Tough downhole choke and choke self-regulating method

Abstract

This invention discloses a resilient downhole throttling device and a self-adjusting method for the throttling device. The resilient downhole throttling device includes an outer sleeve, with a gas production assembly rotatably mounted at the bottom of the outer sleeve. An air inlet is formed on the side wall of the outer sleeve outside the gas production assembly. A ventilation channel is formed inside the outer sleeve above the gas production assembly, communicating with the gas production assembly. A constant pressure assembly, a two-stage blade-type throttling assembly, and an electromagnetic detection assembly are sequentially arranged from bottom to top within the ventilation channel. A positioning assembly and a fixing assembly are also provided inside the outer wall of the outer sleeve. This invention significantly improves the throttling adjustment range through two-stage adjustable throttling and an adjustable gas production tank. Furthermore, it can still reliably adjust the throttling even when the two-stage adjustable blades are partially damaged, thus improving the equipment's resilience.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of natural gas extraction equipment technology, and in particular to a resilient downhole throttle and its self-adjusting method based on digital twins. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, the most widely used throttling devices in natural gas extraction are the slip-type throttling devices and the pre-set throttling devices. When using pre-set throttling devices, the unstable impact of natural gas during extraction can easily damage the throttling components. Some pre-set throttling devices use external mechanical force to change the number of throttling orifices to achieve multi-stage adjustable throttling, such as the invention patent for the dual-drive multi-stage variable flow regulation mechanism for downhole throttling devices (CN 202111135015.5). However, these still have the following problems: both of their adjustment methods control the throttling flow by adjusting the number of through-holes, resulting in a small throttling adjustment range. Furthermore, the throttling device cannot be used continuously after being damaged by impact, indicating poor resilience in its throttling function. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the aforementioned issues, this invention provides a resilient downhole throttle and its self-adjusting method based on digital twins. It significantly improves the throttle adjustment range through two-stage adjustable throttle and an adjustable gas production tank. Furthermore, it can still reliably adjust the throttle even when the secondary adjustable blades are partially damaged, thus enhancing the equipment's resilience.

[0004] The technical solution of the present invention is a tough downhole choke, including an outer sleeve, a gas production component rotatably disposed at the bottom of the outer sleeve, an air inlet hole opened on the side wall of the outer sleeve outside the gas production component, a ventilation channel opened inside the upper part of the outer sleeve, the ventilation channel communicating with the gas production component, a constant pressure component, a two-stage blade choke component and an electromagnetic detection component arranged sequentially from bottom to top in the ventilation channel, and a positioning component for positioning the choke downhole and a fixing component for fixing the choke downhole are also disposed inside the outer side wall of the outer sleeve.

[0005] Furthermore, the gas sampling assembly includes a gas sampling barrel rotatably connected to the outer sleeve and an external gear fixedly sleeved on the top of the gas sampling barrel. The external gear is powered by a gas sampling barrel adjustment motor, which is fixedly installed inside the outer sleeve. A gas sampling through hole is provided on the side wall of the gas sampling barrel, and angular displacement sensors are provided at the bottom of the gas sampling barrel and on the gas sampling barrel adjustment motor.

[0006] Furthermore, the constant pressure assembly includes a valve body fixedly installed in the venting duct. A constant pressure valve port is provided in the valve body. A constant pressure valve baffle is provided on the upper part of the constant pressure valve port. The rear end face of the constant pressure valve baffle is connected to the side wall of the valve body through a radial spring. The lower part of the near rear end face of the constant pressure valve baffle is connected to the lower part of the valve body through an axial spring. A first laser displacement sensor is provided behind the radial spring for measuring the displacement of the constant pressure valve baffle.

[0007] Furthermore, the two-stage blade throttling assembly includes a blade adjusting motor fixedly installed inside the outer sleeve. The blade adjusting motor is powered by an output gear, which meshes with a first gear. The first gear is rotatably disposed inside the air passage and is coaxially arranged with the air passage. Six adjusting blades are evenly arranged on the upper part of the first gear. The middle part of the first gear is driven to one end of the adjusting blades through a first bevel gear. The other end of the adjusting blades is rotatably connected to the outer sleeve through a rotating shaft. An angular displacement sensor is provided on the output gear.

