Ventilation structure for inclined shaft to working face

Abstract

The application relates to a ventilation structure from an inclined shaft to a tunnel face, belonging to the field of tunnel construction equipment, which comprises a ventilation assembly; the ventilation assembly comprises a total air pipe and a plurality of branch pipes, the branch pipes are fixedly connected to the total air pipe; an air inlet and an air outlet are arranged on the total air pipe, each branch pipe is communicated with one air outlet; a first fan is arranged at the air inlet of the total air pipe to drive external airflow into the total air pipe; a second fan is arranged between the branch pipe and the total air pipe to drive airflow in the total air pipe into the branch pipe. The application has the effect of improving the airflow speed in the tunnel.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of tunnel construction equipment, in particular to a ventilation structure from inclined shaft to working face. BACKGROUND

[0002] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 When a tunnel 13 with a long distance is constructed in a high-altitude mountainous area, if the tunnel 13 is constructed by excavating from both ends to the middle of the tunnel 13, the construction period of the entire tunnel 13 will be too long, therefore, usually a plurality of first inclined shafts 11 are excavated on the side of the tunnel 13, and then the first inclined shafts 11 continue to excavate towards the preset position of the tunnel 13 to form second inclined shafts 12, and then excavate from the second inclined shafts 12 to both ends of the tunnel 13 in a multi-segment simultaneous construction manner, which can effectively shorten the construction period.

[0003] When the above operation scheme is adopted, the working face 131 needs to be opened on both sides of the second inclined shaft 12, and the working face 131 is usually excavated by drilling and blasting to form the tunnel 13. When drilling and blasting is used, a large amount of dust will be generated in the part to be blasted and will diffuse in the tunnel 13, affecting the air quality in the tunnel 13, therefore, the air in the tunnel 13 needs to be purified. When purifying, the pipeline 14 is connected from the end of the first inclined shaft 11 away from the tunnel 13 to the second inclined shaft 12 and the tunnel 13, and the air outlet of the pipeline 14 is directed towards the working face 131, and then the fan blows air into the pipeline 14. In the process of continuously ventilating the tunnel 13 through the pipeline 14, the airflow in the tunnel 13 will be sequentially discharged from the working face 131, through the tunnel 13, the second inclined shaft 12 and the first inclined shaft 11, so that the dust in the tunnel 13 is discharged with the airflow, thereby improving the air quality in the tunnel 13.

[0004] For the related technology in the above, with reference to Figure 2 In order to introduce the air from the outside into the tunnel 13, the pipeline 14 is usually laid in the first inclined shaft 11, each pipeline 14 is connected to the working face 131 after passing through the second inclined shaft 12 and the tunnel 13, and the fan is placed at the end of each pipeline 14 away from the working face 131, but for the construction site where multiple working faces 131 are opened and the distance of the inclined shaft and the tunnel 13 is long, this method cannot ensure that the air in each tunnel 13 can flow smoothly, therefore, how to improve the flow speed of the air in the tunnel 13 is a problem to be solved. SUMMARY

[0005] In order to improve the flow speed of the air in the tunnel, the present application provides a ventilation structure from inclined shaft to working face.

[0006] The ventilation structure from inclined shaft to working face provided by the present application adopts the following technical scheme:

[0007] A ventilation structure of an inclined shaft to a working face, comprising a ventilation assembly;

[0008] The ventilation assembly comprises a main air pipe and a plurality of branch pipes fixedly connected to the main air pipe;

[0009] The main air pipe is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet, and each branch pipe is in communication with one air outlet;

[0010] A first fan is arranged at the air inlet of the main air pipe to drive external air flow into the main air pipe;

[0011] A second fan is arranged between the branch pipe and the main air pipe to drive air flow in the main air pipe into the branch pipe.

[0012] By using the above technical solution, the main air pipe is arranged in the inclined shaft, the branch pipe is arranged in the tunnel, external air flow is introduced into the main air pipe by the first fan, and air flow in the main air pipe is introduced into the branch pipe by the second fan. By using this scheme, the first fan and the second fan are used to accelerate the air twice to improve the speed of air flow to the working face and the speed of air flow from the working face to the outside of the tunnel. Furthermore, if it is necessary to open 6-10 working faces at the same time, the main air pipe in the inclined shaft can supply air to a plurality of branch pipes through the air outlets, which is better than the related art, and 6-10 pipes do not need to be arranged in the inclined shaft, which can reduce the floor area in the inclined shaft to facilitate personnel walking in the inclined shaft.

[0013] Optionally, the ventilation assembly further comprises an oxygen supply assembly, and the oxygen supply assembly comprises an oxygen supply pipe;

[0014] The oxygen supply pipe is fixedly connected to the branch pipe, and an air outlet of the oxygen supply pipe is in communication with the branch pipe.

