A tar residue pre-separation device capable of self-cleaning

Abstract

This invention relates to a self-cleaning tar residue pre-separation device. The separation device includes a separator shell, a material inlet, a material outlet, a discharge port, a screen plate inlet, a screen plate guide rail, a return port, a return pipe, a tar residue pump, a pre-separator support, and a screen plate. The material inlet is welded and fixed to the upper cylinder of the separator shell, and the material outlet is welded and fixed to the upper cylinder of the separator shell. The material inlet and material outlet are located on two opposite sides of the upper cylinder of the separator shell. The discharge port is fixed to the bottom of the separator shell; the return port is welded and fixed to the top of the separator shell; the return pipe is connected to the return discharge port, the tar residue pump, and the return port via flanges. This technical solution can effectively separate large tar residue particles in condensate and solve problems such as screen plate mesh blockage, scraper gear wear, guide rod deformation, and chain detachment that occur during the scraping process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a separation device, specifically a tar residue pre-separation device capable of self-cleaning, belonging to the field of control technology for coking equipment. Background Technology

[0002] Raw coal gas from the coke oven undergoes separation of its gas phase (coal gas) from its liquid phase (ammonia, tar, and tar residue) via the main gas intake pipe. The coal gas then enters a parallel-operated horizontal tube primary cooler. The upper, middle, and lower sections of the primary cooler are cooled by desulfurization liquid, circulating water, and low-temperature water, respectively. The cooled coal gas then enters a parallel-operated electrostatic precipitator to remove entrained tar before being sent to the naphthalene washing unit by a blower. The condensate discharged from the primary cooler flows into a condensate tank via a water seal tank and is pumped to the coal gas intake pipe, ultimately returning to the tar-ammonia separation tank. The tar and ammonia from the coal gas intake pipe first enter the tar residue pre-separation device, where they are separated from the tar residue. A sieve plate is installed at the outlet of the tar residue pre-separation device to retain large solid particles within the pre-separator, where they settle to the conical bottom and are extracted by a tar pressing pump. In the tar pressing pump, the solid material is crushed and sent back to the upper part of the tar residue pre-separation device.

[0003] The function of the tar residue pre-separation unit is to separate and process large tar residue particles in the condensate. Large tar residue particles intercepted by the sieve plate fall to the bottom of the pre-separator and then enter the tar pressing pump. There, they are crushed into smaller particles and then sent back to the tar residue pre-separation unit along with the condensate. The large tar residue particles are then screened out again by the sieve plate until all the large tar residue particles are crushed into small particles that can pass through the sieve plate.

[0004] The core components of the tar residue pre-separation unit are the screen plate and scraping system. Large tar residue particles cannot pass through the mesh of the screen plate and are therefore removed. The screen plate is equipped with a corresponding scraping system, whose function is to scrape off the large tar residue particles remaining on the screen plate, allowing them to fall into the tar pressing pump at the bottom of the pre-separator. The scraping system mainly includes a motor, reducer, chain, gears, positioning guide rods, and scrapers. Powered by the motor, the scrapers are driven to move up and down repeatedly through the reducer, chain, and gear transmission devices. The scrapers are in direct contact with the screen plate, and the up-and-down movement of the scrapers causes friction against the screen plate, thus scraping away the remaining large tar residue particles.

