A double protection mechanism for fork tip

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field related to forklift protective equipment, and discloses a double protection mechanism for the fork tip. In order to solve the problem of still having the anti-collision protection effect when the photoelectric sensor fails, a mechanical anti-collision sensor is arranged on the outside of the photoelectric anti-collision sensor. The photoelectric anti-collision sensor realizes photoelectric anti-collision by irradiating light onto the obstacle and receiving the reflection of the obstacle. When the light is irradiated on a hollow mesh or an obstacle with insufficient reflectivity, the anti-collision plate at the front end of the fixed frame will contact the obstacle, and the fork leg approaching the obstacle will force the anti-collision plate to approach the mechanical anti-collision sensor. After the anti-collision plate moves into the sensing range of the mechanical anti-collision sensor, secondary mechanical anti-collision is realized, and finally the double anti-collision effect of photoelectric and mechanical is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field related to forklift protective equipment, and in particular to a double protection mechanism for the tip of a fork. Background Art

[0002] The forks are the primary components for loading and unloading cargo and are the heart of a forklift. The fork arms, also known as "fork legs," have adjustable fork tips, depending on the size and shape of the cargo. The forks typically move up and down to facilitate lifting and lowering cargo.

[0003] The fork legs are located at the front end of the forklift. During movement, there is a possibility of colliding with obstacles, causing accidents in which the fork legs are damaged by external forces. Although photoelectric anti-collision devices are currently installed at the front end of the fork legs for detection and protection, when the obstacle is a hollow mesh, the light shining through the hollow position is not easily detected by the sensor, causing the anti-collision mechanism to fail. At the same time, when the photoelectric sensor is damaged or the obstacle is not reflective enough, the anti-collision detection mechanism will also fail. Therefore, a mechanism that can provide dual protection against fork collisions is needed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application proposes a dual protection mechanism for the fork tip, which has the advantages of both photoelectric and mechanical dual anti-collision, and is used to solve the problem of unstable anti-collision protection caused by the photoelectric sensor passing through the hollow net and its own failure raised in the above background technology.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application adopts the following technical scheme: a double protection mechanism for the fork tip, comprising: a fork leg, a fixing bracket fixedly installed on the inner side of the top end of the fork leg, a mechanical anti-collision sensor fixedly installed on the middle part of the surface of the fixing bracket, a photoelectric anti-collision sensor fixedly installed in the middle part of the mechanical anti-collision sensor, a lubricating sleeve fixedly installed on the inner bottom of the fixing bracket, and a guide column movably sleeved on the inner side of the lubricating sleeve, an anti-collision plate located in front of the photoelectric anti-collision sensor fixedly installed on the end of the guide column, a spring located between the anti-collision plate and the fixing bracket is provided on the outer side of the guide column, a notch is opened in the middle part of the anti-collision plate, and a rear baffle located on one side of the fixing bracket is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the fork leg; the light emitted by the photoelectric anti-collision sensor is irradiated onto the obstacle through the notch of the anti-collision plate, and photoelectric anti-collision is realized after receiving the reflected light from the obstacle; after the photoelectric anti-collision sensor fails, the anti-collision plate at the front end of the fixing bracket will hit the obstacle, and the anti-collision plate enters the sensing range of the mechanical anti-collision sensor, thereby realizing mechanical anti-collision.

[0006] Furthermore, a pressure plate located above the fork leg is fixedly installed on the inner side of the anti-collision plate, the pressure plate is movably installed on the surface of the fork leg, a ball located below the pressure plate is movably installed on the surface of the fork leg, and a material blocking plate is fixedly installed on the surface of the pressure plate.

[0007] Furthermore, the angle between the surface of the fork leg and the surface of the anti-collision plate is within a range of five to fifteen degrees.

