Antenna module, laminated assembly, communication device and vehicle

Abstract

This application relates to an antenna module, a stacked assembly, a communication device, and a vehicle. The antenna module includes a first radiating element and a second radiating element formed on a transparent dielectric substrate. The first radiating element has a first feed point for receiving an excitation signal and multiple first hollow areas to support the transmission of multiple first frequency bands of radio frequency signals under the excitation signal. The second radiating element has a second feed point for receiving the excitation signal and supports the transmission of at least one second frequency band of radio frequency signals under the excitation signal. This antenna module has wide bandwidth coverage, high gain, and, due to the hollow area arrangement, minimal impact on light transmission and facilitates miniaturization design. It can be flexibly installed on a transparent dielectric substrate, such as automotive glass, reducing interference from the in-vehicle environment and improving communication performance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of radio frequency technology, and in particular to an antenna module, a stacked assembly, a communication device, and a vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of new-generation technologies, a multi-dimensional information interaction network system is gradually taking shape, connecting vehicles with other vehicles, people, highways, and the cloud. This information interaction relies heavily on communication technologies, and with the development of 5G technology, its applications in vehicle-to-everything (V2X) scenarios are increasing.

[0003] Currently, vehicle-mounted 5G antennas are mainly placed inside the shark fin antenna on the roof. Due to space constraints, the antenna size is small, and communication performance cannot be guaranteed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide an antenna module, a stacked assembly, a communication device, and a vehicle with good communication performance.

[0005] Firstly, an antenna module is provided, comprising:

[0006] A first radiating unit is formed on a transparent dielectric substrate and is provided with a first feed point. The first feed point is used to receive an excitation signal. The first radiating unit is formed with a plurality of first hollow areas to support the transmission of radio frequency signals in multiple first frequency bands under the excitation of the excitation signal.

[0007] The second radiating element is formed on a transparent dielectric substrate and has a second feed point. The second feed point is used to receive an excitation signal. The second radiating element is used to support the transmission of radio frequency signals in at least one second frequency band under the excitation of the excitation signal.

[0008] In one embodiment, at least one of the first frequency band radio frequency signal and the second frequency band radio frequency signal includes a 5G signal.

[0009] In one embodiment, the first frequency band includes a low frequency band, and the second frequency band includes a mid-high frequency band and an ultra-high frequency band.

[0010] In one embodiment, the first radiating element includes:

[0011] A first radiating arm and a second radiating arm are arranged in different directions and connected to each other. The first radiating arm has multiple first hollow areas, and the first power supply point is arranged on the second radiating arm.

[0012] In one embodiment, the second radiating element is formed with at least one second hollow region to support multiple second frequency band radio frequency signals under the excitation of an excitation signal.

[0013] In one embodiment, the second radiating element includes:

[0014] A third radiating arm and a fourth radiating arm are arranged in different directions and connected to each other, wherein the third radiating arm includes at least one second hollow area and the second feed point is arranged on the fourth radiating arm.

[0015] In one embodiment, when the first radiating unit includes a first radiating arm and a second radiating arm, the third radiating arm extends in the same direction as the first radiating arm, the fourth radiating arm extends in opposite directions as the second radiating arm, and the fourth radiating arm and the second radiating arm are close to each other and spaced apart.

[0016] In one embodiment, the first feed point and the second feed point are welded together at a gap.

[0017] In one embodiment, the first radiating arm includes:

[0018] A first radial branch that is enclosed, a portion of which is connected to a second radial arm;

[0019] The second radial branch is connected to multiple different points on the first radial branch.

[0020] In one embodiment, the first radiating arm further includes:

[0021] The third radiating branch is connected to a point on the second radiating branch and a point on the first radiating branch, respectively.

[0022] Secondly, a stacked component is provided, comprising:

[0023] Transparent dielectric substrate;

[0024] The aforementioned antenna module is formed on a transparent dielectric substrate.

[0025] In one embodiment, when the first radiating unit includes a second radiating arm and the second radiating unit includes a fourth radiating arm, the second radiating arm and the fourth radiating arm are disposed in the non-light-receiving area of ​​the transparent dielectric substrate.

[0026] In one embodiment, the transparent dielectric substrate includes at least one glass plate, and the antenna module is formed on the same glass plate.

[0027] Thirdly, a communication device is provided, including the aforementioned antenna module.

[0028] Fourthly, a vehicle is provided, comprising: at least one of the aforementioned stacked components, the stacked components being mounted on a vehicle body; and / or, the aforementioned communication device.

