer glass 1042 and a lens layer 1043.

[0080] The collimated backlight 1011 couples collimated light into the light guide plate 1012. Due to the display of the total reflection layer 1013, the collimated light is totally reflected within the light guide plate 1012 before being emitted from the light extraction port 10131. After passing through the OC flattening layer 1014, it is modulated into collimated polarized light by the polarizer 1015. The collimated polarized light then enters the pixel openings on the TFT substrate 1021. After being modulated by the liquid crystal display layer 1022, the CF substrate 1023, and the polarizer 1024, it is converted into collimated polarized light carrying the display information. The light then passes through the isolation substrate 105, the lower deflection electrode layer 1035, and the lower alignment layer 1033, before entering the liquid crystal deflection layer 1031. After being modulated by the liquid crystal deflection layer 1031, it is emitted in a new propagation direction and passes through the upper alignment layer 1032, the upper deflection electrode layer 1034, and the upper substrate 1036 before entering the diffusion layer 1041. After entering the diffusion layer 1041 , the collimated polarized light is dispersed into divergent polarized light. The divergent polarized light then propagates in the spacer glass 1042 and is emitted to the lens layer 1043 , which modulates the divergent polarized light into collimated polarized light and emits it.

[0081] It should be noted that Figure 10 Figure 1 shows the propagation paths of light (i.e., the propagation paths corresponding to Vp and Vq) when two different voltages are applied to the liquid crystal deflection layer 1031. In practical applications, multiple voltages can be applied to the liquid crystal deflection layer 1031 at different times, so that the collimated polarized light modulated by the liquid crystal deflection layer 1031 can have multiple different propagation paths at different times.

[0082] in addition, Figure 10 What is shown is the situation where one lens in the lens layer 1043 corresponds to two light extraction ports 10131. In practice, one lens can correspond to more than two light extraction ports.

[0083] In one embodiment, by configuring the positions of the light extraction ports and the voltage values ​​of each voltage in a voltage cycle applied to the liquid crystal deflection layer 1031, the region from which light emitted from each light extraction port exits the light-exiting surface of the liquid crystal deflection layer 1031 can be controlled. Furthermore, by controlling the light diffusion angle of the diffusion layer 1041, it is possible to control that, under one voltage in the voltage cycle applied to the liquid crystal deflection layer 1031, light emitted from multiple light extraction ports corresponding to the first lens in the lens layer 1043 (light extraction ports corresponding to the pixel islands corresponding to the lens) is all emitted from the first lens, and under another voltage in the voltage cycle applied to the liquid crystal deflection layer 1031, light emitted from multiple light extraction ports corresponding to the first lens is all emitted from the second lens. The first lens and the second lens are two different lenses in the lens layer 1043.

[0084] In one embodiment, the first lens and the second lens are two adjacent lenses. Figure 10 As shown, Vp and Vq are both voltages in a voltage cycle, and the lens through which the light path corresponding to Vp passes corresponds to the two light extraction ports 10131 . The lens through which the light path corresponding to Vp passes can be the first lens, and the lens through which the light path corresponding to Vq passes can be the second lens.

[0085] It should be noted that a voltage cycle can correspond to two or more voltage values. For example, a voltage cycle corresponds to three voltages, the first voltage is V a , the second voltage is V b , the third voltage is V c The voltage applied to the liquid crystal deflection layer 1031 is V a When , the light emitted from the multiple light extraction ports corresponding to the first lens in the lens layer 1043 is emitted from the first lens; the voltage applied to the liquid crystal deflection layer 1031 is V b When , the light emitted from the multiple light extraction ports corresponding to the first lens is emitted from the second lens; the voltage applied to the liquid crystal deflection layer 1031 is V c When the light emitted from the plurality of light extraction ports corresponding to the first lens is emitted from the third lens. The first lens, the second lens and the third lens can be three adjacent lenses or three non-adjacent lenses, and the embodiments of the present disclosure do not limit this.

[0086] By controlling the light emitted from the multiple light extraction ports corresponding to each lens, and emitting from different lenses under different voltages applied to the liquid crystal deflection layer 1031, the main lobe can be spliced, the reverse viewing area can be eliminated, and the corresponding visual range of the liquid crystal display device can be increased, so that the naked-eye 3D implemented based on the liquid crystal display device can better support multi-person viewing and mobile viewing.

[0087] In another related technology, LED (Light-Emitting Diode) displays use LED lamps to emit divergent light carrying display information, which is then modulated by a lens and collimated. Glasses-free 3D displays based on these LED displays also suffer from a small main lobe angle and the presence of a reverse viewing zone between the main lobe and side lobes. This reverse viewing zone reduces the visible area of ​​the glass-free 3D display, limiting the number of viewers when viewing with multiple people. Furthermore, the reverse viewing zone is easily entered during mobile viewing, resulting in poor viewing performance.