[0015] By using the above technical solution, oxygen is supplied to the branch pipe from the oxygen supply pipe to ensure sufficient oxygen flow from the branch pipe to the tunnel because oxygen is thin in high-altitude areas. In addition, the process of oxygen flowing out of the oxygen supply pipe can also accelerate the flow rate of air flow in the branch pipe when the oxygen supply pipe supplies oxygen to the branch pipe.

[0016] Optionally, the oxygen supply assembly further comprises a valve connected to the air outlet of the oxygen supply pipe to control the on-off of the oxygen supply pipe.

[0017] By adopting the technical scheme, the opening and closing of the oxygen supply pipeline is controlled by the valve to realize intermittent oxygen supply of the oxygen supply pipeline to the branch pipeline, so that the airflow in the branch pipeline and the airflow in the tunnel present a wavy advancing trend, and compared with the smooth airflow, the airflow can produce oscillation impact on the inner wall of the tunnel to reduce dust adhesion to the inner wall of the tunnel, and the dust in the tunnel can be discharged more completely.

[0018] Optionally, the pressure relief assembly further comprises a flexible bag, an opening is formed in the flexible bag, the flexible bag is located outside the branch pipeline, and the flexible bag is fixedly connected to the branch pipeline through the edge of the opening;

[0019] The branch pipeline is provided with a pressure relief opening in the pipe wall, and the pressure relief opening is located inside the opening to communicate the branch pipeline with the flexible bag through the opening and the pressure relief opening;

[0020] The air outlet port of the oxygen supply pipeline faces the pressure relief opening.

[0021] By adopting the technical scheme, in high-altitude areas, because the air pressure is low, if oxygen is directly introduced into the pipeline, it may cause the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the pipeline to be too large, therefore, when the oxygen supply pipeline supplies oxygen, the flexible bag outside the pressure relief opening can buffer the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the pipeline to some extent to reduce the impact of instantaneous airflow on the pipeline; furthermore, because the flexible bag is located outside the branch pipeline, that is, the flexible bag is located in the tunnel, therefore, the flexible bag can disturb the airflow in the tunnel at the moment of being stretched out to avoid the airflow in the tunnel being too smooth to cause dust to adhere to the inner wall of the tunnel.

[0022] Optionally, the pressure relief assembly further comprises a limiting piece and a first elastic piece, the limiting piece is located outside the branch pipeline, and the limiting piece is elastically hinged to the branch pipeline through the first elastic piece, and the first elastic piece has a force for driving the limiting piece to rotate towards one side of the branch pipeline during the process of recovering from the deformed posture to the normal state;

[0023] The flexible bag is located between the limiting piece and the branch pipeline.

[0024] By adopting the technical scheme, when the oxygen supply assembly supplies oxygen to the pressure relief opening, the flexible bag becomes an inflated state and pushes the limiting piece to rotate towards the side away from the pressure relief opening; when the oxygen supply assembly stops supplying oxygen to the pressure relief opening, the limiting piece can rotate towards the side of the pressure relief opening under the driving of the first elastic piece to press the flexible bag against the outer wall of the branch pipeline; by arranging the limiting piece and the first elastic piece, the first elastic piece can drive the limiting piece to move to accelerate the backflow of the airflow in the flexible bag to the branch pipeline.

[0025] Optionally, the outer wall of the branch pipe is fixedly connected with a guide plate, and the limiting piece is located between the two guide plates; when the flexible bag is in an inflated state, an accommodating cavity is formed between the limiting piece, the outer wall of the branch pipe and the two guide plates, and the accommodating cavity is used for accommodating the flexible bag; and the accommodating cavity is open on the side away from the total pipe to allow the flexible bag to be discharged.

[0026] By adopting the above technical scheme, the accommodating cavity is left open, and the inner wall of the accommodating cavity is composed of the outer wall of the branch pipe, so that the flexible bag is allowed to be directionally inflated by adhering to the outer wall of the branch pipe, and the expansion process of the flexible bag is guided by the guide plate and the limiting piece, so that the flexible bag is prevented from occupying too much position in the tunnel in the transverse direction.

[0027] Optionally, the outer wall of the branch pipe is fixedly connected with an abutting block, and when the limiting piece is located at the end of the guide plate away from the branch pipe, the side of the limiting piece away from the branch pipe is in contact with the abutting block.

[0028] By adopting the above technical scheme, when the limiting piece rotates towards the side away from the branch pipe, the limiting piece is limited by the abutting block, so that the limiting piece is prevented from rotating towards the side away from the branch pipe without limitation, and the damage of the first elastic member is reduced.

[0029] Optionally, the accelerating fan and a driving device are further included, the accelerating fan is located outside the branch pipe, and the accelerating fan includes a fan shell, a fan shaft and a blade.

[0030] The fan shell is fixedly connected to the branch pipe or the tunnel, the fan shaft is rotationally connected to the fan shell, and the blade is fixedly connected to the fan shaft.

