A Taxus wallichiana aril extract and its application
Treating barnyard grass seeds with the aril extract of Taxus chinensis significantly inhibited barnyard grass growth without affecting rice, solving the problem of barnyard grass damage in rice fields and providing a basis for the development of biological herbicides.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- ZHEJIANG FORESTRY UNIVERSITY
- Filing Date
- 2023-06-25
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-30
AI Technical Summary
Barnyard grass is widely distributed in rice paddies, causing serious damage and being difficult to control effectively. Current technology lacks effective biological herbicides.
Using the aril extract of Taxus chinensis, and with water and ethanol as solvents, allelochemicals were extracted. By treating barnyard grass and rice seeds, the growth of barnyard grass was significantly inhibited without affecting the growth of rice.
The extract of the aril of Taxus chinensis effectively inhibited the growth of barnyard grass at a concentration of 0.3 g/mL, without significantly affecting the growth of rice, providing a basis for the research and development of biological herbicides.
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Figure CN116897964B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention belongs to the field of plant allelopathic technology, specifically relating to an extract of the aril of Taxus wallichiana and its application. Background Technology
[0002] Barnyard grass (Echinochloa crusgalli) is widely distributed in rice-growing areas throughout China and is a common and prevalent noxious grass weed. While its morphological characteristics are similar to rice, barnyard grass is more resilient and grows faster than most rice varieties, competing with rice for water, fertilizer, air, and heat. If control measures are insufficient, barnyard grass can cause significant damage. In addition to directly harming rice, barnyard grass can also indirectly transmit pests and diseases such as rice planthoppers, rice stink bugs, rice stem borers, and rice blast.
[0003] Plant allelopathic effects are one of the main measures for weed control in fields. Southern yew (Taxus wallichiana var. mairei) exhibits allelopathic effects on surrounding plants, either promoting or inhibiting their growth. Therefore, southern yew has significant potential for development and utilization, as well as considerable scientific research value.
[0004] To address the problem of barnyard grass damage, this application will conduct preliminary experiments on the extract of the aril of Taxus wallichiana, providing a basis for further research on the allelopathic mechanism of Taxus wallichiana and the development of novel green herbicides. Summary of the Invention
[0005] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of this invention is to provide an extraction method of the aril extract of Taxus chinensis and its application method on the allelopathic effects of barnyard grass and rice, so as to solve the problem of barnyard grass damaging farmland for a long time.
[0006] This invention is specifically implemented through the following technical solutions:
[0007] The first aspect of this invention provides an extract of the aril of Taxus chinensis, which is obtained through the following steps:
[0008] 1) Thoroughly crush the aril of the southern yew using a mortar and pestle;
[0009] 2) Extraction was carried out using water and ethanol as solvents, and the mother liquor was obtained by rotary evaporation;
[0010] 3) Dilute the mother liquor to the required concentration.
[0011] Furthermore, in step 2), water and ethanol are used as solvents for extraction for 48 hours, and rotary evaporation is used to obtain a 1 g / mL extraction mother liquor.
[0012] Furthermore, in step 2), the mother liquor is diluted to 0.1–0.5 g / mL.
[0013] The second aspect of this invention provides the application of the above-mentioned extract of Taxus chinensis aril in enhancing the allelopathic effects of barnyard grass and rice.
[0014] The third aspect of this invention provides the application of the above-mentioned extract of Taxus chinensis aril in the control of barnyard grass.
[0015] A fourth aspect of the present invention provides a biological herbicide containing the above-mentioned extract of the aril of Taxus chinensis.
[0016] This invention uses water and ethanol as extraction solvents to extract allelochemicals from the aril of *Taxus wallichiana*, and applies them to seed treatment of barnyard grass and rice. Experimental results show that the *Taxus wallichiana* aril extract significantly inhibited the growth and development of barnyard grass at gradually increasing concentrations, while the extract had no significant effect on the growth and development of rice.
