Mass production line for continuous tailings ceramic molding

Abstract

This invention discloses a batch continuous tailings ceramic forming production line, including a drag chain mold conveyor, several supporting columns for structural support of the production line, and a multi-station top operating platform mounted on the supporting columns. The drag chain mold conveyor includes upper and lower drag chains, several molds mounted on the drag chains, sprockets, a drive device connected to the sprockets, and at least one telescopic adjustable frame. A ceramic forming base plate is provided below the upper drag chain to facilitate mold sliding. Several devices for ceramic forming preparation are provided on the multi-station top operating platform. By setting up a telescopic adjustable frame, the bottom of the product can be uniformly formed while meeting different production needs, and the force effect during rolling, residual material removal, forming, and demolding processes can be ensured. Thus, the ceramic product forming is completed through the cooperation of the ceramic forming base plate, the molds, and the various components on the multi-station top operating platform.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of ceramic product molding production equipment technology, and in particular to a batch continuous tailings ceramic molding production line. Background Technology

[0002] For a long time, tailings have been considered waste from mining operations. The destructive potential of tailings dam failures has made tailings disposal a thorny issue for many mining companies. However, researchers working on high-performance microcrystalline glass see it differently. Tailings have a composition similar to that of microcrystalline glass raw materials; just as broken glass is waste while a complete piece of glass is a product. Therefore, researchers view tailings not as waste, but as a raw material for high-end building materials, only in a different form. With the deepening of tailings utilization efforts, the application areas of tailings are expanding. Besides being used to make urban paving stones, tailings can also be used to produce microcrystalline glass, building ceramics, cement, cast stone products, glass products, fertilizers, sand-lime bricks, non-fired bricks, artificial stone, arts and crafts ceramics, raw materials for daily-use ceramics, and concrete.

[0003] Using tailings sand to produce ceramics has become a common process in the industry. Currently, ceramic shapes include cylindrical, conical, slab, ceramic cups, and ceramic plates. Existing tailings-based ceramic forming machines on the market are mainly single-machine, semi-automatic, small-batch production units, powered by hydraulic presses. This limits the market's ceramic forming capacity and still relies on a certain amount of manual assistance. With the increasing demand for various ceramic products, there is a need to develop a fully automated production line for batch processing of tailings-based ceramics to replace the single-structure semi-automatic forming machines or traditional manual ceramic forming. This would ensure ceramic quality while replacing manual labor and improving efficiency and output.

[0004] In view of this, it is necessary to design a batch continuous tailings ceramic forming production line to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a batch continuous tailings ceramic forming production line based on a drag chain structure mold, which has the operational capabilities of mold cleaning, autonomous feeding, rolling and leveling, stamping and forming, automatic sorting and demolding, intelligent stacking and waste recycling, and can achieve continuous batch production while ensuring the quality of tailings ceramic forming.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, this invention provides a batch continuous tailings ceramic forming production line, comprising a drag chain mold conveyor, several supporting columns for structural support of the production line, and a multi-station top operating platform mounted on the supporting columns. The drag chain mold conveyor includes upper and lower drag chains, several molds mounted on the drag chains, sprockets partially meshed with the drag chains, a drive device connected to the sprockets, and at least one telescopic adjustable frame for adjusting the length and tension of the drag chains. A ceramic forming base plate is provided below the upper drag chain to facilitate mold sliding. Several devices for ceramic forming preparation are provided on the multi-station top operating platform.

[0007] As a further improvement of the present invention, the multi-station top operating platform is set on the top of the support column, one end of the telescopic adjustable scaffold is fixed in the middle of the support column, and the other end is connected to the sprocket; the ceramic molding base plate is fixed in the middle of the support column.