[0031] The driving device is used for driving the fan shaft to rotate along the fan shell.

[0032] By adopting the above technical scheme, when the blade is installed, the blowing direction of the blade is from the working face to the outside of the tunnel, and therefore, the driving device provides power for the accelerating fan, and the accelerating fan accelerates the airflow in the tunnel to flow to the outside.

[0033] Optionally, the driving device includes a sliding piece, a second elastic member, a first connecting rod, a second connecting rod and a transmission assembly.

[0034] The sliding piece is slidingly connected to the branch pipe along the length direction of the branch pipe; and the second elastic member is fixedly connected between the sliding piece and the branch pipe.

[0035] The sliding piece moves towards the air supply direction of the branch pipe under the drive of a first external force.

[0036] The sliding member moves towards a direction opposite to the air supply direction of the branch pipe under the drive of a second external force;

[0037] The first external force is a pushing force generated when the flexible bag is pushed out of the opening of the accommodating chamber;

[0038] The second external force is a force generated when the second elastic member restores from a deformed state to a normal state;

[0039] The first connecting shaft is fixedly connected to the branch pipe along a direction perpendicular to the length direction of the branch pipe;

[0040] One end of the first connecting rod is hingedly connected to the sliding member, and the other end is hingedly connected to the second connecting rod; the other end of the second connecting rod is hingedly connected to the first connecting shaft, so that, during the sliding movement of the sliding member along the branch pipe, the first connecting rod is driven to rotate along the first connecting shaft through the second connecting rod;

[0041] The transmission assembly is connected between the second connecting rod and the fan shaft, so that the fan shaft is driven to rotate along the fan shell through the force generated when the second connecting rod rotates along the branch pipe.

[0042] By adopting the above technical solution, when the sliding member moves towards the side away from the main pipe under the pushing of the flexible bag, the hinged joint of the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod is pushed by the first connecting rod, and the first connecting shaft moves from the side close to the sliding member to the side away from the sliding member; when the sliding member moves towards the side close to the main pipe under the pushing of the first elastic member, the hinged joint of the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod is pushed by the first connecting rod, and the first connecting shaft moves from the side away from the sliding member to the side close to the sliding member; in this way, the rotation of the second connecting rod along the first connecting shaft is realized, so that the linear reciprocating movement of the sliding member is converted into a driving mode of rotation, and the accelerated fan is driven to operate, without the need for additional power supply for the accelerated fan, and the accelerated fan is driven to move while the branch pipe is supplied with oxygen.

[0043] Optionally, a ratchet wheel and a pawl are further included; the ratchet wheel is fixedly connected to the second connecting rod, and the axis of the ratchet wheel coincides with the rotation axis of the second connecting rod along the first connecting shaft; the pawl is elastically hingedly connected to the first connecting shaft, and the pawl is engaged with the ratchet wheel.

[0044] By adopting the above technical solution, when the ratchet wheel rotates with the second connecting rod, the pawl can limit the rotation direction of the ratchet wheel, so as to ensure that the ratchet wheel rotates in one direction, and the fan shaft can always drive the blades to rotate in the same direction, so as to ensure that the accelerated fan keeps the airflow in the tunnel in the direction from the working face to the outside of the tunnel.

[0045] To sum up, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0046] 1. By setting the first fan and the second fan to accelerate the air entering the tunnel twice, the speed of the airflow flowing towards the working face and the speed of the airflow flowing from the working face to the outside of the tunnel are increased;

[0047] 2. By setting the feeding assembly, the airflow is further accelerated;

[0048] 3. By setting the accelerating fan, the airflow is further accelerated. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0049] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the first perspective of the background technology in the embodiment of the present application;

[0050] Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram of the second perspective of the background technology in the embodiment of the present application;

[0051] Figure 3 is a structural schematic diagram of the ventilation structure located in the tunnel in the embodiment of the present application;

[0052] Figure 4 is a structural schematic diagram of the overall structure of the ventilation structure in the embodiment of the present application;

[0053] Figure 5 is a structural schematic diagram of the oxygen supply assembly in the embodiment of the present application;

[0054] Figure 6 is a structural schematic diagram of the pressure relief assembly in the embodiment of the present application;

[0055] Figure 7 is a structural schematic diagram of the driving device in the embodiment of the present application; Figure 6

[0056] Figure 8 is a structural schematic diagram of the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod in the embodiment of the present application;

[0057] Figure 9 is a structural schematic diagram of the ratchet and the pawl in the embodiment of the present application;

[0058] Figure 10 is a structural schematic diagram of the transmission assembly in the embodiment of the present application;

[0059] Figure 11 is a structural schematic diagram of the accelerating fan in the embodiment of the present application.

[0060] Figure 12 is a structural schematic diagram of the accelerating fan in the embodiment of the present application.

