A thermal management system for electric vehicles

Abstract

In view of the problem that the cruising range of existing electric vehicles is prone to decline in summer and winter, the present invention provides a thermal management system for electric vehicles. This system transfers the waste heat of the three-electric system to the heat exchanger through the coolant circuit, thereby heating the air in the vehicle interior. Therefore, the heating demand of the heat pump system and the PTC auxiliary heating system is reduced, and their power consumption is also reduced, thereby solving the technical problem that the existing use of PTC auxiliary heating causes the cruising range of electric vehicles to decline rapidly. In the winter heating mode, if the power of the three-electric system is relatively small, the waste heat of the motor and electronic control system can be used to heat the battery pack. If the power of the three-electric system is relatively large, the waste heat of the motor and electronic control system is used to heat the air in the vehicle interior, reducing the heating demand of the heat pump system and the PTC auxiliary heating system; in the summer cooling mode, according to the temperature threshold of the three-electric system, when it is lower than the temperature threshold, the three-electric system adopts natural heat dissipation, and when it is higher than the temperature threshold, forced cooling is adopted to effectively reduce the cooling capacity of the heat pump system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the design of a centralized thermal management system for electric vehicles, and is applicable to passenger cars, microvans, micro trucks, light trucks and medium truck commercial vehicles. Background Art

[0002] Because electric vehicles are different from fuel vehicles, the heat generated by the motor cannot meet the heating needs, and the heating effect of automobile heat pump air conditioners in winter is not ideal, especially in cold northern regions. When the ambient temperature is low, the refrigerant needs a lower evaporation temperature to absorb the surrounding heat, and the low evaporation temperature is not conducive to compressor suction, the compressor pressure ratio increases, and the isentropic efficiency and volumetric efficiency decrease. The performance of the compressor decreases, resulting in a decrease in the heating capacity of the heat pump system. In order to ensure the heating needs of the passenger compartment in winter, PTC auxiliary heating is usually used, which causes the range of electric vehicles to drop rapidly. There is an urgent need for a centralized thermal management system to enable the passenger compartment, battery, motor, and electronic control to work in the optimal temperature range and ensure the range of electric vehicles. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art and provide a thermal management system for an electric vehicle, which is suitable for passenger cars and commercial vehicles.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is:

[0005] A thermal management system for an electric vehicle, characterized in that it includes a second heat exchanger, a first heat exchanger, an indoor heat exchanger, a first three-way valve, a liquid storage tank, a compressor, a four-way reversing valve, an outdoor heat exchanger, a second three-way valve, a first expansion valve, a second expansion valve, a plate heat exchanger, a third three-way valve, a battery pack, a first water pump, a fourth three-way valve, a fifth three-way valve, a motor, an electronic control, a second water pump, a sixth three-way valve, a seventh three-way valve, an eighth three-way valve, a ninth three-way valve, a PTC, a third water pump, a thirteenth valve, a radiator and an expansion water tank;

[0006] The four interfaces of the four-way reversing valve are respectively connected to one end of the outdoor heat exchanger, one end of the compressor, one end of the liquid storage tank and one interface of the first three-way valve; the other end of the compressor is connected to the other end of the liquid storage tank; the other two interfaces of the first three-way valve are respectively connected to one end of one side of the plate heat exchanger and one end of the indoor heat exchanger; the other end of the indoor heat exchanger is connected to one end of the first expansion valve, and the other end of one side of the plate heat exchanger is connected to one end of the second expansion valve; the other end of the outdoor heat exchanger, the other end of the first expansion valve and the other end of the second expansion valve are respectively connected to the three interfaces of the second three-way valve;

[0007] One end of the other side of the plate heat exchanger is connected to an interface of the seventh three-way valve, and the other end of the other side of the plate heat exchanger is connected to an interface of the third three-way valve; the other two interfaces of the third three-way valve are respectively connected to one end of the battery pack and an interface of the fourth three-way valve; the other end of the battery pack is connected to one end of the first water pump, and the other end of the first water pump is connected to the pipeline connecting the plate heat exchanger and the seventh three-way valve;