[0008] As a further improvement of the present invention, the apparatus for ceramic molding preparation includes a mold hole monitor, a top inner hole blower, an automatic feeding bin, a telescopic roller, a residual material remover, an upper punch cylinder and a demolding cylinder arranged sequentially on the multi-station top operating table, and a lower punch cylinder matched with the upper punch cylinder arranged on the ceramic molding base plate. The lower punch cylinder is provided with a forming lower punch, and the upper punch cylinder and the demolding cylinder are respectively provided with forming upper punches.

[0009] As a further improvement of the present invention, a bottom blowing device is also provided on the ceramic forming base plate. The bottom blowing device is arranged horizontally on the side away from the automatic feeding hopper of the top inner hole blower, and the air outlet is facing the lower drag chain. The bottom blowing device includes a bottom inner hole blower and a bottom outer hole blower.

[0010] As a further improvement of the present invention, the ceramic forming base plate is provided with a blow-out port, a waste material discharge port, a stamping guide hole and a ceramic demolding port in sequence along the mold moving direction. The blow-out port is located below the top inner hole blower, the waste material discharge port is located below the waste material remover and the telescopic roller, the positions of the upper stamping cylinder and the lower stamping cylinder correspond to the stamping air guide hole, and the ceramic demolding port is located below the demolding cylinder.

[0011] As a further improvement of the present invention, a front-end residual material collection box is provided below the residual material discharge port, and a rear-end residual material collection box is provided below the bottom purging device and the top inner hole purging device.

[0012] As a further improvement of the present invention, a sorting and stacking device is provided below the ceramic demolding port.

[0013] As a further improvement of the present invention, the sorting and palletizing device includes a ceramic conveyor line, a three-dimensional palletizing robot for ceramic selection, a visual camera mounted on the three-dimensional palletizing robot, and waste collection boxes and trays for collecting ceramics of different grades respectively. One end of the ceramic conveyor line is suspended below the ceramic forming base plate by a hanger.

[0014] As a further improvement of the present invention, the mold is a plate mold, the plate mold is provided with a plurality of ceramic mold holes, and the upper surface is provided with a plurality of forming positioning holes. Connecting bearings for connecting the plate mold and the drag chain are also provided on both sides of the plate mold.

[0015] As a further improvement of the present invention, the forming upper punch includes a connecting plate connected to the upper punching cylinder or the demolding cylinder, and the connecting plate is respectively provided with a forming head corresponding to the ceramic mold hole and a positioning pin corresponding to the forming positioning hole.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0017] 1. This invention constructs a batch continuous tailings ceramic forming production line based on a cable chain structure mold. By setting up a telescopic and adjustable scaffold, on the one hand, the length of the cable chain can be adjusted according to the actual production scale to meet different production needs; on the other hand, the tension of the cable chain can be adjusted, thus combining with the ceramic forming base plate set on the lower side of the upper cable chain to ensure that a uniform gap is formed between the mold on the cable chain and the ceramic forming base plate. This allows the mold to maintain a sliding state on the ceramic forming base plate, avoiding the situation where the mold is partially dragged on the ceramic forming base plate due to excessive slack in the cable chain, resulting in uneven preparation of the bottom of the ceramic product due to inconsistent distance between the mold and the ceramic forming base plate during movement. Compared with dragging, the sliding method of this invention can reduce the friction between the mold and the ceramic forming base plate, thereby reducing mold wear and extending the service life of the mold. In addition, this invention controls the tension of the cable chain through the telescopic and adjustable scaffold, which can ensure the effective force application during rolling, residual material removal, forming, and demolding processes. Thus, the forming and preparation of ceramic products is completed through the cooperation of the ceramic forming base plate, the mold, and the various components set on the multi-station top operating platform.

[0018] 2. This invention, by installing a monitor and a top inner hole blower before the automatic feeding hopper, and a bottom blowing device corresponding to the lower cable chain on the ceramic forming base plate, and positioning the top inner hole blower horizontally between the automatic feeding hopper and the bottom blowing device, can thoroughly clean the mold and prevent residual material from affecting the preparation of ceramic products. Compared to placing the bottom blower between the automatic feeding hopper and the top inner hole blower, this invention avoids the bottom blower cleaning the lower mold and then the top inner hole blower blowing residual material from the upper mold into the lower mold, thus improving mold cleaning efficiency.

