Tomato Package Fertilizer Resistant to Continuous Cropping Diseases and Its Application Method

Abstract

The present application discloses a tomato package fertilizer for resisting continuous cropping diseases and a method for applying the same, belonging to the technical field of fertilizers. The tomato package fertilizer for resisting continuous cropping diseases in the present application includes a solid base fertilizer, a liquid root-strengthening fertilizer, a liquid seedling-strengthening fertilizer, and a liquid flower and fruit fertilizer; the base fertilizer is composed of food waste fermentation material and compound microbial agent A, and the compound microbial agent A contains Bacillus velezensis and Streptomyces microflavus; the root-strengthening fertilizer contains kitchen waste fermentation liquid, lysine solution, mineral source humic acid, polyacrylamide, seaweed polysaccharide, and compound microbial agent B; the effective components of the seedling-strengthening fertilizer are, calculated as pure nutrients: N 150-200 g / L, P2O5 100-120 g / L, K2O 150-200 g / L, organic matter 45-55 g / L, γ-polyglutamic acid 2-4 g / L; the effective components of the flower and fruit fertilizer are, calculated as pure nutrients: N 140-160 g / L, P2O5 60-80 g / L, K2O 200-220 g / L, Zn 0.5-0.7 g / L, B 0.2-0.4 g / L, organic matter 120-125 g / L, enzymatically hydrolyzed amino acid 10-12 g / L. The package fertilizer in the present application can quickly meet the nutrient requirements of tomatoes at different growth and development stages, reduce fertilizer waste while ensuring the healthy growth of tomatoes, effectively prevent the occurrence of continuous cropping diseases, and greatly improve the crop quality and yield.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of fertilizers, and particularly to a tomato package fertilizer for resisting continuous cropping diseases and its application method. Background Art

[0002] Tomato is one of the most widely cultivated fruit vegetables in the world. Its fruits are rich in nutrients and vitamins, and can be eaten raw, cooked, processed into tomato ketchup, juice or canned food, or made into products such as tomato dried, tomato powder, and lycopene.

[0003] Tomato belongs to the type of crops with medium nitrogen, medium phosphorus, and high potassium. During the planting process of tomatoes, in order to promote their growth and increase their yield, farmers often apply a large amount of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium chemical fertilizers. The application of a large amount of chemical fertilizers will lead to soil compaction, salinization, lack of medium and trace elements, and reduction of beneficial bacteria, resulting in poor early growth of tomatoes, such as weak growth, burning seedlings, fumigating seedlings, and poor stress resistance, seriously affecting the improvement of tomato yield and quality.

[0004] In addition, when tomatoes are continuously planted in the same greenhouse for many years, the rhizosphere ecological environment of continuous cropping tomatoes will deteriorate, resulting in continuous cropping diseases of tomatoes such as bacterial wilt, basal stem rot, and fusarium wilt. At present, chemical agents are often sprayed and irrigated with the roots to treat continuous cropping diseases. Spraying chemical agents will kill most of the harmful bacteria and beneficial bacteria in the soil, the soil microbial ecosystem is damaged, and the tomato root ecosystem is also adversely affected, and the continuous cropping phenomenon continues to occur. Root irrigation with agents cannot effectively eliminate continuous cropping obstacles and has hysteresis.

[0005] Therefore, how to resist continuous cropping diseases while ensuring the healthy growth of tomatoes has become an urgent problem to be solved at present. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In order to solve the problem of continuous cropping diseases of tomatoes while ensuring the healthy growth of tomatoes, this application provides a tomato package fertilizer for resisting continuous cropping diseases and its application method.

[0007] In the first aspect, this application provides a tomato package fertilizer for resisting continuous cropping diseases, adopting the following technical scheme:

[0008] A tomato package fertilizer for resisting continuous cropping diseases includes a solid base fertilizer, a liquid root-strengthening fertilizer, a liquid seedling-strengthening fertilizer, and a liquid flower and fruit fertilizer; the base fertilizer is composed of food waste fermentation material and compound bactericide A, and 1.5 - 2.5 kg of compound bactericide A is added to each ton of food waste fermentation material. Compound bactericide A contains Bacillus velezensis and Streptomyces microflavus.

[0009] The described root-strengthening fertilizer contains the following components: 65-67 wt.% of kitchen waste fermentation liquid, 18-22 wt.% of lysine liquid, 6-10 wt.% of mineral source fulvic acid, 1-3 wt.% of polyacrylamide, 2-4 wt.% of seaweed polysaccharide, and 0.5-1.5 wt.% of compound microbial agent B;

[0010] The effective components of the described seedling-strengthening fertilizer in terms of pure nutrients are respectively: N 150-200 g / L, P2O5 100-120 g / L, K2O 150-200 g / L, organic matter 45-55 g / L, and γ-polyglutamic acid 2-4 g / L;

[0011] The effective components of the described flower and fruit fertilizer in terms of pure nutrients are respectively: N 140-160 g / L, P2O5 60-80 g / L, K2O 200-220 g / L, Zn 0.5-0.7 g / L, B 0.2-0.4 g / L, organic matter 120-125 g / L, and enzymatically hydrolyzed amino acid 10-12 g / L.

