A three-track gantry with close-range rotating multi-nozzle spraying and dust control device for tunnels

Abstract

The present invention discloses a three-track carriage for a laneway with a short-range rotating multi-nozzle grouting and dust control device, comprising a traction system, a traveling system, and a control system. The laneway is circular, and three traction systems are respectively arranged at the top and both sides of the laneway through anchor rods and I-shaped rails to form a three-track carriage; the traction system is located at the rear of the braking system and is fixedly connected to the main carriage of the traveling system; the traveling system consists of a main carriage and an auxiliary carriage coaxially arranged with the laneway, and the auxiliary carriage is provided with a number of grouting spray systems uniformly distributed in a circle; the grouting spray system is provided with infrared ranging sensors on the front of both ends of its frame; the combined spray gun includes a spray gun body, an atomizing nozzle, and a built-in water pipe, and the atomizing nozzle is arranged around the outer periphery of the spray gun head. By providing a three-track carriage slide, the stability of the spraying process is maintained; by providing multiple spray guns, the spraying efficiency is improved and the symmetry of the nozzles is reasonably set to achieve the mutual offset of the reaction forces during spraying.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of spraying equipment, and in particular to a spraying and dust control device for circular tunnels. Background Art

[0002] When shield tunneling is used for roadway excavation, shotcrete is a key support process. However, due to the high excavation speed of shield machines, traditional shotcrete methods are inefficient and cannot meet the needs of rapid shotcrete. Existing shotcrete methods are mostly manual, which is labor-intensive, causes vibrations to the human body, generates dust that endangers workers' occupational health and safety, and rebound materials from the shotcrete can impact workers and cause injuries. Although a robotic shotcrete method has been proposed, it still uses a single spray gun, which is prone to vibrations due to impacts and cannot guarantee efficiency. In dark roadway environments, workers still need to use lighting to check the shotcrete quality at all times, and a dedicated person is required to operate the operation.

[0003] CN202210909634.3 discloses a rapid shotcreting equipment for mining and its use method. The device is a monorail crane with a mechanical arm at the front end. The mechanical arm extends upward along the monorail crane. A shotcreting assembly is provided at the front end of the mechanical arm. When in use, the equipment is assembled and hung on the monorail crane, and the monorail crane is used to drive the shotcreting equipment to move. However, this device has instability problems such as shaking caused by the impact reaction force of a single nozzle. In particular, the force shaking during the spraying process makes the nozzle easily derailed and fall. At the same time, the efficiency of single nozzle spraying is low, the multi-stage structure of the mechanical arm is complex and heavy, and the driving process is cumbersome.

[0004] CN202121764216.7 discloses a rapid tunnel excavation system for an integrated open-air tunnel. This system also utilizes a monorail crane, comprising a first shotcrete machine, a second shotcrete machine, and an anchor device. By combining the anchor device with the tunneling device and operating simultaneously, the system can meet the needs of various types of work and greatly improve tunnel excavation efficiency. However, a single nozzle is still used for spraying, and the monorail crane is used to lift the shotcrete machine, resulting in poor maneuverability. The shotcrete machine is heavy and bulky, and placing two shotcrete machines on top of a loader and tunneling machine results in poor maneuverability and a high risk of falling. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the defects of the above-mentioned prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a tunnel three-track frame close-range rotating multi-nozzle spraying and dust control device that has stable spraying and high spraying efficiency while reducing dust during the spraying process.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: a three-track carriage for a lane with a short-range rotating multi-nozzle grouting and dust control, comprising a traction system, a driving system and a control system, the traction system comprising a braking system, a traveling hydraulic cylinder, a hydraulic pipe and a hydraulic pump, the lane is circular, and the three traction systems are respectively arranged at the top and both sides of the lane through anchor rods and I-shaped rails to form a three-track carriage; the exposed length of the anchor rods is greater than the thickness of the spraying; the braking systems at the front and rear ends of the traction system are both installed on the I-shaped rails, and the braking system at the rear is fixedly connected to the main carriage of the driving system to pull the driving system to move; the driving system consists of a main carriage and an auxiliary carriage coaxially arranged with the lane, and the auxiliary carriage is provided with a number of grouting spray systems evenly distributed around the circumference;

[0007] The spraying spray system is symmetrically provided with a pair of traveling gears on both sides of the connection with the auxiliary frame, and the traveling gears are driven by a motor to rotate to realize the rotation and movement of the spraying spray system on the auxiliary frame; the spraying spray system is provided with infrared ranging sensors for detecting the shape of the tunnel and the thickness of the spraying on the front of both ends of its frame; each spraying spray system contains two combined spray guns, which include a spray gun body, an atomizing nozzle and a built-in water pipe. The atomizing nozzle is arranged around the outer periphery of the spray gun head. The spray gun body is connected to the spraying machine through a spraying pipe for spraying operation. The water pipe is connected to the built-in water pipe and the atomizing nozzle in turn, and dust is reduced by the sprayed atomized water droplets.

