Measuring rim for collecting brake wear

Abstract

In order to be able to reliably quantify and classify the brake wear of the brake system of a vehicle and at the same time to reduce the outlay in practical use, a measuring rim having a rim interior space (6) is proposed, in which a collecting housing (7) is arranged which extends over an extension angle (a) in the peripheral direction of the measuring rim (1); a collecting housing interior space (14) is formed in the collecting housing (7), and the collecting housing (7) is at least partially open towards the collecting housing interior space (14) on a radially inner peripheral face (8) which extends in the peripheral direction of the measuring rim (1); at the measuring rim (1), a discharge space (15) is provided at the rim flange (4), and a collecting channel (16) is provided at the measuring rim (1), which connects the collecting housing interior space (14) of the collecting housing (7) to the discharge space (15).

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a measuring rim having a rim peripheral surface connected at least at one end face of the measuring rim to a rim flange located on the inner center side via one or more spokes, wherein an internal space of the rim is formed between the rim peripheral surface, the spokes, and the rim flange. The invention also relates to an arrangement (structure) for detecting brake wear of a vehicle's braking system, wherein the vehicle wheel has the measuring rim described at the beginning. Background Technology

[0002] The environmental pollution caused by particulate matter (fine dust) generated by vehicles has long been known and is subject to increasingly stringent legal regulations. So far, the primary concern has been the particulate matter load generated during the combustion process in internal combustion engines, which enters the environment through exhaust gases. At the same time, other sources of particulate matter in vehicles have also been identified. Of particular interest are vehicle braking systems. During vehicle operation, the wear of brake discs and pads generates particulate matter, which enters the environment and contributes to the airborne particulate matter load.

[0003] Therefore, brake wear particulate filters are known, which partially surround the brake disc and are arranged downstream of the brake in the direction of rotation to collect and filter brake wear during vehicle operation. An example of this is described in WO 2019 / 0048377 A1. For example, such brake wear particulate filters with active suction are also known from WO 2011 / 1160976 A1.

[0004] Vehicle and braking system manufacturers are increasingly focusing their attention on reducing particulate matter generated by braking systems. Brake test benches are often used to develop braking systems, on which the equipment is mounted and subjected to dynamic testing. To better assess the occurrence and extent of particulate matter generated by the wear of brake discs / pads, it is known to extend these test benches to allow for the measurement of brake wear. One example of this is WO 2017 / 097901 A1. This issue is also addressed in professional literature, such as in Kukutschová J. et al., “On airborne nano / micro-sized wear particles released from low-metallic automotive brakes,” *Environmental Pollution* 159 (2011), pp. 998–1006. This primarily involves enclosing the brake discs and pads (friction pads) on a brake test bench, sucking out the air from the enclosure, and then analyzing it. Therefore, the particles generated during braking are strongly temperature-dependent when they exceed a certain limit. Thus, process control (flow-oriented) measures, particularly the airflow within the housing, affect particle emission and incidentally cool the entire system. This complicates the actual measurement of brake wear.

[0005] However, brake test benches can only approximate the actual use of vehicles on the road. Therefore, measurements on actual vehicles during road operation are always of great interest for a more realistic evaluation. For example, DE 10 2017 006349 A1 shows a device for measuring and classifying (grading) particulate emissions from wheel brakes of a vehicle during actual road operation, which can also be used on a brake test bench. Here, the brakes on the vehicle, with brake discs and brake shoes (brake blocks), are enclosed in a housing. Air is fed into the housing, and particulate-laden air is removed from the housing and fed to the measuring system. The difficulty here is that individual housings must be manufactured for each vehicle, each wheel, and each brake. Extending the axle may be necessary to install the housing within the wheel housing. Furthermore, both air supply and exhaust must be guided within the wheel housing, where space is limited and the housing is difficult to access. Therefore, it is often necessary to drill through holes in the undercarriage to guide air supply and exhaust to the brakes. Consequently, such a device is costly in practical use. In addition, it should be noted that the system temperature is affected by the active air supply, which may affect the measurement and its results due to the significant temperature dependence of brake wear.

[0006] DE 10 2017 200 941 B4 describes an apparatus for measuring brake particulate emissions, in which a dust collection funnel is fixed to the outer rim of a wheel rim, the funnel encircling the entire outer side of the rim and rotating with it. Particulate-laden air is drawn through the funnel and sent to a particulate measurement system. The wheel rim is not sealed on its inner side, making it impossible to separate brake wear from tire or road wear or ambient dust in the particulate exhaust. This prevents reliable quantification and classification of brake wear. Furthermore, in this apparatus, the flow conditions vary with the geometry of the rim being measured, making it nearly impossible to compare brake wear between different vehicles or vehicle rims. Last but not least, the dust collection funnel and lack of air circulation can also lead to overheating inside the rim, which affects the measurement of particulate emissions, as particulate emissions are strongly correlated with temperature.

[0007] In any case, the partial closure of the rim (as in DE 10 2017 006 349 A1 or DE 10 2017200 941 B4) affects the conditions that dominate in the rim under other conditions, particularly in the brake area. Therefore, particulate emissions from brake wear detected and measured in this way may deviate from actual brake wear, thus casting doubt on the reliability of the measurement. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The objective of this invention is to reliably quantify and classify brake wear of vehicle braking devices, while reducing costs in practical applications.