[0008] The other two interfaces of the fourth three-way valve are respectively connected to an interface of the fifth three-way valve and an interface of the eighth three-way valve; the other two interfaces of the fifth three-way valve are respectively connected to one end of the motor and one end of the first heat exchanger; the other end of the motor is connected to one end of the electric control, the other end of the electric control is connected to one end of the second water pump, the other end of the second water pump is connected to an interface of the sixth three-way valve, and the other two interfaces of the sixth three-way valve are respectively connected to the other end of the first heat exchanger and the other interface of the seventh three-way valve;

[0009] Another interface of the seventh three-way valve is connected to one end of the radiator, and the other end of the radiator is connected to another interface of the eighth three-way valve; the expansion water tank is connected to the pipeline connecting the seventh three-way valve and the radiator;

[0010] Another interface of the eighth three-way valve is connected to an interface of the ninth three-way valve, and the other two interfaces of the ninth three-way valve are respectively connected to one end of the second heat exchanger and one end of the PTC, and the other end of the PTC is connected to one end of the third water pump, and the other end of the third water pump is connected to an interface of the thirteenth-way valve, and the other interface of the thirteenth-way valve is connected to the other end of the second heat exchanger, and another interface of the thirteenth-way valve is connected to the pipeline connecting the seventh three-way valve and the expansion water tank.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0013] The electric vehicle thermal management system of the present invention transfers the waste heat of the three-electric system to the heat exchanger through the coolant circuit, thereby heating the air in the vehicle interior. Therefore, the heating demand of the heat pump system and the PTC auxiliary heating system is reduced, and their power consumption is also reduced, thereby solving the technical problem of the existing use of PTC auxiliary heating, which leads to a rapid decrease in the cruising range of electric vehicles.

[0014] The present invention is a highly integrated thermal management system for electric vehicles. In the process of winter heating and summer cooling, the heat generated by the three-electric system is fully utilized. Specifically, in the winter heating mode, if the power of the three-electric system is relatively small, the waste heat of the motor and electronic control system can be used to heat the battery pack. If the power of the three-electric system is relatively large, the waste heat of the motor and electronic control system is used to heat the indoor air of the vehicle, reducing the heating demand of the heat pump system and the PTC auxiliary heating system; in the summer cooling mode, according to the temperature threshold of the three-electric system, when it is lower than the temperature threshold, the three-electric system adopts natural heat dissipation, and when it is higher than the temperature threshold, forced cooling is adopted to effectively reduce the cooling capacity of the heat pump system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 This is the thermal management system diagram of an electric vehicle;

[0016] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the cooling mode of the passenger compartment;

[0017] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the heating mode of the passenger compartment;

[0018] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the PTC auxiliary heating mode for heating the passenger compartment;

[0019] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the electric control waste heat recovery mode of the passenger compartment heating motor;

[0020] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the natural heat dissipation mode of the battery;

[0021] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of battery self-circulation thermal management;

[0022] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the battery forced cooling heat pump cooling mode;

[0023] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the battery heating heat pump heating mode;

[0024] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the battery heating motor electronically controlled waste heat recovery mode;

[0025] Fig.11 This is a schematic diagram of the battery heating PTC auxiliary heating mode;

[0026] Fig.12 This is a schematic diagram of the natural heat dissipation mode of the motor and electronic control;

[0027] Fig.13 This is a schematic diagram of the motor electronically controlled heating PTC auxiliary heating mode;