[0005] However, the scraping system of the tar residue pre-separation device has the following problems during use: First, large tar residue particles are lumps of varying sizes formed by coal powder, semi-coke, etc., mixed in with coal tar. These are viscous waste residues, mainly composed of coal dust, coke powder, and asphalt powder. These large tar residue particles easily stick to the mesh of the screen plate in the tar residue pre-separation device. Repeated scraping by the scraper will crush these large tar residue particles into flat, viscous lumps, making them even more prone to clogging the screen mesh. Second, the scraper plate has a large self-weight, and the uneven force during the chain-driven up-and-down movement of the scraper plate results in a large radial force on the gears, leading to gear shaft bending and deformation, gear misalignment, and a tendency for the chain to fall off. Similarly, during transmission, the gears, chain, and guide rod are always under significant stress, causing severe wear on the gears and chain, and deformation of the guide rod. Therefore, a new solution is urgently needed to address these technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This invention addresses the problems existing in the prior art by providing a self-cleaning tar residue pre-separation device. This technical solution can effectively separate large tar residue particles in condensate and remove large tar residue particles from the screen plate without the need for a scraping system. It can also solve problems such as screen plate mesh blockage, scraper gear wear, guide rod deformation, and chain detachment that occur during the scraping process.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: a self-cleaning tar residue pre-separation device, characterized in that the separation device includes a separator shell, a material inlet, a material outlet, a discharge port, a screen plate inlet, a screen plate guide rail, a return port, a return pipe, a tar residue pump, a pre-separator support, and a screen plate; the separator shell includes a cylindrical barrel-shaped upper part and a conical lower part, the upper and lower parts being welded together to form an integral separator shell; the material inlet is fixed to the upper cylinder of the separator shell by welding. Material enters the tar residue pre-separation device through the material inlet; the material outlet is welded to the upper cylinder of the separator shell, and the material exits the tar residue pre-separation device from the material outlet; the material inlet and material outlet are located on two opposite sides of the upper cylinder of the separator shell; the discharge port is welded to the bottom of the separator shell; the return port is welded to the top of the separator shell; the return pipe is connected to the return discharge port, the tar residue pump, and the return port via flanges, and the function of the return pipe is to provide a channel for the circulation and conveying of material. Large particles of tar residue in the material cannot pass through the screen and will flow out from the discharge port into the tar residue pump. After being crushed by the tar residue pump, the large particles of tar residue will flow along the return pipe into the return port and return to the tar residue pre-separation device. The pre-separator support is welded to the bottom of the separator shell, and the support serves to support the separator shell; the screen plate inlet is welded to the top of the separator shell.

[0008] As an improvement of the present invention, the screen plate inlet is rectangular and is connected to the upper cylinder of the outer shell by welding. A screen plate guide rail is provided inside the outer shell. The screen plate guide rail is made of stainless steel channel steel. One end of the bottom of the channel steel is closed, which serves to limit the screen plate. The top of the guide rail is welded to the inside of the cover plate of the outer shell. The screen plate enters the tar residue pre-separation device from the screen plate inlet, and enters the interior along the top of the screen plate guide rail. After reaching the bottom of the guide rail, it is fixed.

[0009] As an improvement of the present invention, the sieve plate is composed of a front plate, a rear plate, an upper plate, a lower plate, a left plate, a right plate, filter holes, a vent pipe, and an electric heating tape. The filter holes, vent pipe, and electric heating tape are installed inside the sieve plate. The front plate, rear plate, upper plate, lower plate, left plate, and right plate are made of stainless steel sheet. The six stainless steel sheets serve as the six sides of the sieve plate and are welded together. The sieve plate formed by welding the six stainless steel sheets is a hollow, rectangular structure.

[0010] As an improvement of the present invention, a number of circular holes are provided on both the front plate and the rear plate. The number of circular holes on the front plate and the rear plate are the same, and the positions of the front and rear holes are on the same axis and correspond one to one. A filter hole is provided between the front and rear holes. The diameter of the filter hole is slightly larger than that of the circular holes on the front and rear plates. The filter hole is welded between the two circular holes on the front and rear plates.

[0011] As an improvement of the present invention, the vent pipe is installed inside the sieve plate, and the contact surface between the vent pipe and the sieve plate is connected by welding to fix the vent pipe inside the sieve plate. The vent pipe has an air inlet on the outside of the sieve plate, and the vent pipe has multiple branches inside the sieve plate, the number of branches being the same as the number of filter holes; each branch of the vent pipe is connected to a circular hole on the outer surface of each filter hole by welding; external airflow can flow into the filter holes through the vent pipe.