[0008] Furthermore, the interior of the lubrication sleeve and the end of the guide column form a sealed buffer chamber, a ventilation pipe for communicating the buffer chamber with the outside is fixedly installed on the side of the fixing frame, a mounting frame is movably installed on the side of the fixing frame, and a pressure relief ring is fixedly installed in the middle of the mounting frame, and a pendulum ball located below the pressure relief ring is fixedly installed on the end of the mounting frame, and a pressure relief groove is provided on the surface of the pressure relief ring. During stable movement, the pendulum ball is vertically downward due to gravity, and the pressure relief groove is connected to the ventilation pipe to connect the external airflow with the buffer chamber in the lubrication sleeve.

[0009] Furthermore, the pendulum ball is a solid iron ball.

[0010] Furthermore, the pressure relief groove is C-shaped.

[0011] Furthermore, a damping head is movably installed inside the ventilation pipe, and a one-way air valve for one-way flow of external air to the buffer chamber in the lubrication sleeve is fixedly installed on the side wall of the damping head. A damping hole is provided in the middle of the damping head, and a ventilation groove located on one side of the pressure relief ring is provided on the inner side of the end of the ventilation pipe. A detection part is provided on the back of the pressure relief ring, and the two ends of the detection part are respectively connected to the two ends of the pressure relief groove, and the surface of the detection part is a slope.

[0012] Furthermore, the shape of the damping head is a combination of a conical cone and a cylinder, the cylinder is movably connected to the inner wall of the ventilation pipe, and the conical cone on the damping head is close to the pressure relief ring.

[0013] Furthermore, the length of the ventilation pipe is set to be 1.5 to 2.5 times the length of the damping head.

[0014] Furthermore, a tension spring is fixedly installed at the end of the damping head and the interior of the ventilation pipe.

[0015] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] The present application provides a dual protection mechanism for the fork tip, in which a mechanical anti-collision sensor is arranged on the outside of the photoelectric anti-collision sensor. The photoelectric anti-collision sensor realizes photoelectric anti-collision by irradiating light onto an obstacle and receiving the reflection of the obstacle. When the light is irradiated on a hollow mesh or insufficiently reflective obstacle, the anti-collision plate at the front end of the fixed frame will contact the obstacle. The fork leg approaching the obstacle will force the anti-collision plate to approach the mechanical anti-collision sensor. After the anti-collision plate moves into the sensing range of the mechanical anti-collision sensor, secondary mechanical anti-collision is realized, thereby finally achieving the dual anti-collision effect of both photoelectric and mechanical. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments disclosed herein and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles disclosed herein.

[0018] The present disclosure can be more clearly understood from the following detailed description with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0019] Figure 1 This is the overall appearance diagram of the first embodiment;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a perspective view of the interior of the first embodiment;

[0021] Figure 3 It is an overall top view of the first embodiment;

[0022] Figure 4 This is an outline diagram of the second embodiment;

[0023] Figure 5 This is an internal perspective view of the second embodiment;

[0024] Figure 6 It is a front cross-sectional view of the second embodiment;

[0025] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the lubrication sleeve arrangement;

[0026] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the pressure relief ring structure;

[0027] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the ventilation pipe structure;

[0028] Figure 10 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the ventilation path of the ventilation tube.

[0029] In the figure: 1. Fixed bracket; 2. Guide column; 3. Anti-collision plate; 4. Mechanical anti-collision sensor; 5. Tailgate; 6. Spring; 7. Photoelectric anti-collision sensor; 8. Lubricating sleeve; 9. Fork leg; 10. Pressure plate; 11. Pressure relief ring; 110. Pressure relief groove; 111. Detection unit; 12. Pendulum ball; 13. Mounting bracket; 14. Ventilation pipe; 140. Ventilation groove; 15. Damping head; 150. Damping hole; 151. One-way air valve; 16. Tension spring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of this application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of this application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0031] Example 1