[0009] According to the present invention, this task is solved by the aforementioned measuring rim, wherein a collecting housing is arranged within the rim's internal space, extending at an angle along the circumference of the measuring rim, such that an internal space is formed within the collecting housing, and the collecting housing is at least partially open toward this internal space on its radially inner periphery extending along the circumference of the measuring rim; a discharge space is provided at the measuring rim, on the rim edge, and a collecting channel is provided at the measuring rim, connecting the internal space of the collecting housing to the discharge space. With such a collecting housing, the impact on brake wear collection can be significantly reduced. In particular, the normal cooling of the braking device, and therefore the temperature within the braking device area, is not excessively affected, nor is the flow rate within the braking device area excessively affected, so that the collected brake particles closely approximate reality. Therefore, no adaptation to the standard rim is required, or only minimal modifications are needed to minimize the cost of collecting brake wear particles.

[0010] Advantageously, the extension angle is between 100° and 180°. Preferably, the extension angle is between 100° and 130°.

[0011] Advantageously, the end of the collection channel facing away from the internal space of the collection housing extends a predetermined length circumferentially within the collection housing. Thus, the design, construction, and dimensions of the collection channel can be specifically designed to influence the collection of brake wear particles, and the guidance of brake wear can also be specifically designed to minimize particle loss. It is also conceivable that the cross-section of the collection channel varies circumferentially, particularly decreasing in the rotational direction, to reduce particle loss. The remaining periphery connected to (adjacent to) the collection channel can be closed along the periphery to prevent particle loss.

[0012] A particularly advantageous feature is that a central groove formed on the inner side of the rim flange serves as a drainage space. In other words, a central groove forming a drainage space is provided on the inner side of the center of the rim flange. This central groove exists on every standard rim so that collected brake wear material can be drained through it.

[0013] To this end, at least one radial groove can be provided at the rim flange, connecting the inner space of the rim to the intermediate groove in such a way that the radial groove extends into the region of the rim flange extending into the inner space of the rim flange on the radially outer peripheral surface of the rim flange, and radially inward into the intermediate groove. The collection channel terminates at the opening of at least one radial groove on the outer peripheral surface of the rim flange, thereby connecting the discharge space to the inner space of the collection housing. This can be achieved with minimal expense by simply providing a radial groove at the rim flange of the measuring rim.

[0014] If a collection tray is provided at the axial end of the rim flange located within the rim's internal space or at the outer surface of the rim's end face, and a hollow space is provided within the collection tray, with the hollow space at least partially forming a discharge space and connected to a collection channel, then no modification (retrofit) of the standard rim is required. Structurally simple, the collection tray has at least one opening on its radially outer peripheral surface and / or end face leading into the hollow space, and the collection channel terminates in the area of ​​at least one opening, thereby connecting the hollow space to the internal space of the collection housing.

[0015] More advantageously and structurally simpler, the collection tray has a first collection tray plate and a second collection tray plate arranged axially spaced apart to form a hollow space. The first collection tray plate has a centrally located groove that connects to the hollow space. Advantageously, the groove of the first collection tray plate is arranged within the central groove of the measuring rim, allowing brake wear debris to be discharged again through this central groove. Alternatively, at least one connecting channel is arranged on the collection tray, connecting to the hollow space. This connecting channel extends into a peripheral groove of a connecting ring, and the collection channel terminates in the area of ​​the peripheral groove, connecting the hollow space to the internal space of the collection housing via the connecting channel and the connecting ring. In particular, this embodiment also allows the collection tray to be positioned at the end face of the rim, thereby preventing the widening of marks at the axle through the collection tray located inside the rim.

[0016] To discharge brake wear material from the measuring rim, it is advantageous to provide a rotary joint (rotary feeder) at the measuring rim that connects to the discharge space. This can be achieved particularly easily if a hollow discharge sleeve (discharge pipe joint) that is rotatably supported is arranged in the central groove as a rotary joint.

[0017] The measuring rim according to the invention is advantageously used for detecting brake wear of a vehicle wheel's braking system, wherein the collecting housing of the measuring rim is at least partially positioned around a movable braking component of the braking system that rotates with the vehicle wheel, i.e., the braking component protrudes into (extends into) the internal space of the collecting housing. The collecting housing can be easily fitted onto the movable braking component, such as a brake disc, through an opening at its radially inner peripheral surface, thereby making the measuring rim easy to use.

[0018] Furthermore, the objective of the present invention is achieved by the arrangement (structure) of the brake wear (material) of the brake device for detecting vehicle wheels mentioned at the beginning, wherein the vehicle wheel has the aforementioned measuring rim, and the collecting housing of the measuring rim at least partially surrounds a movable brake component of the brake device, wherein the movable brake component protrudes into the internal space of the collecting housing.

[0019] Preferably, brake wear is guided from the exhaust space to the measuring device via an exhaust line.

[0020] In another variation, a filter insert is arranged in the exhaust space or in an intermediate recess connected to the exhaust space, in which brake wear material is collected. Attached Figure Description

[0021] The following will refer to Figures 1 to 14 To explain the invention in more detail, Figures 1 to 14The advantageous design features of the invention are illustrated, illustrative, and non-limiting. The accompanying drawings show:

[0022] Figure 1 and Figure 2 The measuring rim according to the invention is shown in different views.

[0023] Figure 3 The arrangement of the measuring rim on the braking device according to the invention is shown.