[0029] In the aforementioned antenna module, stacked assembly, communication equipment, and vehicle, the antenna module includes a first radiating element and a second radiating element formed on a transparent dielectric substrate. The first radiating element, under the excitation of a feed current, utilizes multiple first hollow areas to form feed paths of multiple lengths, supporting the transmission of multiple first frequency band radio frequency signals and facilitating miniaturization. Simultaneously, the second radiating element, under the excitation signal, also supports the transmission of a second frequency band radio frequency signal, improving the antenna module's frequency band coverage and communication performance. Furthermore, the hollow design of the first radiating element reduces light obstruction by the antenna module, allowing the first and second radiating elements to be flexibly positioned on the transparent dielectric substrate, enhancing the antenna module's communication performance without affecting its transparent light-receiving function. Attached Figure Description

[0030] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the conventional technology, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the conventional technology will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0031] Figure 1 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of an antenna module according to an embodiment;

[0032] Figure 2 This is a second schematic diagram of the structure of an antenna module according to one embodiment;

[0033] Figure 3 This is a VSWR curve of an antenna module according to one embodiment;

[0034] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna efficiency curve of an antenna module according to one embodiment;

[0035] Figure 5 This is a gain diagram of an antenna module according to one embodiment;

[0036] Figure 6a The radiation pattern of an antenna module in one embodiment at 800MHz is shown.

[0037] Figure 6b The radiation pattern of an antenna module in one embodiment at 2150MHz;

[0038] Figure 6c The radiation pattern of an antenna module in one embodiment at 3450MHz is shown.

[0039] Figure 6d The radiation pattern of an antenna module in one embodiment at 4900MHz is shown.

[0040] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of a stacked component according to one embodiment;

[0041] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device according to an embodiment. Detailed Implementation

[0042] To facilitate understanding of this application, a more complete description will be provided below with reference to the accompanying drawings, which illustrate embodiments of the present application. However, the present application can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that the disclosure of this application will be thorough and complete.

[0043] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application.

[0044] It is understood that the terms "first," "second," etc., used in this application may be used to describe various elements herein, but these elements are not limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another. For example, without departing from the scope of this application, a first radiating element may be referred to as a second radiating element, and similarly, a second radiating element may be referred to as a first radiating element. Both the first and second radiating elements are radiating elements, but they are not the same radiating element. In the following embodiments, "connection" should be understood as "electrical connection," "communication connection," etc., if the connected circuits, modules, units, etc., have the transmission of electrical signals or data between them. It is understood that "multiple" refers to two or more.

[0045] 5G antennas play a crucial role as part of the vehicle-to-everything (V2X) network. One approach, placing the 5G antenna within the car's roof fin, is limited by space constraints, resulting in a small antenna size and low efficiency. Conversely, embedding the 5G antenna inside a plastic box within the vehicle is susceptible to interference from the in-vehicle environment. Furthermore, external communication requires overcoming losses from the box itself and electromagnetic wave penetration through glass, further impacting communication performance.

[0046] This application provides a communication device that can meet communication performance requirements while also satisfying light transmittance requirements, thereby improving the user experience. This communication device can be used in smart cars, in-vehicle devices, computer equipment, or other processing devices connected to a wireless modem.

[0047] In response to this, such as Figure 1As shown, an antenna module is provided, including: a first radiating element 210 and a second radiating element 220.

[0048] The first radiating unit 210 is formed on the transparent dielectric substrate 100 and has a first feed point 211 for receiving an excitation signal. The first radiating unit 210 has multiple first cutout regions to support the transmission of multiple first frequency band radio frequency signals under the excitation signal. The second radiating unit 220 is formed on the transparent dielectric substrate 100 and has a second feed point 221 for receiving an excitation signal. The second radiating unit 220 supports the transmission of at least one second frequency band radio frequency signals under the excitation signal.

[0049] A radiating unit refers to a structure capable of supporting electromagnetic wave transmission. The branch length and shape of the radiating unit are determined based on the principle that the first radiating unit 210 can support radio frequency signal transmission in the first frequency band and the second radiating unit 220 can support radio frequency signal transmission in the second frequency band. Silver can be used as the material for the radiating unit due to its excellent conductivity. The aforementioned radiating unit is formed by printing silver onto a transparent dielectric substrate 100.

[0050] The transparent dielectric substrate 100 refers to a substrate with good light transmittance, such as a glass plate or a PVC (Polyvinyl chloride) transparent plastic plate. The feed point refers to the electrical connection point used to connect to the feed source to receive the excitation signal provided by the feed source.