[0028] In the figure: 1. second heat exchanger; 2. first heat exchanger; 3. vehicle interior heat exchanger; 4. first three-way valve; 5. liquid storage tank; 6. compressor; 7. four-way reversing valve; 8. vehicle exterior heat exchanger; 9. second three-way valve; 10. first expansion valve; 11. second expansion valve; 12. plate heat exchanger; 13. third three-way valve; 14. battery pack; 15. first water pump; 16. fourth three-way valve; 17. fifth three-way valve; 18. motor; 19. electronic control; 20. second water pump; 21. sixth three-way valve; 22. seventh three-way valve; 23. eighth three-way valve; 24. ninth three-way valve; 25. PTC; 26. third water pump; 27. thirteenth way valve; 28. radiator; 29. ​​expansion water tank; 100. air duct. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] Example:

[0030] In the present application, the "high temperature" and "low temperature" involved are relative adjectives, that is, "high" and "low" are relative.

[0031] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0032] See also Figure 1 As shown, the electric vehicle thermal management system provided in this embodiment mainly includes a second heat exchanger 1, a first heat exchanger 2, an indoor heat exchanger 3, a first three-way valve 4, a liquid storage tank 5, a compressor 6, a four-way reversing valve 7, an outdoor heat exchanger 8, a second three-way valve 9, a first expansion valve 10, a second expansion valve 11, a plate heat exchanger 12, a third three-way valve 13, a battery pack 14, a first water pump 15, a fourth three-way valve 16, a fifth three-way valve 17, a motor 18, an electronic control 19, a second water pump 20, a sixth three-way valve 21, a seventh three-way valve 22, an eighth three-way valve 23, a ninth three-way valve 24, a PTC 25, a third water pump 26, a thirteenth valve 27, a radiator 28 and an expansion water tank 29.

[0033] Among them, the four interfaces of the four-way reversing valve 7 are respectively connected to one end of the outdoor heat exchanger 8, one end of the compressor 6, one end of the liquid storage tank 5 and one interface of the first three-way valve 4; the other end of the compressor 6 is connected to the other end of the liquid storage tank 5; the other two interfaces of the first three-way valve 4 are respectively connected to one end of one side of the plate heat exchanger 12 and one end of the indoor heat exchanger 3; the other end of the indoor heat exchanger 3 is connected to one end of the first expansion valve 10, and the other end of the plate heat exchanger 12 is connected to one end of the second expansion valve 11; the other end of the outdoor heat exchanger 8, the other end of the first expansion valve 10, and the other end of the second expansion valve 11 are respectively connected to the three interfaces of the second three-way valve 13;

[0034] One end of the other side of the plate heat exchanger 12 is connected to an interface of the seventh three-way valve 22, and the other end of the other side of the plate heat exchanger 12 is connected to an interface of the third three-way valve 9; the other two interfaces of the third three-way valve 9 are respectively connected to one end of the battery pack 14 and an interface of the fourth three-way valve 16; the other end of the battery pack 14 is connected to one end of the first water pump 15, and the other end of the first water pump 15 is connected to the pipeline connecting the plate heat exchanger 12 and the seventh three-way valve 22;

[0035] The other two interfaces of the fourth three-way valve 16 are respectively connected to an interface of the fifth three-way valve 17 and an interface of the eighth three-way valve 23; the other two interfaces of the fifth three-way valve 17 are respectively connected to one end of the motor 18 and one end of the first heat exchanger 2; the other end of the motor 18 is connected to one end of the electric control 19, the other end of the electric control 19 is connected to one end of the second water pump 20, the other end of the second water pump 20 is connected to an interface of the sixth three-way valve 21, and the other two interfaces of the sixth three-way valve 21 are respectively connected to the other end of the first heat exchanger 2 and the other interface of the seventh three-way valve 22;

[0036] Another interface of the seventh three-way valve 22 is connected to one end of the radiator 28, and the other end of the radiator 28 is connected to another interface of the eighth three-way valve 23; the expansion water tank 29 is connected to the pipeline connecting the seventh three-way valve 22 and the radiator 28;

[0037] Another interface of the eighth three-way valve 23 is connected to an interface of the ninth three-way valve 24, and the other two interfaces of the ninth three-way valve 24 are respectively connected to one end of the second heat exchanger 1 and one end of the PTC25, the other end of the PTC25 is connected to one end of the third water pump 26, the other end of the third water pump 26 is connected to an interface of the thirteenth way valve 27, the other interface of the thirteenth way valve 27 is connected to the other end of the second heat exchanger 1, and another interface of the thirteenth way valve 27 is connected to the pipeline connecting the seventh three-way valve 22 and the expansion water tank 29.

