Circuit and Method for Identifying Electronic Control Systems Based on Serial Communication Interface

Abstract

This invention relates to a multi-encoder recognition electronic control system circuit and method based on a serial communication interface. The circuit includes a spike pulse discharge circuit, an isolation protection power supply, an integrated level conversion circuit, electronic switch group I, electronic switch group II, a serial communication interface, a serial drive interface, an encoder interface, and a core processor. The circuit uses an MCU or FPGA as the main controller to control the communication and power supply of the encoder and drive interface circuits. It possesses multiple functions such as power isolation, multi-encoder recognition, communication recognition, and interference energy discharge. From a system-wide perspective, this circuit reduces the complexity of building and using the electronic control system, improves the overall stability and reliability of the system in complex operating environments, and features a simple and easy-to-maintain circuit structure. It can be widely applied to various electronic control systems requiring interface circuits, such as robot control systems, home appliance control systems, and industrial automation control systems.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of drive electronic control systems, and more particularly to a circuit and method for identifying electronic control systems based on a serial communication interface with multiple encoders. Background Technology

[0002] The drivers used for motors are generally independent control integrated circuits. There are a few drivers on the market that are integrated into the motor and have limited encoder models. In general applications or testing, product construction must consider the connection relationship and protection measures between the driver, motor and encoder, as well as the communication and decision-making methods with the top level. This makes the design process difficult, the platform construction process slow, and the circuit protection is not effective. After the product design platform is built, complex and easily damaged problems will also appear.

[0003] The most common type of drive electronic control system is the split drive electronic control system (see reference). Figure 1 The first type of system, the encoder, will not damage the driver when the driven device fails, reducing system risk and optimizing the driver environment, such as heat dissipation and interference. This type of system uses a small driver installed around the driven device, connected to the device via communication and power lines, and also connected to external systems via communication and power lines. The protection measures rely on the driver's own protection circuitry. However, since the encoder uses power from the driver, it is more susceptible to interference, has redundant and complex wiring, and is limited in the types of communication available. It is generally used as a general-purpose solution. The second type is an integrated electronic control system, which integrates the encoder, driver, and controlled device into a single unit. However, this type of system is more specialized and often appears as a customized product with a narrower application scope, typically used as a professional solution.

[0004] To address the shortcomings of discrete drive control systems and enable them to approach the advantages of integrated control systems in general or testing environments, various fields have begun to research measures such as universal absolute encoder interfaces and isolated safety protection circuits to meet different needs and enhance the applicability of discrete control systems. However, many problems still exist, such as limited application scenarios or low scalability. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To overcome the above problems, the present invention provides a circuit and method for identifying an electronic control system based on a serial communication interface.

[0006] The technical solution adopted in this invention is: a multi-encoder identification electronic control system circuit based on a serial communication interface, including a spike pulse bleeder circuit, an isolation protection power supply, an integrated level conversion circuit, electronic switch group I, electronic switch group II, a serial peripheral interface, a serial drive interface, an encoder interface, and a core processor;

[0007] The first terminal of the spike pulse bleeder circuit is connected to the first terminal of the switching power supply, and the second terminal of the spike pulse bleeder circuit is connected to the first terminal of the isolation protection power supply; the second terminal of the isolation protection power supply is connected to the first terminal of electronic switch group I, and the second terminal of electronic switch group I is connected to the first terminal of the integrated level conversion circuit; the second terminal of the integrated level conversion circuit is connected to the first terminal of electronic switch group II, and the second terminal of electronic switch group II is connected to the encoder interface, which is connected to the encoder; the third terminal of the integrated level conversion circuit is connected to the first terminal of the core processor; the second terminal of the core processor is connected to the first terminal of the serial drive interface, and the second terminal of the serial drive interface is connected to the first terminal of the serial peripheral interface, which is connected to the main controller; the third terminal of the serial drive interface is connected to the first terminal of the driver, and the second terminal of the driver is connected to the second terminal of the switching power supply, which is connected to the driven device;

[0008] The isolation protection power supply provides standard voltage through an isolation switching power supply cascaded with an LDO to power all active devices in the interface circuit of the electronic control system;

[0009] The spike pulse discharge circuit includes a TVS diode and an LC circuit, which is connected to the back end of the switching power supply for protection.