[0024] Figures 4 to 6 The first design configuration of the measuring rim according to the present invention is shown.

[0025] Figure 7 The embodiment shown depicts the collection housing surrounding the brake disc only on one side.

[0026] Figure 8 and Figure 9 Another design configuration of the measuring rim according to the present invention is shown.

[0027] Figures 10 to 12 Another design configuration of the measuring rim according to the present invention is shown.

[0028] Figure 13 The diagram illustrates a measuring rim according to the invention, having a collection channel within the rim's internal space for discharge through a vehicle's wheel shroud.

[0029] Figure 14 The diagram shows a measuring rim with a particle filter in a central groove for collecting brake wear. Detailed Implementation

[0030] exist Figure 1 (Sectional view) and Figure 2The measuring rim 1 according to the invention is shown in the side view, with a rotation axis 1a. The measuring rim 1 is adapted to be mounted on a vehicle as a vehicle wheel together with a tire (not shown), wherein the wheel and the measuring rim 1 rotate correspondingly about the rotation axis 1a when the vehicle is in motion. The measuring rim 1 consists of a rim peripheral surface 2 located radially outward about the rotation axis 1a, a plurality of spokes 3, and an inner rim flange 4 located centrally inward, the rim peripheral surface 2 serving as a tire support surface for forming the vehicle wheel. The rim flange 4 is (directly) adjacent to the rotation axis (line) 1a. The spokes 3 (provided as at least one or multiple as in the illustrated embodiment) connect the rim flange 4 to the rim peripheral surface 2 in a known manner at the rim end face 5 (in the intended use of the measuring rim 1, the rim end face forms the outer side of the vehicle wheel). The measuring rim 1 is generally open at an end face opposite to the rim end face 5 (in the intended use of the measuring rim 1, this end face is oriented toward the wheel hood of the vehicle). This creates an internal rim space 6 between the rim peripheral surface 2, the spokes 3, and the rim flange 4. Specifically, the internal rim space 6 is configured such that the surfaces of the spokes 3 and the rim flange 4 are oriented in a direction toward the wheel closure when the rim 1 is in intended use.

[0031] A collection housing 7 is arranged within the rim interior space 6 of the measuring rim 1. This collection housing 7 extends circumferentially along the measuring rim 1 at a predetermined extension angle α, forming an interior space 14. The circumferential direction of the measuring rim 1 extends approximately around the rotation axis 1a. The extension angle α is preferably between 100 and 180°. Preferably, the extension angle α is less than 130°, so that the airflow in the area of ​​the measuring rim 1 does not deviate too much from other conditions occurring on the vehicle, and this will not adversely affect the cooling of the braking components.

[0032] In the intended use of the measuring rim 1, a hub 23 and a braking device 20 are typically arranged within the rim's internal space 6 for connecting the measuring rim 1 to the (driven or undriven) axle 25 of the vehicle's drivetrain. Figure 3 (as shown in the diagram), for example, a known floating caliper disc brake with brake caliper 21 and brake disc 22. The measuring rim 1 can be used for all axle and wheel suspension variations, such as variations for half-axles, rigid axles, semi-rigid axles, torsion beam axles (combined tie rod axles, Verbundlenkerachse), independent wheel suspensions, etc.

[0033] The measuring rim 1 is typically connected to the hub 23 via the rim flange 4 by means of wheel bolts 31 (usually wheel bolts arranged circumferentially on the perforated disc of the rim flange 4), and the hub 23 is rotatably supported by means of wheel bearings 26 (e.g., Figure 3 or Figure 4The wheel hub 23 is connected to the axle 25 via an axle-hub connection, and the wheel bearing 26, specifically the non-rotatable (rotatably fixed) portion of the wheel bearing 26, is mounted on a non-rotatable (rotatably fixed) component of the vehicle, such as the wheel carrier 29 of the wheel suspension. The movable portion of the braking device, such as the brake disc 22, is also connected to the wheel hub 23 and thus rotates with the wheel hub 23.

[0034] The collecting housing 7 is composed of a housing peripheral surface 8 extending circumferentially along the measuring rim 1, an outer housing peripheral surface 9 extending circumferentially along the measuring rim 1, housing side surfaces 12 and 13, and housing end surfaces 10 and 11, which together form the boundary of the collecting housing internal space 14 of the collecting housing 7. The housing peripheral surfaces 8 and 9 are interconnected by the two housing side surfaces 12 and 13 and the two housing end surfaces 10 and 11, which form the circumferential ends of the collecting housing 7. The extension angle α is also determined by the housing end surfaces 10 and 11. Preferably, at least one housing end surface 10 or 11 is at least partially open. Similarly, preferably, the housing peripheral surface 8 is at least partially open.

[0035] At the measuring rim 1, a discharge space (discharge chamber) 15 is provided on the rim flange 4. The discharge space 15 can be implemented as integral with the rim flange 4, or integratedly connected to the rim flange 4. The discharge space 15 is connected to the internal space 14 of the collection housing via a collection channel 16. The collection channel 16 establishes a fluid connection between the internal space 14 of the collection housing and the discharge space 15.

[0036] After the measuring rim 1 has rotated, a suitable rotary joint 24 can be provided, which is connected to the discharge space 15. Such a rotary joint is well known. The rotary joint 24 is used to transfer brake wear from the rotating discharge space 15 to the discharge line 17, which is non-rotatable relative to the discharge space 15.