[0019] 3. Based on the actual needs of ceramic molding processes, this invention adopts a modular design to replace manual labor, integrating functions such as feeding, pressing, demolding, and finished product stacking. The use of rolling and a waste material remover ensures the material within the mold holes is fully filled and maintains high quality. Combined with precise positioning via the punch positioning pin and mold positioning holes, this results in superior quality ceramic products, exceeding the quality of manually produced ceramics. The continuous circulation structure of the drag chain mold, replacing single mechanical stamping, significantly improves the production efficiency of molded ceramics. Compared to the centralized indexing plate production structure, the distributed functional module production line design makes equipment operation and maintenance safe and convenient, enabling unmanned ceramic production and facilitating the promotion of industrialized ceramic molding production in China. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a front view of the batch continuous tailings ceramic forming production line of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a top view of the batch continuous tailings ceramic forming production line of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the forming upper punch and rectangular plate mold.

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the cleaning head of the waste material cleaner.

[0024] Figure Labels

[0025] 10. Support column; 21. Cable chain; 22. Rectangular plate mold; 221. Ceramic mold hole; 222. Forming positioning hole; 223. Connecting bearing; 23. Sprocket; 24. Drive unit; 25. Telescopic adjustable scaffold; 30. Multi-station top operating table; 31. Mold hole monitor; 32. Top inner hole blower; 33. Automatic feeding bin; 34. Telescopic roller; 35. Residual material remover; 36. Upper punch cylinder; 37. Demolding cylinder; 38. Forming upper punch; 381. Connecting plate; 382. Forming head; 383, Positioning pin; 40, Ceramic forming base plate; 41, Blowing port; 42, Residual material discharge port; 43, Stamping guide hole; 44, Ceramic demolding port; 45, Lower stamping cylinder; 46, Bottom inner hole blower; 47, Bottom outer hole blower; 51, Front residual material collection box; 52, Rear residual material collection box; 61, Ceramic conveyor line; 611, Hanger; 62, Waste collection box; 63, 3D palletizing robot; 631, Visual camera; 64, Pallet; 65, Formed ceramic; 70, Safety protective housing. Detailed Implementation

[0026] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0027] It should also be noted that, in order to avoid obscuring the present invention with unnecessary details, only the structures and / or processing steps closely related to the present invention are shown in the accompanying drawings, while other details that are not closely related to the present invention are omitted.

[0028] Additionally, it should be noted that the terms “comprising,” “including,” or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0029] like Figures 1-4As shown, the present invention provides a batch continuous tailings ceramic forming production line, including a drag chain mold conveyor, four support columns 10 for supporting the production line structure, and a multi-station top operating platform 30 set on top of the support columns 10. The drag chain mold conveyor includes upper and lower drag chains 21, several molds set on the drag chains 21, sprockets 23 partially meshing with the drag chains 21, a drive device 24 connected to the sprockets 23, and a telescopic adjustable frame 25 for adjusting the length and tension of the drag chains 21. A ceramic forming base plate 40 is set below the upper drag chain 21. The ceramic forming base plate 40 is fixed in the middle of the support columns 10 and tightly placed under the upper drag chain 21 so that the molds can slide on the ceramic forming base plate 40. Several devices for ceramic forming preparation are set on the multi-station top operating platform 30.

[0030] Specifically, there are two telescopic adjustable scaffolds 25, located at both ends of the drag chain mold conveyor; one end of the telescopic adjustable scaffold 25 is fixed to the middle of the support column 10, and the other end is connected to the sprocket 23; the drive motor is fixed on the left telescopic adjustable scaffold 25 and connected to the sprocket 23 at one end; the ceramic molding base plate 40 is fixed to the middle of the support column 10.