[0038] It can be seen that the thermal management system of the electric vehicle transfers the waste heat of the three-electric system to the heat exchanger through the coolant circuit, thereby heating the air in the vehicle interior. Therefore, the heating demand of the heat pump system and the PTC auxiliary heating system is reduced, and their power consumption is also reduced, thus solving the technical problem of the existing use of PTC auxiliary heating, which leads to a rapid decrease in the cruising range of electric vehicles.

[0039] In a specific embodiment, in order to facilitate the description of the change in the refrigerant temperature, Figure 1 In the figure, the vehicle interior heat exchanger 3, the first heat exchanger 2, and the second heat exchanger 1 are all located in the air duct 100. The air duct 100 is used to transport air and control the air flow direction so that the air can exchange heat with each heat exchanger efficiently. Figure 2-6In the figure, different colors indicate the temperature change of the refrigerant during the pipeline circulation process. The refrigerant temperature from the compressor 6 outlet to the outdoor heat exchanger 8 is the highest, which is dark red; the refrigerant temperature from the outdoor heat exchanger 8 to the first expansion valve 10 is relatively high, which is light red; the refrigerant temperature from the first expansion valve 10 to the indoor heat exchanger 3 is the lowest, which is dark blue; the refrigerant temperature from the indoor heat exchanger 3 to the compressor 6 is relatively low, which is light blue. Figure 7 In the figure, yellow represents the self-circulation process of the coolant. During the circulation process, the temperature of the coolant is stable, and only the temperature non-uniformity in the battery pack 14 is improved.

[0040] like Figure 2 As shown, when in the passenger compartment cooling mode, the high-temperature refrigerant generated by the compressor 6 enters the outdoor heat exchanger 8 through the four-way reversing valve 7, transfers heat to the outdoor environment, continues to pass through the second three-way valve 9 and the first expansion valve 10, and the refrigerant temperature is further reduced through the throttling process, and then enters the indoor heat exchanger 3 to absorb heat; the refrigerant then passes through the first three-way valve 4, the four-way reversing valve 7, and the liquid storage tank 5 in sequence, and finally enters the compressor 6.

[0041] like Figure 3 As shown, when in the passenger compartment heating mode, the high-temperature refrigerant generated by the compressor 6 passes through the four-way reversing valve 7 and the first three-way valve 4 in sequence, enters the interior heat exchanger 3, transfers heat to the interior air, continues to pass through the first expansion valve 10, and the refrigerant temperature is further reduced through the throttling process, and then enters the exterior heat exchanger 8 to absorb heat; the refrigerant then passes through the four-way reversing valve 7 and the liquid storage tank 5 in sequence, and finally enters the compressor 6.

[0042] like Figure 4 As shown, when in the passenger compartment heating PTC auxiliary heating mode, the coolant heated by the PTC25 enters the second heat exchanger 1 through the ninth three-way valve 24 for heat exchange, and then passes through the thirteenth valve 27 and the third water pump 26 in sequence, and finally enters the PTC25.

[0043] like Figure 5 As shown, when in the passenger compartment heating motor electronic control waste heat recovery mode, the coolant heated by the waste heat of the electronic control 19 and the motor 18 enters the second heat exchanger 1 through the fifth three-way valve 17 for heat exchange, and then passes through the sixth three-way valve 21 and the second water pump 20 in sequence, and finally enters the electronic control 19 and the motor 18.

