A seed treatment

Abstract

This invention discloses a seed treatment agent with emodin as the active ingredient. The seed treatment agent, made with emodin as the active ingredient, is used to treat crop seeds and has a repellent effect against common birds. The seed treatment agent, made with emodin as the active ingredient, has a repellent effect at very low doses, and will not harm birds when used at the recommended dosage. It is safe for humans and animals, and is convenient to use, has a long-lasting effect, and is low in cost. The seed treatment agent made with emodin as the active ingredient can effectively reduce bird feeding and damage to crop seeds, has a significant protective effect, and low doses of emodin entering the environment will not cause harm to the ecological environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of seed treatment technology, and specifically relates to a seed treatment agent. Background Technology

[0002] The continuous improvement of the ecological environment has led to a sustained increase in the population and number of birds around farmland, which has adversely affected agricultural production. In particular, during the spring sowing season, sparrows, white-rumped munias, doves, magpies, and other birds feed heavily on the seeds of direct-seeded rice, spring corn, and other crops, forcing farmers to frequently replant or even resow. This not only wastes seeds and labor costs but also delays the crop growth period, affecting crop yield and quality. Due to land transfer, farmers' planting areas are becoming larger and larger, and traditional methods such as manual scare-aways, gonging, drumming, setting off firecrackers, and hanging ribbons are no longer effective in deterring birds.

[0003] Existing seed treatment agents contain ingredients that can harm birds. Even if the drugs used are less harmful to birds, they can still cause some pollution to the ecological environment.

[0004] Therefore, existing technologies need further improvement. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention aims to provide a seed treatment agent that has bird-repelling properties. This seed treatment agent can repel common birds even at low doses and will not damage the ecological environment.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows:

[0007] A seed treatment agent, wherein the seed treatment agent uses emodin as the active ingredient.

[0008] Emodin, chemical name: 1,3,8-trihydroxy-6-methylanthraquinone, CAS number: 518-82-1, is a natural product that exists in free and glycoside forms in the rhizomes and roots of the Polygonaceae plants *Rheum palmatum*, *Rheum palmatum*, and *Polygonum cuspidatum*. Emodin can also be prepared synthetically, for example, using 2-methylanthraquinone, or using 3,5-dinitrophthalic anhydride and m-cresol as raw materials.

[0009]

[0010] Rhein can be used as a laxative. Although it has laxative activity, its actual laxative effect is very weak because it is easily oxidized and destroyed in the body. However, it can exert a laxative effect when combined with sugars to form glycosides. Modern pharmacological research and clinical applications have shown that rhubarb has a variety of good effects, including antiviral, hemostatic, stomachic, choleretic, laxative, antipyretic, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, diuretic, lipid-lowering, antihypertensive, antitumor, and renal function-improving effects.

[0011] In clinical practice, pure emodin is used to treat tumors, primarily leukemia and gastric cancer, but its most common application is for antibacterial purposes. It inhibits many bacteria, including various Staphylococcus species, hemolytic streptococci, Corynebacterium diphtheriae, Vibrio cholerae, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, dermatophytes, Bacillus subtilis, Mycobacterium tumefaciens, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Bacillus anthracis, strychnine, Salmonella typhi, and Shigella dysenteriae. It is particularly effective against Staphylococcus, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, and Streptococcus. This product is also effective against fungi, viruses, and protozoa. Furthermore, it has diuretic, choleretic, antispasmodic, blood pressure-lowering, and immunosuppressive effects.

[0012] In modern clinical practice, emodin is used in almost every department, such as for the treatment of encephalitis B and mumps, typhoid fever, dysentery, urinary tract infections, gonorrhea, pneumonia, cellulitis, purulent skin diseases, otitis media, and vasculitis. It is also used in combination with other drugs to treat acute and subacute appendicitis, burns, poliomyelitis, eczema, and some fungal skin infections. Additionally, it can treat hepatitis, pinworms, stomatitis, oral ulcers, indigestion, hypertension, and arteriosclerosis. Therefore, emodin has extremely wide clinical applications. Recent data indicate that emodin can affect the in vitro proliferation of keratinocytes; it can prevent restenosis after coronary intervention; and it can inhibit human renal fibroblasts. Although emodin has low toxicity, it is contraindicated in pregnant women because it may cause miscarriage.

[0013] There is no publicly available information on the use of emodin in crop seed treatment for bird repellency. The inventors of this invention treat crop seeds with emodin. When birds consume these treated seeds, they experience gastrointestinal discomfort. The birds then associate the adverse effects of the chemical substance (unconditioned stimulus) with certain sensory attributes of the food (such as sight, smell, taste, or hearing) (conditioned stimulus), thus learning to avoid consuming it. This effectively reduces the consumption and damage to crop seeds by various birds, demonstrating a significant protective effect on crop seeds.