[0008] Furthermore, the positioning component includes an internal gear rotatably disposed with the outer sleeve, the internal gear meshing with a positioning drive gear, the positioning drive gear being poweredly connected to a positioning motor, four positioning blocks evenly distributed on the outer side of the internal gear, the positioning blocks being movably connected to the internal gear via connecting rods, the two ends of the connecting rods being hinged to the internal gear and the positioning blocks respectively, a positioning groove being formed in the side wall of the outer sleeve, the positioning blocks being located in the positioning grooves, an angular displacement sensor being mounted on the positioning drive gear, and a position sensor being disposed on the outer side of the positioning grooves.

[0009] Furthermore, the fixing component includes a sealing glue bucket, which is fitted into a fixing groove on the outer side wall of the outer sleeve. A lower trapezoidal block is provided at the lower part of the sealing glue bucket. A second bevel gear is eccentrically rotatably connected to the inner side of the lower trapezoidal block through a connecting rod. The second bevel gear is poweredly connected to a fixed motor. An angular displacement sensor is provided on the second bevel gear. One end of a gear bracket is rotatably connected to the middle of the second bevel gear through a shaft. The other end of the gear bracket is fixedly connected to the fixing groove.

[0010] Furthermore, the electromagnetic detection component includes a force measuring plate, the middle of which is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the outer sleeve, one end of which is located in the ventilation channel, and the other end of which is connected to an adjustable magnet. A second laser displacement sensor is provided at the end of the force measuring plate near the adjustable magnet.

[0011] The present invention also provides a self-adjusting method for a throttle, which is applied to any of the tough downhole throttles described above, to perform self-control and active control of throttle flow.

[0012] Throttling self-control: Based on Hooke's law, the force curve of the radial spring, i.e., the f curve, is obtained according to the data collected by the first laser displacement sensor. When the f curve shows no fluctuation, the gas sampling tank is completely closed or the overshoot state of the two-stage blade throttling component is reached. If the gas sampling tank is open and the f curve has no fluctuation, the gas sampling tank regulating motor is controlled to adjust the gas sampling tank. If the f curve still has no fluctuation, the blade regulating motor of the two-stage blade throttling component is controlled to adjust the two-stage blade throttling component, controlling the opening angle of the regulating blades to control the state of the collected natural gas output and protect the two-stage blade throttling component to reduce damage.

[0013] Active throttling control: Operators can send signals to each motor to control its operation. When the throttling device is lowered to the predetermined position, the positioning motor is controlled to move the positioning block outward during rotation, thus fixing the throttling device as a whole. Then, the fixing motor is controlled to move the lower trapezoidal block upward to squeeze the sealing barrel for sealing. Then, the gas sampling barrel adjustment motor is controlled to drive the gas sampling barrel to collect natural gas. When retrieving the throttling device, the positioning motor and fixing motor are reversed and then retrieved. When collecting natural gas, the gas sampling barrel adjustment motor and blade adjustment motor are controlled as needed, that is, the effective ventilation area of ​​the gas sampling barrel and the opening and closing angle of the two-stage blade throttling component are controlled.

[0014] The above f curve is constructed using Hooke's Law f = kx, where k is the stiffness coefficient and x is the deformation. The data (i.e. deformation) collected by the first laser displacement sensor is converted into a digital quantity expressing force and plotted as the ft curve.

[0015] The aforementioned self-adjusting method for the throttle also includes the application of digital twin technology: based on any of the resilient downhole throttles described above, a corresponding digital twin virtual model is constructed; and the model's actions are driven and visualized by real-time data collected from various angle displacement sensors and laser displacement sensors, facilitating real-time monitoring and adjustment of the downhole throttle's status by personnel; the collected data is interconnected with the two-stage blade throttle assembly, recording the corresponding electromagnetic force change rate (obtained by the second derivative of the electromagnetic force), the radial spring force f change rate (obtained by the second derivative of the radial spring force f), and the adjustment blade angle change, and based on the changes in these three factors, the adjustment angle of the two-stage blade throttle assembly's adjustment blades is given, avoiding repeated damage caused by the same impact.

[0016] The above method for determining electromagnetic force involves calculating the magnitude of the electromagnetic force when the force plate reaches equilibrium by using the state of the force plate acquired by the second laser displacement sensor at the electromagnetic detection component.

[0017] Formulas related to electromagnetic force:

[0018]

[0019] in —Magnetic flux; N—Number of coil turns; I—Input current to electromagnet; B—Magnetic field strength; F—Electromagnetic force; S—Effective cross-sectional area of ​​electromagnet.

