Workpiece torque self-adapting servo structure of energy storage friction welding machine

Abstract

A kind of energy storage friction welding machine workpiece fixed torque self-adapting servo structure, the present application relates to energy storage friction welding workpiece interface fixed torque control.The present application aims to solve the problem that energy storage friction welding is excessively distorted due to the excessive potential energy of energy storage mechanism, which exceeds the energy required for workpiece welding, so that the best welding part is achieved, and provides a kind of workpiece fixed torque self-adapting servo structure.The torque limit of welding process is set in the torque controller (13) before welding, and the torque sensor (14) is started in the second half of welding in the time relay (15), and the torque sensor (14) transmits signal after the workpiece welding effect reaches the best, and the signal is sent by single-chip microcomputer (12) to control valve (11), and then control full-plate brake (7) to relax, so that the moving side workpiece (6) is self-adapting servo with rotating side workpiece (5), and the excess energy is consumed by speed reducer (10) until stop, indicating that the welding is completed, and the specific structure is shown in abstract drawing 1.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of friction welding equipment and relates to a fixed-torque self-adaptive follower device structure for energy storage friction welding. BACKGROUND

[0002] The energy storage friction welding technology is to make the energy storage mechanism or inertial disc obtain huge potential energy by using an electric motor, then stop the electric motor, apply a top forging force to the moving side workpiece, make the two workpieces contact, generate huge heat due to surface friction, and make the surface parts of the two workpieces enter a high temperature state. Due to the huge top forging force, the position where the two workpieces contact generates elastic-plastic deformation, and the two workpieces penetrate each other, that is, the two workpieces are welded together. However, if the energy of the energy storage device is too small, the welding of the two workpieces is not complete, and if the energy is too large, the welding interface of the workpiece is too distorted or even broken. Therefore, the patent aims to solve the problem that the energy overflow in the energy storage mechanism causes the welding interface torque to be too large, resulting in an unsatisfactory welding effect or even breakage, thereby reducing the processing cost, reducing the processing scrap rate, and improving the manufacturing efficiency. SUMMARY

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the application is that the workpiece is excessively welded due to excessive inertial potential energy during the welding process, resulting in an unsatisfactory welding effect, such as excessive torque of the welded part, cracks or breakage of the interface, and failure to meet the relevant mechanical standards, thereby affecting the processing process and even damaging the friction welding machine, and thus a fixed-torque self-adaptive follower device structure for energy storage friction welding is proposed.

[0004] The fixed-torque self-adaptive follower device structure for energy storage friction welding is implemented according to the following structure:

[0005] A fixed-torque self-adaptive follower structure for workpieces of an energy storage friction welding machine, characterized in that: when the electric motor (1) starts to work, the main shaft rotates and the inertial energy storage disc (4) has a huge rotational inertia that exceeds the required rotational inertia for welding the workpieces, then the electric motor (1) is stopped, the oil cylinder applies a top forging force to the moving side (6), the moving side welded part (6) contacts the rotating side welded part (5), the contact part generates a large amount of potential energy due to friction, the contact part region enters a high temperature state and generates elastic-plastic deformation, and after cooling, the rotating side workpiece (5) and the moving side workpiece (6) are welded together, and the friction welding process is completed.

[0006] The fixed-torque self-adaptive follower structure for workpieces of the energy storage friction welding machine, wherein the design features of the full-disc brake (7) are:

[0007] (1)

[0008] (2)

[0009] When When the temperature is high (3)

[0010] The full-plate brake takes

[0011] (4)

[0012] In the formula: is the axial thrust, unit N;

[0013] is the effective radius of the friction disc, unit mm;

[0014] is the calculated braking torque, unit N·m;

[0015] is the outer and inner radius of the friction surface, unit mm;

[0016] n is the number of friction pairs;

[0017] is the friction factor;

[0018] is the working oil pressure, unit MPa. The calculated braking torque required by the friction welding machine = 2.79*10^7 N·m.