[0012] By adopting the above scheme, the package fertilizer of the present application can quickly meet the nutrient requirements of tomatoes at different growth and development stages, reduce fertilizer waste while ensuring the healthy growth of tomatoes, effectively prevent the occurrence of continuous cropping diseases, and greatly improve the crop quality and yield. Among them, in the present application, by selecting food waste fermentation material as the base fertilizer raw material and adding compound microbial agent A containing Bacillus velezensis and Streptomyces microflavus at the same time, nutrients such as organic matter and microbial communities such as growth-promoting bacteria can be supplemented into the soil, a high-quality soil ecosystem can be established, the soil can be improved, the root activity can be enhanced, and continuous cropping can be resisted; in the present application, by selecting kitchen waste fermentation liquid as the root-strengthening fertilizer raw material and adding compound microbial agent B, mineral source fulvic acid, lysine, polyacrylamide and seaweed polysaccharide at the same time, not only can the rich nutrients in kitchen waste be utilized to turn waste into treasure, but also a biocontrol rhizosphere environment can be formed to improve the rhizosphere environment during the rooting period of tomatoes; the nitrogen source in the seedling-strengthening fertilizer of the present application can be derived from urea ammonium nitrate, the phosphorus source can be derived from monoammonium phosphate, the potassium source can be derived from potassium sulfate, and the organic matter can be derived from kitchen waste fermentation liquid. The seedling-strengthening fertilizer can optimize the nutrient supply of tomatoes during the vegetative growth period, and the added γ-polyglutamic acid can promote the formation of aggregate structures of other nutrients and the soil, prevent the loss of nutrient components, and improve the nutrient absorption efficiency; the nitrogen source in the flower and fruit fertilizer of the present application can be derived from urea ammonium nitrate, the phosphorus source can be derived from monoammonium phosphate, the potassium source can be derived from potassium sulfate, the organic matter can be derived from kitchen waste fermentation liquid, and the zinc and boron elements are both in the form of EDTA chelate. The flower and fruit fertilizer can optimize the nutrient supply of tomatoes during the flowering and fruiting period, and the added enzymatically hydrolyzed amino acid can provide an efficient nitrogen source for tomato plants, improve the disease resistance of the plants and the fruit quality.

[0013] Preferably, the food waste fermentation material in the base fertilizer contains the following components: organic matter 75-80 wt.%, total humic acid 35-38 wt.%, nitrogen + phosphorus + potassium 3-5 wt.%, calcium + magnesium + iron + manganese + zinc + iodine 400-450 mg / kg. The food waste fermentation material in the base fertilizer of the present application can provide a large amount of organic matter, organic-source macronutrients, and micronutrients such as calcium and magnesium. It can not only promote the establishment of a high-quality soil ecosystem but also be directly absorbed and utilized by plants, improve the stress resistance of plants, and increase yield and quality.

[0014] More preferably, the food waste fermentation material includes the following preparation steps: First, screen the inorganic substances from the collected food waste to obtain food waste organic waste; then, add the food waste organic waste, mushroom residue, eggshell powder, and rice husk powder to a biochemical machine according to a mass ratio of 5:2:1:3, and add 0.2-0.25 g of fermentation inoculant per kilogram of food waste organic waste, and ferment at a constant temperature of 60-80 °C for 8-10 h. Finally, dry the fermented material until the moisture content ≤ 8% to obtain the target food waste fermentation material. The preparation method of the food waste fermentation material in the present application is simple, the preparation time is short, and the prepared food waste fermentation material contains a large amount of organic matter, organic-source macronutrients, and micronutrients such as calcium and magnesium.

[0015] Preferably, the composite bactericide A is composed of the following components in parts by mass: 2 parts of Bacillus velezensis, 1 part of Bacillus subtilis, and 1 part of Streptomyces microflavus. The composite bactericide obtained by directly mixing specific amounts of Bacillus velezensis, Bacillus subtilis, and Streptomyces microflavus in the present application can cooperate synergistically with the nutrient components provided in the food waste fermentation material to jointly build a high-quality soil ecosystem, improve the soil, enhance root activity, and resist continuous cropping.

[0016] Preferably, the composite bactericide B is composed of the following components in parts by mass: 1 part of Bacillus subtilis, 1 part of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, 1 part of Bacillus megaterium, 1 part of Brevibacillus laterosporus, and 0.5 part of Paenibacillus mucilaginosus. The composite bactericide obtained by directly mixing specific amounts of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Bacillus megaterium, Brevibacillus laterosporus, and Paenibacillus mucilaginosus in the present application can cooperate synergistically with other components in the root strengthening fertilizer to form a biocontrol rhizosphere environment and improve the rhizosphere environment during the tomato rooting period.

[0017] Preferably, the mass ratio of N, P2O5, and K2O in the seedling strengthening fertilizer is (1.5-2):1:(1.5-2).

[0018] Preferably, the organic matter in the seedling strengthening fertilizer is derived from kitchen waste fermentation liquid, and / or the organic matter in the flower and fruit fertilizer is derived from kitchen waste fermentation liquid.