[0008] Preferably, one end of the anchor rod is driven vertically into the tunnel for fixation, and the other end of the anchor rod is fixedly connected to an I-rail extending longitudinally along the tunnel by a fixing bolt, ensuring that a shotcrete distance is reserved between the I-rail and the tunnel wall.

[0009] Preferably, the braking system includes an articulated shaft, a fork clamp, and a brake hydraulic cylinder. The traction system realizes the conversion of traction and braking functions by adjusting the tightness of the fork clamps on the braking systems at both ends and the extension and retraction of the travel hydraulic cylinder. It has a simple structure, is easy to operate, and is easy to maintain.

[0010] Preferably, one end of the hydraulic pipe is connected to the travel hydraulic cylinder and the other end is connected to the hydraulic pump, and is used to transport hydraulic oil to drive the travel hydraulic cylinder to extend and retract.

[0011] Preferably, the spray spray systems are set to an even number and at least 4, so that the spray spray systems are distributed in a circle and are symmetrical in pairs with the center of the circle, realizing simultaneous multi-directional symmetrical spraying, which can not only improve work efficiency but also offset the aftereffect caused by the spraying.

[0012] Preferably, a motor is embedded in the middle of the front of the frame and a motor shaft is provided to penetrate the back, and the motor shaft drives the main gear provided on the back of the frame to rotate; transmission gears are provided on both sides of the main gear, and both transmission gears are provided with a gear shaft fixedly connected to the travel gear, and the gear shaft passes through the frame.

[0013] Preferably, the main frame and the auxiliary frame are fixedly connected as a whole through a connecting rod, and the traction system will not interfere with the spraying system on the auxiliary frame when the traction system tows the main frame to move.

[0014] Preferably, the frame is provided with a through opening for installing a combination spray gun near the infrared ranging sensor, and the combination spray gun is fixed by a tightening bolt. The infrared ranging sensor is arranged adjacent to the combination spray gun for better precision spraying; the tail of the two combination spray guns is provided with an integrated pipe bundle that is gathered together and fixed by a pipe clamp.

[0015] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0016] 1) By setting up a three-track carriage slide and fixing the driving system, the stability of the shotcrete process is maintained;

[0017] 2) By setting up multiple spray guns, the efficiency of spraying is improved, rebound and dust generation are reduced, and the symmetry of the nozzles is reasonably set to achieve mutual offset of the reaction forces during spraying, solving the problem of unstable spraying and left-right swaying;

[0018] 3) By adopting double traveling gears, the traveling friction is increased, the invalid traveling caused by sliding is avoided, high-speed traveling can be achieved, and efficient and flexible spraying is realized;

[0019] 4) Through infrared detection, the thickness of the shotcrete and the pothole defects in the shotcrete tunnel are determined. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a usage state diagram of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 It is the front view of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 It is a structural diagram of the traction system;

[0023] Figure 4 It is a structural diagram of the braking system;

[0024] Figure 5 It is a structural diagram of the spraying system;

[0025] Figure 6 It is a structural diagram of a combined spray gun;

[0026] In the figure: 1-traction system, 11-brake system, 111-articulated shaft, 112-fork clamp, 113-brake hydraulic cylinder, 12-travel hydraulic cylinder, 13-hydraulic pipe, 14-hydraulic pump, 15-anchor rod, 16-I-rail, 17-fixing bolt, 2-travel system, 21-main frame, 22-auxiliary frame, 23-connecting rod, 3-spraying system, 31-travel gear, 32-motor, 33- Frame, 34-infrared ranging sensor, 35-motor shaft, 36-main gear, 37-transmission gear, 38-gear shaft, 39-tightening bolt; 4-combination spray gun, 41-built-in water pipe, 42-atomizing nozzle, 43-spray gun, 44-mist curtain, 45-material, 5-integrated tube bundle, 51-pipe clamp, 52-wire, 53-water pipe, 54-spraying pipe, 6-control system, 7-water pump, 8-spraying machine. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] In order to better understand the improvements made by the present invention over the prior art, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0028] like Figure 1 As shown in —6, a tunnel three-track frame with close-range rotating multi-nozzle spraying and dust control is mainly composed of a traction system 1, a driving system 2 and a control system 6, wherein the traction system 1 is mainly composed of a braking system 11, a traveling hydraulic cylinder 12, a hydraulic pipe 13 and a hydraulic pump 14.