[0051] The excitation signal can be understood as the feed current, which is provided by the feed source and flows into the first radiation unit 210 from the first feed point 211 and into the second radiation unit 220 from the second feed point 221. It is transmitted to the ends of the two radiation units. During the transmission of the feed current on the feed path of the corresponding radiation unit, electromagnetic waves are generated to communicate with external devices.

[0052] Specifically, the antenna module provided in this application includes a first radiating element 210 and a second radiating element 220 formed on a transparent dielectric substrate 100. The first radiating element 210, under the excitation of a feed current, utilizes multiple first hollow areas to form feed paths of multiple lengths, supporting the transmission of multiple first frequency band radio frequency signals and facilitating miniaturization. Simultaneously, the second radiating element 220, under the excitation signal, also supports the transmission of a second frequency band radio frequency signal, improving the frequency band coverage of the antenna module and enhancing communication performance. Furthermore, the hollow design of the first radiating element 210 reduces light obstruction by the antenna module, allowing the first and second radiating elements 210 and 220 to be flexibly arranged on the transparent dielectric substrate 100, improving the communication performance of the antenna module without affecting its transparent light-receiving function.

[0053] In one embodiment, the first and second frequency bands can be determined based on communication requirements. For example, the first and second frequency bands can be frequency bands under various network standards, such as 2G, 3G, 4G, 5G SA (Standalone) and NSA (Non-Standalone) networks, as well as Wi-Fi networks.

[0054] The wireless communication between the aforementioned antenna module and other devices can use any communication standard or protocol, including but not limited to Global System for Mobile communication (GSM), General Packet Radio Service (GPRS), Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA), Long Term Evolution (LTE), email, Short Messaging Service (SMS), etc.

[0055] In one embodiment, at least one of the radio frequency signals in the first frequency band and the second frequency band includes a 5G signal. Compared to 4G, 5G can provide higher speeds, lower latency, more connections, faster mobility, higher security, and more flexible service deployment capabilities. When this antenna module is applied to a transparent substrate 100 such as automotive glass, it can provide superior communication performance, laying the foundation for the realization and improvement of vehicle-to-everything (V2X) functionality.

[0056] Optionally, both the first and second frequency band radio frequency signals include 5G signals to support the transmission of radio frequency signals in multiple 5G frequency bands.

[0057] In one embodiment, the first frequency band includes a low-frequency band, and the second frequency band includes a mid-high frequency band and an ultra-high frequency band. The higher the frequency, the smaller the required electrical length; the lower the frequency, the larger the required electrical length. The electrical length is directly proportional to the feed path size provided by the radiating element, by providing, for example... Figure 1 The antenna module shown supports RF signal transmission in 5G low-frequency, mid-high-frequency, and ultra-high-frequency bands, achieving full-band 5G coverage.

[0058] Optionally, the first and second frequency bands working together can cover the 619-960MHz, 1710-2690MHz, 3300-3800MHz, and 4800-5000MHz frequency bands of 5G. The antenna module has a wide coverage bandwidth and supports the transmission and reception of 5G signals in different frequency bands. For example, the first frequency band may include N28, and the second frequency band may specifically include N41, N77, N78, N79, etc.

[0059] In one embodiment, the first frequency band may also include a mid-to-high frequency band, that is, the first frequency band and the second frequency band may include the same frequency band.

[0060] In one implementation, the first frequency band may include multiple low-frequency bands, and the radio frequency signals of the multiple low-frequency bands may include low-frequency signals from different frequency bands of 2G, 3G, 4G, and 5G signals. The second frequency band may include multiple mid-high frequency bands and ultra-high frequency bands, and the signals of the multiple mid-high frequency bands and ultra-high frequency bands may also include radio frequency signals from the mid-high frequency bands and ultra-high frequency bands of 2G, 3G, 4G, and 5G signals.

[0061] For example, such as Figure 1 In the structure shown, the first frequency band may include 619-960MHz and 1710-2690MHz. The second frequency band may include 1710-2690MHz and 3300-3800MHz.

[0062] In one embodiment, the first radiating element 210 includes a first radiating arm 212 and a second radiating arm 213 arranged in different directions and interconnected, wherein the first radiating arm 212 forms a plurality of first hollow areas, and a first feed point 211 is disposed on the second radiating arm 213. Based on the first radiating arm 212 and the second radiating arm 213 arranged in different directions, feed paths in multiple directions can be provided, thereby supporting the transmission of radio frequency signals in multiple directions and improving the communication performance of the antenna module in various directions.