[0088] In this regard, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides an LED display device that can adjust the angle of collimated light carrying display information in a time-division manner, achieve main lobe splicing, expand the main lobe angle of the LED display device, and reduce the reverse viewing area between the main lobe and the side lobe, so that the naked-eye 3D display achieved based on the LED display device provided by the present disclosure can meet the needs of multi-person viewing and mobile viewing.

[0089] In one embodiment, the LED display device provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure may include: a plurality of LED lamp beads, a plurality of collimating lenses, a light direction modulation module and a collimating light output module.

[0090] The plurality of LED lamp beads are configured to emit light carrying display information. The plurality of collimating lenses are configured to modulate the light emitted by the LED lamp beads into collimated light. Each collimating lens covers at least one of the plurality of LED lamp beads, and the light emitted by at least one of the plurality of LED lamp beads carries the same display information. The light direction modulation module is configured to modulate the direction of the collimated light emitted from each of the plurality of collimating lenses. The collimated light output module is configured to expand the range of the collimated light emitted by the light direction modulation module.

[0091] In one embodiment, each collimating lens covers one LED lamp bead among multiple LED lamp beads, and the LED lamp bead is located in the area covered by the corresponding collimating lens, except for the main optical axis of the collimating lens, so that the collimated light emitted by the LED after being modulated by the collimating lens can have an inclined direction (with respect to the main optical axis of the collimating lens).

[0092] In one embodiment, each collimating lens covers one LED lamp bead among the plurality of LED lamp beads, and the LED lamp bead is located on a main optical axis of the corresponding collimating lens.

[0093] In one embodiment, each collimating lens can cover at least two LED lamp beads among multiple LED lamp beads, and the display information carried by the light emitted by at least two LED lamp beads is the same, so that the collimated light emitted from the collimating lens and carrying the same display information can have multiple tilt directions, so that after being modulated by the light direction modulation module, the collimated light carrying the same information can cover a larger range.

[0094] The technical solution provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure utilizes multiple collimating lenses to modulate the divergent light emitted by multiple LED lamp beads and carrying display information into collimated light. A light direction modulation module is then used to modulate the direction of the collimated light carrying the display information to change the angle at which the light carrying the display information is emitted. Compared to directly collimating the divergent light emitted by the LED lamp beads after being modulated by lenses, this increases the main lobe angle of the LED display device, thereby increasing the corresponding visible area of ​​the LED display device. Subsequently, a collimated light output module is used to expand the range corresponding to the collimated light emitted from the light direction modulation module, allowing the light emitted by the LED display device to cover a larger range, further increasing the corresponding visible area of ​​the LED display device. This achieves a large and continuous visible area in naked-eye 3D scenes, thereby meeting the needs of multiple people viewing and mobile viewing.

[0095] The light direction modulation module can be any module that can control the propagation direction of light. For example, the light direction modulation module can be a module that is implemented based on acousto-optic, electro-optic, liquid crystal phased array, liquid crystal deflection grating, etc., which can change the propagation direction of light.

[0096] In one embodiment, the light direction modulation module can be as shown in FIG. Figure 11 As shown, it includes: an OC flat layer 1101, a liquid crystal deflection layer 1102, an upper alignment layer 1103, a lower alignment layer 1104, an upper deflection electrode layer 1105, a lower deflection electrode layer 1106, an upper substrate 1107 and a lower substrate 1108.

[0097] The OC flattening layer 1101 covers multiple collimating lenses. An upper alignment layer 1103 and a lower alignment layer 1104 are located above and below the liquid crystal deflection layer 1102. An upper deflection electrode layer 1105 is located above the upper alignment layer 1103. A lower deflection electrode layer 1106 is located below the lower alignment layer 1104. An upper substrate 1107 is located above the upper deflection electrode layer 1105. A lower substrate 1108 is located below the lower deflection electrode layer 1106.

[0098] The upper deflection electrode layer 1105 and the lower deflection electrode layer 1106 are used to modulate the equivalent refractive index of the liquid crystal deflection layer 1102 by voltage, so as to modulate the direction of the collimated light emitted from each collimating lens.

[0099] By applying different voltages to the liquid crystal deflection layer 1102 via the upper deflection electrode layer 1105 and the lower deflection electrode layer 1106, the liquid crystal deflection layer 1102 can have different equivalent refractive indices. This allows collimated light with the same incident direction to have different exit directions after being modulated by the liquid crystal deflection layer 1102.