[0019] In a second aspect, the present application provides a method for applying the above tomato package fertilizer for resisting continuous cropping diseases, adopting the following technical solution:

[0020] A method for applying a tomato package fertilizer for resisting continuous cropping diseases, comprising the following steps:

[0021] Base fertilizer: 7 to 10 days before tomato planting, evenly spread the base fertilizer on the soil surface, then rotary till the soil, with the tillage depth of 20 cm. After rotary tillage, sprinkle water to make the soil humidity at a depth of 0 - 20 cm not less than 60%. Let it stand, and make ridges 1 - 2 days before tomato planting;

[0022] Root - strengthening fertilizer: Apply the root - strengthening fertilizer to the soil for the first time 15 days after tomato planting, and apply the root - strengthening fertilizer for the second time when the maximum fruit diameter of the third cluster of tomatoes reaches 3 cm;

[0023] Seedling - strengthening fertilizer: Apply the seedling - strengthening fertilizer 7 days after the first application of the root - strengthening fertilizer;

[0024] Flower - and - fruit fertilizer: Apply the flower - and - fruit fertilizer for the first time when the maximum fruit of the first cluster of tomatoes reaches a diameter of 3 cm, apply it once every 10 - 15 days, and stop applying it 20 days before the last cluster of tomatoes ripens.

[0025] By adopting the above - mentioned scheme, the present application optimizes the fertilization method of the package fertilizer from three aspects: tomato cultivation soil conditioning, optimization of the rhizosphere environment during the tomato root - growing period, and optimization of nutrient supply during the tomato vegetative growth period and flower - and - fruit period. By reasonably applying the base fertilizer, root - strengthening fertilizer, seedling - strengthening fertilizer, and flower - and - fruit fertilizer with strong functionality and different contents of active ingredients to tomatoes at different growth stages using the fertilization method of the present application, it can quickly meet the nutritional requirements of tomatoes at different growth and development stages, effectively prevent the occurrence of continuous cropping diseases, improve the quality and yield of tomatoes. At the same time, it can also effectively improve the soil, regulate the transformation of soil substances and energy flow, and enhance the water - holding and fertilizer - retaining capacity of the soil.

[0026] Preferably, the application rate of the base fertilizer is 600 - 800 kg / mu; the application rate of the root - strengthening fertilizer each time is 10 L / mu; the application rate of the seedling - strengthening fertilizer is 10 L / mu; the application rate of the flower - and - fruit fertilizer each time is 10 L / mu.

[0027] Preferably, the root - strengthening fertilizer, seedling - strengthening fertilizer, and flower - and - fruit fertilizer are all first diluted with water into a dilution and then drip - irrigated to the roots of tomatoes along with water. By diluting the fertilizer stock solution into a dilution and then drip - irrigating it with water, the present application can make the fertilizer distribute more evenly in the cultivation area.

[0028] From the above description, it can be seen that the present application has the following advantages:

[0029] (1) According to the changing fertilizer requirements of tomatoes at different growth stages, this application rationally designs a tomato package fertilizer resistant to continuous cropping diseases. This tomato package fertilizer resistant to continuous cropping diseases includes basal fertilizers, root-strengthening fertilizers, seedling-strengthening fertilizers, and flower and fruit fertilizers with different contents of effective components, which can quickly meet the nutritional requirements of tomatoes at different growth and development stages, with balanced nutrients, scientific formulations, strong specificity, and high fertilizer efficiency. The package fertilizer of this application can ensure the healthy growth of tomatoes from three aspects: tomato cultivation soil conditioning, rhizosphere environment optimization during the tomato rooting period, and nutrient supply optimization during the tomato vegetative growth and flower and fruit periods, effectively prevent the occurrence of continuous cropping diseases, effectively increase the Vc content, lycopene content, and total soluble sugar content of tomato fruits, improve product quality, extend the shelf storage period, and greatly increase the mu yield of tomatoes. In addition, the seedling-strengthening fertilizer, root-strengthening fertilizer, and flower and fruit fertilizer in the package fertilizer of this application are all liquid fertilizers. After being applied to the soil, the nutrient components can be stored in the soil tillage layer for a longer time and absorbed by the roots more efficiently.

[0030] (2) By optimizing the fertilization method, this application rationally applies basal fertilizers, root-strengthening fertilizers, seedling-strengthening fertilizers, and flower and fruit fertilizers with different contents of effective components to tomatoes at different growth stages, which can quickly meet the nutritional requirements of tomatoes at different growth and development stages, avoid fertilizer waste, effectively prevent the occurrence of continuous cropping diseases, and improve tomato quality and yield. In addition, by applying the root-strengthening fertilizer once during the seedling stage and once during the fruiting stage, this application can improve the rhizosphere environment twice on the basis of soil improvement.