[0012] As an improvement of the present invention, the filter hole is made of rolled stainless steel sheet, and has a cylindrical shape. The cylindrical structure has inner and outer layers and is hollow inside. The front and rear end faces of the cylinder have different structures. The front face is a circular surface with a closed circle at the edge. Along the axial direction of the cylinder, looking from the front face to the rear face, the rear face has a protruding end along the inner surface of the cylinder towards the front face. This protruding end is the guide end. If the filter hole is cut radially, its shape resembles an open elliptical structure in cross-sectional view. At the two vertices on the major axis of the ellipse, one end is closed and the other end is open. The opening is the aforementioned guide end, which is used to guide the gas and control the airflow direction. A circular hole is opened on the outer surface of the filter hole, and the circular hole is connected to the vent pipe by welding. The circular hole on the outer surface of the filter hole serves as the airflow inlet. The diameter of the filter hole is slightly larger than the size of the openings on the front and rear plates to ensure that no solution seeps into the hollow interior of the sieve plate. The filter orifice has a spiral-like structure. Due to the presence of a flow-guiding structure, air flows out from the outer edge of the circular orifice along the filter's axial direction, allowing the airflow to exit from the entire plane of the orifice, rather than from a single point or a few points. The airflow path is as follows: it enters from the outer layer, flows between the two layers, and exits from the flow-guiding gaps. Compared to the ordinary method of blowing air through vents, this method provides more uniform airflow, a wider impurity removal area, and better performance.

[0013] As an improvement of the present invention, an electric heating tape is wrapped around the outside of the filter hole. The electric heating tape has a flat, strip-like structure, mainly composed of a copper core wire, a heating resistor, an insulation layer, a shielding layer, and an outer sheath. The heating tape is wrapped around the outer layer of the filter hole in concentric circles to transfer heat from the heating tape to the filter hole. The electric heating tape is controlled by a temperature controller to ensure a constant temperature.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: the internal screen plate of the tar residue pre-separation device can realize the function of self-separation of tar residue. This solution does not require a slag scraping system, and can also screen out large tar residue particles and remove tar residue particles that are blocked on the screen plate, thus realizing the function of tar residue pre-separation, eliminating the hidden danger of frequent failures of the slag scraping system, and saving investment. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 2 This is a top view of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the sieve plate.

[0018] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the filter pore structure;

[0019] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the filter holes;

[0020] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the electric heating tape structure;

[0021] Figure 7 A schematic diagram showing the location of the filter holes for the electric heating tape. Detailed implementation method:

[0022] To enhance understanding of the present invention, the embodiments will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0023] Example 1: See Figure 1 ,join Figure 1 , Figure 2A self-cleaning tar residue pre-separation device includes a separator shell A0, a material inlet A1, a material outlet A2, a discharge port A3, a screen plate inlet A4, a screen plate guide rail D1, a return port A5, a return pipe G1, a tar residue pump M1, a pre-separator support A7, and a screen plate T1. The separator shell A0 comprises a cylindrical upper part and a conical lower part, which are welded together to form an integral separator shell A0. The material inlet A1 is fixed to the upper cylinder of the separator shell A0 by welding, and the material enters the tar residue pre-separation device from the material inlet A1. The material outlet A2 is fixed to the upper cylinder of the separator shell A0 by welding, and the material leaves the tar residue pre-separation device from the material outlet A2. The material inlet A1 and the material outlet A2 are located on two opposite sides of the upper cylinder of the separator shell A0. The discharge port A3 is fixed to the bottom of the separator shell A0 by welding; the return port A5 is fixed to the top of the separator shell A0 by welding; the return pipe G1 is connected to the return discharge port A3, the tar residue pump M1, and the return port A5 by flanges, and the function of the return pipe G1 is to provide a channel for the circulation and conveying of materials. Large particles of tar residue in the material cannot pass through the screen and will flow out from the discharge port A3 and enter the tar residue pump M1. After being crushed by the tar residue pump M1, the large particles of tar residue will enter the return port A5 through the return pipe G1 and return to the tar residue pre-separation device. The pre-separator support A7 is fixed to the separator shell A0 by welding, and the support A7 serves to support the separator shell A0; the screen plate inlet A4 is fixed to the top of the separator shell A0 by welding; see also Figure 2 The screen plate inlet A4 is rectangular. Its function is to allow the screen plate T1 to be inserted into the tar residue pre-separation device. There are two screen plate guide rails D1, both welded to the inside of the separator housing A0. The screen plate guide rails D1 are made of stainless steel channel steel, installed vertically, and the opening ends of the two guide rails face each other. The bottom end of the screen plate guide rail D1 is closed to prevent the screen plate T1 from being blocked when it reaches the bottom after being inserted from the top, thus fixing it in place within the tar residue pre-separation device. If the bottom end were not closed, the screen plate would slide along the guide rail into the separator. See also... Figure 2 Two guide rails are installed at the two short sides of the rectangular inlet A4 of the sieve plate. The distance between the two guide rails is equal to the length of the inlet A4 of the sieve plate and equal to the width of the sieve plate T1.