[0020] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0021] 1. This invention is equipped with two levels of adjustable throttling. The first level of throttling controls the throttling area by changing the area of ​​the gas sampling barrel through hole. The second level of throttling controls the throttling area by changing the adjustment blade angle of the second-level blade throttling assembly. This greatly improves the throttling adjustment range. At the same time, even when the second-level adjustable blade is damaged, reliable throttling adjustment can still be performed, improving the toughness of the equipment.

[0022] 2. In this invention, the primary throttling stage consists of a gas sampling tank and a constant pressure assembly, which have a constant pressure function. Within the adjustable range, the initial set pressure can be maintained. After overshoot, the gas sampling tank and the secondary throttling stage are automatically adjusted to maintain the stability of natural gas collection and output.

[0023] 3. The automatic adjustment method of the present invention can help the throttle device passively adjust the throttle state, which may cause damage to the mechanism, but the reaction is timely and will not affect the normal throttle effect; while active adjustment can help the staff adjust the throttle state in advance to avoid damage to the structural components.

[0024] 4. The present invention also employs digital twin technology, which not only helps staff to adjust the two-stage blade throttling assembly in advance, but also avoids repeated damage to the throttling structure caused by similar impacts. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the throttle device of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the gas sampling tank in this invention;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the constant pressure component in this invention;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the two-stage blade throttling assembly in this invention (without some adjusting blades);

[0029] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the electromagnetic detection component in this invention;

[0030] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the positioning component in this invention;

[0031] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the fixing component in this invention;

[0032] Figure 8 This is the process for building a digital twin platform in this invention;

[0033] In the diagram: 1. Outer sleeve; 11. Air inlet; 12. Ventilation duct; 13. Positioning groove; 14. Fixing groove; 2. Gas sampling assembly; 21. Gas sampling barrel; 22. External gear; 23. Gas sampling barrel regulating motor; 24. Gas sampling through hole; 3. Constant pressure assembly; 31. Valve body; 32. Constant pressure valve port; 33. Constant pressure valve baffle; 34. Radial spring; 35. Axial spring; 36. First laser displacement sensor; 4. Secondary blade throttling assembly; 41. Blade regulating motor; 42. Output gear; 43. 44. Adjusting blade; 45. First bevel gear; 46. Rotating shaft; 5. Electromagnetic detection assembly; 51. Force measuring plate; 52. Adjustable magnet; 53. Second laser displacement sensor; 6. Positioning assembly; 61. Internal gear; 62. Positioning drive gear; 63. Positioning motor; 64. Positioning block; 65. Connecting rod; 7. Fixing assembly; 71. Sealing glue bucket; 72. Lower trapezoidal block; 73. Connecting rod; 74. Second bevel gear; 75. Fixing motor; 76. Gear bracket. Detailed Implementation

[0034] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0035] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the invention.

[0036] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0037] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," "inner," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the product of this invention is usually placed when in use. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting this invention.

[0038] Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used only to distinguish descriptions and should not be interpreted as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0039] In the description of this invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "install," "connect," and "link" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0040] Example 1

[0041] like Figure 1-8 As shown, this embodiment provides a tough downhole throttling device, including an outer sleeve 1. A gas production component 2 is rotatably mounted on the bottom of the outer sleeve 1. An air inlet 11 is provided on the side wall of the outer sleeve 1 outside the gas production component 2. A ventilation channel 12 is provided inside the outer sleeve 1 at the upper part of the gas production component 2. The ventilation channel 12 is connected to the gas production component 2. A constant pressure component 3, a two-stage blade throttling component 4, and an electromagnetic detection component 5 are arranged sequentially from bottom to top inside the ventilation channel 12. A positioning component 6 and a fixing component 7 are also provided inside the outer wall of the outer sleeve 1.

[0042] The positioning component 6 and fixing component 7 are mainly used to place the throttle at a predetermined position downhole and fix it securely. The component is used to collect natural gas downhole and bring it into the vent 12 of the throttle. Then, the constant pressure component 3 adjusts the unstable natural gas so that it enters the upper secondary blade throttle component 4 at a stable pressure. The secondary blade throttle component 4 then performs secondary throttle control on the natural gas.

[0043] Example 2

[0044] This embodiment is a further improvement based on Embodiment 1.