[0017] Therefore, the present invention provides an extract of *Taxus chinensis* aril and its application method in controlling barnyard grass, which is of great significance. A 0.3 g / mL aqueous extract of *Taxus chinensis* aril can effectively inhibit the growth of barnyard grass, while having little or no effect on the growth and development of rice. Therefore, using a 0.3 g / mL aqueous extract of *Taxus chinensis* aril to control barnyard grass in rice fields provides a basis for the development of biological herbicides. Further research could consider the responses of *Taxus chinensis* to other plants, insects, and microorganisms, as well as the feasibility and safety of its application in different ecosystems, to better utilize and develop this biological resource. Attached Figure Description
[0018] Figure 1 It is a southern yew.
[0019] Figure 2This study investigated the effects of *Taxus macrocarpa* aril extract on seed germination traits. (A) Effect of aril extract on root growth of *Echinochloa crus-galli* and rice seeds; (B) Effect of aril extract on stem growth of *Echinochloa crus-galli* and rice seeds; (C) Effect of aril extract on fresh weight growth of *Echinochloa crus-galli* and rice seeds; (D) Effect of aril extract on dry weight growth of *Echinochloa crus-galli* and rice seeds. (In the figures, different letters represent significant differences in different materials and concentrations at the p<0.05 level. CK1 is the *Echinochloa crus-galli* control group, CK2 is the rice control group, BNS0.1 is the *Echinochloa crus-galli* group treated with 0.1 g / mL *Taxus macrocarpa* aqueous extract, BNY0.1 is the *Echinochloa crus-galli* group treated with 0.1 g / mL *Taxus macrocarpa* ethanol extract, BNS0.3 is the *Echinochloa crus-galli* group treated with 0.3 g / mL *Taxus macrocarpa* aqueous extract, and BNY...) SNS0.3 refers to the barnyard grass group treated with 0.3 g / mL Taxus wallichiana ethanol extract, SNS0.1 refers to the rice group treated with 0.1 g / mL Taxus wallichiana ethanol extract, SNY0.1 refers to the rice group treated with 0.1 g / mL Taxus wallichiana ethanol extract, SNS0.3 refers to the rice group treated with 0.3 g / mL Taxus wallichiana ethanol extract, and SNY0.3 refers to the rice group treated with 0.3 g / mL Taxus wallichiana ethanol extract.
[0020] Figure 3 The content of paclitaxel and flavonol in the aril of Taxus wallichiana. Detailed Implementation
[0021] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments in order to better understand the technical solution.
[0022] Example 1: Extraction of aril extract from Taxus chinensis
[0023] Grind 10g of each of the aril from *Taxus wallichiana* and place them in a beaker. Add 100mL of 95% ethanol solution to the beaker and extract at 4℃ for 48 hours (shaking every two hours). Filter the aril with filter paper to obtain the filtrate. Next, use a rotary evaporator RE-3000 to evaporate all the ethanol from the filtrate. Add ethanol and water to the remaining solution and bring the volume to 100mL to obtain a mother liquor with a concentration of 1g / mL. Dilute the mother liquor to two concentration gradients, 0.1g / mL and 0.3g / mL, and store each solution (30mL in each test tube) at 4℃ for experimental use.
[0024] In this embodiment, the extraction solvent can be replaced with water.
[0025] Example 2: Treatment of barnyard grass and rice seeds with aril extract from Taxus chinensis
[0026] In the experiment, 90 seeds each of barnyard grass and rice were treated. First, the barnyard grass and rice seeds were soaked separately in 40℃ warm water for 30 minutes, and then placed in glass petri dishes lined with double-layered qualitative filter paper. Next, 2 mL of solutions of different concentration gradients were pipetted into each petri dish, with an equal volume of distilled water as a blank control. Each experiment was repeated three times. Throughout the experiment, the petri dishes were kept at a constant temperature of 25℃ in a constant temperature incubator. The number of germinations was recorded every 48 hours, and after 15 days, the number of germinations, root length, stem length, fresh weight, and dry weight were recorded as growth indicators.