[0032] See also Figure 1-Figure 3 , the fork leg 9 is installed at the front end of the forklift, and the fork leg 9 is controlled to rise and fall by the forklift to realize the fork leg 9 to transport the goods, and a fixing frame 1 is provided on the inner side of the top of the fork leg 9, which is fixed by bolts. A mechanical anti-collision sensor 4 is fixedly installed on the middle part of the surface of the fixing frame 1, and a photoelectric anti-collision sensor 7 is fixedly installed in the middle part of the mechanical anti-collision sensor 4. The photoelectric anti-collision sensor 7 emits light on the object and receives the reflected light of the object, so as to detect whether there is an obstruction in front of the photoelectric anti-collision sensor 7. A lubricating sleeve 8 is fixedly installed on the bottom inner side of the fixing frame 1, and a guide column 2 is movably sleeved on the inner side of the lubricating sleeve 8. A collision plate 3 is fixedly installed on the end of the guide column 2 in front of the photoelectric anti-collision sensor 7. A spring 6 is provided on the outside of the guide column 2 between the collision plate 3 and the fixing frame 1. A notch is opened in the middle of the collision plate 3 for the light of the photoelectric anti-collision sensor 7 to be emitted. The inner wall of the fork leg 9 is fixedly installed with a rear baffle 5 on one side of the fixing frame 1, so as to prevent the fixing frame 1 from moving after the fixation is completed.

[0033] When using:

[0034] Photoelectric anti-collision: When the forklift drives the fork leg 9 close to an obstacle, the light emitted by the photoelectric anti-collision sensor 7 is irradiated onto the obstacle through the notch of the anti-collision plate 3. When the reflected light from the obstacle is received, it means that there is an obstacle in front of the fork leg 9, that is, the photoelectric anti-collision effect is achieved. Similarly, when the photoelectric anti-collision sensor 7 does not receive the reflected light from the obstacle, there is no obstacle in front of the fork leg 9 and it can pass normally.

[0035] Mechanical anti-collision: refer to the attached Figure 1 When the fork leg 9 encounters a hollow obstacle, the photoelectric anti-collision sensor 7 cannot receive the light reflected by the obstacle, causing the photoelectric anti-collision sensor 7 to be unable to sense that there is an obstacle at the front end of the fork leg 9. When the fork leg 9 moves forward again, the anti-collision plate 3 at the front end of the fixed frame 1 will hit the obstacle and compress the spring 6 until the anti-collision plate 3 enters the sensing range of the mechanical anti-collision sensor 4, and the mechanical anti-collision takes effect. Finally, when the anti-collision plate 3 leaves the obstacle, under the elastic action of the spring 6, the anti-collision plate 3 returns to its initial state to facilitate the next detection; similarly, when the obstacle is not reflective enough, the above-mentioned mechanical anti-collision protection is also used for protection.

[0036] During the implementation of the first embodiment, mechanical anti-collision is added on the basis of traditional photoelectric anti-collision, thereby avoiding the anti-collision failure of hollow mesh obstacles and improving the anti-collision stability of the vehicle fork as a whole.

[0037] Example 2

[0038] The second embodiment is a further improvement on the basis of the first embodiment.

[0039] In the process of transporting goods in the current embodiment 1, the goods need to be placed on the surface of the fork legs 9 for transport, and the anti-collision plate 3 on the top of the fork legs 9 cannot be extended indefinitely. As a result, when the side of the goods is located outside the anti-collision plate 3, the forklift moves and the anti-collision plate 3 cannot collide with the obstacle, causing the mechanical anti-collision of the anti-collision plate 3 to fail when transporting goods. In order to increase the perception of mechanical collision, refer to the attached Figure 4 and Figure 5 The fork legs 9 are movably mounted on the surface of the fork legs 9, and the surface of the fork legs 9 is movably mounted with a ball bearing under the pressure plate 10, which reduces the friction between the pressure plate 10 and the fork legs 9 by rolling, and the surface of the pressure plate 10 is fixedly mounted with a material stopper away from the side of the anti-collision plate 3, thereby ensuring that in actual use, since the number of fork legs 9 is at least two, that is, the number of pressure plates 10 is at least two, the goods will be placed on the two pressure plates 10. When the photoelectric anti-collision sensor 7 encounters a hollow mesh obstacle detection failure, the goods on the pressure plate 10 itself will hit the obstacle, forcing the pressure plate 10 to pull the anti-collision plate 3 to compress the spring 6, and the mechanical anti-collision sensor 4 detects the movement of the anti-collision plate 3 to achieve mechanical anti-collision. Since this method utilizes the shape of the goods itself for anti-collision detection, it protects the fork legs 9 while also protecting the goods themselves, greatly increasing the stability of freight handling.