[0014] The following are preferred technical solutions of the present invention, but are not intended to limit the technical solutions provided by the present invention. The purpose and beneficial effects of the present invention can be better achieved and realized through the following preferred technical solutions.

[0015] As a preferred technical solution, the seed treatment agent, wherein the weight percentage of emodin in the seed treatment agent to the total weight of the seed treatment agent can be 1% to 5%, 5% to 10%, 10% to 20%, 20% to 30%, 30% to 40%, 40% to 50%, 50% to 60%, 60% to 70%, or 70% to 80%.

[0016] As a preferred technical solution, the seed treatment agent is formulated as one of the following: seed treatment suspension, seed treatment dispersible powder, seed treatment emulsion, seed treatment liquid, or seed treatment dry powder, preferably a seed treatment suspension or a seed treatment dispersible powder.

[0017] As a preferred technical solution, the seed treatment agent has the effect of repelling birds, where the birds are birds that feed on crop seeds.

[0018] As a preferred technical solution, the seed treatment agent includes, but is not limited to, white-rumped munias, sparrows, magpies, spotted doves, and chickens.

[0019] As a preferred technical solution, the seed treatment agent further comprises, by mass percentage: 0.5-20% surfactant, 0.5-5% antifreeze, 0.2-12% film-forming agent, and 0.5-15% colorant.

[0020] As a preferred technical solution, the seed treatment agent wherein the surfactant is selected from one or more combinations of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, acrylic acid copolymer, EO-PO block copolymer, tristyrene-phenol polyoxyethylene ether phosphate, polyethylene oxide polyoxypropylene monobutyl ether, sodium naphthalene sulfonate formaldehyde condensate, polyvinylpyrrolidone, octylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, alkyl naphthalene sulfonate formaldehyde condensate, sodium dodecyl sulfate, sodium methylene dinaphthalene sulfonate, sodium lignin sulfonate, and sodium ester sulfonate.

[0021] As a preferred technical solution, the seed treatment agent, wherein the antifreeze is at least one selected from ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, glycerol, polyethylene glycol, and sorbitol.

[0022] As a preferred technical solution, the seed treatment agent wherein the film-forming agent is at least one of polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyethylene glycol, polyvinyl acetate, polypropylene, polyurethane, or sodium carboxymethyl cellulose.

[0023] Beneficial effects: Compared with the prior art, the seed treatment agent made by the present invention, which uses emodin as the active ingredient, to treat crop seeds has a repellent effect against common birds. The seed treatment agent made by emodin as the active ingredient has a repellent effect at very low doses, and will not harm birds when used at the recommended dose. It is safe for humans and animals, and is convenient to use, has a long-lasting effect, and is low in cost. The seed treatment agent made by emodin as the active ingredient can effectively reduce birds' consumption and damage to crop seeds, and has a significant protective effect. Moreover, the low dose of emodin will not cause harm to the ecological environment after entering the environment. Detailed Implementation

[0024] This invention provides a seed treatment agent. To make the objectives, technical solutions, and effects of this invention clearer and more explicit, the invention is further described in detail below. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

[0025] Those skilled in the art will understand that, unless specifically stated otherwise, the singular forms “a,” “an,” “the,” and “the” used herein may also include the plural forms. It should be further understood that the word “comprising” as used in this specification means the presence of the stated features, integers, or steps, but does not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features.

[0026] It will be understood by those skilled in the art that, unless otherwise defined, all terms used herein (including technical and scientific terms) have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. It should also be understood that terms such as those defined in general dictionaries should be understood to have the same meaning as in the context of the prior art, and should not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless specifically defined as herein.

[0027] To address the problems of existing seed treatment agents, such as high dosage and environmental impact, this invention provides the following technical solution:

[0028] Emodin, commonly used as a fungicide in existing technologies, is used as a seed treatment agent. As a known raw material, the molecular structure and source of emodin are known, meaning its safety is clear and known. When used as a seed treatment agent for crops, the treated seeds can effectively reduce bird feeding and damage, exhibiting a significant protective effect. After entering the environment, it will not cause harm to the ecological environment.

[0029] In this embodiment, the emodin content is 10-60% by mass, the surfactant content is 2.5-15%, the antifreeze content is 1-4%, the film-forming agent content is 1-3%, and the colorant content is 5-10%.