[0061] ​Explanation of reference signs: 11, first section of inclined shaft; 12, second section of inclined shaft; 13, tunnel; 131, working face; 14, pipeline; 2, ventilation assembly; 21, main air pipe; 211, branch leg; 212, first channel; 213, air inlet; 214, air outlet; 215, first fan; 22, air inlet pipe; 23, branch pipeline; 231, second channel; 232, second fan; 233, pressure relief opening; 3, oxygen supply assembly; 31, oxygen supply pipeline; 311, branch oxygen supply pipe; 32, valve; 4, pressure relief assembly; 41, flexible bag; 411, opening; 42, limiting piece; 43, first elastic piece; 44, hinged seat; 45, guide plate; 451, accommodating cavity; 46, abutting block; 5, driving device; 51, sliding piece; 52, second elastic piece; 53, first connecting rod; 54, second connecting rod; 541, rotating hole; 542, ratchet wheel; 543, pawl; 55, transmission assembly; 551, first gear wheel; 552, second gear wheel; 523, first bevel gear; 524, second bevel gear; 56, mounting block; 57, first mounting seat; 571, first connecting shaft; 58, second mounting seat; 581, second connecting shaft; 6, accelerating fan; 61, connecting seat; 62, fan shell; 63, fan shaft; 64, blade; 65, fan rack. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0062] The following description will be made in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Figures 3-12 The application is further described in detail.

[0063] The embodiment of the application discloses a ventilation structure from inclined shaft to working face. Referring to Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 , the ventilation structure from inclined shaft to working face comprises a ventilation assembly 2, an oxygen supply assembly 3, a pressure relief assembly 4, a driving device 5 and an accelerating fan 6; wherein the ventilation assembly 2 is used for conveying external air into the tunnel 13, the oxygen supply assembly 3 is used for providing oxygen into the tunnel 13, the pressure relief assembly 4 cooperates with the oxygen supply assembly 3 to provide power for the driving device 5, and meanwhile, the driving device 5 drives the accelerating fan 6 to operate as a power source of the accelerating fan 6 to accelerate air in the tunnel 13 to be discharged to the outside.

[0064] Referring to Figure 3 and Figure 4, the ventilation assembly 2 comprises a total air pipe 21, an air inlet pipe 22 and a plurality of branch pipes 23; the total air pipe 21 is located in the second section of the inclined shaft 12 and is arranged horizontally, a plurality of branch legs 211 arranged vertically are welded on the bottom wall of the total air pipe 21, so that the total air pipe 21 is lifted by the plurality of branch legs 211, and a first passage 212 is formed between the bottom wall of the total air pipe 21 and the bottom wall of the second section of the inclined shaft 12; an air inlet 213 is formed on one end of the total air pipe 21 close to the first section of the inclined shaft 11, and a plurality of air outlets 214 are formed on the pipe wall of the total air pipe 22; in the embodiment, the air inlet 213 of the end wall of the total air pipe 21 is provided with two air inlets.

[0065] With reference to Figure 3 and Figure 4 , the air inlet pipe 22 is located in the first section of the inclined shaft 11, and in the embodiment, the air inlet pipe 22 is provided with two air inlet pipes 22; one end of the air inlet pipe 22 is fixedly connected to the total air pipe 21 and communicates with the air inlet 213, and the other end extends to one end of the first section of the inclined shaft 11 away from the second section of the inclined shaft 12; the first air fan 215 is arranged at the end of the air inlet pipe 22 away from the total air pipe 21, and the first air fan 215 is used to deliver air outside to the air inlet pipe 22.

[0066] With reference to Figure 3 and Figure 4 , the branch pipe 23 is located in the tunnel 13, the branch pipe 23 is a cylindrical pipe 14, and the branch pipe 23 is fixedly connected to the top wall of the tunnel 13 through foundation bolts; the second passage 231 is formed between the outer wall of the branch pipe 23 and the inner wall of the tunnel 13, one end of the branch pipe 23 extends to the tunnel face 131 of each tunnel 13, and the other end is connected to the air outlet 214 of the total air pipe 21; the second air fan 232 is arranged between the air inlet end of the branch pipe 23 and the air outlet 214 of the total air pipe 21, the second air fan 232 is fixed between the branch pipe 23 and the total air pipe 21, the air inlet end of the second air fan 232 communicates with the air outlet 214 of the total air pipe 21, and the air outlet end communicates with the air inlet end of the branch pipe 23, so that the second air fan 232 accelerates the airflow in the total air pipe 21 to blow into the branch pipe 23.