[0019] Before the friction welding starts, the maximum torque that the rotating side workpiece (5) and the moving side workpiece (6) can withstand under high temperature plastic deformation is obtained by looking up the yield limit curve of the workpiece material and simultaneously calculating the yield limit of the same or different welding materials when they are in plastic deformation contact at high temperature. After obtaining the maximum torque value of the rotating side workpiece (5) and the moving side workpiece (6) after welding, the relevant parameters in the single-chip microcomputer (12) and the torque controller (13) are set, and the relevant parameters of the time relay (15) are set, so that when the welding is completed, that is, the welding effect is optimal, that is, in the latter half of the welding process, about 6-7 seconds, the full-plate brake (7) is released by closing the control valve (11), so that the moving side workpiece (6) can rotate with the rotating side workpiece (5) in a self-adaptive manner, so that it has the freedom of rotation, and the interface of the workpiece can maintain the optimal welding effect.

[0020] After the friction welding is completed, the rotating side workpiece (5) and the moving side workpiece (6) are released when the welding effect is optimal, so that the moving side workpiece (6) has the freedom of rotation, and the moving side workpiece (6) self-adapts to follow the rotating side workpiece (5) to complete the rotation of the excess rotational inertia, so that the workpiece effect is optimal.

[0021] The friction welding work, control the main part of the moving side workpiece (6) whether to adapt to the servo of the full brake (7) friction material is respectively asbestos plastic and steel, full brake (7) in the welding process is always closed state, through the valve (11) to control hydraulic cylinder (8) to full brake (7) exert axial force and then control, until in the rotating side workpiece (5) and moving side workpiece (6) reach the welding best standard, through the related setting of time relay (15) makes that torque sensor (14) transmits signal to singlechip (12) and then gives valve (11) the instruction of releasing full brake (7), moving side workpiece (6) adapts to the servo, protect the welding workpiece from the excessive torque.

[0022] The friction welding installation workpiece and unloading workpiece, the friction welding machine in the stop moving side mechanism whole in stroke guide rail (9) rear end, the middle space becomes big, it is convenient to install and disassemble welding workpiece, when welding, the friction welding machine through stroke guide rail (9) makes moving side workpiece (6) close to rotating side workpiece (5) as "big stroke", and applies the upsetting force to make moving side workpiece (6) close to rotating side workpiece (5) and make it friction heat and then weld together small displacement, which is generated by the transmission of internal parts of moving side mechanism, so that it has the characteristics of small displacement and large force, it is considered as "small stroke", in general, "big stroke" makes moving side workpiece (6) close to rotating side workpiece (5), and "small stroke" makes moving side workpiece (6) contact with rotating side workpiece (5), and the heat required for welding is generated by friction.

[0023] In general, the friction welding machine in the welding process, start time relay (15) control in the latter half of welding start torque sensor (14), calculate the maximum torque required for the welding of two workpieces before friction welding, set the maximum torque in torque controller (13), sensor (14) work detects the maximum torque of workpiece welding, signal is transmitted to singlechip (12), singlechip (12) sends a signal to control valve (11) to close, so that full brake (7) loosens, moving side workpiece (6) rotates with rotating side workpiece (5), the excess inertia potential is conducted to the reducer (10) until exhausted, that is, stop welding.

[0024] The present application adds full brake to control the adaptive servo state of the moving end welding piece on the basis of the original mechanism, realizes whether excessive welding causes damage to the workpiece according to torque, effectively solves the unnecessary loss caused by excessive potential energy in the welding process of inertia friction welding, saves the manufacturing cost, improves the manufacturing efficiency and reduces the scrap rate of parts. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1Energy storage friction welding machine workpiece fixed torque adaptive servo structure schematic diagram

[0026] Figure 2 Energy storage friction welding machine workpiece fixed torque adaptive servo structure working flow chart