[0010] The integrated level conversion circuit connects the electronic switch and the core controller to transmit encoder signals;

[0011] The electronic switch group I and electronic switch group II switch between different voltages and interface signal line types, which are controlled by the core processor.

[0012] The encoder interface connects to the encoder and identifies the encoder type based on the data status. After the signal passes through the integrated level conversion circuit controlled by electronic switch group I and electronic switch group II, the core processor processes the data. After processing, the data is transmitted to the driven device through the serial drive interface.

[0013] Furthermore, the serial peripheral interface adopts a metal interface, and all protocol harnesses are arranged in the same way and connected to the serial driver interface.

[0014] Furthermore, the encoder interface adopts a metal interface, and the wiring harnesses of all types of encoders are arranged in the same way and connected to the core processor electronic switch group II.

[0015] Furthermore, the core processor uses an STM32 processor or a Xilinx series FPGA for logic processing.

[0016] Furthermore, the isolation protection power supply adopts an isolation transformer, DC-DC converter, LDO, voltage divider sampling and monitoring circuit and protection circuit; the voltage divider sampling and monitoring adopts high-precision resistors for branch voltage divider sampling, and the core processor performs voltage acquisition and identification.

[0017] Furthermore, the isolated protection power supply uses a DC-DC circuit with a transformer for isolated output, and an LDO is used at the back end to further regulate the voltage to the required voltages of 5V and 3.3V.

[0018] Furthermore, the electronic switch group connects to the level converter interface and the interface communication line terminal, switching between 3.3V and 5V levels and the communication line protocol to adapt to different interface circuits.

[0019] Furthermore, the integrated level conversion circuit adopts a connection method of one group per interface. The power supply of the interface end of the integrated level conversion circuit is connected to electronic switch group I and electronic switch group II, and the processor end of the integrated level conversion circuit is powered by 3.3V. The integrated level conversion circuit converts the logic level of the encoder signal line, and at the same time, electronic switch group II is connected to the encoder signal line to adjust the switching between different incompatible protocols.

[0020] Furthermore, the core processor identifies the encoder type by analyzing the encoder's I / O information, converts the driver's commands and sends them to the encoder, reads the information returned by the encoder, and converts it into data to be transmitted to the main controller.

[0021] A second aspect of the present invention provides a method for operating an interface circuit of a multi-encoder identification electronic control system based on a serial communication interface, comprising the following steps:

[0022] Step 1: After the system is powered on, each power module outputs voltage, the electronic switch is pulled low to the default position, the core processor is initialized, the voltage value at the power input terminal is collected, and if the voltage meets the requirements, the next step is executed; otherwise, the alarm light IO is set high.

[0023] Step 2: After power-on, the encoder feeds back data, reads the signals of each data line using the multiplexed pins, analyzes the encoder protocol type, confirms the type, and then reads the high impedance of the multiplexed pins. The unused pins are set to output, and the electronic switch switches to the signal line and voltage of the corresponding protocol. The corresponding protocol pins then begin to communicate with the encoder.

[0024] Step 3: Connect the driver, transmit the encoder data to the driver and read the data fed back from the encoder by the driver, and read the communication status;

[0025] Step 4: If there is no response in step 3, repeat 3 times. If there is still no response, set the alarm light IO high. If the status is normal, start mutual communication and set the status light IO high.