[0040] When the cargo on the pressure plate 10 is heavy, in order to ensure the sensitivity of detection, the elastic force of the spring 6 cannot be set too large, which will result in the elastic force of the spring 6 being unable to restore the heavy cargo after the cargo hits, and ultimately the mechanical anti-collision sensor 4 can always detect the movement of the anti-collision plate 3, resulting in false detection. In order to reduce the occurrence of this phenomenon, refer to the attached Figure 6 The angle between the surface of the fork leg 9 and the surface of the anti-collision plate 3 is within five to fifteen degrees. In order for the guide column 2 to guide normally when the anti-collision plate 3 moves, the center line of the guide column 2 should be parallel to the surface of the fork leg 9. This ensures that the anti-collision plate 3 will not deviate when guided by the guide column 2 during movement. In addition, since the pressure plate 10 itself has a tendency to slide downward, when a heavy object is added to the pressure plate 10, the movement of the pressure plate 10 toward the anti-collision plate 3 will be intensified, slowing down the phenomenon that the heavy object cannot be returned to its position due to the small elastic force of the spring 6.

[0041] When a heavy object is placed on the pressure plate 10, during the process of starting and stopping the vehicle, especially when just starting and accelerating, the heavy object with a certain mass may cause the pressure plate 10 to pull the anti-collision plate 3 toward the direction of the mechanical anti-collision sensor 4 due to inertia, resulting in false detection. In order to reduce the occurrence of such problems, the Figure 6 、 Figure 7 and Figure 10The interior of the lubricating sleeve 8 and the end of the guide column 2 form a sealed buffer chamber. A ventilation pipe 14 for communicating the buffer chamber with the outside is fixedly installed on the side of the fixing frame 1. A mounting frame 13 is movably installed on the side of the fixing frame 1, and a pressure relief ring 11 is fixedly installed in the middle of the mounting frame 13. The center of the pressure relief ring 11 coincides with the rotation axis of the mounting frame 13. A pendulum ball 12 located below the pressure relief ring 11 is fixedly installed on the end of the mounting frame 13. The pendulum ball 12 is a solid metal iron ball. A C-shaped pressure relief groove 110 is provided on the surface of the pressure relief ring 11. When the fork leg 9 is stationary or in stable motion, the pendulum ball 12 is vertically downward under gravity. The pressure relief groove 110 is connected to the ventilation pipe 14 and connects the external airflow to the lubricating sleeve 8. When the fork leg 9 accelerates or starts, the cargo and the pendulum ball 12 are swung by inertia. Figure 6 When the pendulum ball 12 is deflected counterclockwise by inertia, the back of the pressure relief ring 11 will block the ventilation pipe 14, causing the buffer chamber in the lubricating sleeve 8 to be in a sealed state. The air flow in the lubricating sleeve 8 is compressed, slowing down the moving distance of the guide column 2, so that the anti-collision plate 3 cannot reach the detection range of the mechanical anti-collision sensor 4, and the mechanical anti-collision sensor 4 will not malfunction. When the fork leg 9 moves smoothly, the cargo and the pendulum ball 12 return to their original position due to their own gravity, and the pressure relief groove 110 and the ventilation pipe 14 separate the buffer chamber in the lubricating sleeve 8 from the outside. Similarly, the cargo is subjected to gravity to cause the anti-collision plate 3 to move away from the fixed frame 1; when the cargo hits the obstacle, the swing ball 12 will be in a vertical state under stable movement, causing the impacted object to quickly push the anti-collision plate 3 toward the mechanical anti-collision sensor 4, and the guide column 2 squeezes the air flow in the buffer cavity of the lubricating sleeve 8 to quickly discharge from the ventilation pipe 14 and the pressure relief groove 110. When the anti-collision plate 3 reaches the detection range of the mechanical anti-collision sensor 4, the mechanical anti-collision sensor 4 is triggered to start, realizing mechanical anti-collision.