[0044] like Figure 6 As shown, when in the battery natural heat dissipation mode, the coolant heated by the residual heat of the battery pack 14 passes through the first water pump 15, the seventh three-way valve 22, the expansion water tank 29 in sequence, and then passes through the radiator 28 to dissipate heat and then passes through the eighth three-way valve 23, the fourth three-way valve 16, the third three-way valve 13 in sequence, and finally enters the battery pack 14; Figure 7 As shown, when in the battery self-circulation thermal management mode, the battery pack 14, the first water pump 15, the plate heat exchanger 12, and the third three-way valve 13 sequentially form a loop, and the loop does not exchange heat with the outside.

[0045] like Figure 8 As shown, when in the battery forced cooling heat pump refrigeration mode, the high-temperature refrigerant generated by the compressor 6 passes through the four-way reversing valve 7 and enters the outdoor heat exchanger 8 to transfer heat to the outdoor environment of the vehicle, and continues to pass through the second three-way valve 9 and the second expansion valve 11. The refrigerant temperature is further reduced through the throttling process, and then enters the plate heat exchanger 12 to transfer the cold to the battery coolant circuit, and then passes through the first three-way valve 4, the four-way reversing valve 7, the liquid storage tank 5 in sequence, and finally enters the compressor 6.

[0046] like Fig. 9 As shown, when in the battery heating heat pump heating mode, the high-temperature refrigerant generated by the compressor 6 passes through the four-way reversing valve 7 and the first three-way valve 4 in sequence, enters the plate heat exchanger 12, transfers heat to the battery coolant circuit through heat exchange, continues to pass through the second expansion valve 11, the second three-way valve 13, and then passes through the outdoor heat exchanger 8 for heat exchange, and then passes through the four-way reversing valve 7 and the liquid storage tank 5 in sequence, and finally enters the compressor 6;

[0047] like Fig.10 As shown, when in the battery heating motor electronic control waste heat recovery mode, the coolant heated by the waste heat of the electronic control 19 and the motor 18 passes through the fourth three-way valve 16, the third three-way valve 13, the battery pack 14, the first water pump 15, the seventh three-way valve 22, the second water pump 20, and finally enters the electronic control 19 and the motor 18.

[0048] like Fig.11 As shown, when in the battery heating PTC auxiliary heating mode, the coolant heated by the PTC25 passes through the ninth three-way valve 24, the eighth three-way valve 23, the fourth three-way valve 16, the third three-way valve 13, the battery pack 14, the first water pump 15, the seventh three-way valve 22, the thirteenth valve 27, the third water pump 26, and finally enters the PTC25.

[0049] like Fig.12 As shown, when in the natural heat dissipation mode of the motor and electronic control, the coolant heated by the waste heat of the electronic control 18 and the motor 19 passes through the fifth three-way valve 17, the fourth three-way valve 16, and the eighth three-way valve 23 in sequence, and then passes through the radiator 28 to dissipate heat and then passes through the expansion water tank 29, the seventh three-way valve 22, the sixth three-way valve 21, the second water pump 20 in sequence, and finally enters the electronic control 18.

[0050] like Fig.13As shown, when in the motor-controlled heating PTC auxiliary heating mode, the coolant heated by the PTC25 passes through the ninth three-way valve 24, the eighth three-way valve 23, the fourth three-way valve 16, the fifth three-way valve 17, the motor 18, the electronic control 19, the second water pump 20, the sixth three-way valve 21, the seventh three-way valve 22, the thirteenth valve 27, the third water pump 26, and finally enters the PTC25.