[0026] The beneficial effects of this invention are: the circuit proposed in this invention takes into account the serial communication interface, automatic identification of multiple encoders, power supply and protection, and automatic signal identification as a whole, which reduces the complexity of building and using the electronic control system and improves the overall stability of the system. That is, when this circuit is used in an electronic control system, it improves the practicality of the electronic control system and increases the system reliability. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a common split-drive electronic control system;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a common integrated drive and electronic control system;

[0029] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the interface circuit of the multi-encoder identification electronic control system based on the serial communication interface proposed in this invention;

[0030] Figure 4 This is a block diagram illustrating the specific implementation and protection of the power supply section of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The technical solution of this invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this invention, not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0032] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," indicating orientation or positional relationships, are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description. They do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0033] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0034] Example 1

[0035] Reference Figure 3 The interface circuit for a multi-encoder recognition electronic control system based on a serial communication interface includes a spike pulse bleeder circuit, an isolation protection power supply, an integrated level conversion circuit, electronic switch group I, electronic switch group II, a serial communication interface, a serial drive interface, an encoder interface, and a core processor.

[0036] The first terminal of the spike pulse bleeder circuit is connected to the first terminal of the switching power supply, and the second terminal of the spike pulse bleeder circuit is connected to the first terminal of the isolation protection power supply; the second terminal of the isolation protection power supply is connected to the first terminal of electronic switch group I, and the second terminal of electronic switch group I is connected to the first terminal of the integrated level conversion circuit; the second terminal of the integrated level conversion circuit is connected to the first terminal of electronic switch group II, and the second terminal of electronic switch group II is connected to the encoder interface, which is connected to the encoder; the third terminal of the integrated level conversion circuit is connected to the first terminal of the core processor; the second terminal of the core processor is connected to the first terminal of the serial drive interface, and the second terminal of the serial drive interface is connected to the first terminal of the serial peripheral interface, which is connected to the main controller; the third terminal of the serial drive interface is connected to the first terminal of the driver, and the second terminal of the driver is connected to the second terminal of the switching power supply, which is connected to the driven device;

[0037] The isolation protection power supply provides standard voltage through a cascaded LDO switching power supply, and includes an isolation transformer, voltage feedback monitoring circuit, and protection circuit to supply power to all active devices in the electrical control system.

[0038] The spike pulse discharge circuit includes protection devices and circuits such as TVS transistors and LC circuits, and is connected to the front end of the switching power supply for protection.

[0039] The reference level interface of the integrated level conversion circuit is connected to the electronic switch control circuit and accessed through a serial communication interface.

[0040] The electronic switch control circuit is used to switch between different voltages and encoder communication protocols, and is controlled by the core processor;

[0041] The serial communication interface uses a special metal interface, and all protocol wire harnesses are arranged in the same way and connected to the serial drive interface.

[0042] The encoder interface uses a special metal interface, and the wiring harnesses of all types of encoders are arranged in the same way and connected to the core processor.

[0043] The core processor uses an STM32 processor or a Xilinx series FPGA for logic control.

[0044] The isolation protection power supply adopts an isolation transformer, DC-DC converter, LDO, voltage divider sampling and monitoring circuit, and protection circuit.

[0045] The voltage divider sampling and monitoring uses high-precision resistors for branch voltage divider sampling, and the core processor performs voltage acquisition and identification.

[0046] The spike pulse discharge circuit uses protection devices and circuits such as TVS diodes and LC circuits.

[0047] The integrated level conversion circuit uses a level shifter in conjunction with peripheral circuitry to complete the conversion function.

[0048] The electronic switch control circuit uses a multi-channel power electronic switch.

[0049] The serial communication interface uses a metal-matched impedance connector, and the wiring sequence is consistent for multiple protocols. It is identified by the program and corresponds to the host computer and the driver, respectively.

[0050] The serial driver interface uses a low-impedance differential line adapter for driver information transmission.

[0051] The encoder interface uses a metal-matched impedance connector, and the wiring sequence of various encoders is consistent and can be identified by the program.

[0052] The core processor uses an STM32 or Xilinx series FPGA for logic control and interface identification.