[0063] The second radiating arm 213 and the second radiating unit 220 are arranged close to each other so as to reduce the length of the feeder wires when the feeder signal is connected to the first radiating unit 210 and the second radiating unit 220 respectively.

[0064] Optionally, at least a portion of the second radiating arm 213 may be disposed on the transparent dielectric substrate 100 covering the area of ​​the second radiating element 220, and the radiating branches of the second radiating arm 213 and the second radiating element 220 are spaced apart. This arrangement helps to reduce the area occupied by the antenna device on the transparent dielectric substrate 100, which on the one hand facilitates miniaturization design, and on the other hand helps to further reduce the impact on the light transmittance of the transparent dielectric substrate 100.

[0065] In one embodiment, the second radiating unit 220 is formed with at least one second hollow area to support multiple second frequency band radio frequency signals under the excitation of an excitation signal.

[0066] The first and second hollowed-out regions can both be understood as hollowed-out regions, but they belong to different radiating units. The "first" and "second" here are used to distinguish the differences in the radiating units to which they belong. The shape of the hollowed-out region can be a rectangle, triangle, or other polygons, or it can be a circle, ellipse, etc. The specific shape of the hollowed-out region is determined by the principle that its electrical length can support the transmission of radio frequency signals in the first and second frequency bands.

[0067] The second radiating element 220 also utilizes a hollowed-out area design. The radiating branches forming the hollowed-out area can provide multiple feed paths from the second feed point 221 to the end of the second radiating element 220 to support the transmission of multiple second-frequency band radio frequency signals. In conjunction with the first radiating element 210, it can achieve the transmission of signals across multiple frequency bands in a small-size design. Furthermore, the radiating branches forming the hollowed-out area have different directions, further supporting the radiation performance of the antenna module in different directions, balancing multi-band coverage and multi-directional radiation, and improving communication performance. Moreover, the hollowed-out design of the second radiating element 220 can further reduce the impact of the antenna module on the light transmittance of the transparent dielectric substrate 100, allowing the antenna module to be flexibly placed in various areas on the transparent dielectric substrate 100, including light-receiving and non-light-receiving areas.

[0068] In one embodiment, the second radiating unit 220 includes a third radiating arm 222 and a fourth radiating arm 223 arranged in different directions and connected to each other, wherein the third radiating arm 222 includes at least one second hollow area and the second feed point 221 is disposed on the fourth radiating arm 223.

[0069] Similar to the first radiating element 210, the second radiating element 220 contains two third radiating arms 222 and a fourth radiating arm 223 arranged in different directions, supporting the antenna module to radiate in multiple directions to achieve strong radiation in multiple directions. The aforementioned second hollow area can be formed on the third radiating arm 222, while the second feed point 221 is formed on the fourth radiating arm 223. The fourth radiating arm 223 can be a solid structure to provide more favorable conditions for the formation of the feed point and the access of the feed signal, ensuring the stability of the connection between the second feed point 221 and the feed source. The beneficial effects of setting the first feed point 211 on the second radiating arm 213 can be understood similarly to the beneficial effects described here, and will not be elaborated further.

[0070] In one embodiment, the second radiating arm 213 and the fourth radiating arm 223 can be arranged close to each other, which is beneficial for the wiring of the feed lines from the feed source to the first feed point 211 and the second feed point 221, saving wiring space and wiring length, thereby reducing costs.

[0071] In one embodiment, when the first radiation unit 210 includes a first radiation arm 212 and a second radiation arm 213, the third radiation arm 222 extends in the same direction as the first radiation arm 212, the fourth radiation arm 223 extends in opposite directions as the second radiation arm 213, and the fourth radiation arm 223 and the second radiation arm 213 are close to each other and spaced apart.

[0072] The first radiating arm 212 and the third radiating arm 222 extend in the same direction, for example, forming a generally parallel structure. Optionally, the extension lengths of the first radiating arm 212 and the third radiating arm 222 are different to provide different electrical lengths. For example, the extension length of the first radiating arm 212 is greater than the extension length of the third radiating arm 222. In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, both ends of the third radiating arm 222 are within the extension range of the first radiating arm 212. In this case, the extension length of the first radiating arm 212 is the maximum size of the antenna module in that direction. For example, as... Figure 2 As shown, in one embodiment, the extension length of the first radiating arm 212 can be 125 mm, and the extension length of the third radiating arm 222 is significantly less than the length of the first radiating arm 212.