[0024] See Figure 3The sieve plate T1 comprises six surfaces: a front plate, a rear plate, an upper plate, a lower plate, a left plate, and a right plate; filter holes 1, a vent pipe 2, and an electric heating tape 3. All six surfaces are made of thin stainless steel plates, which are welded together to form the external structure of the sieve plate, which is hollow and rectangular. The front and rear plates each have several circular holes, with the same number of holes on both plates. The holes are aligned on the same axis, one-to-one, to accommodate the filter holes 1. The diameter of the filter holes 1 is slightly larger than the holes on the front and rear plates, and they are fixed to the front and rear plates by welding between the two holes. A circular hole is formed on the outer surface of the filter holes 1, which is welded to the vent pipe 2. This circular hole serves as the air inlet. The diameter of the filter holes 1 is slightly larger than the holes on the front and rear plates to prevent solution from seeping into the hollow interior of the sieve plate.

[0025] join Figure 4 , Figure 5 The filter hole 1 is made of rolled stainless steel sheet and has a cylindrical shape. The cylindrical structure has two layers, inner and outer, and is hollow inside. The front and rear end faces of the cylinder are different. The front end face 11 is a circular surface with a closed circle at the edge. Along the axial direction of the cylinder, looking from the front end face to the rear end face, the rear end face 12 has a protruding end along the inner surface of the cylinder towards the front end face. This protruding end is the guide end 13. If the filter hole is cut along the axial direction, its cross-sectional shape resembles an open elliptical structure 14. At the two vertices on the major axis of the ellipse, one end is closed and the other end is open. The opening is the aforementioned guide end. The opening exists to guide the gas and control the direction of airflow.

[0026] join Figure 4 , Figure 5 The filter hole 1 has a spiral-like structure. Due to the presence of a flow-guiding structure, air flows out from the outer edge of the circular filter hole along the filter's axial direction, allowing the airflow to exit from the entire plane of the hole, rather than from a single point or a few points. The airflow path is as follows: it enters from the outer layer, flows between the two layers, and exits from the flow-guiding gap. Compared to the ordinary method of blowing air through vents, this method provides more uniform airflow, a wider impurity removal area, and better performance.

[0027] See Figure 6 The electric heating tape 3 has a flat, strip-like structure, mainly composed of a copper core wire, a heating resistor, an insulation layer, a shielding layer, and an outer sheath. The electric heating tape 3 is flexible and easily bent. See also Figure 7The outer surface of the filter hole 1 is wrapped with an electric heating tape 3. The electric heating tape 3 is wrapped around the outer surface of the filter hole 1 in circles. The purpose of the electric heating tape 3 is to transfer heat from the electric heating tape 3 to the filter hole 1, so that the temperature of the large tar residue particles blocking the filter hole rises and softens them, making them easier to remove.

[0028] Work process

[0029] See Figures 1-7 A method for achieving self-cleaning of a tar residue pre-separation device is described below. The working process is as follows: The material (a mixture of tar and ammonia water) enters the tar residue pre-separation device from the material inlet A1 and flows towards the material outlet A2. Since there is a screen plate T1 inside the tar residue pre-separation device, the liquid and small particles of tar residue can pass through and flow out from the material outlet A2 after being screened by the screen plate T1. Large particles of tar residue are blocked by the screen plate T1, some of which sink to the discharge port A3, and some of which stick to the filter screen of the screen plate T1.

[0030] To remove large tar particles stuck to the filter mesh of screen plate T1, the power supply of electric heating tape 3 needs to be turned on. The electric heating tape will heat up when connected to AC220V power. The heat emitted by the electric heating tape is first conducted to the filter holes 1 on screen plate T1. Since each filter hole is wrapped with electric heating tape, the heat will gradually be conducted to the entire screen plate. The large tar particles on the screen plate absorb the heat, and as the temperature rises, the tar particles gradually soften and their viscosity begins to decrease. Some of the tar particles stuck to the surface of the screen plate begin to fall off.