[0031] (3) In the prior art, in order to reduce the incidence of leaf diseases caused by high humidity in the facility during the overwintering period, foliar fertilizers are often sprayed on tomatoes. Tomatoes applied with the package fertilizer of this application can grow healthily without spraying foliar fertilizers anymore. Detailed implementation mode

[0032] The Bacillus velezensis involved in this application was deposited at the General Microbiology Center of the China Center for Type Culture Collection on September 21, 2022, with the deposit number CGMCC No. 25765. The Bacillus velezensis involved in this application can be activated by the conventional method and then transferred to a solid plate medium for streak culture. After the colonies grow, they are inoculated into a liquid medium for shaking culture. As for the culture conditions, the culture conditions recorded in the prior art (such as the microbiological culture manual) can be adopted. After the culture is completed, the obtained liquid culture is freeze-dried to obtain Bacillus velezensis (bacterial agent). Other microbial agents involved in this application, such as Bacillus subtilis, Streptomyces microflavus, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Bacillus megaterium, Brevibacillus laterosporus, and Paenibacillus mucilaginosus, can all be obtained through ordinary commercial channels.

[0033] Other raw materials involved in this application, such as lysine solution, mineral source fulvic acid, polyacrylamide, seaweed polysaccharide, γ-polyglutamic acid, enzymatically hydrolyzed amino acid, urea ammonium nitrate, monoammonium phosphate, and potassium sulfate, can all be obtained through ordinary commercial channels.

[0034] The following describes the present application in detail in conjunction with embodiments. The scope to be protected by this application is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0035] Preparation Example

[0036] Preparation Example 1

[0037] This preparation example provides a method for preparing food residue fermentation material, which includes the following steps:

[0038] First, screen the inorganic substances from the collected food residues to obtain food residue organic waste; then, add the food residue organic waste, mushroom residue, eggshell powder, and rice husk powder to a biochemical machine according to a mass ratio of 5:2:1:3, and add 0.2 g of fermentation inoculant per kilogram of food residue organic waste, and ferment at a constant temperature of 60 °C for 10 h; finally, dry the fermented material obtained by fermentation to a moisture content ≤ 8% to obtain the food residue fermentation material.

[0039] The food residue fermentation material prepared above is rich in nutrients, with a pH of 6.5 - 7.5, organic matter 76 wt.%, total humic acid 36.30 wt.%, nitrogen + phosphorus + potassium 3.4 wt.%, and calcium + magnesium + iron + manganese + zinc + iodine 402 mg / kg.

[0040] Preparation Example 2

[0041] This preparation example provides a method for preparing food residue fermentation material, which includes the following steps:

[0042] First, screen the inorganic substances from the collected food residues to obtain food residue organic waste; then, add the food residue organic waste, mushroom residue, eggshell powder, and rice husk powder to a biochemical machine according to a mass ratio of 5:2:1:3, and add 0.25 g of fermentation inoculant per kilogram of food residue organic waste, and ferment at a constant temperature of 80 °C for 8 h; finally, dry the fermented material obtained by fermentation to a moisture content ≤ 8% to obtain the food residue fermentation material.

[0043] The food residue fermentation material prepared above is rich in nutrients, with a pH of 6.5 - 7.5, organic matter 80 wt.%, total humic acid 37.91 wt.%, nitrogen + phosphorus + potassium 4.8 wt.%, and calcium + magnesium + iron + manganese + zinc + iodine 445 mg / kg.

[0044] Preparation Example 3

[0045] This preparation example provides a method for preparing kitchen waste fermentation liquid, which includes the following steps:

[0046] Kitchen waste is screened by a screening device to obtain solid waste and primary filtrate;

[0047] The primary filtrate is pulped by a pulping machine and then enters a hydrothermal treatment device for hydrothermal treatment. The conditions for hydrothermal treatment are: heating at 135°C, controlling the water temperature at 75°C, lasting for 10 hours, and then performing solid-liquid separation in a fine pressing device and oil-water separation in an oil-water separation device to separate the residue phase, grease, and secondary filtrate;

[0048] The secondary filtrate is anaerobically fermented. The conditions for anaerobic fermentation are: cooling the secondary filtrate to 35°C and then feeding it into a CSTR anaerobic reactor for anaerobic fermentation. The specific parameters are: adding a fermentation inoculant to every 1000 kg of secondary filtrate, fermentation time: 8 hours, fermentation temperature: 60°C, to obtain biogas, biogas residue, and fermentation broth. The fermentation broth is separated to obtain the target kitchen waste fermentation broth.

[0049] The fermentation inoculants in the above Preparation Examples 1 to 3 are all composed of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus circulans, Bacillus sphaericus, Bacillus stearothermophilus, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and Lactobacillus mixed in a viable cell ratio of 1:0.9:1.3:2.5:1.3:1.0, and their total viable cell count is 2.0×10 8 cfu / g.

[0050] Preparation Example 4

[0051] This preparation example provides a preparation method of a compound inoculant, which is composed of the following components mixed in parts by mass: 2 parts of Bacillus velezensis, 1 part of Bacillus subtilis, and 1 part of Streptomyces microflavus.

[0052] Preparation Example 5

[0053] This preparation example provides a preparation method of a compound inoculant, which is composed of the following components mixed in parts by mass: 1 part of Bacillus subtilis, 1 part of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, 1 part of Bacillus megaterium, 1 part of Brevibacillus laterosporus, and 0.5 part of Paenibacillus mucilaginosus.