[0037] The measuring rim 1 is used to collect brake wear data from the braking system 20, such as brake wear data from the vehicle's service brake. The service brake, for example, is in the form of a floating caliper disc brake with a brake disc 22 and a brake caliper 21 containing brake pads, the brake pads (friction pads) pressing against the brake disc 22 to apply brakes. This is in... Figure 3The example illustrates, for clarity, only the collection housing 7 of the measuring rim 1 is shown. The measuring rim 1 can be used on a test bench or in actual vehicle operation on a traffic route, such as a road or test area. For use in actual vehicle operation on a traffic route, or for use on a rolling test bench for a vehicle, the measuring rim 1 is naturally part of the vehicle wheel, which has a vehicle tire mounted on the measuring rim 1. For use on a transmission test bench or brake test bench, it is not necessary for a vehicle tire to be mounted on the measuring rim 1.

[0038] The collection housing 7 is used to collect brake wear material from the braking device 20 within the internal space 14 of the collection housing. The brake wear material exists in the form of solid and / or volatile brake particles from fixed and / or movable braking components, here in the form of an aerosol within the internal space 14 of the collection housing. The aerosol is essentially air carrying the brake particles. The collected volumetric flow carrying the particles is guided through the collection channel 16 to the discharge space 15, from where the brake wear material is guided to the measuring device 19 via the discharge line 17. A discharge pump 18 may be arranged in the discharge line 17 to feed the brake wear material from the internal space 14 of the collection housing through the collection channel 16 and the discharge space 15 to the measuring device 19. Alternatively, a sampling point may be provided upstream of the pump 18 for removing the brake wear material for use by the measuring device 19. Along the direction of rotation ( Figure 3 As indicated by the arrows, the collection housing 7 is preferably arranged after the braking device 20, and preferably adjacent to (adjacent to) the braking device 20. The collection housing 7 preferably surrounds at least partially the movable braking component of the braking device 20, such as the brake disc 22; that is, the movable braking component is partially arranged within the collection housing 7. The movable braking component typically rotates together with the measuring rim 1 or the wheel with the measuring rim 1. In this way, brake wear material reaches the internal space 14 of the collection housing through the rotation of the movable braking component and can be discharged from there. In this manner, the loss of brake wear material is reduced.

[0039] Of course, other braking devices 20 besides floating caliper disc brakes may also be provided, such as fixed caliper brakes, drum brakes, etc. Although advantageous, if brake wear can be reached or guided into the collection housing 7 in other ways, the movable braking components, especially the brake disc 22, need not be forced to be arranged at least partially in the collection housing 7.

[0040] The measuring device 19 can be implemented arbitrarily, for example, as a well-known particle measuring device, and can detect any characteristic of brake wear as a measuring variable M, such as the number of brake particles, the size distribution of brake particles, the mass of brake particles, the composition of brake particles, etc. Measuring devices for this purpose are well known and can operate, for example, based on the principle of condensation particle amplification or the principle of diffusion charging. Of course, multiple different measuring devices 19 can be provided to detect different characteristics of brake wear.

[0041] Upstream of the measuring device 19, a known treatment (preparation) for the aerosol emitted from the internal space 14 of the collection housing may be provided as needed. This could include, for example, diluting the aerosol stream with particulate-free gas, or diverting a defined measurement volume flow for measuring or removing volatile particles from the aerosol (“volatile particle remover”). Multiple such treatment (preparation) steps may also be provided. The discharge line 17 and / or discharge pump 18 may also be at least segmentally (partially) heated to a predetermined temperature. Using the measuring device 19, the measurement variable M can be determined either integrally (overall) (over a defined period, e.g., in the form of a measurement variable over a defined time period or during a defined test run of the vehicle) or time-resolvedly (preferably determined with a predetermined time step). The measuring device 19 may also send the determined measurement variable (measured value / parameter) M to the evaluation unit 30 (computer hardware and / or software) for evaluation or storage.

[0042] The following will be based on Figures 4 to 14 The advantageous design configuration of measuring rim 1 is described. In the figures, identical parts have the same reference numerals. However, for clarity, not all recurring parts are always referred to in all figures.

[0043] Figure 4 A measuring rim 1 according to the invention is shown. In this embodiment, the measuring rim 1 is arranged in a conventional manner on a wheel carrier 29 of a vehicle (not shown). For example, the wheel carrier 29 is part of the vehicle's wheel suspension and forms a rotatably fixed (non-rotatable) component. A wheel bearing 26, or a rotatably fixed (non-rotatable) portion of a wheel bearing 26, is arranged on the wheel carrier 29. For example, bearing bolts (not shown) are provided for arranging the wheel bearing 26 on the wheel carrier 29 or other rotatably fixed (non-rotatable) components of the vehicle. A wheel hub 23 is rotatably supported (mounted) at the wheel bearing 26. Figure 4In one embodiment, the hub 23 is implemented as a rotatable component of the wheel bearing 26. For example... Figure 4 As shown, the wheel hub 23 can be connected to the axle 25. The brake disc 22 is arranged at the wheel hub 23 as a movable braking component, for example, via a suitable threaded connection. The brake disc 22 thus rotates together with the wheel hub 23. The measuring rim 1 is connected to the wheel hub 23 via wheel bolts 31.