[0031] To further enhance the removal of large tar particles, pulsed compressed air is intermittently introduced into the air pipes inside the screen plate. The impact force of the pulsed compressed air removes the tar particles from the filter holes. Due to the special structure of the filter holes, the compressed air is blown out from the entire plane of the filter holes. Since the filter holes cover the entire screen plate, the airflow can be considered to be blowing out from the entire plane of the screen plate, in the opposite direction to the material flow direction. If we call the side of the screen plate facing the material flow direction the "front side," when the material flows through the "front side" of the screen plate, some tar particles will adhere to the "front side" of the screen plate and around the filter holes. At this time, the compressed air introduced will blow from the "back side" of the screen plate towards the "front side," preventing the tar particles from sticking to the screen plate, allowing the tar particles to separate from the screen plate and enter the feed inlet.

[0032] When large tar particles fall from the screen and enter the feed inlet, they flow through the pipe into the tar sludge pump. Inside the pump, these large particles are crushed into smaller ones. The smaller particles, mixed with ammonia solution, return along the return pipe to the return inlet at the top of the tar sludge pre-separation unit, entering the separator. This returned solution then moves towards the material outlet, passing through the screen. The tar sludge particles that have been crushed into smaller pieces can pass through the screen, while those that are not sufficiently crushed are still screened out and flow back into the tar sludge pump, repeating the process once more. This cycle continues until all the tar sludge can pass through the screen and proceed to the next process.

[0033] It should be noted that the above embodiments are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Equivalent transformations or substitutions made based on the above technical solutions all fall within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tar residue pre-separation device capable of self-cleaning, characterized in that, The separation device includes a separator shell, a material inlet, a material outlet, a discharge port, a screen plate inlet, a screen plate guide rail, a return port, a return pipe, a tar residue pump, a pre-separator support, and a screen plate. The separator shell includes a cylindrical upper half and a conical lower half. The material inlet is welded and fixed to the upper cylinder of the separator shell, and the material outlet is welded and fixed to the upper cylinder of the separator shell. The material inlet and material outlet are located on two opposite sides of the upper cylinder of the separator shell. The discharge port is fixed to the bottom of the separator shell; the return port is welded and fixed to the top of the separator shell; the return pipe is connected to the return discharge port, the tar residue pump, and the return port via flanges; the pre-separator support is welded and fixed to the bottom of the separator shell; and the screen plate inlet is welded and fixed to the top of the separator shell. The sieve plate inlet is rectangular and is connected to the upper cylinder of the outer shell by welding. The outer casing is equipped with a sieve plate guide rail, which is made of stainless steel channel steel. One end of the bottom of the channel steel is closed to limit the sieve plate. The top of the guide rail is welded to the inside of the cover plate of the outer casing. The sieve plate consists of a front plate, a rear plate, an upper plate, a lower plate, a left plate, a right plate, filter holes, a vent pipe, and an electric heating tape. The filter holes, vent pipe, and electric heating tape are installed inside the sieve plate. The front plate, rear plate, upper plate, lower plate, left plate, and right plate are made of stainless steel sheet. The six stainless steel sheets form the six sides of the sieve plate and are welded together. The sieve plate, which is welded from the six stainless steel sheets, is a hollow, rectangular structure. Both the front and rear plates have several circular holes, and the number of circular holes on the front and rear plates is the same. The front and rear holes are located on the same axis and correspond one-to-one. A filter hole is provided between the front and rear holes. The diameter of the filter hole is larger than that of the circular holes on the front and rear plates. The filter hole is welded between the two circular holes on the front and rear plates. The vent pipe is installed inside the sieve plate, and the contact surface between the vent pipe and the sieve plate is connected by welding. The vent pipe has an air inlet on the outside of the sieve plate and multiple branches inside the sieve plate, the number of branches being the same as the number of filter holes. Each branch of the vent pipe is connected to a round hole on the outer surface of each filter hole by welding. External airflow can flow into the filter holes through the vent pipe. The filter hole is made of rolled stainless steel sheet and has a cylindrical shape. The cylindrical structure has two layers, inner and outer, and is hollow inside. The front and rear end faces of the cylinder are different. The front face is a circular surface with a closed circle edge. Along the axis of the cylinder, looking from the front face to the rear face, the rear face has a protruding end along the inner surface of the cylinder towards the front face. This protruding end is the flow guide end. The filter hole is wrapped with an electric heating tape. The electric heating tape has a flat strip structure and mainly consists of a copper core wire, a heating resistor, an insulation layer, a shielding layer, and an outer sheath.

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