[0051] Therefore, this system is a highly integrated thermal management system for electric vehicles. In the process of winter heating and summer cooling, full use is made of the heat generated by the three-electric system. In the winter heating mode, if the power of the three-electric system is small, the waste heat of the motor and electronic control system can be used to heat the battery pack. If the power of the three-electric system is large, the waste heat of the motor and electronic control system is used to heat the indoor air of the vehicle, reducing the heating demand of the heat pump system and the PTC auxiliary heating system; in the summer cooling mode, according to the temperature threshold of the three-electric system, when it is below the temperature threshold, the three-electric system adopts natural heat dissipation, and when it is above the temperature threshold, forced cooling is adopted, which effectively reduces the cooling capacity of the heat pump system.

[0052] The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical concept and features of the present invention, and their purpose is to enable ordinary technicians in the field to understand the content of the present invention and implement it accordingly, and they cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any equivalent changes or modifications made based on the essence of the content of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A thermal management system for an electric vehicle, characterized in that: Including a second heat exchanger, a first heat exchanger, an indoor heat exchanger, a first three-way valve, a liquid storage tank, a compressor, a four-way reversing valve, an outdoor heat exchanger, a second three-way valve, a first expansion valve, a second expansion valve, a plate heat exchanger, a third three-way valve, a battery pack, a first water pump, a fourth three-way valve, a fifth three-way valve, a motor, an electronic control, a second water pump, a sixth three-way valve, a seventh three-way valve, an eighth three-way valve, a ninth three-way valve, a PTC, a third water pump, a thirteenth valve, a radiator and an expansion water tank; The four interfaces of the four-way reversing valve are respectively connected to one end of the outdoor heat exchanger, one end of the compressor, one end of the liquid storage tank and one interface of the first three-way valve; the other end of the compressor is connected to the other end of the liquid storage tank; the other two interfaces of the first three-way valve are respectively connected to one end of one side of the plate heat exchanger and one end of the indoor heat exchanger; the other end of the indoor heat exchanger is connected to one end of the first expansion valve, and the other end of one side of the plate heat exchanger is connected to one end of the second expansion valve; the other end of the outdoor heat exchanger, the other end of the first expansion valve and the other end of the second expansion valve are respectively connected to the three interfaces of the second three-way valve; One end of the other side of the plate heat exchanger is connected to an interface of the seventh three-way valve, and the other end of the other side of the plate heat exchanger is connected to an interface of the third three-way valve; the other two interfaces of the third three-way valve are respectively connected to one end of the battery pack and an interface of the fourth three-way valve; the other end of the battery pack is connected to one end of the first water pump, and the other end of the first water pump is connected to the pipeline connecting the plate heat exchanger and the seventh three-way valve; The other two interfaces of the fourth three-way valve are respectively connected to an interface of the fifth three-way valve and an interface of the eighth three-way valve; the other two interfaces of the fifth three-way valve are respectively connected to one end of the motor and one end of the first heat exchanger; the other end of the motor is connected to one end of the electric control, the other end of the electric control is connected to one end of the second water pump, the other end of the second water pump is connected to an interface of the sixth three-way valve, and the other two interfaces of the sixth three-way valve are respectively connected to the other end of the first heat exchanger and the other interface of the seventh three-way valve; Another interface of the seventh three-way valve is connected to one end of the radiator, and the other end of the radiator is connected to another interface of the eighth three-way valve; the expansion water tank is connected to the pipeline connecting the seventh three-way valve and the radiator; Another interface of the eighth three-way valve is connected to an interface of the ninth three-way valve, the other two interfaces of the ninth three-way valve are respectively connected to one end of the second heat exchanger and one end of the PTC, the other end of the PTC is connected to one end of the third water pump, the other end of the third water pump is connected to an interface of the thirteenth way valve, the other interface of the thirteenth way valve is connected to the other end of the second heat exchanger, and another interface of the thirteenth way valve is connected to the pipeline connecting the seventh three-way valve and the expansion water tank.