[0030] The formulation of the seed treatment agent containing emodin is a general conventional formulation, including but not limited to one of the following formulations: seed treatment suspension (FS), seed treatment dispersible powder (WS), seed treatment emulsion (ES), seed treatment liquid (LS), or seed treatment dry powder (DS). Preferably, it is seed treatment suspension (FS) or seed treatment dispersible powder (WS).

[0031] The surfactants include, but are not limited to, one or more combinations of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ethers, acrylic acid copolymers, EO-PO block copolymers, tristyrene-phenol polyoxyethylene ether phosphates, polyethylene oxide-polypropylene oxide monobutyl ether, sodium naphthalene sulfonate formaldehyde condensate, polyvinylpyrrolidone, octylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, alkyl naphthalene sulfonate formaldehyde condensate, sodium dodecyl sulfate, sodium methylene dinaphthalene sulfonate, sodium lignin sulfonate, and sodium ester sulfonate.

[0032] The antifreeze agent includes, but is not limited to, at least one of ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, glycerol, polyethylene glycol, and sorbitol.

[0033] The film-forming agent includes, but is not limited to, at least one of polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyethylene glycol, polyvinyl acetate, polypropylene, polyurethane, or sodium carboxymethyl cellulose;

[0034] The colorants include, but are not limited to, fast red, permanent red, acid red, phthalocyanine blue, phthalocyanine green, permanent violet, etc.

[0035] The filler group includes, but is not limited to, one or more combinations of kaolin, talc, gypsum, diatomaceous earth, and water.

[0036] The seed treatment agent provided by the present invention will be further explained and illustrated below through specific preparation examples.

[0037] Formulation Example 1 (Emodin 10% FS)

[0038] In a shearing reactor, 10% emodin, 2.4% polyethylene oxide polypropylene oxide monobutyl ether, 0.7% octylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, 0.18% xanthan gum, 2% propylene glycol, 1.6% polyvinyl alcohol, and 6.0% phthalocyanine blue are sequentially vacuum-introduced. Water is added to 100%. After two high-speed shearing cycles and two sand milling cycles, and after passing the tests, the material is discharged and filtered to obtain a 10% emodin seed treatment suspension.

[0039] Formulation Example 2 (Emodin 15% WS)

[0040] Add the following materials sequentially to a mixing tank: 15% emodin, 1.9% sodium lignosulfonate, 0.5% octylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, 5% sodium methylene dinaphthalene sulfonate, 1.2% polyvinyl acetate, and 5% acid red B pigment. Add kaolin to bring the mixture to 100%. Turn on the mixer and stir for 1-1.5 hours until completely homogeneous. Turn on the air jet mill to pulverize the mixture. Stir the pulverized material again for 1-1.5 hours. Take a sample and test it to ensure it passes the test to obtain 15% emodin seed-treated dispersible powder.

[0041] Formulation Example 3 (Emodin 20% FS)

[0042] In a shearing reactor, 20% emodin, 2.3% polyethylene oxide polypropylene oxide monobutyl ether, 0.7% octylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, 0.15% xanthan gum, 2% propylene glycol, 1.8% polyvinyl alcohol, and 7.5% phthalocyanine blue are sequentially vacuum-introduced. Water is added to 100%. After two high-speed shearing cycles and two sand milling cycles, and after passing the tests, the material is discharged and filtered to obtain a 20% emodin seed treatment suspension.

[0043] Formulation Example 4 (Emodin 60% WS)

[0044] In a mixing tank, add 60% emodin, 2.4% sodium lignosulfonate, 1.3% octylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, 6.5% sodium methylene dinaphthalene sulfonate, 1.6% polyvinyl acetate, and 9% acid red B pigment in sequence. Add kaolin to bring the mixture to 100%. Turn on the mixer and stir for 1-1.5 hours until completely homogeneous. Turn on the air jet mill to pulverize the mixture. Stir the pulverized material again for 1-1.5 hours. Take a sample and test it to ensure it passes the test to obtain emodin 60% seed-treated dispersible powder.

[0045] Bioassay Examples:

[0046] The following examples illustrate how the inventors evaluated the feeding rejection rate of a crop seed treatment agent containing emodin by raising white-rumped munias, spotted doves, and chickens in artificial greenhouses. Feed rejection rate = (feeding rate of birds on the control crop - feeding rate of birds on the treated crop) / feeding rate of birds on the control crop * 100%.

[0047] Bioassay Example 1

[0048] Emodin 10% seed treatment suspension (FS) was used to treat corn seeds with different doses, and the feeding rate was calculated based on the weight of corn seeds consumed by spotted doves.