[0067] With reference to Figure 5 and Figure 6The oxygen supply assembly 3 comprises an oxygen supply pipe 311 and a valve 32. An oxygen supply member is arranged outside the first inclined shaft 11. One end of the oxygen supply pipe 311 is in communication with the oxygen supply member to supply oxygen to the oxygen supply pipe 311 by the oxygen supply member. The other end of the oxygen supply pipe 311 extends to the working face 131 and is sequentially fixed to the outer wall of the air inlet pipe 22, the main pipe 14 and the branch pipe 23. A plurality of branch oxygen supply pipes 311 are fixed to the oxygen supply pipe 311. The branch oxygen supply pipes 311 are arranged in the branch pipe 23 and extend into the branch pipe 23 to supply oxygen to different positions in the branch pipe 23 by the branch oxygen supply pipes 311. The valve 32 is arranged in the branch pipe 23 and is fixed to the air outlet port of the branch oxygen supply pipe 311 to control the opening and closing of the branch oxygen supply pipe 311 by the valve 32.

[0068] With reference to Figure 6 A plurality of pressure relief openings 233 are arranged on the peripheral wall of the branch pipe 23. The pressure relief assembly 4 is arranged at the pressure relief openings 233. The air outlet port of the branch oxygen supply pipe 311 faces the pressure relief openings 233 to supply oxygen to the pressure relief assembly 4 by the branch oxygen supply pipe 311.

[0069] With reference to Figure 6 The pressure relief assembly 4 comprises a flexible bag 41, a limiting member 42 and a first elastic member 43. The flexible bag 41 is arranged outside the branch pipe 23 and has a bag-shaped structure with ductility. An opening 411 is arranged on the flexible bag 41. The edge of the flexible bag 41 at the opening 411 is fixed to the peripheral wall of the branch pipe 23 by glue and screws. Each pressure relief opening 233 is arranged inside one opening 411 of the flexible bag 41 to realize the communication between the flexible bag 41 and the branch pipe 23 by the pressure relief opening 233 and the opening 411 of the flexible bag 41.

[0070] With reference to Figure 6 and Figure 7 A hinge seat 44 is welded to the peripheral wall of the branch pipe 23 at the pressure relief opening 233. Specifically, the hinge seat 44 is arranged at the side of the pressure relief opening 233 close to the main air pipe 21. The limiting member 42 is hingedly connected to the hinge seat 44 by a hinge shaft. The first elastic member 43 is a torsion spring. The first elastic member 43 is sleeved on the hinge shaft and is welded at one end to the limiting seat and at the other end to the hinge seat 44 to realize the elastic hinging between the limiting member 42 and the hinge seat 44 by the first elastic member 43. The first elastic member 43 has a force to drive the limiting member 42 to rotate towards the side of the pressure relief opening 233 in the deformed state.

[0071] With reference to Figure 6 and Figure 7, the role of the limiting piece 42 is that when the branch oxygen supply pipe 311 stops supplying oxygen to the branch pipe 23, at this time the branch pipe 23 is mainly blown by the airflow in the branch pipe 23 by the first fan 215 and the second fan 232, in this state, the first elastic piece 43 is in a smaller deformation state, so that the limiting piece 42 extrudes the flexible bag 41 to the outer wall of the branch pipe 23 under the action of the first elastic piece 43, so that the flexible bag 41 is in a shriveled state; when the branch oxygen supply pipe 311 supplies oxygen to the pressure relief port 233, the airflow will flow into the flexible bag 41, at this time, due to the increase of the instantaneous pressure at the opening 411 of the flexible bag 41, the flexible bag 41 changes from the shriveled state to the inflated state, in this process, the flexible bag 41 pushes the limiting piece 42 towards the side away from the pressure relief port 233, at the same time, the deformation amount of the first elastic piece 43 gradually increases; in order to further increase the instantaneous pressure during oxygen supply, a high-pressure nozzle can be installed at the port of the branch oxygen supply pipe 311; when stopping supplying oxygen to the pressure relief port 233, the airflow in the flexible bag 41 will gradually flow back to the branch pipe 23, at this time, the force generated by the first elastic piece 43 when restoring the deformation drives the limiting piece 42 to move towards the side of the pressure relief port 233, which can accelerate the return of the air in the flexible bag 41 to the branch pipe 23.

[0072] With reference to Figure 6 In the embodiment, the flexible bag 41 also serves as a power source for the driving device 5. In order to enable the flexible bag 41 to be inflated towards the end of the branch pipe 23 away from the main air pipe 21, a guide plate 45 is welded outside the branch pipe 23. The flexible bag 41 is provided with one guide plate 45 on each side in the length direction of the branch pipe 23. The limiting piece 42 is located between the two guide plates 45, and the limiting piece 42 is in contact with one guide plate 45 on each side. In the inflated state of the flexible bag 41, the outer wall of the branch pipe 23, the side wall of the limiting piece 42 close to the branch pipe 23, and the side wall of the two guide plates 45 close to each other form an accommodating cavity 451. The accommodating cavity 451 is open on the side of the pressure relief port 233 away from the main air pipe 21, so that the inflated flexible bag 41 can rush out of the open end of the accommodating cavity 451. In order to facilitate the flexible bag 41 to rush out of the accommodating cavity 451, the flexible bag 41 is preferably a long strip-shaped bag.