[0045] like Figure 2-5 As shown, the gas sampling assembly 2 includes a gas sampling barrel 21 rotatably connected to the outer sleeve 1 and an external gear 22 fixedly sleeved on the top of the gas sampling barrel 21. The external gear 22 is poweredly connected to a gas sampling barrel adjustment motor 23. The gas sampling barrel adjustment motor 23 is fixedly installed inside the outer sleeve 1. A gas sampling through hole 24 is opened on the side wall of the gas sampling barrel 21. An angular displacement sensor is provided on the bottom of the gas sampling barrel 21 and on the gas sampling barrel adjustment motor 23.

[0046] The gas sampling hole 24 and the air inlet hole 11 can be set to correspond one-to-one. The gas sampling barrel 21 adjustment motor 23 can drive the gas sampling barrel 21 to rotate inside the outer sleeve 1, changing the area corresponding to the gas sampling hole 24 and the air inlet hole 11, thereby changing the area of ​​natural gas intake and controlling the throttling area. The gas sampling barrel adjustment motor 23 is a servo motor, which can perform precise control and forward and reverse rotation.

[0047] The constant pressure assembly 3 includes a valve body 31 fixedly installed in the vent 12. A constant pressure valve port 32 is provided in the valve body 31. A constant pressure valve baffle 33 is provided on the upper part of the constant pressure valve port 32. The rear end face of the constant pressure valve baffle 33 is connected to the side wall of the valve body 31 through a radial spring 34. The lower part of the near rear end face of the constant pressure valve baffle 33 is connected to the lower part of the valve body 31 through an axial spring 35. A first laser displacement sensor 36 is provided behind the radial spring 34 for measuring the displacement of the constant pressure valve baffle 33.

[0048] Natural gas enters the constant pressure assembly 3 through the constant pressure valve port 32, and compresses the axial spring 35 through the branch channel at the inlet. Through the pressure of the pre-adjusted radial spring 34, the constant pressure valve baffle 33 is brought into a balanced state. The displacement of the constant pressure valve baffle 33, i.e. the compression displacement of the radial spring 34, is measured by the first laser displacement sensor 36 at the rear end of the constant pressure valve baffle 33. The force f can be obtained through Hooke's law, and the ft curve is obtained to provide a basis for subsequent adjustment schemes.

[0049] The two-stage blade throttling assembly 4 includes a blade adjusting motor 41 fixedly installed inside the outer sleeve 1. The blade adjusting motor 41 is powered by an output gear 42. The output gear 42 meshes with a first gear 43. The first gear 43 is rotatably disposed inside the air passage 12 and is coaxially disposed with the air passage 12. Six adjusting blades 44 are evenly disposed on the upper part of the first gear 43. The middle part of the first gear 43 is drivenly connected to one end of the adjusting blade 44 through a first bevel gear 45. The other end of the adjusting blade 44 is rotatably connected to the outer sleeve through a rotating shaft 46. An angular displacement sensor is disposed on the output gear 42.

[0050] Driven by the blade adjusting motor 41, the six adjusting blades 44 can be angled within the ventilation duct 12. Specifically, the output gear 42 drives the first gear 43 to rotate, and the first bevel gear 45 in the middle of the first gear 43 then rotates, causing the adjusting blades 44 to rotate, thus opening or closing the passage between the adjusting blades 44. There are six adjusting blades 44. When some of the adjusting blades 44 are damaged, the rate of change of f (the magnetic force) will not match the rate of change of magnetic force. This can be compensated for by adjusting the angle of the remaining adjusting blades 44, ensuring the throttling effect remains unchanged. The corresponding time should be recorded for recent maintenance, including replacing the damaged blades and inspecting the remaining blades.

[0051] The electromagnetic detection component 5 includes a force measuring plate 51, the middle of which is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the outer sleeve 1. One end of the force measuring plate 51 is located inside the ventilation channel 12, and the other end of the force measuring plate 51 is connected to an adjustable magnet 52. A second laser displacement sensor 53 is provided at one end of the force measuring plate 51 near the adjustable magnet 52.