[0044] The measuring rim 1's collecting housing 7 is partially fitted onto the brake disc 22 (see also...) Figure 6 The brake disc 22 is partially arranged within the collection housing 7. During the movement of the measuring rim 1, the movable braking component of the braking device 20, here the brake disc 22, rotates within the collection housing 7. The collection housing 7, having a collection channel 16, is arranged on a non-rotatable component of the vehicle relative to the measuring rim 1, for example, at the wheel carrier 29, at the non-rotatable portion of the wheel bearing 26, or at the non-rotatable portion of the braking device 20 (e.g., at the brake caliper), and thus does not rotate with the measuring rim 1. The collection housing is arranged in the rotational direction after the non-rotatably arranged portion of the braking device 20 (here, the brake caliper 21) (see [reference]). Figure 3 ).

[0045] Collection disk 27 ( Figure 5 (As shown in detail below) It is arranged, for example, between the rim flange 4 and the hub 23 via wheel bolts 31. The collection tray 27 thus rests axially against the axial end of the rim flange 4 located in the inner space 6 of the rim. In this embodiment, a standard rim can be used, which does not need to be (adapted) to change. A hollow space 34 is provided in the collection tray 27, which forms the discharge space 15 for measuring the rim 1.

[0046] The collecting tray 27 can be composed of a first collecting tray plate 32 and a second collecting tray plate 33, which are arranged axially spaced apart from each other. For the axial spacing, a connecting piece 35 can be provided, through which the wheel bolts 31 can pass.

[0047] The collection tray 27 can be configured to be at least partially open at its outer peripheral surface, thereby connecting the hollow space 34 to the outer peripheral surface. In this embodiment, the collection channel 16 terminates in the region of the outer peripheral surface of the collection tray 27. Therefore, the hollow space 34 is formed between the first collection tray plate 32 and the second collection tray plate 33, and is connected to the collection channel 16 via the outer peripheral surface of the collection tray 27. Preferably, the collection channel 16 extends circumferentially along the outer peripheral edge of the collection tray 27 (e.g., ...). Figure 4 and Figure 6As shown), the collection disc 27 is externally enclosed at the periphery adjacent to the collection housing 7 to allow brake wear material to be discharged with as little loss as possible. The first collection disc plate 32 is arranged facing the rim flange 4 and has a groove 36 in the central internal region. Thus, the collection disc 27 and the hollow space 34 form a discharge space 15 for measuring the rim 1, which can be accessed through the groove 36.

[0048] In an alternative embodiment, the collection tray 27 is closed at its radially outer peripheral surface. To connect the collection channel 16 to the hollow space 34 of the collection tray 27, at least one opening leading into the hollow space 34 can be provided at the axial end face of the collection tray 27, for example, in the first collection tray plate 32 or the second collection tray plate 33, preferably arranged as a plurality of openings distributed on the periphery. The collection channel 16 is then guided into the collection tray 27 in the regions of these openings. It is also conceivable to combine the at least partially open radially outer peripheral surface with at least one opening at the axial end face of the collection tray 27. The collection channel 16 is formed accordingly.

[0049] exist Figure 4 The diagram also shows a possible connection of the discharge line 17 at the discharge space 15 to discharge collected brake wear debris. A groove 36 of the collection disc 27 is arranged in a central groove 28 of the measuring rim 1. A hollow discharge sleeve 37 is arranged to be rotatably supported in the central groove 28. For this purpose, the rotatable portion of the sleeve (pipe joint) bearing 38 can be fastened to the measuring rim 1, and the discharge sleeve 37 can be connected to, or form with, the non-rotatable portion of the sleeve bearing 38 relative to the measuring rim 1 (e.g., ...). Figure 4 In this manner, a rotary joint 24 is formed, through which brake wear material can be discharged from the discharge space 15 of the measuring rim 1 via a non-rotatable discharge sleeve 37 relative to the measuring rim 1. Of course, this rotary joint 24 can also be implemented in any other manner. In particular, the discharge sleeve 37 need not be axially attached to the collection tray 27.

[0050] Figure 7 It shows that according to Figures 4 to 6 A variation of the measuring rim 1 includes a collection housing 7 that surrounds, at least partially on one side, a movable braking component, in this case, a brake disc 22. Other embodiments are as described above.

[0051] With the help of Figure 8Another design configuration of the measuring rim 1 according to the present invention is illustrated. In this embodiment, the central groove 28 of the measuring rim 1 serves as a discharge space 15 for discharging brake wear debris. For this purpose, a plurality of radial grooves 40 distributed on the periphery are provided at the rim flange 4, which connect the central groove 28 to the radially outer peripheral surface of the rim flange 4 in the region of the rim interior space 6. The at least one radial groove 40 enters the radially outer peripheral surface in the region of the rim flange 4, the rim flange 4 extending into the rim interior space 6. The radial grooves 40 enter the central groove 28 radially inward. A collection housing 7 with a collection channel 16 is non-rotatably arranged in the measuring rim 1. The collection channel 16 terminates at the outer peripheral surface of the rim flange 4 in the region of the entry of the plurality of radial grooves 40, thereby connecting the internal space 14 of the collection housing to at least one groove 40 entering the outer peripheral surface of the rim flange 4. A peripheral groove is also provided on the outer peripheral surface of the rim flange 4, into which the collecting channel 16 and the radial groove 40 pass. However, with Figure 7 Similarly, the collection channel 16 can also extend circumferentially around the rim flange 4.