[0031] Specifically, the apparatus for ceramic molding includes a mold hole monitor 31, a top inner hole blower 32, an automatic feeding bin 33, a telescopic roller 34, a waste material remover 35, an upper punch cylinder 36, and a demolding cylinder 37, sequentially arranged on the multi-station top operating table 30; and a lower punch cylinder 45, matching the upper punch cylinder 36, arranged on the ceramic molding base plate 40. The mold hole monitor 31, top inner hole blower 32, telescopic roller 34, waste material remover 35, upper punch cylinder 36, and demolding cylinder 37 are fixed to the lower surface of the multi-station top operating table 30, and the automatic feeding bin 33 extends through the multi-station top operating table 30. The lower punch cylinder 45 is equipped with different shaped forming lower punches according to the ceramic molding shape, and the upper punch cylinder 36 and demolding cylinder 37 are respectively equipped with forming upper punches 38.

[0032] Specifically, the mold is a rectangular plate mold 22. The rectangular plate mold 22 has two ceramic mold holes 221 according to production requirements, and its upper surface has two forming positioning holes 222 to prevent the forming upper punch 38 from accidentally hitting the ceramic mold holes 221. The forming positioning holes 222 are located at both ends of the rectangular plate mold 22. Connecting bearings 223 for connecting the rectangular plate mold 22 to the cable chain 21 are also provided on both sides of the rectangular plate mold 22. The forming upper punch 38 includes a connecting plate 381 connected to the upper punch cylinder 36 or the demolding cylinder 37. The connecting plate 381 is provided with forming heads 382 corresponding to the ceramic mold holes 221 and positioning pins 383 corresponding to the forming positioning holes 222.

[0033] Specifically, the lower surface of the ceramic forming base plate 40 is also provided with a bottom blowing device. The bottom blowing device is arranged horizontally on the side of the top inner hole blower 32 away from the automatic feeding bin 33, and the air outlet is directly facing the lower drag chain 21. The bottom blowing device includes a bottom inner hole blower 46 and a bottom outer hole blower 47.

[0034] Specifically, the ceramic forming base plate 40 is provided with a blow-out port 41, a waste material discharge port 42, a stamping guide hole 43 and a ceramic demolding port 44 in sequence along the mold moving direction. The blow-out port 41 is located below the top inner hole blower 32, the waste material discharge port 42 is located below the waste material remover 35 and the telescopic roller 34, the positions of the upper stamping cylinder 36 and the lower stamping cylinder 45 correspond to the stamping air guide hole, and the ceramic demolding port 44 is located below the demolding cylinder 37.

[0035] Specifically, a front-end waste material collection box 51 is provided below the waste material discharge port 42, and a rear-end waste material collection box 52 is provided below the bottom blowing device and the top inner hole blowing device 32.

[0036] Specifically, a sorting and palletizing device is installed below the ceramic demolding opening 44. This device includes a ceramic conveyor line 61, a three-dimensional palletizing robot 63 for ceramic sorting, a visual camera 631 positioned near one end of the robot 63 close to the ceramic conveyor line 61, and waste collection bins 62 and trays 64 for collecting ceramics of different grades. One end of the ceramic conveyor line 61 is suspended from the ceramic forming base plate 40 by a hanger 611, specifically located below the ceramic demolding opening 44. The waste collection bins 62 and the three-dimensional palletizing robot 63 are sequentially arranged on the left side of the ceramic conveyor line 61 along the mold transport direction. The trays 64 are positioned below the end of the ceramic conveyor line 61 furthest from the ceramic demolding opening 44.

[0037] Specifically, the batch continuous tailings ceramic forming production line also includes a safety protection housing 70, which is assembled and covers the surface of the production line.

[0038] The working principle of the batch continuous tailings ceramic forming production line provided by the present invention will be explained below.