[0073] The second and fourth radiating arms 213 and 223 extend in opposite directions. For example, the second radiating arm 213 extends in the direction of the third radiating arm 222, and the fourth radiating arm 223 extends in the direction of the first radiating arm 212. It should be understood that the opposite extension directions here refer to the overall extension directions being opposite, which does not exclude situations such as... Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the second radiating arm 213 extends a section along the extension direction of the first radiating arm 212 before extending towards the direction of the third radiating arm 222. The second radiating arm 213 and the fourth radiating arm 223 are arranged close to each other and spaced apart. This structural arrangement provides space for the feed to be connected to the first radiating unit 210 and the second radiating unit 220 respectively, and also facilitates centralized power feeding and reduces power feeding wiring. Figure 2 In the structure shown, the first radiating element 210 and the second radiating element 220 are Figure 2 The horizontal dimension from a viewing angle is 41.5mm, and the external dimensions of the antenna device are 125mm*41.5mm. The small size and printing area save costs.

[0074] In one embodiment, the first feed point 211 and the second feed point 221 are welded together at a gap. When the first feed point 211 and the second feed point 221 are directly welded, the first radiating element 210 and the second radiating element 220 form a monopole structure. When the structures of the first radiating element 210 and the second radiating element 220 are different, they form an asymmetric monopole structure. The second radiating arm 213 and the fourth radiating arm 223 share a feed point and form feed paths in opposite directions along that feed point, thus forming a dipole structure. When the structures of the second radiating arm 213 and the fourth radiating arm 223 are different, they form an asymmetric dipole structure. The dipole structure formed by the second radiating arm 213 and the fourth radiating arm 223 can be used to support the transmission of ultra-high frequency (UHF) signals, for example, supporting the transmission of signals in the 4800-5000MHz band, realizing bandwidth expansion in the UHF band, and supporting communication in the N79 band.

[0075] Among them, the monopole structure requires less input power, which is conducive to the realization of ultra-wide bandwidth, while the dipole structure is conducive to bandwidth expansion and efficiency improvement. The combination of the two can improve the bandwidth coverage and radiation efficiency of the antenna module.

[0076] In one embodiment, the first metal trace forming the first hollow area in the first radiating arm 212 is a mesh structure. The mesh shape can be rectangular, rhomboid, circular, etc. With this mesh structure, the first radiating arm 212 can further reduce light obstruction, and the cost and weight of the antenna module can be further reduced.

[0077] In one embodiment, the second metal trace forming the second hollow area in the second radiating arm 213 is a mesh structure. Similar to the first radiating arm 212, the second metal trace in the second radiating arm 213 can also be a mesh structure to further reduce light occlusion and lower costs.

[0078] In one embodiment, the first radiating arm 212 includes an enclosed first radiating branch 2121 and a second radiating branch 2122. A portion of the first radiating branch 2121 is connected to the second radiating arm 213; the second radiating branch 2122 is connected to a plurality of different points on the first radiating branch 2121.

[0079] Radiation branches can be formed by high-temperature sintering of metallic materials on a transparent dielectric substrate 100. For example... Figure 1 As shown, within the hollow area formed by the enclosed first radial branch 2121, a second radial branch 2122 can be formed. Multiple ends of the second radial branch 2122 are respectively connected to multiple points on the first radial branch 2121 to form a structure as shown. Figure 1The cross-shaped or other shaped second radiating branch 2122, as shown, provides feed paths of multiple directions and lengths to support radio frequency signal transmission in multiple first frequency bands. For example, it is advantageous for supporting low-frequency radio frequency signal transmission in the 619-960MHz band and improving transmission efficiency.

[0080] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, the first radiating arm 212 further includes a third radiating stub 2123. The third radiating stub 2123 is connected to a point on the second radiating stub 2122 and a point on the first radiating stub 2121, respectively. This provides more diverse feeding paths and enables support for different frequency band radio frequency signals under different electrical lengths.

[0081] Optionally, the length of the third radiating stub 2123 differs from both the length of the first radiating stub 2121 and the length of the second radiating stub 2122. By further providing a third radiating stub 2123 with a length different from both the first and second radiating stubs 2121 and 2122, more different frequency bands of radio frequency signal transmission can be supported. For example, the length of the third radiating stub 2123 is less than the length of the first radiating stub 2121 and less than the total length of the second radiating stub 2122 to achieve high-frequency 5G signal transmission. For example, the third radiating stub 2123 can be used to improve the radio frequency signal transmission performance in the 1710-2690MHz frequency band.