[0100] Figure 11 The specific functional implementation of the corresponding light direction modulation module can be found in the description of the light direction modulation module in the above-mentioned embodiment of the liquid crystal display device, and will not be repeated here.

[0101] By applying different voltages to the liquid crystal deflection layer 1102 at different times, the collimated polarized light emitted by the light direction modulation module can have different propagation directions, thereby achieving main lobe splicing without reducing the resolution, expanding the main lobe angle of the liquid crystal display device, eliminating the reverse viewing area, and increasing the corresponding visible range of the LED display device, so that the naked-eye 3D implemented based on the LED display device can better support multi-person viewing and mobile viewing.

[0102] In one embodiment, Figure 12 As shown, the collimated light output module may include: a diffusion layer 1201 , a spacer glass 1202 and a lens layer 1203 .

[0103] The diffusion layer 1201 is used to diffuse the collimated light emitted from the light direction modulation module. The spacer glass 1202 is used to propagate the divergent light emitted from the diffusion layer 1201. The lens layer 1203 is used to modulate the divergent light emitted from the spacer glass 1202 into collimated light. The focal points of the lenses in the lens layer 1203 are located on the light-incoming surface of the diffusion layer 1201.

[0104] The collimated light emitted from the light direction modulation module is dispersed into divergent light in the diffusion layer 1201, and then propagates through the spacer glass 1202. The range corresponding to the divergent light is expanded compared to the collimated light before dispersion. Afterwards, the lens in the lens layer 1203 modulates the divergent light that has propagated through the spacer glass 1202 into collimated light for emission. Therefore, the collimated light emitted after modulation by the lens layer 1203 can correspond to a larger range than the collimated light emitted from the light direction modulation module. Through the coordination of multiple collimating lenses, light direction modulation modules, and collimated light output modules, the collimated light emitted by the LED display device can cover a larger range, further increasing the corresponding visible area of ​​the LED display device, and realizing a large and continuous visible area in the naked eye 3D display scene, thereby meeting the needs of multi-person viewing and mobile viewing.

[0105] about Figure 12For the description of the corresponding collimated light output module, reference may be made to the description of the collimated light output module in the above-mentioned embodiment corresponding to the liquid crystal display device, which will not be repeated here.

[0106] Take a collimating lens corresponding to two LED lamp beads as an example, Figure 13 As shown, the LED display device provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure may include: a plurality of LED lamp beads 1301, a plurality of collimating lenses 1302, an OC flat layer 1101, a liquid crystal deflection layer 1102, an upper orientation layer 1103, a lower orientation layer 1104, an upper deflection electrode layer 1105, a lower deflection electrode layer 1106, an upper substrate 1107, a lower substrate 1108, a diffusion layer 1201, a spacer glass 1202 and a lens layer 1203.

[0107] Figure 13 The functions of the various components can be found in the above description of the LED display device and will not be repeated here.

[0108] It should be noted that Figure 13 FIG. 1 shows the path of light emitted from two LED lamp beads under one of the multiple collimating lenses 1302 when a certain voltage is applied to the liquid crystal deflection layer 1102 .

[0109] In one embodiment, the voltage applied to the liquid crystal deflection layer 1102 is periodic, and each voltage cycle includes multiple time periods, and the voltage values ​​corresponding to any two moments in each time period are the same. For example, the voltage cycle of the voltage applied to the liquid crystal deflection layer 1102 includes three time periods.

[0110] In one embodiment, by configuring the position of each collimating lens in the plurality of collimating lenses 1302 and the voltage value of each voltage in the voltage cycle applied to the liquid crystal deflection layer 1102, the region from which the light emitted by each LED bead exits from the light-emitting surface of the liquid crystal deflection layer 1102 can be controlled. Furthermore, by controlling the diffusion angle of the light by the diffusion layer 1201, the corresponding lens from which the light emitted by each LED bead exits the LED display device can be controlled.

[0111] By controlling the light emitted from the LED beads corresponding to each lens in lens layer 1203, and by applying different voltages to liquid crystal deflection layer 1031, the main lobe can be spliced, eliminating the reverse viewing zone and increasing the visual range of the corresponding LED display device. This allows naked-eye 3D display based on this LED display device to better support multi-person and mobile viewing. The LED beads corresponding to the lenses are located in the same position under multiple collimating lenses.