[0039] During operation, the drive motor is started, causing the drag chain 21 and sprocket 23 to slide the rectangular plate mold 22 on the ceramic forming base plate 40. The mold hole monitor 31 observes whether there is any residual waste material adhering to the ceramic mold holes 221 on the rectangular plate mold 22. If waste material is present, the top inner hole blower 32 activates a high-speed airflow to blow away the ceramic mold holes 221. The blown-out waste material falls into the rear residual material collection box 52 through the blow-out port 41. After blowing, the rectangular plate mold 22 moves to below the automatic feeding bin 33, and the automatic feeding bin 33 begins feeding the ceramic mold holes 221 of the rectangular plate mold 22. Tailings raw material is added internally, and under the sliding seal of the ceramic forming base plate 40, the tailings raw material fills the ceramic mold hole 221; the rectangular plate mold 22 continues to move to below the telescopic roller 34, and after rolling, the raw material fills the ceramic mold hole 221; the rectangular plate mold 22 moves to below the residual material remover 35, and the removal head of the residual material remover 35 removes the excess tailings raw material that exceeds the height of the ceramic mold hole 221, and the residual material falls into the pre-positioned residual material collection box 51 through the residual material discharge port 42; the rectangular plate mold 22 then moves to below the upper punching cylinder 36, and the upper punching cylinder 36 and the lower punching cylinder 45 respectively drive the forming upper... Punch 38 and the lower forming punch press upwards and downwards. Under the guidance of positioning pin 383, positioning hole and punching guide hole 43, the upper forming punch 38 punches the tailings raw material through the ceramic mold hole 221 to achieve ceramic forming. The rectangular plate mold 22 carries the formed ceramic to the bottom of the demolding cylinder 37. The demolding cylinder 37 uses punching to make the formed ceramic 65 fall through the ceramic demolding port onto the ceramic conveyor line 61. The ceramic conveyor line 61 moves the demolded and pressed formed ceramic 65 to the three-dimensional palletizing robot 63. The ceramic forming status is observed through the visual camera 631. The formed ceramic 65 with good quality is directly passed through the three-dimensional barcode. The stacking robot 63 places the ceramic pieces 65 with quality defects into the pallet 64. The three-dimensional stacking robot 63 then moves the ceramic pieces 65 to the waste collection box 62. At the same time, the rectangular plate mold 22, which has completed demolding, is moved to the bottom blowing device by the drag chain mold conveyor. The bottom inner hole blower 46 and the bottom outer hole blower 47 blow the rectangular plate mold 22 back and forth to remove the waste material remaining inside and outside the rectangular plate mold 22. The removed waste material falls into the pre-positioned waste material collection box 51. The cleaned rectangular plate mold 22 moves toward the mold hole monitor 31 to continue the ceramic molding process.

[0040] In summary, the batch continuous tailings ceramic forming production line disclosed in this invention is constructed based on a drag chain structure mold. By setting up a telescopic adjustable frame 25, on the one hand, the length of the drag chain 21 can be adjusted according to the actual production scale to meet different production needs; on the other hand, the tension of the drag chain 21 can be adjusted, thus combining with the ceramic forming base plate 40 set on the lower side of the upper drag chain 21 to ensure that a uniform gap is formed between the mold on the drag chain 21 and the ceramic forming base plate 40. This avoids uneven preparation of the bottom of the ceramic product due to inconsistent distance between the mold and the ceramic forming base plate 40 during the movement of the mold. Moreover, the sliding method of this invention can reduce the friction between the mold and the base plate, and enhance the service life of the mold. At the same time, by controlling the tension of the drag chain 21 through the telescopic adjustable frame 25, the force effect during rolling, residual material removal, forming and demolding processes can be ensured. Thus, the forming and preparation of ceramic products is completed through the cooperation of the base plate, the mold and the various components set on the multi-station top operating table 30. Furthermore, by installing a monitor and a top inner hole blower 32 in front of the automatic feeding bin 33, and a bottom blowing device corresponding to the lower drag chain 21 on the bottom plate, and positioning the top inner hole blower 32 horizontally between the automatic feeding bin 33 and the bottom blowing device, the mold can be thoroughly cleaned, preventing residual material from affecting the preparation of ceramic products. This invention's batch continuous tailings ceramic forming production line integrates functions such as feeding, pressing, demolding, and finished product stacking. By distributing the functional modules of the production line, the equipment operation and maintenance are safe and convenient, and unmanned ceramic production can be achieved, facilitating the promotion of industrialized ceramic forming and preparation production in China.