[0082] In one embodiment, it should be understood that the area of ​​the aforementioned hollowed-out area is larger than the area of ​​the metal traces in the radiating unit. That is, for the first radiating arm 212 and the third radiating arm 222, a large number of hollowed-out areas are provided on the radiating arm, resulting in high light transmittance.

[0083] To better illustrate the implementation process and beneficial effects of the antenna module provided in the embodiments of this application, hereby, Figure 1 Let's take the specific structure as an example to illustrate.

[0084] Under this structural setup, antenna testing was conducted, and the results were as follows: Figure 3 The VSWR curve shown is available in [reference]. Figure 3 It can be seen that the VSWR of this antenna module is below 2.8 and the reflectivity is about 20% in the 619-960MHz frequency band (within the m1-m2 range), indicating good impedance matching. In the 1710-2690MHz frequency band (within the m3-m4 range), the VSWR is below 2.5, indicating good impedance matching performance. In the 3300-3800MHz range (from m5 to the horizontal axis 3.8), the VSWR is less than 1.8, and in the 4800-5000MHz range (within the m7-m8 range in the figure), the VSWR is below 2.3. Therefore, the antenna module exhibits good impedance matching performance and low feeder loss across all frequency bands (multiple first and second frequency bands).

[0085] See Figure 4 Within the aforementioned frequency bands, the antenna efficiency of the antenna module ranges from 40% to nearly 80%, demonstrating high efficiency. Specifically, the antenna efficiency is greater than 40% in the 619-960MHz band, greater than 50% in the 1710-2690MHz band, greater than 48% in the 3300-3800MHz band, and greater than 40% in the 4800-5000MHz band. It is evident that the antenna module provided in this application embodiment exhibits excellent antenna efficiency across all frequency bands.

[0086] Further, see Figure 5 It can be seen that the antenna module gain is relatively high within the aforementioned frequency bands. Specifically, the average gain is >3dBi in the 619-960MHz band, >3dBi in the 1710-2690MHz band, >4dBi in the 3300-3800MHz band, and >4dBi in the 4800-5000MHz band.

[0087] As shown in Figure 6, the antenna module described above can provide strong radiation in multiple directions across various frequency bands, for example, Figure 6a As shown, omnidirectional radiation can be achieved at 800MHz, with good consistency in radiation intensity across all directions. Similarly, see... Figure 6b The radiation pattern shown is for 2150MHz. Figure 6c The radiation pattern shown at 3450MHz, and Figure 6d The radiation pattern shown at 4900MHz verifies that the antenna module provided in this application embodiment can support multi-directional radiation in different frequency bands and has good communication performance.

[0088] The antenna module provided in this application embodiment has a wide bandwidth coverage and high gain. With its hollowed-out area, it has high light transmittance and minimal impact on lighting, making it suitable for transparent substrates 100 such as windshields, rear windows, sunroofs, and corner windows of vehicles. Furthermore, since it does not completely obstruct the field of vision, it can be applied to transparent areas of vehicle windows. Transmission is directly transmitted outward through the transparent substrate 100, reducing interference from the vehicle's interior environment. The complementary shapes and hollowed-out design of the first radiating element 210 and the second radiating element 220 of the antenna module result in a small total printing area, further saving costs.

[0089] In one embodiment, a stacked component 1 is also provided, such as Figure 7 As shown, it includes: a transparent dielectric substrate 100 and the aforementioned antenna module 200.

[0090] The antenna module 200 is formed on the transparent dielectric substrate 100. The antenna module 200 can be formed on the transparent dielectric substrate 100 by high-temperature sintering, bonding, or other methods. For example, when the transparent dielectric substrate 100 is a glass plate, the antenna module 200 can be formed by printing metallic silver paste onto the glass plate.

[0091] The stacked assembly 1, equipped with the aforementioned antenna module 200, can be mounted on the transparent dielectric substrate 100 without affecting light-gathering performance due to the miniaturized design of the antenna module 200 and its support for multi-band signal transmission. Furthermore, based on the arrangement and cooperation of the first radiating element 210 and the second radiating element 220, it supports the transmission of radio frequency signals across multiple frequency bands, improving communication performance. Its openwork design allows the antenna module 200 to be positioned within the light-gathering area of ​​the transparent dielectric substrate 100 (the light-gathering area can be any area on the transparent dielectric substrate 100 primarily used to provide light for the user), making its placement more flexible.