[0053] Example 2

[0054] The interface circuit of the multi-encoder recognition electronic control system based on the serial communication interface is as follows: Figure 4As shown, the interface circuit of the multi-encoder recognition electronic control system based on the serial communication interface specifically includes: a spike pulse discharge circuit, an isolation protection power supply, an electronic switch group, an integrated level converter, a core processor, and three sets of external interfaces. The spike pulse bleeder circuit uses a combination of TVS, LC buffer, and various protection devices to suppress and bleed transients and surges at the front end, while the back end uses a Zener diode for bidirectional clamping. The isolation protection power supply uses a DC-DC circuit with a transformer for isolated output, and the back end uses an LDO to further regulate the voltage to the required 5V and 3.3V. The electronic switch group connects the level converter and the interface communication line to switch between 3.3V and 5V levels and communication protocols to adapt to different interface circuits. The integrated level converter uses a one-to-one connection method for each interface. The power supply at the interface end is connected to the electronic switch group, and the processor end is powered by 3.3V. It converts the logic level of the encoder signal line, and the electronic switch is connected to the encoder signal line to adjust the switching between different protocols. The core processor identifies the encoder type through the encoder's I / O information, converts the driver's commands and sends them to the encoder, and reads the information returned by the encoder, converts it into data, and sends it to the main controller. The three sets of external interfaces are connected to the main controller, encoder, and driver, respectively, with the main controller interface connected to the driver interface.

[0055] Example 3

[0056] The multi-encoder identification electronic control system interface circuit based on a serial communication interface proposed in this invention has the following operating flow:

[0057] Step 1: After the system is powered on, each power module outputs voltage, the electronic switch is pulled low to the default position, the core processor is initialized, the voltage value at the power input terminal is collected, and if the voltage meets the requirements, the next step is executed; otherwise, the alarm light IO is set high.

[0058] Step 2: After power-on, the encoder feeds back data, reads the signals of each data line using the multiplexed pins, analyzes the encoder protocol type, confirms the type, and then reads the high impedance of the multiplexed pins. The unused pins are set to output, and the electronic switch switches to the signal line and voltage of the corresponding protocol. The corresponding protocol pins then begin to communicate with the encoder.

[0059] Step 3: Connect the driver, transmit the encoder data to the driver and read the data fed back from the encoder by the driver, and read the communication status;

[0060] Step 4: If there is no response in step 3, repeat 3 times. If there is still no response, set the alarm light IO high. If the status is normal, start mutual communication and set the status light IO high.

[0061] This example uses a 48V power supply and has a 4-group driver identification interface circuit. If you need to increase the number of driven devices, you need to cascade this circuit for communication.

[0062] The embodiments described in this specification are merely examples of implementations of the inventive concept. The scope of protection of this invention should not be considered as limited to the specific forms stated in the embodiments. The scope of protection of this invention also extends to equivalent technical means that can be conceived by those skilled in the art based on the inventive concept.

Claims

1. A multi-encoder identification electronic control system interface circuit based on a serial communication interface, characterized in that: It includes a spike pulse bleeder circuit, an isolation protection power supply, an integrated level conversion circuit, electronic switch group I, electronic switch group II, a serial peripheral interface, a serial drive interface, an encoder interface, and a core processor; The first terminal of the spike pulse bleeder circuit is connected to the first terminal of the switching power supply, and the second terminal of the spike pulse bleeder circuit is connected to the first terminal of the isolation protection power supply; the second terminal of the isolation protection power supply is connected to the first terminal of electronic switch group I, and the second terminal of electronic switch group I is connected to the first terminal of the integrated level conversion circuit; the second terminal of the integrated level conversion circuit is connected to the first terminal of electronic switch group II, and the second terminal of electronic switch group II is connected to the encoder interface, which is connected to the encoder; the third terminal of the integrated level conversion circuit is connected to the first terminal of the core processor; the second terminal of the core processor is connected to the first terminal of the serial drive interface, and the second terminal of the serial drive interface is connected to the first terminal of the serial peripheral interface, which is connected to the main controller; The third terminal of the serial drive interface is connected to the first terminal of the driver, the second terminal of the driver is connected to the second terminal of the switching power supply, and the third terminal of the driver is connected to the driven device. The isolation protection power supply provides standard voltage through an isolation switching power supply cascaded with an LDO to power all active devices in the interface circuit of the electronic control system; The spike pulse discharge circuit includes a TVS diode and an LC circuit, which is connected to the back end of the switching power supply for protection. The integrated level conversion circuit connects the electronic switch and the core controller to transmit encoder signals; The electronic switch group I and electronic switch group II switch between different voltages and interface signal line types, which are controlled by the core processor. The encoder interface connects to the encoder and identifies the encoder type based on the data status. After the signal passes through the integrated level conversion circuit controlled by electronic switch group I and electronic switch group II, the core processor processes the data. After processing, the data is transmitted to the driven device through the serial drive interface.