[0054] Example

[0055] Example 1

[0056] This example provides a tomato package fertilizer A for resisting continuous cropping diseases, including a solid base fertilizer, a liquid root strengthening fertilizer, a liquid seedling strengthening fertilizer, and a liquid flower and fruit fertilizer;

[0057] The base fertilizer is composed of a meal residue fermentation material and compound inoculant A, and 2 kg of compound inoculant A is added to each ton of meal residue fermentation material. The effective viable cell count in the base fertilizer ≥ 2×10 8 cfu / g.

[0058] The root-strengthening fertilizer is composed of the following components by mass percentage: 66 wt.% of kitchen waste fermentation liquid, 20 wt.% of lysine solution, 8 wt.% of mineral-source fulvic acid, 2 wt.% of polyacrylamide, 3 wt.% of seaweed polysaccharide, and 1 wt.% of compound microbial agent B. The effective viable count contained in the root-strengthening fertilizer ≥ 20×10 8 cfu / ml.

[0059] The effective components of the seedling-strengthening fertilizer in terms of pure nutrients are respectively: N 150 g / L, P2O5 100 g / L, K2O 150 g / L, organic matter 45 g / L, γ-polyglutamic acid 2 g / L; among them, the mass ratio of N, P2O5 and K2O is 1.5:1:1.5.

[0060] The effective components of the flower and fruit fertilizer in terms of pure nutrients are respectively: N 140 g / L, P2O5 60 g / L, K2O 200 g / L, Zn 0.5 g / L, B 0.2 g / L, organic matter 120 g / L, enzymatically hydrolyzed amino acid 10 g / L.

[0061] In this example, the food waste fermentation material is the food waste fermentation material in Preparation Example 1, the kitchen waste fermentation liquid is the kitchen waste fermentation liquid in Preparation Example 3, the compound microbial agent A is the compound microbial agent in Preparation Example 4, and the compound microbial agent B is the compound microbial agent in Preparation Example 5.

[0062] The application method of the above tomato package fertilizer A for resisting continuous cropping diseases includes the following steps:

[0063] Base fertilizer: 8 days before tomato planting, evenly spread the base fertilizer on the soil surface, then rotary till the soil, the rotary tillage depth is 20 cm, after rotary tillage, sprinkle water to make the soil humidity at 0 - 20 cm depth not less than 60%, stand still, and make ridges 1 day before tomato planting; among them, the application amount of the base fertilizer is 600 kg / mu;

[0064] Root-strengthening fertilizer: 15 days after tomato planting, drip-irrigate the root-strengthening fertilizer aqueous solution on the soil for the first time, and drip-irrigate the root-strengthening fertilizer aqueous solution for the second time when the maximum fruit diameter of the third cluster of tomatoes of the tomato reaches 3 cm; among them, the application amount of the root-strengthening fertilizer applied each time is 8 L / mu;

[0065] Seedling-strengthening fertilizer: 7 days after the first application of the root-strengthening fertilizer, drip-irrigate the seedling-strengthening fertilizer aqueous solution, and the application amount of the seedling-strengthening fertilizer is 8 L / mu;

[0066] Flower and fruit fertilizer: When the maximum fruit of the first cluster of tomatoes of the tomato reaches 3 cm in diameter, drip-irrigate the flower and fruit fertilizer aqueous solution for the first time, apply it once every 15 days, and the application amount of the flower and fruit fertilizer each time is 8 L / mu, and stop applying it 20 days before the last cluster of tomatoes of the tomato matures.

[0067] Example 2

[0068] This embodiment provides a tomato package fertilizer B for resisting continuous cropping diseases, including a solid base fertilizer, a liquid root-strengthening fertilizer, a liquid seedling-strengthening fertilizer, and a liquid flower and fruit fertilizer;

[0069] The base fertilizer is made by mixing food waste fermentation material and compound microbial agent A, and 1.5 kg of compound microbial agent A is added to each ton of food waste fermentation material.

[0070] The root-strengthening fertilizer is composed of the following components by mass percentage: 65 wt.% of kitchen waste fermentation liquid, 21 wt.% of lysine liquid, 10 wt.% of mineral source fulvic acid, 1.5 wt.% of polyacrylamide, 2 wt.% of seaweed polysaccharide, and 0.5 wt.% of compound microbial agent B.

[0071] The effective components of the seedling-strengthening fertilizer in terms of pure nutrients are respectively: N 180 g / L, P2O5 120 g / L, K2O 180 g / L, organic matter 50 g / L, and γ-polyglutamic acid 3 g / L; among them, the mass ratio of N, P2O5 and K2O is 1.5:1:1.5.

[0072] The effective components of the flower and fruit fertilizer in terms of pure nutrients are respectively: N 150 g / L, P2O5 70 g / L, K2O 210 g / L, Zn 0.6 g / L, B 0.3 g / L, organic matter 122 g / L, and enzymatically hydrolyzed amino acid 11 g / L.

[0073] The food waste fermentation material in this embodiment adopts the food waste fermentation material in Preparation Example 1, the kitchen waste fermentation liquid adopts the kitchen waste fermentation liquid in Preparation Example 3, the compound microbial agent A adopts the compound microbial agent in Preparation Example 4, and the compound microbial agent B adopts the compound microbial agent in Preparation Example 5.