[0052] According to Figure 8 In one embodiment, the collection channel 16 extends circumferentially beyond the circumferential extension of the collection housing 7 by a predetermined length (the collection channel 16 extends circumferentially over a predetermined length of the circumferential extension of the collection housing 7), such as... Figure 9 As shown. According to Figure 4 or Figure 7 In the actual form shown, the collection channel 16 can also extend circumferentially in the same manner. A groove 41 is provided at the radially inner peripheral surface 43 of the collection channel 16, through which the collection channel 16 connects to the peripheral surface of the rim flange 4. A closing ring 42 can extend along the remaining periphery and at the inner peripheral surface 43 of the collection channel 16, this closing ring 42 resting against the outer peripheral surface of the rim flange 4 and closing the radial groove 40 in this area to the outside. Similarly, according to... Figure 4 or Figure 7 In some implementations, a closed ring 42 may also be provided. This closed ring 42 can be implemented with a U-shaped cross-section, such as... Figure 4 or Figure 7 As shown. By means of a peripheral groove (circumferential groove) or a closed ring 42 with a U-shaped cross-section on the outer peripheral surface of the rim flange 4, the discharge of brake wear material can be improved, and in particular, the loss of brake wear material can be reduced.

[0053] Therefore, brake wear can be discharged through the collection channel 16, the radial groove 40, and the intermediate groove 28. For this purpose, a suitable rotary joint can be provided at the intermediate groove, such as as described above.

[0054] According to Figure 8 In the design and construction, a collection housing 7 can also be fitted only on one side of the movable braking component (here, the brake disc 22). Figure 7 It is also possible that, based on Figure 8 In the design and construction, in the middle groove 28, such as Figure 4 As explained, it is equipped with a discharge sleeve 37.

[0055] With the help of Figures 10 to 12 Another design configuration of the measuring rim 1 according to the present invention is explained. In this embodiment, a collection tray 27 is used again, but it is now arranged outside the rim end face 5 of the measuring rim 1, rather than inside the rim interior space 6. A standard rim can also be used in this embodiment without any necessary modifications.

[0056] The collecting tray 27 has a first collecting tray plate 32 with a centrally located recess 36. A second collecting tray plate 33 is arranged axially spaced from the first collecting tray plate 32. A hollow space 34 is thus formed between the first collecting tray plate 32 and the second collecting tray plate 33, which serves as a discharge space 15. The collecting tray 27 is positioned on the outer rim end face 5 of the measuring rim 1, for example by means of a suitable threaded connection, and rotates together with the measuring rim 1.

[0057] exist Figure 10 In this configuration, the collection housing 7, which includes the collection channel 16, is partially fitted onto a movable braking component, in this case, a brake disc 22, on either side or only on one side. The collection channel 16 is connected to the hollow space 34 of the collection disc 27 via at least one connecting channel 45. The connecting channel 45 can be integrally formed with the collection disc 27. The connecting channel 45 can access the radially outer peripheral surface of the collection disc 27 (e.g., ...). Figures 10 to 12 As shown), the collection tray 27 is at least partially open in the access area. However, the connecting channel 45 can also enter the hollow space 34 through the first collection tray plate 32 or the second collection tray plate 33. Various combinations are also conceivable.

[0058] In a favorable design, such as Figures 10 to 12As shown, a connecting ring 46 is provided, in which a peripheral groove 47 is formed on the end face side, thereby giving the connecting ring 46 a U-shaped cross-section and being at least partially open on one side of the end face side. A plurality of connecting channels 45, arranged peripherally, open into the peripheral groove 47 of the connecting ring 46. The peripheral groove 47 thus connects to the hollow space 34 of the collection tray 27. The connecting ring 46 is arranged with its open end face facing the collection channel 16, such that the collection channel 16 opens into the peripheral groove 47 along its circumferential extension (length of the extension). A closing ring 42 may extend over the remaining periphery, closing the peripheral groove 47 externally. This closing ring 42 may also be implemented with a U-shaped cross-section to enlarge the peripheral groove 47 in the region of the closing ring 42.

[0059] Of course, the embodiment with at least one connecting channel 45 and (one) connecting ring 46 can also be used according to Figure 4 or Figure 7 In the embodiment of the measuring rim 1, the connecting channel 45 and the connecting ring 46 are arranged in the inner space 6 of the rim.

[0060] With Figures 1 to 12 In that case, brake wear can be discharged outwards via measuring the rim 1, or brake wear can be discharged inwards via the rim's internal space 6 and the vehicle's wheel cover, such as... Figure 13 As shown. The advantage of this implementation is that it eliminates the need for a rotary joint to dissipate brake wear. However, the space available in the wheel well enclosure area is typically limited, making this implementation potentially unfeasible on some vehicles due to space constraints.

[0061] A collection housing 7, with collection channels 16, is non-rotatably arranged in the internal space 6 of the rim, on both sides or only on one side (e.g., Figure 13 (As shown) It is again partially fitted onto the movable braking component, here the brake disc 22. The collection channel 16 is oriented away from the side of the measuring rim 1 with spokes 3, and thus towards the direction of the vehicle's wheel closure. The discharge line 17 for discharging the collected brake wear material from the collection housing 7 can be easily connected to the collection channel 16. Here, the collection channel 16 also serves as the discharge space 15.