[0052] The adjustable magnet 52 has a polyamide inner core, around which a copper coil is wound, and then an outer steel core is fitted. The copper coil is energized through positive and negative terminals, generating magnetic force through Faraday induction. The steel outer core is added to increase the electromagnetic force. When the force plate 51, located within the ventilation channel 12, moves upward due to the impact of natural gas, the left end of the force plate 51 moves downward. The electromagnetic force is changed by adjusting the current, thus balancing the force plate 51. The magnitude of the electromagnetic force, i.e., the impact force of the natural gas on the force plate 51, is calculated using a formula. Specifically, after being throttled, the natural gas flows through the electromagnetic detection component 5 at the outlet. The upward flow of natural gas causes the force plate 51 to tilt upward within the ventilation channel 12. The energized electromagnet generates an electromagnetic force, attracting the other end of the force plate 51. The lever state is collected by the second laser displacement sensor 53. By adjusting the sliding rheostat to change the input current, the magnitude of the electromagnetic force is altered until the force plate 51 reaches equilibrium. The measured data can also be saved to provide a basis for throttle adjustment based on digital twins.

[0053] In this embodiment, the magnitude of the electromagnetic force when the force plate 51 reaches equilibrium is calculated by using the state of the force plate 51 collected by the second laser displacement sensor 53 at the electromagnetic detection component 5.

[0054] Formulas related to electromagnetic force:

[0055]

[0056]

[0057]

[0058] in, —Magnetic flux; N—Number of coil turns; I—Input current to electromagnet; B—Magnetic field strength; F—Electromagnetic force; S—Effective cross-sectional area of ​​electromagnet.

[0059] Example 3

[0060] This embodiment is a further improvement based on Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 2.

[0061] like Figure 6-7As shown, the positioning component 6 includes an internal gear 61 rotatably disposed with the outer sleeve 1. The internal gear 61 meshes with a positioning drive gear 62. The positioning drive gear 62 is poweredly connected to a positioning motor 63. Four positioning blocks 64 are evenly distributed on the outer side of the internal gear 61. The positioning blocks 64 are movably connected to the internal gear 61 through a connecting rod 65. The two ends of the connecting rod 65 are respectively hinged to the internal gear 61 and the positioning blocks 64. A positioning groove 13 is opened on the side wall of the outer sleeve 1. The positioning blocks 64 are located in the positioning groove 13. An angular displacement sensor is installed on the positioning drive gear 62. A position sensor is provided on the outer side of the positioning groove 13.

[0062] A position sensor detects the lowering position of the throttle. When the throttle is detected to have reached the preset position, lowering stops, and then the positioning motor 63 starts rotating forward, driving the internal gear 61 to rotate. This causes the positioning block 64 to move out of the throttle housing and into the corresponding position on the natural gas well, thus positioning the throttle. When the throttle is retrieved, the positioning motor 63 reverses, driving the internal gear 61 to rotate in the opposite direction. The positioning block 64 retracts into the throttle housing, releasing it from contact with the natural gas well.

[0063] The fixing component 7 includes a sealing glue bucket 71, which is fitted into a fixing groove 14 on the outer side wall of the outer sleeve 1. A lower trapezoidal block 72 is provided at the lower part of the sealing glue bucket 71. A second bevel gear 74 is eccentrically rotatably connected to the inner side of the lower trapezoidal block 72 through a connecting rod 73. The second bevel gear 74 is poweredly connected to a fixed motor 75. An angular displacement sensor is provided on the second bevel gear 74. One end of a gear bracket 76 is rotatably connected to the middle of the second bevel gear 74 through a shaft. The other end of the gear bracket 76 is fixedly connected to the fixing groove 14.

[0064] When the positioning block 64 enters the corresponding position of the natural gas well and gets stuck, the fixed motor 75 rotates forward, which in turn drives the second bevel gear 74 to rotate. Since the lower trapezoidal block 72 is eccentrically connected to the second bevel gear 74, when the second bevel gear 74 rotates forward, it drives the lower trapezoidal block 72 to move upward, which in turn squeezes the sealing glue barrel 71, causing the sealing glue barrel 71 to bulge into the natural gas well and seal the natural gas well. When the throttle is retrieved, the fixed motor 75 reverses, driving the second bevel gear 74 to rotate in the opposite direction, and the lower trapezoidal block 72 moves downward, releasing the squeeze on the sealing glue barrel 71. The sealing glue barrel 71 returns to its original position, releasing the seal on the natural gas well.

[0065] Both the positioning motor 63 and the fixed motor 75 are servo motors, while the angular displacement sensors on the positioning drive gear 62 and the second bevel gear 74 are mainly used to collect relevant data so that workers can perceive the status of various components downhole.