[0074] The application method of the above tomato package fertilizer B for resisting continuous cropping diseases includes the following steps:

[0075] Base fertilizer: Seven days before tomato planting, evenly spread the base fertilizer on the soil surface, then rotary till the soil, with the rotary tillage depth of 20 cm. After rotary tillage, sprinkle water to make the soil humidity at a depth of 0 - 20 cm not less than 60%, and let it stand. Make a ridge one day before tomato planting; among them, the application amount of the base fertilizer is 700 kg / mu;

[0076] Root-strengthening fertilizer: Fifteen days after tomato planting, drip-irrigate the aqueous solution of the root-strengthening fertilizer on the soil for the first time, and drip-irrigate the aqueous solution of the root-strengthening fertilizer for the second time when the maximum fruit diameter of the third cluster of tomatoes reaches 3 cm; among them, the application amount of the root-strengthening fertilizer each time is 10 L / mu;

[0077] Seedling-strengthening fertilizer: Seven days after the first application of the root-strengthening fertilizer, drip-irrigate the aqueous solution of the seedling-strengthening fertilizer, and the application amount of the seedling-strengthening fertilizer is 10 L / mu;

[0078] Flower and fruit fertilizer: When the largest fruit of the first cluster of tomatoes reaches a diameter of 3 cm, the flower and fruit fertilizer aqueous solution is drip-irrigated for the first time, and it is applied once every 13 days. The application amount of the flower and fruit fertilizer each time is 10 L / mu, and the application stops 20 days before the last cluster of tomatoes matures.

[0079] Example 3

[0080] This example provides a tomato package fertilizer C for resisting continuous cropping diseases, including solid base fertilizer, liquid root-strengthening fertilizer, liquid seedling-strengthening fertilizer, and liquid flower and fruit fertilizer;

[0081] The base fertilizer is composed of food waste fermentation material and complex microbial agent A, and 2.5 kg of complex microbial agent A is added to each ton of food waste fermentation material.

[0082] The root-strengthening fertilizer is composed of the following components mixed by mass percentage: 67 wt.% of kitchen waste fermentation liquid, 18 wt.% of lysine solution, 6.5 wt.% of mineral source fulvic acid, 3 wt.% of polyacrylamide, 4 wt.% of seaweed polysaccharide, and 1.5 wt.% of complex microbial agent B.

[0083] The effective components of the seedling-strengthening fertilizer are, in terms of pure nutrients: N 200 g / L, P2O5 100 g / L, K2O 200 g / L, organic matter 55 g / L, γ-polyglutamic acid 4 g / L; among them, the mass ratio of N, P2O5 and K2O is 2:1:2.

[0084] The effective components of the flower and fruit fertilizer are, in terms of pure nutrients: N 160 g / L, P2O5 80 g / L, K2O 220 g / L, Zn 0.7 g / L, B 0.4 g / L, organic matter 125 g / L, enzymatically hydrolyzed amino acid 12 g / L.

[0085] In this example, the food waste fermentation material is the food waste fermentation material in Preparation Example 1, the kitchen waste fermentation liquid is the kitchen waste fermentation liquid in Preparation Example 3, the complex microbial agent A is the complex microbial agent in Preparation Example 4, and the complex microbial agent B is the complex microbial agent in Preparation Example 5.

[0086] The application method of the above-mentioned tomato package fertilizer C for resisting continuous cropping diseases includes the following steps:

[0087] Base fertilizer: 10 days before tomato planting, the base fertilizer is evenly spread on the soil surface, and then the soil is rotary tillaged to a depth of 20 cm. After rotary tillage, water is sprinkled to make the soil humidity at a depth of 0 - 20 cm not less than 60%, and it is left standing. Ridges are made 1 day before tomato planting; among them, the application amount of the base fertilizer is 800 kg / mu;

[0088] Root-strengthening fertilizer: 15 days after tomato planting, the root-strengthening fertilizer aqueous solution is drip-irrigated on the soil for the first time, and the root-strengthening fertilizer aqueous solution is drip-irrigated for the second time when the largest fruit of the third cluster of tomatoes reaches a diameter of 3 cm; among them, the application amount of the root-strengthening fertilizer each time is 12 L / mu;

[0089] Strong seedling fertilizer: 7 days after the first application of the strong root fertilizer, drip-irrigate the aqueous solution of the strong seedling fertilizer. The application rate of the strong seedling fertilizer is 12 L / mu.

[0090] Flower and fruit fertilizer: When the largest fruit of the first cluster of tomatoes reaches a diameter of 3 cm, drip-irrigate the aqueous solution of the flower and fruit fertilizer for the first time. Apply it once every 10 days, and the application amount of the flower and fruit fertilizer each time is 12 L / mu. Stop applying 20 days before the last cluster of tomatoes ripens.

[0091] Comparative Example 1

[0092] This comparative example provides a package fertilizer D1, the difference from Example 1 is that Bacillus velezensis is not added to the base fertilizer of this comparative example's package fertilizer.

[0093] The package fertilizer D1 provided by this comparative example is applied by the same method as in Example 1.

[0094] Comparative Example 2

[0095] This comparative example provides a package fertilizer D2, the difference from Example 1 is that Streptomyces microflavus is not added to the base fertilizer of this comparative example's package fertilizer.