[0092] In one embodiment, a dielectric material with a high dielectric constant may be added to the transparent dielectric substrate 100 to facilitate the miniaturization design of the antenna module 200 while achieving the same communication performance.

[0093] In one embodiment, when the first radiating unit 210 includes a second radiating arm 213 and the second radiating unit 220 includes a fourth radiating arm 223, the second radiating arm 213 and the fourth radiating arm 223 are disposed in a non-light-transmitting area of ​​the transparent dielectric substrate 100. The second radiating arm 213 and the fourth radiating arm 223 can be in a solid structure and can be disposed in a non-light-transmitting area, such as the location of the glass shielding layer (e.g., the black edge) of the glass plate, to further improve the light transmittance of the stacked assembly 1.

[0094] In one embodiment, the transparent dielectric substrate 100 includes at least one glass plate, and the antenna module 200 is formed on the same glass plate. The glass plate can be primarily composed of silicon, a stable material. The antenna module 200 can be formed on the glass plate using a high-temperature sintering method with silver paste. The glass plate can be a single-layer glass plate or a multi-layer glass plate. The antenna module 200 can be positioned on the side of the glass plate closer to visible light to reduce electromagnetic wave loss through the glass. Optionally, a protective layer can be provided on the side of the antenna module 200 away from the glass plate. This protective layer can be made of a material with low electromagnetic wave loss to protect the antenna module 200 from damage.

[0095] In one embodiment, the multilayer glass plates form a laminated glass structure, and the antenna module 200 is formed on the inner surface of one of the glass plates. For example, the antenna module 200 can be disposed on the inner surface of the glass plate near the visible light incident side. This reduces electromagnetic wave loss and protects the antenna module 200, which helps to improve the service life of the laminated assembly 1.

[0096] In one embodiment, a radio frequency (RF) system is provided, including the aforementioned antenna module 200. The RF system equipped with the antenna module 200 can balance improved light transmittance and communication performance, making it suitable for applications such as vehicles.

[0097] In one embodiment, a communication device 10 is provided, including the radio frequency system described above.

[0098] The communication device 10 provided in this application embodiment may also include other circuit components. Taking the communication device 10 as a vehicle-mounted communication device as an example: Figure 8 This is a block diagram of a portion of the structure of an in-vehicle communication device related to the communication device 10 provided in the embodiments of this application. (Refer to...) Figure 8 The vehicle-mounted communication device 600 includes components such as an RF (Radio Frequency) circuit 610, a memory 620, an input unit 630, a display unit 640, a sensor 650, an audio circuit 660, a processor 670, and a power supply 680. Those skilled in the art will understand that... Figure 8 The structure of the vehicle communication device shown does not constitute a limitation on the vehicle communication device. It may include more or fewer components than shown, or combine certain components, or have different component arrangements.

[0099] The vehicle communication device 600 may also include at least one sensor 650, such as a motion sensor and other sensors. Specifically, the motion sensor may include an accelerometer, which can detect the magnitude of acceleration in various directions and, when stationary, detect the magnitude and direction of gravity, and can be used to identify the vehicle's direction of travel and speed, etc. In addition, the vehicle communication device may also be equipped with other sensors such as gyroscopes, thermometers, and infrared sensors.

[0100] Audio circuit 660, speaker 661, and microphone 662 provide an audio interface between the user and the vehicle communication device. Audio circuit 660, speaker 661, and microphone 662 can be integrated into the vehicle multimedia equipment. Audio circuit 660 converts received audio data into electrical signals and transmits them to speaker 661, where speaker 661 converts them into sound signals for output. On the other hand, microphone 662 converts collected sound signals into electrical signals, which are received by audio circuit 660, converted into audio data, and then processed by processor 680. The audio data can then be output to memory 620 via RF circuit 610 for further processing.

[0101] The processor 670 is the control center of the vehicle-mounted communication device. It connects various parts of the device via various interfaces and lines, and performs various functions and processes data by running or executing software programs and / or modules stored in the memory 620, and by calling data stored in the memory 620, thereby providing overall monitoring of the vehicle-mounted communication device. In one embodiment, the processor 670 may include one or more processing units. In one embodiment, the processor 670 may integrate an application processor and a modem processor, wherein the application processor mainly handles the operating system, user interface, and applications; and the modem processor mainly handles wireless communication. It is understood that the modem processor may not be integrated into the processor 670.