[0066] After the throttling device is sealed to the downhole gas well by the positioning component 6 and the fixing component 7, the throttling area is controlled by changing the area of ​​the through hole by rotating the gas collection tank 21. At the same time, the constant pressure component 3 regulates the pressure of the natural gas coming up into the gas collection tank 21, maintaining the initial set pressure within the adjustable range. This is the first-stage throttling. The natural gas coming up into the constant pressure component 3 is controlled by the second-stage blade throttling component 4 by changing the angle of the adjusting blade 44. This is the second-stage throttling. Finally, the pressure of the outlet natural gas is measured by the electromagnetic detection component 5.

[0067] Example 4

[0068] This embodiment, based on the resilient downhole throttle provided in Embodiment 3, provides a throttle self-adjustment method, including throttle self-control and throttle active control.

[0069] (1) Throttling self-control:

[0070] Using Hooke's Law f = kx, where k is the spring constant and x is the deformation, the data collected by the first laser displacement sensor 36 is converted into a digital quantity expressing the force on the radial spring 34 and plotted as the ft curve (abbreviated as f curve);

[0071] When the f curve shows no fluctuation, the gas sampling tank 21 is completely closed or the overshoot state of the secondary blade throttling component 4 has been reached. If the curve shows no fluctuation when the gas sampling tank 21 is open, the gas sampling tank regulating motor 23 is controlled to regulate the gas sampling tank 21. If the f curve still shows no fluctuation, the blade regulating motor 41 of the secondary blade throttling component 4 is controlled to regulate the secondary blade throttling component 4, controlling the opening angle of the regulating blade 44 to control the state of the collected natural gas output and protect the secondary blade throttling component 4 to reduce damage.

[0072] (2) Active throttling control

[0073] The staff can send signals to each motor to control its operation. When the throttle is lowered to the predetermined position, the positioning motor 63 is controlled to move, causing the positioning block 64 to move outward during rotation, thus fixing the throttle as a whole. Then, the fixing motor 75 is controlled to move, causing the lower trapezoidal block 72 to move upward and squeeze the sealing barrel 71 to seal. Then, the gas collection barrel adjustment motor 23 is controlled to drive the gas collection barrel 21 to collect natural gas. When retrieving the throttle, the positioning motor 63 and the fixing motor 75 are reversed and then retrieved. When collecting natural gas, the gas collection barrel adjustment motor 23 and the blade adjustment motor 41 are controlled as needed, that is, the effective ventilation area of ​​the gas collection barrel 21 (referring to the communication area between the gas collection through hole on the gas collection barrel and the air inlet hole at the bottom of the outer sleeve) and the opening and closing angle of the secondary blade throttle assembly 4 are controlled.

[0074] Example 5

[0075] This embodiment is a further improvement based on Embodiment 4. This embodiment also includes the application of digital twin technology.

[0076] This embodiment constructs a corresponding 3D digital twin virtual model based on the design drawings of the throttle and the collected data of its various moving parts. The digital twin platform used in this embodiment includes a model layer, a data layer, and a visualization layer. The model layer primarily constructs a 3D model, which is generally generic and used by the visualization layer. The data layer receives data collected by sensors at various locations within the throttle; the programming software reads and stores the sensor data; then, it performs data preprocessing to construct a mathematical model that drives the virtual model's movements. Finally, the visualization layer takes over, where the visualization software drives the virtual model based on the constructed mathematical model to simulate application scenarios and achieve virtual-real interaction.

[0077] This embodiment uses real-time data from displacement sensors at various angles and laser displacement sensors to drive the model's actions and visualize them, facilitating real-time monitoring and adjustment of the downhole throttle's status by operators. Specifically, the collected data is interconnected with the two-stage blade-type throttle assembly 4, recording the corresponding electromagnetic force change rate, radial spring force f change rate, and adjustment blade 44 angle change. Based on the changes in these three parameters (e.g., any one of them exceeding a set threshold range, or a mismatch between the electromagnetic force change rate and the radial spring force f change rate), the adjustment angle of the two-stage blade-type throttle assembly 4's adjustment blade 44 is given in advance to avoid repeated damage caused by the same impact.

[0078] The resilience of this invention is reflected in its structure. The regulating blades 44 consist of 6 blades. When some blades are damaged, the rate of change of f and the rate of change of magnetic force will not match. This can be compensated for by adjusting the angle of the remaining blades, ensuring that the throttling effect remains unchanged. The corresponding time is recorded for maintenance in the near future, replacing the damaged blades and repairing the remaining blades. The primary throttling structure ensures the constant pressure output of the constant pressure component 3, reducing the probability of damage to the secondary blade throttling component 4. In terms of function, the adjustment scheme of the secondary blade throttling component 4 given by data analysis and processing avoids repeated damage to the structure. The self-adjustment method greatly avoids damage to the secondary blade throttling component 4.