[0042] It is common knowledge in this field that inertia is the property of an object to maintain uniform linear motion or stillness when no external force is acting on it, and it is related to the mass of the object. The greater the mass, the greater the inertia of the object. When the weight on the pressure plate 10 is less than the weight of the pendulum ball 12, the pendulum ball 12 is more affected by inertia during acceleration. After accelerating to a stable stage, the pendulum ball 12 will return to its position due to its own gravity and will lag behind the items on the pressure plate 10, thus ensuring stable operation of the device. However, after the weight on the pressure plate 10 is greater than the weight of the pendulum ball 12, the heavy objects on the pressure plate 10 will have greater inertia. After the fork leg 9 is accelerated to a stable state, the goods will still have a tendency to pull the anti-collision plate 3 closer to the mechanical anti-collision sensor 4, and the pendulum ball 12 will have a greater weight relative to the goods. When the fork leg 9 is accelerated and stabilized, the swing ball 12 will fall quickly, causing the pressure plate 10 to move due to inertia. The pressure relief groove 110 and the ventilation pipe 14 are connected, and the anti-collision plate 3 moves quickly to the detection range of the mechanical anti-collision sensor 4, causing false start-up, which is not conducive to the transportation of overweight items. At the same time, when the fork leg 9 is accelerating, if the goods collide with the obstacle, the device cannot perceive in real time whether the anti-collision plate 3 moves due to the collision of the goods or due to excessive inertia. In order to enhance the sensitivity of the mechanism during use, refer to the attached Figure 7-10 , a damping head 15 is movably installed inside the ventilation pipe 14, and a one-way air valve 151 is fixedly installed on the side wall of the damping head 15 for one-way flow of external air to the buffer chamber in the lubrication sleeve 8. A damping hole 150 is provided in the middle of the damping head 15, and the damping hole 150 is a small hole. The shape of the damping head 15 is a combination of a conical cone and a cylinder, and the cylinder is movably connected to the inner wall of the ventilation pipe 14. The conical cone on the damping head 15 is close to the pressure relief ring 11, and a ventilation groove 140 is provided on the inner side of the end of the ventilation pipe 14 on one side of the pressure relief ring 11. The cross-sectional shape of the ventilation groove 140 is semi-cylindrical, and the number of the ventilation grooves 140 is at least five, and the multiple ventilation grooves 140 are arranged in a circular shape with equal angles around the center line of the ventilation pipe 14, so that when the damping head 15 After the cylinder reaches the ventilation groove 140, the external air is communicated with the inner cavity of the ventilation pipe 14 through the ventilation groove 140. A detection part 111 is provided on the back of the pressure relief ring 11, and the two ends of the detection part 111 are respectively connected to the two ends of the pressure relief groove 110. The surface of the detection part 111 is an inclined surface. When the damping head 15 is pressed against the detection part 111, the vertical return speed of the pendulum ball 12 will be slowed down by the pushing of the damping head 15. When the airflow in the lubricating sleeve 8 gradually increases, the damping hole 150 will discharge a small amount of airflow. The reduced airflow in the lubricating sleeve 8 can avoid excessive compression of the airflow in the buffer cavity. That is, when an object hits an obstacle, if the airflow in the buffer cavity cannot be discharged, the guide column 2 at the compression limit loses its buffering effect, and the object will hit the obstacle hard, causing damage.

[0043] When using:

[0044] In a stationary state or when the fork leg 9 moves smoothly: the cargo on the pressure plate 10 and the pendulum ball 12 will not swing due to inertia. At this time, the pendulum ball 12 is in a vertically downward state, the pressure relief groove 110 and the inner cavity of the ventilation pipe 14 are connected, and the heavy object on the pressure plate 10 will force the anti-collision plate 3 to stay away from the mechanical anti-collision sensor 4.