[0096] The package fertilizer D2 provided by this comparative example is applied by the same method as in Example 1.

[0097] Comparative Example 3

[0098] This comparative example provides a package fertilizer D3, the difference from Example 1 is that γ-polyglutamic acid is not added to the strong seedling fertilizer of this comparative example's package fertilizer.

[0099] The package fertilizer D3 provided by this comparative example is applied by the same method as in Example 1.

[0100] Comparative Example 4

[0101] This comparative example provides a package fertilizer D4, the difference from Example 1 is that enzymatically hydrolyzed amino acids are not added to the flower and fruit fertilizer of this comparative example's package fertilizer.

[0102] The package fertilizer D4 provided by this comparative example is applied by the same method as in Example 1.

[0103] Comparative Example 5

[0104] This comparative example provides a package fertilizer D5, the difference from Example 1 is that the kitchen waste fermentation liquid in the strong root fertilizer of this comparative example's package fertilizer is replaced with mineral source fulvic acid in equal amount.

[0105] The package fertilizer D5 provided by this comparative example is applied by the same method as in Example 1.

[0106] Performance test

[0107] To test the effect of the tomato package fertilizer provided in this application for resisting continuous cropping diseases, the tomato package fertilizers provided in Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1-5 of this application were selected for the following tests.

[0108] Test plot: The test plot is located in the greenhouse planting area of continuous cropping tomato cultivation in the Sijiqing Pick-your-own Garden, Haidian District, Beijing.

[0109] Test variety: Cherry tomato.

[0110] The test method is as follows:

[0111] The test was set up with a research group and control groups 1-6, using a randomized block design. The planting areas of the research group and control groups 1-5 were each set up with 3 plots (Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ) for replication, and the area of each plot was 15m 2 , and the research group and control groups 1-5 were respectively fertilized with the tomato package fertilizers for resisting continuous cropping diseases in Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1-5, and the fertilization method was the same as that in Example 1. The tomato seedlings were planted on August 30th. Control group 6 was fertilized with the traditional scheme. The specific traditional scheme is as follows: 5 days before planting, chicken manure organic fertilizer and compound fertilizer (with the contents of N, P2O5, and K2O all being 15%) were spread on the soil surface. The dosage of chicken manure organic fertilizer was 1 ton per mu, and the dosage of compound fertilizer was 50 kg per mu. Tomato seedlings were planted on August 30th. The first topdressing, second topdressing, third topdressing, and fourth topdressing were carried out on the soil on November 10th, December 15th, January 20th, and February 25th respectively. The first topdressing used water-soluble fertilizer (with the contents of N, P2O5, and K2O all being 20%), and the dosage of water-soluble fertilizer was 5 kg per mu. The second topdressing used urea and potassium sulfate. The dosage of urea was 10 kg per mu, and the dosage of potassium sulfate was 8 kg per mu. The third topdressing used urea and potassium sulfate. The dosage of urea was 10 kg per mu, and the dosage of potassium sulfate was 12 kg per mu. The fourth topdressing used urea and potassium sulfate. The dosage of urea was 8 kg per mu, and the dosage of potassium sulfate was 12 kg per mu.

[0112] During the experiment, there were no other restrictions on the field management of greenhouse tomatoes. The management methods well-known in the art for greenhouse tomatoes could be adopted. The irrigation methods in the planting areas of each research group and the control group were the same, all using drip irrigation and equipped with common fertilizer applicators. The incidence of continuous cropping diseases (that is, the number of plants with continuous cropping diseases accounted for the total number of plants in this plot) was counted 60 days, 90 days, and 120 days after the tomatoes were planted. The results are shown in Table 1. The total yields of tomatoes were counted 140 days (January 20th of the second year) and 200 days (March 20th of the second year) after the tomatoes were planted. The results are shown in Table 2. During the harvest period, mature fruits in the planting areas of each group were randomly selected for quality determination. Among them, the lycopene content was determined according to the standard GB / T 22249-2008, the soluble solids content in tomatoes was determined according to the standard GB12295-1990, the soluble sugar content in tomatoes was determined according to the standard NYT 1278-2007, and the vitamin C content in tomatoes was determined by the direct iodometric method. The results are shown in Table 3.

[0113] Table 1

[0114]

[0115]

[0116] As can be seen from Table 1, the incidence of continuous cropping diseases of tomatoes in the research group and Control Groups 1-4 was significantly lower than that in Control Group 5, and the incidence of continuous cropping diseases of tomatoes in the research group was the lowest. This shows that applying the package fertilizer of the present application can greatly reduce the incidence of continuous cropping diseases of tomatoes.

[0117] Table 2

[0118]

[0119]

[0120] Table 3

[0121]

[0122] As can be seen from Table 2 and Table 3, the tomato yields and qualities in the research group and Control Groups 1-4 were significantly higher than those in Control Group 5, and the tomato yields and qualities in the research group were the highest. This shows that applying the package fertilizer of the present application can greatly improve the tomato yields and qualities.