[0079] In summary, this invention features two levels of adjustable throttling. The first level of throttling controls the throttling area by changing the area of ​​the through-hole in the gas sampling tank 21, while the second level controls the throttling area by changing the angle of the adjusting blades 44 of the second-stage blade-type throttling assembly 4. This significantly improves the throttling adjustment range and ensures reliable throttling adjustment even when the second-stage adjustable blades are damaged, enhancing the equipment's resilience. In this invention, the first level of throttling consists of the gas sampling tank 21 and the constant pressure assembly 3, which maintains constant pressure within the adjustable range. After overshoot, it automatically adjusts the gas sampling tank 21 and the second-stage throttling state to maintain stable natural gas collection and output. The automatic adjustment method of this invention helps the throttling device passively adjust its throttling state, which may damage the mechanism, but it reacts promptly and does not affect the normal throttling effect. Active adjustment helps operators adjust the throttling state in advance, avoiding damage to structural components. The use of digital twin technology not only helps operators adjust the second-stage throttling structure in advance but also avoids repetitive damage to the throttling structure from similar impacts.

[0080] Of course, the present invention may have other various embodiments. Without departing from the spirit and essence of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make various corresponding changes and modifications according to the present invention, but these corresponding changes and modifications should all fall within the protection scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A resilient downhole choke, characterized in that: The device includes an outer sleeve (1), a gas extraction assembly (2) is rotatably mounted on the bottom of the outer sleeve (1), an air inlet (11) is provided on the side wall of the outer sleeve (1) outside the gas extraction assembly (2), a ventilation channel (12) is provided inside the outer sleeve (1) at the upper part of the gas extraction assembly (2), the ventilation channel (12) is connected to the gas extraction assembly (2), and a constant pressure assembly (3), a two-stage blade throttling assembly (4) and an electromagnetic detection assembly (5) are arranged sequentially from bottom to top in the ventilation channel (12). The side wall of the outer sleeve (1) is also provided with a positioning assembly for positioning the throttling device downhole and a fixing assembly for fixing the throttling device downhole. The constant pressure assembly (3) includes a valve body (31) fixedly installed in the ventilation duct (12). A constant pressure valve port (32) is provided in the valve body (31). A constant pressure valve baffle (33) is provided on the upper part of the constant pressure valve port (32). The rear end face of the constant pressure valve baffle (33) is connected to the side wall of the valve body (31) through a radial spring (34). The lower part of the near rear end face of the constant pressure valve baffle (33) is connected to the lower part of the valve body (31) through an axial spring (35). A first laser displacement sensor (36) is provided behind the radial spring (34) for measuring the displacement of the constant pressure valve baffle (33).

2. The resilient downhole choke according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas sampling assembly (2) includes a gas sampling barrel (21) rotatably connected to the outer sleeve (1) and an external gear (22) fixedly sleeved on the top of the gas sampling barrel (21). The external gear (22) is powered by a gas sampling barrel adjustment motor (23). The gas sampling barrel adjustment motor (23) is fixedly installed inside the outer sleeve (1). A gas sampling through hole (24) is opened on the side wall of the gas sampling barrel (21). An angular displacement sensor is provided at the bottom of the gas sampling barrel (21) and on the gas sampling barrel adjustment motor (23).

3. The resilient downhole choke according to claim 2, characterized in that: The secondary blade throttling assembly (4) includes a blade adjusting motor (41) fixedly installed inside the outer sleeve (1). The blade adjusting motor (41) is powered by an output gear (42). The output gear (42) meshes with a first gear (43). The first gear (43) is rotatably disposed inside the ventilation duct (12). The first gear (43) is coaxially disposed with the ventilation duct (12). Six adjusting blades (44) are evenly disposed on the upper part of the first gear (43). The middle part of the first gear (43) is driven to one end of the adjusting blade (44) through a first bevel gear (45). The other end of the adjusting blade (44) is rotatably connected to the outer sleeve through a rotating shaft (46). An angular displacement sensor is disposed on the output gear (42).