[0073] With reference to Figure 6 and Figure 7 Further, in order to prevent the limiting piece 42 from rotating out of the two guide plates 45 during the process of rotating towards the side away from the pressure relief port 233, an abutting block 46 is arranged on the side of the limiting piece 42 away from the pressure relief port 233. The abutting block 46 is welded to the outer wall of the branch pipe 23. When the limiting piece 42 abuts against the abutting block 46, the limiting piece 42 is located at the end of the guide plate 45 away from the pressure relief port 233.

[0074] With reference to Figure 8The driving device 5 comprises a sliding piece 51, a second elastic piece 52, a first connecting rod 53, a second connecting rod 54 and a transmission assembly 55. In the embodiment, the sliding piece 51 is in the shape of a ring, coaxially sleeved on the outer wall of the branch pipe 23 and slidably connected to the branch pipe 23 along the length direction of the branch pipe 23, and located on the side of the flexible bag 41 away from the main air pipe 21. The second elastic piece 52, the first connecting rod 53, the second connecting rod 54 and the transmission assembly 55 are all located on the side of the sliding piece 51 away from the flexible bag 41.

[0075] With reference to Figure 8 In order to facilitate the installation of the second elastic piece 52 on the branch pipe 23, an installation block 56 is welded on the outer wall of the branch pipe 23. The second elastic piece 52 is a compression spring, one end of which is welded on the installation block 56 and the other end is welded on the sliding piece 51, and the second elastic piece 52 is located on the side of the sliding piece 51 away from the flexible bag 41.

[0076] With reference to Figure 8 The sliding piece 51 can be driven by a first external force to move towards the air supply direction of the branch pipe 23, wherein the air supply direction of the branch pipe 23 is towards the side of the flexible bag 41 away from the main air pipe 21.

[0077] The sliding piece 51 can be driven by a second external force to move towards the direction opposite to the air supply direction of the branch pipe 23.

[0078] The first external force is the pushing force generated when the flexible bag 41 is pushed out of the accommodating chamber 451.

[0079] The second external force is the force generated when the second elastic piece 52 recovers from the deformed state to the normal state.

[0080] Therefore, the sliding principle of the sliding piece 51 along the branch pipe 23 is as follows: when the flexible bag 41 is in the deflated state, the second elastic piece 52 is in the normal state; during the process of the flexible bag 41 being converted from the deflated state to the inflated state, the flexible bag 41 is pushed out of the opening of the accommodating chamber 451 and generates a pushing force on the sliding piece 51, so that the sliding piece 51 moves towards the air supply direction of the branch pipe 23, and along with the movement of the sliding piece 51, the second elastic piece 52 is gradually compressed to be deformed; when the oxygen supply to the flexible bag 41 is stopped, the air pressure in the flexible bag 41 gradually decreases, and in the process of gradually losing the external force provided by the flexible bag 41, the second elastic piece 52 gradually recovers from the deformed state to the compressed state, and the force generated when the second elastic piece 52 recovers from the deformed state pushes the sliding piece 51 to move towards the direction opposite to the air supply direction of the branch pipe 23.

[0081] With reference to Figure 8, in order to facilitate the first connecting rod 53, the second connecting rod 54 and the slider 51 is connected, the outer wall of the branch pipe 23 is welded with L type first mounting seat 57, the first connecting shaft 571 is rotatably connected on the first mounting seat 57, the first connecting shaft 571 is fixedly connected to the first mounting seat 57, and the axis of the first connecting shaft 571 is perpendicular to the pipe length of the branch pipe 23.

[0082] Referring to Figure 9 and Figure 10 , the first connecting rod 53 and the second connecting rod 54 form a connecting rod structure, one end of the first connecting rod 53 is hinged to the slider 51, the other end is hinged to the end of the second connecting rod 54; one end of the second connecting rod 54 is hinged to the first connecting rod 53, the other end is provided with a rotating hole 541, the first connecting shaft 571 is coaxially located in the rotating hole 541, the second connecting rod 54 is coaxially welded with a ratchet wheel 542 in the rotating hole 541, in this embodiment, the teeth of the ratchet wheel 542 are located in the inner ring of the ratchet wheel 542, the outer wall of the first connecting shaft 571 is hinged with a pawl 543 through a torsion spring, the pawl 543 is elastically hinged to the outer peripheral wall of the first connecting shaft 571 through a torsion spring and a rotating shaft, and the pawl 543 is engaged with the ratchet wheel 542 to realize the one-way rotation of the second connecting rod 54 along the first connecting shaft 571. In this embodiment, the ratchet wheel and pawl structure is used to realize the one-way rotation of the second connecting rod 54 along the first connecting shaft 571, of course, other structures can also be used to realize the one-way rotation of the second connecting rod 54 along the first connecting shaft 571.