2. The electric vehicle thermal management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: When in the passenger compartment cooling mode, the high-temperature refrigerant generated by the compressor enters the outdoor heat exchanger through the four-way reversing valve, transfers heat to the outdoor environment, continues to pass through the second three-way valve and the first expansion valve, and the refrigerant temperature is further reduced through the throttling process, and then enters the indoor heat exchanger to absorb heat; the refrigerant then passes through the first three-way valve, the four-way reversing valve, the liquid storage tank, and finally enters the compressor; When in the passenger compartment heating mode, the high-temperature refrigerant generated by the compressor passes through the four-way reversing valve and the first three-way valve in sequence, enters the interior heat exchanger, transfers heat to the interior air, continues to pass through the first expansion valve, and the refrigerant temperature is further reduced through the throttling process, and then enters the exterior heat exchanger to absorb heat; the refrigerant then passes through the four-way reversing valve and the liquid storage tank in sequence, and finally enters the compressor.

3. The electric vehicle thermal management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: When in the passenger compartment heating PTC auxiliary heating mode, the coolant heated by the PTC enters the second heat exchanger through the ninth three-way valve for heat exchange, and then passes through the thirteenth valve and the third water pump in sequence, and finally enters the PTC.

4. The electric vehicle thermal management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: When in the passenger compartment heating motor electronic control waste heat recovery mode, the coolant heated by the waste heat of the electronic control and the motor enters the second heat exchanger through the fifth three-way valve for heat exchange, and then passes through the sixth three-way valve and the second water pump in sequence, and finally enters the electronic control and the motor.

5. The electric vehicle thermal management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: When in the battery natural heat dissipation mode, the coolant heated by the residual heat of the battery pack passes through the first water pump, the seventh three-way valve, the expansion water tank in sequence, and then passes through the eighth three-way valve, the fourth three-way valve, the third three-way valve in sequence after being cooled by the radiator, and finally enters the battery pack; When in the battery self-circulation thermal management mode, the battery pack, the first water pump, the plate heat exchanger, and the third three-way valve sequentially form a loop, and the loop does not exchange heat with the outside.

6. The electric vehicle thermal management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: When in the battery heating heat pump heating mode, the high-temperature refrigerant generated by the compressor passes through the four-way reversing valve and the first three-way valve in turn, enters the plate heat exchanger, transfers heat to the battery coolant circuit through heat exchange, continues to pass through the second expansion valve, the second three-way valve, and then passes through the outdoor heat exchanger for heat exchange, and then passes through the four-way reversing valve and the liquid storage tank in turn, and finally enters the compressor.

7. The electric vehicle thermal management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: When in the battery heating motor electronic control waste heat recovery mode, the coolant heated by the electronic control and motor waste heat passes through the fourth three-way valve, the third three-way valve, the battery pack, the first water pump, the seventh three-way valve, the second water pump, and finally enters the electronic control and the motor.

8. The electric vehicle thermal management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: When in the battery heating PTC auxiliary heating mode, the coolant heated by the PTC passes through the ninth three-way valve, the eighth three-way valve, the fourth three-way valve, the third three-way valve, the battery pack, the first water pump, the seventh three-way valve, the thirteenth valve, the third water pump, and finally enters the PTC.

9. The electric vehicle thermal management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the motor and electronic control are in natural heat dissipation mode, the coolant heated by the electronic control and the waste heat of the motor passes through the fifth three-way valve, the fourth three-way valve, and the eighth three-way valve in sequence, and then passes through the radiator to dissipate heat and then passes through the expansion water tank, the seventh three-way valve, the sixth three-way valve, the second water pump in sequence, and finally enters the electronic control.

10. The electric vehicle thermal management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: When in the motor-controlled heating PTC auxiliary heating mode, the coolant heated by the PTC passes through the ninth three-way valve, the eighth three-way valve, the fourth three-way valve, the fifth three-way valve, the motor, the electronic control, the second water pump, the sixth three-way valve, the seventh three-way valve, the thirteenth valve, the third water pump, and finally enters the PTC.

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