[0027] Example 3: Determination of paclitaxel and flavonols in the aril of Taxus chinensis
[0028] Five g of the aril of *Taxus wallichiana* was weighed and extracted with 50 mL of water for 48 h. The extract was then evaporated to dryness using a rotary evaporator until a 1 g / mL extract was obtained. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was then used to analyze and determine the components in the extract.
[0029] Experimental Example 1: Extraction of Aril from Taxus wallichiana
[0030] The morphology of the aril of Taxus wallichiana is as follows Figure 1 As shown, the aril of *Taxus wallichiana* is red. The aril of *Taxus wallichiana* was extracted using water and ethanol according to the method in Example 1, and the extract was then rotary evaporated to obtain a mother liquor.
[0031] Experimental Example 2: Effects of Taxus wallichiana aril extract on the growth of recipient barnyard grass and rice seeds.
[0032] Using barnyard grass seeds and rice seeds as recipient materials, the method of Example 2 was applied to treat them with the aril extract of Taxus wallichiana, and the growth of barnyard grass seeds and rice seeds was observed. Based on the effects of Taxus wallichiana aril extract on the growth factors of barnyard grass and rice, such as... Figure 2 From the experimental results shown, we can draw the following conclusions:
[0033] At a concentration of 0.1 g / mL, the aqueous and ethanolic extracts of Taxus chinensis aril had no significant effect on root vigor, stem length, fresh weight accumulation, and dry weight accumulation indices of barnyard grass and rice seeds.
[0034] At a concentration of 0.3 g / mL, the aqueous and ethanolic extracts of *Taxus chinensis* aril significantly inhibited the growth indicators of *Echinochloa crus-galli* seeds, including root length, stem length, fresh weight accumulation, and dry weight accumulation. The aqueous extract group showed a stronger inhibitory effect on *Echinochloa crus-galli* than the ethanolic extract group. However, there were no significant differences between the aqueous and ethanolic extract groups of *Taxus chinensis* on the root length, stem length, fresh weight accumulation, and dry weight accumulation of rice seeds, and no significant changes were observed compared to the control group.
[0035] In summary, the aril of *Taxus macrocarpa* contains certain bioactive components that affect the growth and development of barnyard grass and rice seeds. Specifically, high concentrations of aqueous and ethanol extracts of *Taxus macrocarpa* significantly inhibited the growth of root length, stem length, fresh weight accumulation, and dry weight accumulation in barnyard grass seeds. Among the two extract groups, the aqueous extract group had a stronger effect on barnyard grass seeds than the ethanol extract group. However, the aqueous aril extract group showed a smaller impact on the growth and development of rice seeds. Therefore, using high concentrations of aqueous extracts of *Taxus macrocarpa* is a relatively suitable method for controlling barnyard grass in the field. This suggests that the active components contained in the aril of *Taxus macrocarpa* can be used to develop environmentally friendly plant-derived herbicides.
[0036] Experimental Example 3: Analysis of Paclitaxel and Flavonoid Content in the Aril of Taxus chinensis
[0037] Using plump arillets of *Taxus macrocarpa* as experimental material, the content of various components in the arillets was determined and analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Based on the paclitaxel and flavonol content in the *Taxus macrocarpa* arillets, such as... Figure 3 As shown, the paclitaxel content in the aril of *Taxus wallichiana* was 2.683 μg / g, and the flavonol content was 1.908 mg / g. The high levels of paclitaxel and flavonols in the aril may influence its allelopathic effects.
Claims
1. The application of Taxus wallichiana pericarp extract in the prevention and treatment of Echinochloa crus-galli, characterized in that, The Taxus chinensis var. mairei testa extraction solution is obtained by the following steps: 1) The Taxus chinensis var. mairei testa is fully crushed by a mortar; 2) Water and ethanol are used as solvents for extraction for 48 hours, and rotary evaporation is performed to obtain 1 g / mL extraction mother liquor; 3) The extraction mother liquor is diluted to 0.3 g / mL; The extraction solution is used for inhibiting the growth of Echinochloa crus-galli.