2. The multi-encoder identification electronic control system interface circuit based on a serial communication interface as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The serial peripheral interface uses a metal interface, and all protocol harnesses are arranged identically and connected to the serial driver interface.

3. The multi-encoder identification electronic control system interface circuit based on a serial communication interface as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The encoder interface uses a metal interface, and the wiring harnesses of all types of encoders are arranged in the same way and connected to electronic switch group II.

4. The multi-encoder identification electronic control system interface circuit based on a serial communication interface as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The core processor uses an STM32 processor or a Xilinx series FPGA for logic processing.

5. The multi-encoder identification electronic control system interface circuit based on a serial communication interface as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The isolation protection power supply adopts an isolation transformer, DC-DC converter, LDO, voltage divider sampling and monitoring circuit and protection circuit; the voltage divider sampling and monitoring adopts high-precision resistors for branch voltage divider sampling, and the core processor performs voltage acquisition and identification.

6. The multi-encoder identification electronic control system interface circuit based on a serial communication interface as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The isolated protection power supply uses a DC-DC circuit with a transformer for isolated output, and an LDO is used at the back end to further regulate the voltage to the required voltages of 5V and 3.3V.

7. The multi-encoder identification electronic control system interface circuit based on a serial communication interface as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The electronic switch group connects to the level converter interface and the interface communication line, switching between 3.3V and 5V levels and the communication line protocol to adapt to different interface circuits.

8. The multi-encoder identification electronic control system interface circuit based on a serial communication interface as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The integrated level conversion circuit adopts a connection method of one group per interface. The power supply of the interface end of the integrated level conversion circuit is connected to electronic switch group I and electronic switch group II. The processor end of the integrated level conversion circuit is powered by 3.3V. The integrated level conversion circuit converts the logic level of the encoder signal line. At the same time, electronic switch group II is connected to the encoder signal line to adjust the switching between different incompatible protocols.

9. The multi-encoder identification electronic control system interface circuit based on a serial communication interface as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The core processor identifies the encoder type by analyzing the encoder's I / O information, converts the driver's commands and sends them to the encoder, reads the information returned by the encoder, converts it into data, and sends it to the main controller.

10. A method for operating the interface circuit of a multi-encoder identification electronic control system based on a serial communication interface as described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: After the system is powered on, each power module outputs voltage, the electronic switch is pulled low to the default position, the core processor is initialized, the voltage value at the power input terminal is collected, and if the voltage meets the requirements, the next step is executed; otherwise, the alarm light IO is set high. Step 2: After power-on, the encoder feeds back data, reads the signals of each data line using the multiplexed pins, analyzes the encoder protocol type, confirms the type, and then reads the high impedance of the multiplexed pins. The unused pins are set to output, and the electronic switch switches to the signal line and voltage of the corresponding protocol. The corresponding protocol pins then begin to communicate with the encoder. Step 3: Connect the driver, transmit the encoder data to the driver and read the data fed back from the encoder by the driver, and read the communication status; Step 4: If there is no response in step 3, repeat 3 times. If there is still no response, set the alarm light IO high. If the status is normal, start mutual communication and set the status light IO high.

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