[0045] When a collision occurs during stable movement: since there is no swinging force of the pendulum ball 12 during stable movement, the pendulum ball 12 will not swing at this time, causing the cargo to pull the anti-collision plate 3 close to the mechanical anti-collision sensor 4 through the pressure plate 10. At this time, the anti-collision plate 3 has not yet entered the detection range of the mechanical anti-collision sensor 4, and the anti-collision plate 3 compresses the spring 6 and pushes the guide column 2 to squeeze into the buffer cavity in the lubricating sleeve 8. The pressure in the buffer cavity in the lubricating sleeve 8 increases, and the airflow pushes the damping head 15 to move toward the pressure relief ring 11. Since the end of the ventilation pipe 14 is connected to the pressure relief groove 110 at this time, the conical cone of the damping head 15 will quickly pass through the pressure relief groove 110, causing the cylinder of the damping head 15 to reach the ventilation groove 140, so that the air flow in the buffer cavity in the lubricating sleeve 8 quickly leaks outward through the ventilation pipe 14 and the ventilation groove 140, and the anti-collision plate 3 accelerates to the detection range of the mechanical anti-collision sensor 4. The mechanical anti-collision sensor 4 receives the movement signal of the anti-collision plate 3 and performs mechanical anti-collision protection.

[0046] When the weight of the cargo on the pressure plate 10 is greater than the swing ball 12, the fork leg 9 accelerates: the swing ball 12 and the cargo are moved away from the anti-collision plate 3 due to inertia, and the deflection of the swing ball 12 will cause the detection part 111 to be placed at the end of the ventilation pipe 14. When the pressure in the buffer chamber in the lubricating sleeve 8 increases, the damping head 15 pushes onto the detection part 111, and a small part of the air flow in the buffer chamber is slowly discharged from the damping hole 150. When the vehicle is in a stable motion, the swing ball 12 will be reset first, but the damping head 15 presses on the detection part 111, forcing the swing ball 12 to have a deflection trend away from the anti-collision plate 3. However, at this time, the swing ball 12 has a tendency to deflect in the vertical direction due to its own gravity, so that when the swing ball 12 goes down, the length from the swing ball 12 to the rotation point of the mounting frame 13 is greater than the length from the detection part 111 to the rotation point of the mounting frame 13. The swing ball 12 constitutes a labor-saving lever, and the damping head 15 pushes the detection part 111 to form a labor-consuming lever. 2 itself has a certain weight, which makes the damping head 15 work hard to push the detection part 111 to overcome the vertical movement of the swing ball 12, that is, the swing ball 12 will not be reset first and at the same time prevent the damping head 15 from being quickly pushed out, so as to prevent the damping head 15 from causing the ventilation groove 140 and the ventilation pipe 14 to be connected due to the inertia of the cargo, forcing the air flow in the buffer chamber of the lubricating sleeve 8 to be quickly lost, causing the anti-collision plate 3 to quickly move into the detection area of ​​the mechanical anti-collision sensor 4, resulting in the mechanical anti-collision sensor 4 misdetecting. Finally, when the fork leg 9 moves smoothly, the cargo is pulled out of the guide post 2 from the lubricating sleeve 8 due to its own gravity and the elastic force of the spring 6. The pressure in the buffer chamber of the lubricating sleeve 8 is reduced, and air is sucked in through the ventilation pipe 14. Combined with the vertical rotation of the swing ball 12, the damping head 15 is retreated into the ventilation pipe 14. When the damping head 15 moves to one end of the inner side of the ventilation pipe 14, the one-way air valve 151 opens, accelerating the external air flow to flow into the buffer chamber of the lubricating sleeve 8.