[0083] Referring to Figure 11 , the transmission assembly 55 includes a first gear 551, a second gear 552, a first bevel gear 523 and a second bevel gear 524, the number of teeth and the outer diameter of the first gear 551 are greater than the outer diameter of the second gear 552, and the first gear 551 is coaxially rotatably connected to the first connecting shaft 571 through a bearing; the first gear 551 is fixedly connected with the second connecting rod 54, and the rotating hole 541 on the second connecting rod 54 is coaxially arranged with the first gear 551, so that the first gear 551 rotates synchronously and one-way with the second connecting rod 54 along the first connecting shaft 571.

[0084] Referring to Figure 11 , in order to facilitate the installation of the second gear 552, a second mounting seat 58 is welded on the outer peripheral wall of the branch pipe 23, a second connecting shaft 581 is welded on the second mounting seat 58, the second connecting shaft 581 is parallel to the first connecting shaft 571, the second gear 552 is coaxially rotatably connected to the second connecting shaft 581, and the second gear 552 is engaged with the first gear 551.

[0085] Referring to Figure 11 , the first bevel gear 523 is coaxially fixedly connected to the second gear 552 to rotate with the second bevel gear 524, the second bevel gear 524 is engaged with the first bevel gear 523, and the second bevel gear 524 is connected with the accelerating fan 6.

[0086] Referring to Figure 12 The accelerating fan 6 comprises a connecting seat 61, a fan shell 62, a fan shaft 63 and a blade 64; the connecting seat 61 is welded to the outer wall of the branch pipeline 23, the fan shell 62 is welded to the outer wall of the branch pipeline 23, the fan shell 62 is in the shape of a ring, the axis of the fan shell 62 is parallel to the branch pipeline 23, the inner wall of the fan shell 62 is welded with a fan frame 65 at the end, the fan shaft 63 is rotatably connected to the fan frame 65, and the blade 64 is an axial flow impeller, which is welded to the fan shaft 63, so that the fan shaft 63 and the blade 64 form an axial flow fan to drive the airflow in the tunnel 13 to flow; when the accelerating fan 6 is installed, it is necessary to ensure that the blowing direction of the accelerating fan 6 is from the working face 131 to the side of the main pipeline 21, so as to accelerate the air in the tunnel 13 to be discharged.

[0087] The implementation principle of the ventilation structure from the inclined shaft to the working face in the embodiment of the application is as follows: after the ventilation structure is installed in place, firstly, the airflow from the outside is transported into the branch pipeline 23 by the first fan 215 and the second fan 232, and then oxygen is intermittently supplied into the branch pipeline 23 by the oxygen supply assembly 3, so as to ensure that there is oxygen in the tunnel 13 for the workers to breathe in the case of high altitude; the oxygen and the airflow provided from the outside flow from the branch pipeline 23 to the working face 131, and then flow from the working face 131 to the second section of the inclined shaft 12 and the first section of the inclined shaft 11 in the tunnel 13, and finally are discharged to the outside from the end of the first section of the inclined shaft 11 away from the second section of the inclined shaft 12; in the process of the airflow flowing from the tunnel 13 to the first section of the inclined shaft 11, the dust generated after the working face 131 is blasted will flow to the outside along with the airflow, so as to reduce the amount of dust in the tunnel 13.

[0088] When the airflow in the tunnel 13 flows from the working face 131 to the first section of the inclined shaft 11, the airflow is accelerated by the accelerating fan 6, and the power of the accelerating fan 6 is provided by the power generated by the intermittent oxygen supply of the oxygen supply assembly 3 to the pressure relief assembly 4.

[0089] When the oxygen supply assembly 3 supplies oxygen to the pressure relief assembly 4, the flexible bag 41 changes from the deflated state to the inflated state, and pushes the sliding piece 51 to move away from the side of the main pipeline 21; when the oxygen supply assembly 3 stops supplying oxygen to the pressure relief assembly 4, the flexible bag 41 changes from the inflated state to the deflated state, and the second elastic piece 52 drives the sliding piece 51 to move towards the side of the main pipeline 21 in the process of restoring the deformation; thus, the intermittent oxygen supply of the oxygen supply assembly 3 is used to realize the reciprocating sliding of the sliding piece 51 along the main pipeline 21.