[0029] When tunneling using a shield machine, the tunnel takes on a circular shape. Three traction systems 1 are installed at the top and sides of the tunnel via anchor rods 15 and I-shaped rails 16, forming a three-track carriage. This three-track carriage can better maintain stability during the shotcrete process. To ensure the movement of the equipment before and after the shotcrete, the exposed length of the anchor rods 15 is greater than the thickness of the shotcrete. The brake systems 11 at the front and rear ends of the traction system 1 are both installed on the I-shaped rails 16. The brake system 11 at the rear is fixedly connected to the main frame 21 of the carriage system 2, pulling the carriage system 2 to move.

[0030] The crane system 2 consists of a main gantry 21 and auxiliary gantry 22, coaxially arranged with the roadway. Several circumferentially distributed spray systems 3 are mounted on the auxiliary gantry 22. When the spray systems 3 are in operation, the reaction forces of the spraying are offset, resolving issues such as unstable and swaying spraying. Furthermore, close-range spraying effectively reduces spray rebound and dust, increases spray thickness, improves spray quality, and enhances spraying efficiency, meeting the requirements of rapid construction such as shield tunneling.

[0031] The spraying system 3 is symmetrically equipped with a pair of travel gears 31 at its connection to the auxiliary carriage 22. A motor 32 drives the travel gears 31, rotating the spraying system 3 on the auxiliary carriage 22. The dual-gear travel of the spraying system 3 increases travel friction, avoids ineffective travel caused by slippage, and enables high-speed travel, ensuring efficient and flexible spraying. Preferably, the auxiliary carriage 22 utilizes an I-shaped track layout, or has picks arranged on the track that mesh with the travel gears 31 to achieve effective travel.

[0032] The spraying system 3 is equipped with infrared rangefinders 34 on the front of its frame 33 at both ends to detect the shape of the roadway and the thickness of the spray. The infrared rangefinders 34 detect the roadway shape, verifying its integrity. This sensor then provides feedback to the control system 6, which determines the amount of spraying required for each area and, consequently, the thickness. The system then issues spraying instructions, determines the location and trajectory of the spraying, and enables flexible spraying of the roadway. Each spraying system 3 contains two combined spray guns 4, increasing spraying efficiency. Following the control system 6's instructions, after completing a spraying cycle, the system 3, driven by the traction system 1 and the crane system 2, moves to the area to be sprayed, where a new spraying operation can begin.

[0033] The combined spray gun 4 primarily consists of a main gun body 43, an atomizing nozzle 42, and an internal water pipe 41. The atomizing nozzle 42 surrounds the outer periphery of the gun head. The main gun body 43 is connected to the spraying machine 8 via a spraying pipe 54 for spraying. The water pipe 53 is sequentially connected to the internal water pipe 41 and the atomizing nozzle 42, and the sprayed atomized water droplets reduce dust. During spraying, the material 45 ejected from the main gun body 43 generates dust. The atomizing nozzle 42 simultaneously sprays the material, forming a mist curtain 44 surrounding the ejected conical material 45. This mist curtain 44 not only prevents dust from dispersing, but also reduces dust by combining the spray droplets with the dust.

[0034] Preferably, one end of the anchor rod 15 is driven vertically into the tunnel for fixation, and the other end of the anchor rod 15 is fixedly connected to an I-shaped rail 16 extending longitudinally along the tunnel by a fixing bolt 17 .

[0035] Preferably, the braking system 11 includes an articulated shaft 111, a fork clamp 112, and a brake hydraulic cylinder 113. The traction system 1 realizes the conversion of traction and braking functions by adjusting the tightness of the fork clamp 112 on the braking systems 11 at both ends and the extension and contraction of the travel hydraulic cylinder 12.

[0036] Preferably, one end of the hydraulic pipe 13 is connected to the travel hydraulic cylinder 12 and the other end is connected to the hydraulic pump 14, so as to transport hydraulic oil to drive the travel hydraulic cylinder 12 to extend and retract.

[0037] Preferably, the spraying systems 3 are arranged in an even number and at least four.

[0038] Preferably, a motor 32 is embedded in the middle of the front of the frame 33 and a motor shaft 35 is provided on the back. The motor shaft 35 drives a main gear 36 provided on the back of the frame 33. Transmission gears 37 are provided on both sides of the main gear 36. Both transmission gears 37 are provided with a gear shaft 38 fixedly connected to the travel gear 31, and the gear shaft 38 extends through the frame 33.

[0039] Preferably, the main frame 21 and the auxiliary frame 22 are fixedly connected as a whole via a connecting rod.

[0040] Preferably, the frame 33 is provided with a through opening for installing the combined spray gun 4 near the infrared ranging sensor 34, and the combined spray gun 4 is fixed by tightening bolts 39. The tails of the two combined spray guns 4 are provided with an integrated pipe bundle 5 that converges together and is fixed by a pipe clamp 51.