4. The resilient downhole choke according to claim 3, characterized in that: The positioning component (6) includes an internal gear (61) rotatably disposed with the outer sleeve (1), the internal gear (61) meshing with a positioning drive gear (62), the positioning drive gear (62) being poweredly connected to a positioning motor (63), four positioning blocks (64) evenly distributed on the outer side of the internal gear (61), the positioning blocks (64) being movably connected to the internal gear (61) via a connecting rod (65), the two ends of the connecting rod (65) being hinged to the internal gear (61) and the positioning blocks (64) respectively, a positioning groove (13) is provided on the side wall of the outer sleeve (1), the positioning blocks (64) are located in the positioning groove (13), an angular displacement sensor is installed on the positioning drive gear (62), and a position sensor is provided on the outer side of the positioning groove (13).

5. The resilient downhole choke according to claim 4, characterized in that: The fixing component (7) includes a sealing glue bucket (71), which is fitted into a fixing groove (14) opened on the side wall of the outer sleeve (1). A lower trapezoidal block (72) is provided at the lower part of the sealing glue bucket (71). A second bevel gear (74) is eccentrically rotatably connected to the inner side of the lower trapezoidal block (72) through a connecting rod (73). The second bevel gear (74) is poweredly connected to a fixed motor (75). An angular displacement sensor is provided on the second bevel gear (74). One end of a gear bracket (76) is rotatably connected to the middle part of the second bevel gear (74) through a shaft. The other end of the gear bracket (76) is fixedly connected in the fixing groove (14).

6. The resilient downhole choke according to claim 5, characterized in that: The electromagnetic detection component (5) includes a force measuring plate (51), the middle part of which is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the outer sleeve (1). One end of the force measuring plate (51) is located in the ventilation channel (12), and the other end of the force measuring plate (51) is connected to an adjustable magnet (52). A second laser displacement sensor (53) is provided at one end of the force measuring plate (51) near the adjustable magnet (52).

7. A method for self-adjusting a flow regulator, characterized in that: Applied to the resilient downhole throttle as described in claim 6, it performs self-control and active control of throttle flow. Throttling self-control: Based on Hooke's law, the force curve of the radial spring (34), i.e. the f curve, is obtained according to the data collected by the first laser displacement sensor (36). When the f curve shows no fluctuation, the gas sampling tank (21) is completely closed or the overshoot state of the secondary blade throttling component (4) is reached. If the gas sampling tank (21) is open and the f curve has no fluctuation, the gas sampling tank regulating motor (23) is controlled to adjust the gas sampling tank (21). If the f curve is still no fluctuation, the blade regulating motor (41) of the secondary blade throttling component (4) is controlled to adjust the secondary blade throttling component (4) and control the opening angle of the regulating blade (44) to control the state of the collected natural gas output and protect the secondary blade throttling component (4) to reduce damage. Throttling active control: The staff sends signals to each motor to control its operation. When the throttling device is lowered to the predetermined position, the positioning motor (63) is controlled to move the positioning block (64) outward during rotation, thus fixing the throttling device as a whole. Then, the fixing motor (75) is controlled to move the lower trapezoidal block (72) upward to squeeze the sealing barrel (71) for sealing. Then, the gas collection barrel adjustment motor (23) is controlled to drive the gas collection barrel (21) to collect natural gas. When retrieving the throttling device, the positioning motor (63) and the fixing motor (75) are reversed and then retrieved. When collecting natural gas, the gas collection barrel adjustment motor (23) and the blade adjustment motor (41) are controlled as needed. That is, the effective ventilation area of ​​the gas collection barrel (21) and the opening and closing angle of the secondary blade throttling component (4) are controlled.

8. The self-adjusting method for a flow throttle according to claim 7, characterized in that: It also includes constructing a corresponding digital twin virtual model based on the tough downhole throttle as described in claim 6; driving the virtual model to move and making it visible by real-time acquisition of data from various angle displacement sensors and laser displacement sensors; interconnecting the acquired data with the secondary blade throttle assembly (4), recording the corresponding electromagnetic force change rate, radial spring force f change rate and adjustment blade (44) angle change, and giving the adjustment angle of the adjustment blade (44) of the secondary blade throttle assembly (4) according to the changes of the three.

9. The self-adjusting method for a flow throttle according to claim 8, characterized in that: The magnitude of the electromagnetic force when the force plate (51) reaches equilibrium is calculated by collecting the state of the force plate (51) from the second laser displacement sensor (53) at the electromagnetic detection component (5).

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