[0047] When the fork leg 9 accelerates and the object contacts the obstacle: as mentioned above, the damping head 15 will press against the detection part 111. Since the object is blocked by the obstacle at this time, it will continue to exert pressure on the anti-collision plate 3, causing the guide column 2 to be continuously pushed into the lubricating sleeve 8. The damping head 15 continuously pushes the detection part 111 to force the swing ball 12 to deflect away from the anti-collision plate 3. As the swing ball 12 deflects upward, it is continuously lifted upward, and the potential energy cannot be increased. The more effort is required, the collision with the obstacle will provide continuous thrust to the guide column 2, so that when the damping head 15 reaches the lowest position of the detection part 111, it will be directly inserted into the pressure relief groove 11. 0, so that the airflow in the ventilation groove 140 is quickly connected to the ventilation pipe 14, so that when a collision occurs during the acceleration of the goods, on the one hand, the airflow in the buffer chamber in the lubricating sleeve 8 is continuously discharged through the damping hole 150 to avoid excessive compression of the airflow in the buffer chamber and loss of the air buffering effect. On the other hand, when the damping head 15 passes the detection part 111 and is inserted into the pressure relief groove 110 again, it means that the item is blocked by an obstacle, so that it can react quickly and connect the ventilation groove 140 and the ventilation pipe 14, forcing the buffer chamber in the lubricating sleeve 8 to quickly release pressure, and the anti-collision plate 3 quickly moves to the detection range of the mechanical anti-collision sensor 4 to achieve mechanical anti-collision protection.

[0048] The movement time of the damping head 15 on the detection part 111 is preferably limited to 4-6 seconds. Since the speed of the electric forklift is generally around 5 kilometers per hour, and it takes about 3 seconds to accelerate from a standstill to this speed, when the goods are subjected to inertia, the retention time of the damping head 15 on the detection part 111 should be greater than the time the goods are subjected to inertial movement during acceleration. Combined with the design of the damping hole 150, it is ensured that the buffer cavity in the lubricating sleeve 8 will not experience the phenomenon of airflow being compressed to the limit. Even if the goods collide with an obstacle, elastic force and airflow buffering can always be performed to avoid damage to the goods due to impact.

[0049] In order to prevent the damping head 15 from extending first when the pendulum ball 12 and the heavy object are subjected to inertial motion at the same time, causing the damping head 15 to affect the motion intensity of the pendulum ball 12, at the same time, the damping head 15 may directly pass through the pressure relief groove 110, causing the ventilation groove 140 to connect the inner cavity of the ventilation pipe 14 with the external air in advance, that is, the air flow in the buffer cavity of the lubricating sleeve 8 will be quickly leaked, causing the mechanical anti-collision sensor 4 to be mistakenly started under the action of inertia. Therefore, this method avoids the above problems in two ways, both of which can be used alone or in combination. One way is to set the length of the ventilation pipe 14 to 1.5 to 2.5 times the length of the damping head 15, so that when the buffer cavity in the lubricating sleeve 8 In the process of the air flow in the punching cavity pushing the damping head 15 to move toward the pressure relief ring 11, the damping head 15 needs to move a certain stroke so that the pendulum ball 12 has enough time to swing. When the pressure in the buffer cavity inside the lubricating sleeve 8 decreases, the external air flow pushes the damping head 15 to move away from the pressure relief ring 11. After the damping head 15 moves to one end of the ventilation pipe 14, the pressure in the lubricating sleeve 8 will force the one-way air valve 151 to open, further replenishing the airflow. The one-way air valve 151 is composed of a top spring and a top ball. When the pressure of the top spring is less than the pressure in the buffer cavity inside the lubricating sleeve 8, it will force the one-way air valve 151 to open for rapid airflow replenishment.

[0050] Another method is to use a tension spring 16 fixedly installed at the end of the damping head 15 and the inside of the ventilation pipe 14. The tension spring 16 is close to the buffer cavity of the lubricating sleeve 8, so that when the damping head 15 is extended, it is pulled back by the elastic force of the tension spring 16, which enables the damping head 15 to quickly retract. However, the elastic tension of the tension spring 16 can only pull the damping head 15 back to its original position, avoiding the phenomenon that the resistance to the movement of the damping head 15 increases due to excessive elastic tension of the tension spring 16.