[0123] It can be understood that the above specific description of the present application is only for explaining the present application and is not limited to the technical solutions described in the embodiments of the present application. Those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the present application can still be modified or equivalently replaced to achieve the same technical effects; as long as the use requirements are met, they are all within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A tomato package fertilizer for resisting continuous cropping diseases, characterized in that, It includes solid base fertilizer, liquid root-strengthening fertilizer, liquid seedling-strengthening fertilizer, and liquid flower and fruit fertilizer; The base fertilizer is composed of food waste fermentation material and compound microbial agent A. 1.5 - 2.5 kg of compound microbial agent A is added to each ton of food waste fermentation material. Compound microbial agent A contains Bacillus velezensis and Streptomyces microflavus; The root-strengthening fertilizer contains the following components: 65 - 67 wt.% of kitchen waste fermentation liquid, 18 - 22 wt.% of lysine solution, 6 - 10 wt.% of mineral source fulvic acid, 1 - 3 wt.% of polyacrylamide, 2 - 4 wt.% of seaweed polysaccharide, 0.5 - 1.5 wt.% of compound microbial agent B; The effective components of the seedling-strengthening fertilizer in terms of pure nutrients are respectively: N 150 - 200 g / L, P2O5 100 - 120 g / L, K2O 150 - 200 g / L, organic matter 45 - 55 g / L, γ-polyglutamic acid 2 - 4 g / L; The effective components of the flower and fruit fertilizer in terms of pure nutrients are respectively: N 140 - 160 g / L, P2O5 60 - 80 g / L, K2O 200 - 220 g / L, Zn 0.5 - 0.7 g / L, B 0.2 - 0.4 g / L, organic matter 120 - 125 g / L, enzymatically hydrolyzed amino acid 10 - 12 g / L; The food waste fermentation material in the base fertilizer contains the following components: 75 - 80 wt.% of organic matter, 35 - 38 wt.% of total humic acid, 3 - 5 wt.% of nitrogen + phosphorus + potassium, 400 - 450 mg / kg of calcium + magnesium + iron + manganese + zinc + iodine; The compound microbial agent B is composed of the following components by mass: 1 part of Bacillus subtilis, 1 part of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, 1 part of Bacillus megaterium, 1 part of Brevibacillus laterosporus, 0.5 part of Paenibacillus mucilaginosus.

2. The tomato package fertilizer for resisting continuous cropping diseases according to claim 1, characterized in that, The food waste fermentation material includes the following preparation steps: First, screen inorganic substances from the collected food waste to obtain food waste organic waste; Then, add the food waste organic waste, mushroom residue, eggshell powder, and rice husk powder to the biochemical machine according to a mass ratio of 5:2:1:3, and add 0.2 - 0.25 g of fermentation microbial agent per kilogram of food waste organic waste, and ferment at a constant temperature of 60 - 80 °C for 8 - 10 h. Finally, dry the fermented material to a moisture content ≤ 8% to obtain the target food waste fermentation material.

3. The tomato package fertilizer for resisting continuous cropping diseases as described in claim 1 is characterized in that, The compound microbial agent A is composed of the following components by mass: 2 parts of Bacillus velezensis, 1 part of Bacillus subtilis, 1 part of Streptomyces microflavus.

4. The tomato package fertilizer for resisting continuous cropping diseases according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mass ratio of N, P2O5, and K2O in the seedling-strengthening fertilizer is (1.5 - 2):1:(1.5 - 2).

5. The tomato package fertilizer for resisting continuous cropping diseases according to claim 1, characterized in that, The organic matter in the seedling-strengthening fertilizer is derived from kitchen waste fermentation liquid, and / or, the organic matter in the flower and fruit fertilizer is derived from kitchen waste fermentation liquid.

6. The application method of the tomato package fertilizer for resisting continuous cropping diseases according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that It includes the following steps: Base fertilizer: 7 - 10 days before tomato planting, evenly spread the base fertilizer on the soil surface, then rotary till the soil, the rotary tillage depth is 20 cm. After rotary tillage, sprinkle water to make the soil humidity at a depth of 0 - 20 cm not less than 60%, let it stand, and make ridges 1 - 2 days before tomato planting; Root-strengthening fertilizer: The root-strengthening fertilizer is applied to the soil for the first time 15 days after the tomato is planted. The root-strengthening fertilizer is applied for the second time when the maximum fruit diameter of the third cluster of tomatoes reaches 3 cm. Seedling-strengthening fertilizer: The seedling-strengthening fertilizer is applied 7 days after the first application of the root-strengthening fertilizer. Flower and fruit fertilizer: The flower and fruit fertilizer is applied for the first time when the maximum fruit of the first cluster of tomatoes reaches a diameter of 3 cm, and is applied once every 10 - 15 days. The application stops 20 days before the last cluster of tomatoes ripens. The application rate of the base fertilizer is 600 - 800 kg / mu; the application rate of the root-strengthening fertilizer each time is 8 - 12 L / mu; the application rate of the seedling-strengthening fertilizer is 8 - 12 L / mu; the application rate of the flower and fruit fertilizer each time is 8 - 12 L / mu.

7. The application method of the tomato package fertilizer for resisting continuous cropping diseases according to claim 6, characterized in that, The root-strengthening fertilizer, seedling-strengthening fertilizer, and flower and fruit fertilizer are all diluted with water into a dilution solution first and then drip-irrigated to the roots of the tomatoes along with the water.

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