[0049] Table 1. Refusal rate of 10% emodin-free fecal reflux (FS)

[0050] Spotted dove Emodin 1.6 g / kg corn seeds 100.00％ Emodin 1.2 g / kg corn seeds 97.13％ Emodin 0.8 g / kg corn seeds 95.97％

[0051] Bioassay Example 2

[0052] Rice seeds were treated with different doses of 15% emodin seed treatment dispersible powder (WS), and the feeding rate was calculated based on the weight of rice seeds consumed by white-rumped munias.

[0053] Table 2. Rhein 15% WS Refusal Rate

[0054] White-rumped Munia Emodin 1.6 g / kg rice seed 100.00％ Emodin 1.2 g / kg rice seed 98.82％ Emodin 0.8 g / kg rice seeds 98.24％

[0055] Bioassay Example 3

[0056] Emodin 20% seed treatment suspension (FS) was used to treat corn seeds with different dosages, and the feed consumption rate was calculated based on the weight of corn seeds consumed by chickens.

[0057] Table 3. Rhein 20% FS Refusal Rate

[0058] domestic chicken Emodin 1.6 g / kg corn seeds 98.67％ Emodin 1.2 g / kg corn seeds 96.29％ Emodin 0.8 g / kg corn seeds 85.99％

[0059] Bioassay Example 4

[0060] Rhein 60% seed treatment dispersible powder (WS) was used to treat rice seeds with different dosages, and the feeding rate was calculated based on the weight of rice seeds consumed by spotted doves.

[0061] Table 4. Rhein-dependent WS rejection rate (60%)

[0062] Spotted dove Emodin 1.6 g / kg rice seed 99.93％ Emodin 1.2 g / kg rice seed 95.61％ Emodin 0.8 g / kg rice seeds 95.25％

[0063] In summary, this invention provides a seed treatment agent whose main component is emodin. Since the molecular structure and source of emodin are known, its biocompatibility is also known. Using emodin as an active ingredient to treat crop seeds causes adverse effects when these seeds are ingested by birds. These adverse effects, linked to certain sensory properties of the food, teach birds to avoid the food, thus acting as a bird deterrent. Experimental verification shows that low doses of the seed treatment agent are effective in repelling birds without harming them, are safe for humans and livestock, and are convenient to use, have a long-lasting effect, and are low in cost. Seed treatment agents made with emodin as the active ingredient can effectively reduce bird ingestion and damage to crop seeds, exhibiting a significant protective effect. Furthermore, low doses of emodin entering the environment will not harm the ecological environment.

[0064] The above description outlines the basic principles, main features, and performance advantages of this invention. It should be understood that the performance and applications of this invention are not limited to the examples described above. Those skilled in the art can make improvements or modifications based on the above description, and all such improvements and modifications should fall within the protection scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. Application of emodin as a seed treatment agent; The seed treatment agent has a bird-repelling effect, and the birds include: White-rumped munia, spotted dove, and chicken.

2. The application according to claim 1, characterized in that, The weight percentage of emodin in the seed treatment agent is 1-80% of the total weight of the seed treatment agent.

3. The application according to claim 2, characterized in that, The weight percentage of the emodin in the total weight of the seed treatment agent is 10-60%.

4. The application according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The seed treatment agent is available in the following formulations: seed treatment suspension, seed treatment dispersible powder, seed treatment emulsion, seed treatment liquid, or seed treatment dry powder.

5. The application according to claim 1, characterized in that, The seed treatment agent, by weight percentage, further includes: 0.5-20% surfactant, 0.5-5% antifreeze, 0.2-12% film-forming agent, and 0.5-15% colorant.

6. The application according to claim 5, characterized in that, The surfactant is selected from one or more combinations of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, acrylic acid copolymer, EO-PO block copolymer, tristyrene-phenol polyoxyethylene ether phosphate, polyethylene oxide polyoxypropylene monobutyl ether, sodium naphthalene sulfonate formaldehyde condensate, polyvinylpyrrolidone, octylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, alkyl naphthalene sulfonate formaldehyde condensate, sodium dodecyl sulfate, sodium methylene dinaphthalene sulfonate, sodium lignin sulfonate, and sodium ester sulfonate.

7. The application according to claim 6, characterized in that, The antifreeze is at least one of ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, glycerol, polyethylene glycol, and sorbitol.

8. The application according to claim 5, characterized in that, The film-forming agent is at least one of polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyethylene glycol, polyvinyl acetate, polypropylene, polyurethane, or sodium carboxymethyl cellulose.

Images