[0090] When the sliding member 51 slides toward the side away from the main air pipe 21, the hinged points of the first connecting rod 53 and the second connecting rod 54 are rotated in an arc by the first connecting shaft 571 from the side close to the main air pipe 21 to the side away from the main air pipe 21; when the sliding member 51 slides toward the side close to the main air pipe 21, the hinged points of the first connecting rod 53 and the second connecting rod 54 are rotated in an arc by the first connecting shaft 571 from the side away from the main air pipe 21 to the side close to the main air pipe 21, so as to realize the rotation of the second connecting rod 54 along the first connecting shaft 571; in this process, due to the existence of the ratchet wheel 542 and the pawl 543, the second connecting rod 54 can rotate along the first connecting shaft 571 in one direction, and the first gear 551 fixed to the second connecting rod 54 will rotate in one direction synchronously with the second connecting rod 54; further, the second gear 552, the first bevel gear 523 and the second bevel gear 524 will rotate with the first gear 551 through the meshing connection relationship; when the second bevel gear 524 rotates, the fan shaft 63 will rotate, and when the blade 64 fixed to the fan shaft 63 rotates with the fan shaft 63, the air in the tunnel 13 will be accelerated and discharged to the outside of the first inclined shaft 11.

[0091] The above are the preferred embodiments of the present application, which do not limit the protection scope of the present application, therefore: any equivalent changes made on the structure, shape and principle of the present application should be covered into the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A ventilation structure from an inclined shaft to the working face, characterized in that, Including ventilation components; The ventilation assembly includes a main duct and multiple branch ducts, the branch ducts being fixedly connected to the main duct; The main air duct is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet, and each of the branch ducts is connected to one of the air outlets. A first fan is installed at the air inlet of the main air duct to drive external airflow into the main air duct; A second fan is provided between the branch pipe and the main duct to drive the airflow in the main duct into the branch pipe; It also includes an oxygen supply assembly, which includes an oxygen supply pipeline; The oxygen supply pipe is fixedly connected to the branch pipe, and the air outlet of the oxygen supply pipe is connected to the branch pipe. The oxygen supply assembly also includes a valve, which is connected to the air outlet of the oxygen supply pipeline to control the opening and closing of the oxygen supply pipeline. It also includes a pressure relief assembly, which includes a flexible bag with an opening. The flexible bag is located outside the branch pipe and is fixedly connected to the branch pipe through the edge of the opening. The branch pipe has a pressure relief port on its wall, and the pressure relief port is located inside the opening to connect the branch pipe and the flexible bag through the opening and the pressure relief port; The air outlet of the oxygen supply pipeline faces the pressure relief port; The pressure relief assembly further includes a limiting member and a first elastic member. The limiting member is located outside the branch pipe, and the limiting member is elastically hinged to the branch pipe through the first elastic member. During the process of the first elastic member returning from the deformed posture to the normal state, it has a force that drives the limiting member to rotate toward one side of the branch pipe. The flexible bag is located between the limiting member and the branch pipe; A guide plate is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the branch pipe, and the limiting member is located between the two guide plates; when the flexible bag is in an inflated state, a receiving chamber is formed between the limiting member, the outer wall of the branch pipe and the two guide plates, and the receiving chamber is used to receive the flexible bag; the receiving chamber is open on the side of the pressure relief port away from the main pipe so that the flexible bag can be flushed out. An abutment block is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the branch pipe. When the limiting member is located at the end of the guide plate away from the branch pipe, the side of the limiting member away from the branch pipe contacts the abutment block. It also includes an acceleration fan and a drive device, wherein the acceleration fan is located outside the branch pipe and the acceleration fan includes a fan casing, a fan shaft and blades; The fan casing is fixedly connected to the branch pipe or tunnel, the fan shaft is rotatably connected to the fan casing, and the blades are fixedly connected to the fan shaft; The drive device is used to drive the fan shaft to rotate along the fan casing; The driving device includes a slider, a second elastic element, a first connecting rod, a second connecting rod, and a transmission assembly; The sliding member is slidably connected to the sub-pipe along the length of the sub-pipe; the second elastic member is fixedly connected between the sliding member and the sub-pipe. The sliding member moves toward the air supply direction of the branch pipe under the drive of the first external force; The sliding member moves in the opposite direction to the air supply direction of the branch pipe under the drive of the second external force; The first external force is provided by the thrust generated when the flexible bag is ejected from the opening of the receiving chamber; The second external force is provided by the force generated when the second elastic element returns to its normal state from the deformed state; A first connecting shaft is fixedly connected to the branch pipe along the direction perpendicular to the length of the branch pipe; One end of the first connecting rod is hinged to the sliding member, and the other end is hinged to the second connecting rod; the other end of the second connecting rod is hinged to the first connecting shaft, so that during the sliding of the sliding member along the branch pipe, the second connecting rod drives the first connecting rod to rotate along the first connecting shaft; The transmission assembly is connected between the second connecting rod and the fan shaft, so as to drive the fan shaft to rotate along the fan casing by the force generated when the second connecting rod rotates along the branch pipe.

2. The ventilation structure from the inclined shaft to the working face according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a ratchet and a pawl; the ratchet is fixedly connected to the second link, and the axis of the ratchet coincides with the rotation axis of the second link along the first connecting shaft; the pawl is elastically hinged to the first connecting shaft, and the pawl engages with the ratchet.

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