[0041] The above description is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field, within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, who makes equivalent replacements or changes based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered by the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tunnel three-track carriage with short-range rotating multiple nozzles and dust control device, comprising a traction system (1), a driving system (2) and a control system (6), wherein the traction system (1) comprises a braking system (11), a travel hydraulic cylinder (12), a hydraulic pipe (13) and a hydraulic pump (14), and is characterized in that: The tunnel is circular, and three traction systems (1) are respectively arranged at the top and both sides of the tunnel through anchor rods (15) and I-shaped rails (16) to form a three-track carriage; the exposed length of the anchor rods (15) is greater than the thickness of the shotcrete; the braking systems (11) at the front and rear ends of the traction system (1) are both installed on the I-shaped rails (16), and the braking system (11) at the rear is fixedly connected to the main carriage (21) of the carriage system (2) to pull the carriage system (2) to move; the carriage system (2) is composed of a main carriage (21) and an auxiliary carriage (22) arranged coaxially with the tunnel, and a plurality of spraying spray systems (3) uniformly distributed in a circle are arranged on the auxiliary carriage (22); The spray spray system (3) is symmetrically provided with a pair of traveling gears (31) on both sides of the connection with the auxiliary frame (22), and the traveling gears (31) are driven by the motor (32) to rotate to realize the rotation and movement of the spray spray system (3) on the auxiliary frame (22); the spray spray system (3) is provided with infrared distance sensors (34) on the front of both ends of its frame (33), and the shape of the tunnel is detected by the infrared distance sensors (34), so as to realize the integrity detection of the tunnel and feed back to the control system (6) to determine the amount of spraying at each part and the size of the spraying amount, thereby determining the thickness of the spraying. The spraying system (3) is configured to determine the spraying position and trajectory, and then give a spraying instruction to realize flexible spraying of the tunnel; each spraying spraying system (3) contains two combined spray guns (4), the combined spray gun (4) includes a spray gun body (43), an atomizing nozzle (42) and a built-in water pipe (41), the atomizing nozzle (42) is arranged around the outer periphery of the spray gun head, the spray gun body (43) is connected to the spraying machine (8) through the spraying pipe (54) for spraying operation, and the water pipe (53) is connected to the built-in water pipe (41) and the atomizing nozzle (42) in sequence, and dust is reduced by spraying atomized water droplets.

2. The tunnel three-track gantry close-range rotating multi-nozzle grouting and dust control device according to claim 1 is characterized by: One end of the anchor rod (15) is vertically driven into the tunnel for fixation, and the other end of the anchor rod (15) is fixedly connected to an I-shaped rail (16) extending longitudinally via a fixing bolt (17).

3. The tunnel three-track gantry close-range rotating multi-nozzle spraying and dust control device according to claim 1 is characterized by: The braking system (11) comprises an articulated shaft (111), a fork clamp (112), and a brake hydraulic cylinder (113). The traction system (1) realizes the conversion between traction and braking functions by adjusting the tension of the fork clamp (112) on the braking systems (11) at both ends and the extension and contraction of the travel hydraulic cylinder (12).

4. The tunnel three-track gantry close-range rotating multi-nozzle grouting and dust control device according to claim 1 is characterized by: One end of the hydraulic pipe (13) is connected to the travel hydraulic cylinder (12) and the other end is connected to the hydraulic pump (14), and is used to transport hydraulic oil to drive the travel hydraulic cylinder (12) to extend and retract.

5. The tunnel three-track gantry close-range rotating multi-nozzle grouting and dust control device according to claim 1 is characterized by: The spraying systems (3) are arranged in an even number and at least 4.

6. The tunnel three-track gantry close-range rotating multi-nozzle grouting and dust control device according to claim 1 is characterized by: A motor (32) is embedded in the middle of the front of the frame (33) and a motor shaft (35) is provided on the back thereof, and the motor shaft (35) drives a main gear (36) provided on the back of the frame (33) to rotate; transmission gears (37) are provided on both sides of the main gear (36), and both transmission gears (37) are provided with a gear shaft (38) fixedly connected to the travel gear (31), and the gear shaft (38) passes through the frame (33).

7. The tunnel three-track gantry close-range rotating multi-nozzle grouting and dust control device according to claim 1 is characterized by: The main frame (21) and the auxiliary frame (22) are fixedly connected to form a whole through a connecting rod (23).

8. The tunnel three-track gantry close-range rotating multi-nozzle grouting and dust control device according to claim 1 is characterized by: The frame (33) is provided with a through opening for installing the combined spray gun (4) near the infrared distance sensor (34), and the combined spray gun (4) is fixed by a tightening bolt (39); the tails of the two combined spray guns (4) are provided with an integrated pipe bundle (5) that converges together and is fixed by a pipe clamp (51).

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