[0102] The vehicle communication device 600 also includes a power supply 680 (such as a battery) that supplies power to various components. Preferably, the power supply can be logically connected to the processor 670 through a power management system, thereby enabling functions such as charging, discharging, and power consumption management through the power management system.

[0103] In one embodiment, a vehicle is provided, including: at least one of the aforementioned stacked components 1, the stacked components 1 being mounted on the vehicle body; and / or, the aforementioned communication device 10.

[0104] The laminated component 1 can be automotive glass, etc. In addition to the antenna module 200 and the transparent dielectric substrate, the laminated component 1 may also include, but is not limited to, conductive heat-insulating layers, radiation-resistant layers, sound-insulating layers, and dimming layers. The materials used to prepare the dimming layer may include, but are not limited to, one or more combinations of PDLC (polymer dispersed liquid crystal), SPD (Suspended Particle Device), GHLC (Guest-Host Liquid Crystal), EC (Electrochromic Device), LC (liquid crystal), LED (light-emitting diode), heat-insulating films, color-changing films, light-guiding films, and display films.

[0105] Vehicles equipped with the aforementioned stacked component 1 can communicate directly with the outside world using installation locations such as vehicle glass while ensuring light transmittance. This reduces in-vehicle interference and electromagnetic wave transmission loss, improves communication performance, and the aforementioned hollowed-out radiating unit can support multi-band communication in a small size, reducing costs.

[0106] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "in one embodiment," "in one particular embodiment," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative descriptions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example.

[0107] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0108] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of this application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these modifications and improvements all fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this application should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An antenna module, characterized by include: A first radiating unit is formed on a transparent dielectric substrate and has a first feed point. The first feed point is used to receive an excitation signal. The first radiating unit has a plurality of first hollow areas to support the transmission of radio frequency signals in multiple first frequency bands under the excitation of the excitation signal. The first radiating unit includes a first radiating arm and a second radiating arm arranged in different directions and connected to each other. The first radiating arm has a plurality of first hollow areas, and the first feed point is disposed on the second radiating arm. A second radiating unit is formed on the transparent dielectric substrate, and the second radiating unit and the first radiating unit are independent of each other. The second radiating unit is provided with a second feed point, which is used to connect to the excitation signal. The second radiating unit is used to support the transmission of radio frequency signals in at least one second frequency band under the excitation of the excitation signal. The second radiating unit has at least one second hollow area to support multiple radio frequency signals of the second frequency band under the excitation of the excitation signal; the second radiating unit includes a third radiating arm and a fourth radiating arm arranged in different directions and connected to each other, and the third radiating arm includes at least one second hollow area, and the second feed point is disposed on the fourth radiating arm; The third radiating arm extends in the same direction as the first radiating arm, and the fourth radiating arm extends in the opposite direction to the second radiating arm. The fourth radiating arm and the second radiating arm are close to each other and spaced apart.

2. The antenna module of claim 1, wherein, At least one of the radio frequency signals in the first frequency band and the radio frequency signals in the second frequency band includes a 5G signal.

3. The antenna module of claim 2, wherein, The first frequency band includes a low frequency band, and the second frequency band includes a mid-high frequency band and an ultra-high frequency band.

4. The antenna module of claim 1, wherein, The first feed point and the second feed point are welded together at a gap.

5. The antenna module of claim 1, wherein, The first radiating arm includes: A first radial branch that is enclosed, a portion of which is connected to the second radial arm; The second radial branch is connected to multiple different points on the first radial branch.

6. The antenna module of claim 5, wherein, The first radiating arm also includes: The third radiating branch is connected to a point on the second radiating branch and a point on the first radiating branch.

7. A stacked assembly, characterized by include: Transparent dielectric substrate; The antenna module as described in any one of claims 1-6, wherein the antenna module is formed on the transparent dielectric substrate.

8. The stacked assembly of claim 7, wherein, In the case where the first radiating unit includes a second radiating arm and the second radiating unit includes a fourth radiating arm, the second radiating arm and the fourth radiating arm are disposed in the non-light-receiving area of ​​the transparent dielectric substrate.

9. The stacked component according to claim 7, characterized in that, The transparent dielectric substrate includes at least one glass plate, and the antenna module is formed on the same glass plate.

10. A communication device, characterized by Includes the antenna module as described in any one of claims 1-6.

11. A vehicle characterized by comprising: include: At least one stacked component as described in any one of claims 7-9, the stacked component being mounted on a vehicle body; and / or, a communication device as described in claim 10.

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