[0027] In the figure, 1-motor, 2-reducer, 3-liquid dynamic static pressure radial-thrust bearing, 4-energy storage mechanism (inertia disc), 5-rotary side welding piece, 6-moving side welding piece, 7-full disc brake, 8-hydraulic cylinder, 9-moving guide rail, 10-reducer, 11-valve, 12-single-chip microcomputer, 13-torque controller, 14-torque sensor, 15-time relay. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] Reference Figure 1 When the friction welding workpiece is installed, the moving side mechanism is at the rear end of the guide rail (9), at which time the rotary side and the moving side of the two mechanisms are farthest apart, facilitating the installation and removal of the welding piece. When the welding preparation starts, the guide rail (9) slowly moves to the position where the two workpieces are close to each other under the action of the motor, and the position of the welding workpiece is about a few millimeters. At this time, the position of the guide rail (9) is locked, and the torque limit in the torque controller (13) is pre-set according to the yield characteristics of the material. Then the motor (1) is operated, the speed is transmitted to the spindle part through the reducer (2), the energy storage mechanism, i.e. the inertia disc (4), obtains a huge potential energy, and at the same time the rotary side workpiece (5) reaches a predetermined speed. Then the motor (1) is removed, the spindle continues to rotate the rotary side workpiece (5) at the predetermined speed through inertia, the internal structure of the moving side mechanism changes, and the processing requirements of small displacement and large force are met, so that the moving side workpiece (6) is in contact with the rotary side workpiece (5). Due to friction, a large amount of heat is generated, the huge potential energy is converted into heat energy, the moving side workpiece (6) and the rotary side workpiece (5) are elastically and plastically deformed, and the materials penetrate each other. The welding process starts. Until the temperature drops to the point where the material structure does not change, the potential energy decays, and the time relay (15) starts in the second half of the welding process. The effect of the welding piece interface reaches the best state, the excess potential energy is detected by the torque sensor (14) pre-set and transmitted to the single-chip microcomputer (12), the single-chip microcomputer (12) processes the relevant signals and transmits them to the valve (11), and then controls the full disc brake (7) to relax, so that the rotary side workpiece (6) and the moving side workpiece (5) are self-adaptive and follow the movement. The excess potential energy is conducted to the reducer (10) through the full disc brake (7) until it is exhausted, i.e. the welding process is stopped. The specific flow chart is shown in the description Figure 2 .

Claims

1. A workpiece constant torque adaptive follow-up structure for an energy storage friction welding machine, characterized in that: Before welding begins, the yield limit of the same or different welding materials at high temperature under plastic deformation is calculated by looking up the yield limit curve of the welding material. The maximum torque that the rotating side welding part (5) and the moving side welding part (6) can withstand under high temperature plastic deformation is obtained. After obtaining the maximum torque value obtained after welding the rotating side weldment (5) and the moving side weldment (6), relevant parameters are set in the microcontroller (12) and torque controller (13) so that the welding effect reaches the optimal level. Then, the full disc brake (7) is released by closing the valve (11), so that the moving side weldment (6) can rotate adaptively with the rotating side weldment (5), giving it the freedom of rotation and maintaining the best welding effect at the interface of the weldment. The design of the full disc brake (7) is carried out, and the braking torque is calculated as follows: (1) The effective radius of the friction disc is: (2) Relationship between the outer and inner radii of the friction surfaces of a full-disc brake: (3) when When, it can be simplified to: (4) In the formula: For calculating braking torque, the unit is N·m; Axial thrust, in N; The effective radius of the friction disc is in mm. , represents the outer and inner radii of the friction surfaces, in mm; n represents the number of friction pairs. The coefficient of friction; During friction welding, the friction materials of the full disc brake (7) are asbestos plastic and steel, respectively. The full disc brake (7) remains closed during the welding process. The hydraulic cylinder (8) is controlled by the valve (11) to apply axial force to the full disc brake (7) and control it until the welding effect between the rotating side weldment (5) and the moving side weldment (6) is optimal. Then the torque sensor (14) transmits a signal to the microcontroller (12), which in turn sends a command to the valve (11) to release the full disc brake (7), so that the moving side weldment (6) can adaptively follow the movement and ensure that the weldment is not subjected to excessive torque. Before friction welding, the maximum torque required for welding the two workpieces is calculated. The maximum torque is set in the torque controller (13). The torque sensor (14) detects that the welding of the workpieces has reached the maximum torque. The signal is transmitted to the microcontroller (12). The microcontroller (12) sends a signal, the valve (11) is closed, and the full disc brake (7) is released. The moving side workpiece (6) rotates with the rotating side workpiece (5). The excess inertial potential energy is conducted to the reducer (10) until it is exhausted, and then welding stops.

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