[0062] In all the above embodiments, the discharge line 17 is connected to the discharge space 15, through which brake wear material is discharged and fed to the measuring device 19. In an alternative embodiment, such as Figure 14 As shown, a filter insert 50 may be provided in the discharge space 15 or in the central groove 28 of the measuring rim 1 connected to the discharge space 15, such as... Figure 14As shown, the aerosol flowing through the filter insert 50 is filtered out and collected. This allows the filter insert 50 to be removed after the test drive, and the brake wear material collected in the filter insert 50 to be evaluated. Thus, the brake wear material is not analyzed online during the test drive, but offline after the test drive. Advantageously, for this purpose, a design is used for measuring the rim 1, in which the central groove 28 serves as the discharge space 15 (e.g., as shown in the image). Figure 8 (As shown). However, the feeding of brake wear material to the intermediate groove 28 can also be achieved, for example, by means of... Figure 4 or Figure 7 The implementation of the collection housing 7 and the collection channel 16 (without the discharge sleeve 37) or according to Figure 8 The implementation will take the form of [the specific implementation method].

[0063] Clearly, an air gap is advantageously provided between movable and non-rotatable parts to prevent friction and wear. For example, such an air gap is provided between the collection disc 27 and the collection channel 16 or the closing ring 42. Similarly, an air gap is advantageously provided between movable braking components, such as the brake disc 22 and the collection housing 7. Such air gaps can also be varied to improve the discharge of brake wear debris and prevent the loss of brake particles. Of course, the air gap is designed to minimize the loss of brake particles.

[0064] With the solution according to the invention, in the various modifications described above, brake particles can be classified and characterized (characterized) without causing disruptive changes in temperature or flow conditions in the area of ​​the braking device during collection. In fact, applications with little or no adaptation to standard rims are possible, making cost-effective use with low expenses possible.

Claims

1. A measuring rim having a rim periphery surface (2), said rim periphery surface being connected to a rim flange (4) located centrally inside the rim at least at the rim end face (5) of the measuring rim (1) via one or more spokes (3), wherein, A rim interior space (6) is formed between the rim periphery surface (2), the spokes (3), and the rim flange (4), characterized in that a collection housing (7) extending circumferentially along the measuring rim (1) by an extension angle (α) is arranged in the rim interior space (6); a collection housing interior space (14) is formed in the collection housing (7), and the collection housing (7) is at least partially open (14) toward the collection housing interior space at its radially inner periphery surface (8) extending circumferentially along the measuring rim (1); a discharge space (15) is provided at the rim flange (4) on the measuring rim (1); and a collection channel (16) is provided on the measuring rim (1) connecting the collection housing interior space (14) of the collection housing (7) to the discharge space (15).

2. The measuring rim as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The extension angle (α) is between 100° and 180°.

3. The measuring rim as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The extension angle (α) is between 100° and 130°.

4. The measuring rim as described in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The end of the collection channel (16) that is away from the internal space (14) of the collection housing extends a predetermined length in the circumferential direction of the collection housing (7).

5. The measuring rim as described in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, A central groove (28) is provided in the center of the rim flange (4), and the central groove (28) forms the discharge space (15).

6. The measuring rim as described in claim 4, characterized in that, A central groove (28) is provided in the center of the rim flange (4), and the central groove (28) forms the discharge space (15).

7. The measuring rim as described in claim 5, characterized in that, At least one radial groove (40) is provided at the rim flange (4), the radial groove (40) connecting the rim interior space (6) and the intermediate groove (28) in the following manner: the radial groove (40) extends radially outward into the region of the rim flange (4) extending into the rim interior space (6) on the radially outer peripheral surface of the rim flange (4), and extends radially inward into the intermediate groove (28); and the collection channel (16) terminates at the region of the inlet of the at least one radial groove (40) on the outer peripheral surface of the rim flange (4) to connect the discharge space (15) with the collection housing interior space (14).

8. The measuring rim as described in claim 6, characterized in that, At least one radial groove (40) is provided at the rim flange (4), the radial groove (40) connecting the rim interior space (6) and the intermediate groove (28) in the following manner: the radial groove (40) extends radially outward into the region of the rim flange (4) extending into the rim interior space (6) on the radially outer peripheral surface of the rim flange (4), and extends radially inward into the intermediate groove (28); and the collection channel (16) terminates at the region of the inlet of the at least one radial groove (40) on the outer peripheral surface of the rim flange (4) to connect the discharge space (15) with the collection housing interior space (14).

9. The measuring rim as described in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, A collection tray (27) is arranged at the axial end of the rim flange (4) located in the inner space (6) of the rim or on the outside of the rim end face (5). A hollow space (34) is provided in the collection tray and is connected to the collection channel (16) through the hollow space (34). The hollow space (34) forms the discharge space (15).

10. The measuring rim as described in claim 4, characterized in that, A collection tray (27) is arranged at the axial end of the rim flange (4) located in the inner space (6) of the rim or on the outer side of the rim end face (5). A hollow space (34) is provided in the collection tray and is connected to the collection channel (16) through the hollow space (34). The hollow space (34) forms the discharge space (15).