Claims

1. A double protection mechanism for the fork tip, characterized in that: include: A fork leg (9), wherein a fixing frame (1) is fixedly mounted on the inner side of the top of the fork leg (9), a mechanical anti-collision sensor (4) is fixedly mounted on the middle part of the surface of the fixing frame (1), a photoelectric anti-collision sensor (7) is fixedly mounted on the middle part of the mechanical anti-collision sensor (4), a lubricating sleeve (8) is fixedly mounted on the inner bottom of the fixing frame (1), and a guide column (2) is movably sleeved inside the lubricating sleeve (8), an anti-collision plate (3) located in front of the photoelectric anti-collision sensor (7) is fixedly mounted on the end of the guide column (2), a spring (6) located between the anti-collision plate (3) and the fixing frame (1) is provided on the outer side of the guide column (2), a notch is opened in the middle part of the anti-collision plate (3), and a rear baffle (5) located on one side of the fixing frame (1) is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the fork leg (9); The light emitted by the photoelectric anti-collision sensor (7) is irradiated onto the obstacle through the notch of the anti-collision plate (3), and the photoelectric anti-collision is achieved after receiving the reflected light from the obstacle; After the photoelectric anti-collision sensor (7) fails, the anti-collision plate (3) at the front end of the fixed frame (1) will hit an obstacle, and the anti-collision plate (3) will enter the sensing range of the mechanical anti-collision sensor (4), thereby achieving mechanical anti-collision; A pressure plate (10) located above the fork leg (9) is fixedly mounted on the inner side of the anti-collision plate (3); the pressure plate (10) is movably mounted on the surface of the fork leg (9); a ball bearing located below the pressure plate (10) is movably mounted on the surface of the fork leg (9); and a material blocking plate is fixedly mounted on the surface of the pressure plate (10); The interior of the lubricating sleeve (8) and the end of the guide column (2) form a sealed buffer chamber, a ventilation pipe (14) for communicating the buffer chamber with the outside is fixedly installed on the side of the fixing frame (1), a mounting frame (13) is movably installed on the side of the fixing frame (1), and a pressure relief ring (11) is fixedly installed in the middle of the mounting frame (13), and a swing ball (12) located below the pressure relief ring (11) is fixedly installed on the end of the mounting frame (13), and a pressure relief groove (110) is opened on the surface of the pressure relief ring (11). When in stable motion, the swing ball (12) is vertically downward due to gravity, and the pressure relief groove (110) and the ventilation pipe (14) are connected, and the external airflow is communicated with the buffer chamber in the lubricating sleeve (8).

2. The fork tip double protection mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The angle between the surface of the fork leg (9) and the surface of the anti-collision plate (3) is within a range of five to fifteen degrees.

3. The fork tip double protection mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pendulum ball (12) is a solid iron ball.

4. The fork tip double protection mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure relief groove (110) is C-shaped.

5. The fork tip double protection mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: A damping head (15) is movably installed inside the ventilation pipe (14), and a one-way air valve (151) is fixedly installed on the side wall of the damping head (15) for one-way flow of external air to the buffer chamber in the lubrication sleeve (8). A damping hole (150) is provided in the middle of the damping head (15), and a ventilation groove (140) located on one side of the pressure relief ring (11) is provided on the inner side of the end of the ventilation pipe (14). A detection part (111) is provided on the back of the pressure relief ring (11), and the two ends of the detection part (111) are respectively connected to the two ends of the pressure relief groove (110), and the surface of the detection part (111) is an inclined surface.

6. The fork tip double protection mechanism according to claim 5, characterized in that: The damping head (15) is shaped like a combination of a conical cone and a cylinder, the cylinder is movably connected to the inner wall of the ventilation pipe (14), and the conical cone on the damping head (15) is close to the pressure relief ring (11).

7. The fork tip double protection mechanism according to claim 5, characterized in that: The length of the ventilation pipe (14) is set to be 1.5 to 2.5 times the length of the damping head (15).

8. The fork tip double protection mechanism according to claim 5 or 7, characterized in that: A tension spring (16) is fixedly installed at the end of the damping head (15) and inside the ventilation pipe (14).

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