[0112] Other embodiments of the present disclosure will readily occur to those skilled in the art after considering the specification and practicing the invention disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the present disclosure that follow the general principles of the present disclosure and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art not disclosed herein. The description and examples are to be considered as exemplary only, with the true scope of the present disclosure being indicated by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A liquid crystal display device, characterized in that: include: Collimated backlight module, used to provide collimated polarized light; a two-dimensional display module, configured to modulate the collimated polarized light emitted by the collimated backlight module, so that the collimated polarized light modulated by the two-dimensional display module carries display information; a light direction modulation module, configured to modulate the direction of the collimated polarized light emitted from the two-dimensional display module; A collimated light output module, used to expand the range corresponding to the collimated polarized light emitted from the light direction modulation module; The optical direction modulation module includes: liquid crystal deflection layer; an upper alignment layer and a lower alignment layer located on the upper and lower sides of the liquid crystal deflection layer; an upper deflection electrode layer located above the upper alignment layer, and a lower deflection electrode layer located below the lower alignment layer; an upper substrate covering the upper deflection electrode layer; Among them, the upper deflection electrode layer and the lower deflection electrode layer are used to modulate the equivalent refractive index of the liquid crystal deflection layer by applying different voltages at different time periods, so as to modulate the direction of the collimated polarized light emitted from the two-dimensional display module, so that the angle of the emitted collimated polarized light changes periodically, thereby achieving splicing of the main lobe and increasing the visible area of ​​the display device.

2. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, wherein The collimated backlight module comprises: Light guide plate; a collimated backlight source, disposed on the light incident side of the light guide plate, for coupling collimated light into the light guide plate; a total reflection layer covering the light emitting surface of the light guide plate, wherein the refractive index of the total reflection layer is lower than the refractive index of the light guide plate, so that the collimated light emitted from the collimated backlight source is totally reflected and propagated within the light guide plate, and the total reflection layer has a light extraction port corresponding to each pixel opening in the two-dimensional display module, so that the collimated light propagating within the light guide plate is emitted into the corresponding pixel opening through the light extraction port; an optoelectronic isolator OC flat layer, covering the total reflection layer, wherein a difference between a refractive index of the OC flat layer and a refractive index of the light guide plate is less than a refractive index threshold; Polarizer, used to modulate collimated light into collimated polarized light.

3. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 2, wherein The polarizer is disposed between the light guide plate and the collimated backlight source to modulate the collimated light incident from the collimated backlight source onto the light guide plate into collimated polarized light; Alternatively, the polarizer is covered on the OC flat layer to modulate the collimated light emitted from the OC flat layer into collimated polarized light.

4. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, wherein The collimated light output module includes: a diffusion layer, configured to diffuse the collimated polarized light emitted from the light direction modulation module; a spacer glass for transmitting the divergent polarized light emitted through the diffusion layer; The lens layer is used to modulate the divergent polarized light emitted from the spacer glass into collimated polarized light, wherein the focus of the lens in the lens layer is located at the light incident surface of the diffusion layer.

5. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 4, wherein The lenses in the lens layer are micro lenses; Alternatively, the lenses in the lens layer are cylindrical lenses.

6. The liquid crystal display device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: Also includes: The isolation substrate is configured between the two-dimensional display module and the light direction modulation module.

7. A light emitting diode (LED) display device, characterized in that: include: Multiple LED lamp beads, used to emit light that carries display information; a plurality of collimating lenses, for modulating light emitted by the LED lamp beads into collimated light, each collimating lens covering at least one LED lamp bead among the plurality of LED lamp beads, and the light emitted by the at least one LED lamp bead carries the same display information; a light direction modulation module, configured to modulate the direction of the collimated light emitted from each of the plurality of collimating lenses; A collimated light output module, used to expand the range corresponding to the collimated light emitted from the light direction modulation module; The optical direction modulation module includes: an optoelectronic isolator OC flat layer, covering the plurality of collimating lenses; liquid crystal deflection layer; an upper alignment layer and a lower alignment layer located on the upper and lower sides of the liquid crystal deflection layer; an upper deflection electrode layer located above the upper alignment layer, and a lower deflection electrode layer located below the lower alignment layer; an upper substrate located above the upper deflection electrode layer, and a lower substrate located below the lower deflection electrode layer; Among them, the upper deflection electrode layer and the lower deflection electrode layer are used to modulate the equivalent refractive index of the liquid crystal deflection layer by applying different voltages at different time periods, so as to modulate the direction of the collimated light emitted from each collimating lens, so that the angle of the emitted collimated light changes periodically, thereby realizing the splicing of the main lobe and increasing the visible area of ​​the display device.

8. The LED display device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The collimated light output module includes: a diffusion layer, configured to diffuse the collimated light emitted from the light direction modulation module; Spacer glass, used for transmitting the divergent light emitted through the diffusion layer; The lens layer is used to modulate the divergent light emitted from the spacer glass into collimated light, wherein the focus of the lens in the lens layer is located at the light incident surface of the diffusion layer.

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