11. The measuring rim as described in claim 9, characterized in that, At the collection tray (27), at least one opening leading to the hollow space (34) is provided on the radially outer peripheral surface and / or end face, and the collection channel (16) terminates in the area of ​​the at least one opening so as to connect the hollow space (34) to the internal space (14) of the collection housing.

12. The measuring rim as described in claim 10, characterized in that, At the collection tray (27), at least one opening leading to the hollow space (34) is provided on the radially outer peripheral surface and / or end face, and the collection channel (16) terminates in the area of ​​the at least one opening so as to connect the hollow space (34) to the internal space (14) of the collection housing.

13. The measuring rim as described in claim 9, characterized in that, The collection tray (27) has a first collection tray plate (32) and a second collection tray plate (33) arranged axially spaced apart to form the hollow space (34). A groove (36) located in the center of the first collection tray plate (32) is provided, and the groove located in the center of the hollow space (34) is connected to the hollow space (34).

14. The measuring rim as described in claim 10, characterized in that, The collection tray (27) has a first collection tray plate (32) and a second collection tray plate (33) arranged axially spaced apart to form the hollow space (34). A groove (36) located in the center of the first collection tray plate (32) is provided, and the groove located in the center of the hollow space (34) is connected to the hollow space (34).

15. The measuring rim as described in claim 11 or 12, characterized in that, The collection tray (27) has a first collection tray plate (32) and a second collection tray plate (33) arranged axially spaced apart to form the hollow space (34). A groove (36) located in the center of the first collection tray plate (32) is provided, and the groove located in the center of the hollow space (34) is connected to the hollow space (34).

16. The measuring rim as described in claim 13 or 14, characterized in that, The groove (36) of the first collecting plate (32) is arranged in the middle groove (28) of the measuring rim (1), wherein the middle groove (28) is located in the center of the rim flange (4), and the middle groove (28) forms the discharge space (15).

17. The measuring rim as described in claim 15, characterized in that, The groove (36) of the first collecting plate (32) is arranged in the middle groove (28) of the measuring rim (1), wherein the middle groove (28) is located in the center of the rim flange (4), and the middle groove (28) forms the discharge space (15).

18. The measuring rim as described in claim 9, characterized in that, At least one connecting channel (45) is arranged at the collection tray (27), the connecting channel is connected to the hollow space (34), and the connecting channel (45) extends into the peripheral groove (47) of the connecting ring (46), and the collection channel (16) terminates in the area of ​​the peripheral groove (47) so as to connect the hollow space (34) with the internal space (14) of the collection housing through the connecting channel (45) and the connecting ring (46).

19. The measuring rim as claimed in any one of claims 10 to 14 and 17, characterized in that, At least one connecting channel (45) is arranged at the collection tray (27), the connecting channel is connected to the hollow space (34), and the connecting channel (45) extends into the peripheral groove (47) of the connecting ring (46), and the collection channel (16) terminates in the area of ​​the peripheral groove (47) so as to connect the hollow space (34) with the internal space (14) of the collection housing through the connecting channel (45) and the connecting ring (46).

20. The measuring rim as described in claim 15, characterized in that, At least one connecting channel (45) is arranged at the collection tray (27), the connecting channel is connected to the hollow space (34), and the connecting channel (45) extends into the peripheral groove (47) of the connecting ring (46), and the collection channel (16) terminates in the area of ​​the peripheral groove (47) so as to connect the hollow space (34) with the internal space (14) of the collection housing through the connecting channel (45) and the connecting ring (46).

21. The measuring rim as described in claim 16, characterized in that, At least one connecting channel (45) is arranged at the collection tray (27), the connecting channel is connected to the hollow space (34), and the connecting channel (45) extends into the peripheral groove (47) of the connecting ring (46), and the collection channel (16) terminates in the area of ​​the peripheral groove (47) so as to connect the hollow space (34) with the internal space (14) of the collection housing through the connecting channel (45) and the connecting ring (46).

22. The measuring rim as described in any one of claims 1 to 3, 6 to 8, 10 to 14, 17, 18, and 20 to 21, characterized in that, A rotary joint (24) is provided at the measuring rim (1), and the rotary joint is connected to the discharge space (15).

23. The measuring rim as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The hollow discharge sleeve (37) is arranged as a rotary joint (24) and is rotatably supported in the intermediate groove (28).

24. The measuring rim as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The hollow discharge sleeve (37) is arranged as a rotary joint (24) and is rotatably supported in the intermediate groove (28).

25. The measuring rim as described in claim 16, characterized in that, The hollow discharge sleeve (37) is arranged as a rotary joint (24) and is rotatably supported in the intermediate groove (28).

26. The measuring rim as described in claim 17, characterized in that, The hollow discharge sleeve (37) is arranged as a rotary joint (24) and is rotatably supported in the intermediate groove (28).

27. A structure for detecting brake wear of a braking device (20) for vehicle wheels, wherein, The vehicle wheel has a measuring rim (1) as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 26, and the collecting housing (7) of the measuring rim (1) at least partially surrounds the movable braking member of the braking device (20) by extending a movable braking member into the internal space (14) of the collecting housing.

28. The structure as described in claim 27, characterized in that, Brake wear is directed from the exhaust space (15) through the exhaust line (17) to the measuring device (19).

29. The structure as described in claim 27, characterized in that, A filter insert (50) is arranged in the discharge space (15) or in the intermediate groove (28) connected to the discharge space (15) to collect the brake wear.

Images