[0041] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. A batch-scale continuous tailings ceramic forming production line, characterized in that: The system includes a cable chain mold conveyor, several support columns for supporting the production line structure, and a multi-station top operating platform mounted on the support columns. The cable chain mold conveyor includes upper and lower cable chains, several molds mounted on the cable chains, sprockets partially meshing with the cable chains, a drive device connected to the sprockets, and at least one telescopic adjustable frame for adjusting the length and tension of the cable chains. A ceramic forming base plate is provided below the upper cable chain to facilitate mold sliding. Several devices for ceramic forming preparation are provided on the multi-station top operating platform. The apparatus for ceramic molding includes a mold hole monitor, a top inner hole blower, an automatic feeding bin, a telescopic roller, a waste material remover, an upper punch cylinder, and a demolding cylinder, which are sequentially arranged on the top operating table of the multi-station unit, and a lower punch cylinder that matches the upper punch cylinder, which is arranged on the ceramic molding base plate. The lower punch cylinder is provided with a forming lower punch, and the upper punch cylinder and the demolding cylinder are respectively provided with forming upper punches.

2. The batch continuous tailings ceramic forming production line according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multi-station top operating platform is located on the top of the support column; one end of the telescopic adjustable scaffold is fixed to the middle of the support column, and the other end is connected to the sprocket; the ceramic molded base plate is fixed to the middle of the support column.

3. The batch continuous tailings ceramic forming production line according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ceramic forming base plate is also provided with a bottom blowing device. The bottom blowing device is arranged horizontally on the side away from the automatic feeding hopper of the top inner hole blower, and the air outlet is facing the lower drag chain. The bottom blowing device includes a bottom inner hole blower and a bottom outer hole blower.

4. The batch continuous tailings ceramic forming production line according to claim 3, characterized in that: The ceramic forming base plate is provided with a blow-off port, a waste material discharge port, a stamping guide hole and a ceramic demolding port in sequence along the mold moving direction. The blow-off port is located below the top inner hole blower, the waste material discharge port is located below the waste material remover and the telescopic roller, the positions of the upper stamping cylinder and the lower stamping cylinder correspond to the stamping guide hole, and the ceramic demolding port is located below the demolding cylinder.

5. The batch continuous tailings ceramic forming production line according to claim 4, characterized in that: A front-end residual material collection box is provided below the residual material discharge port, and a rear-end residual material collection box is provided below the bottom purging device and the top inner hole purging device.

6. The batch continuous tailings ceramic forming production line according to claim 4, characterized in that: A sorting and stacking device is provided below the ceramic demolding port.

7. The batch continuous tailings ceramic forming production line according to claim 6, characterized in that: The sorting and palletizing device includes a ceramic conveyor line, a three-dimensional palletizing robot for ceramic selection, a visual camera mounted on the three-dimensional palletizing robot, and waste collection boxes and trays for collecting ceramics of different grades. One end of the ceramic conveyor line is suspended below the ceramic forming base plate by a hanger.

8. The batch continuous tailings ceramic forming production line according to claim 2, characterized in that: The mold is a plate mold, which has several ceramic mold holes and several forming positioning holes on its upper surface. Connecting bearings for connecting the plate mold and the cable chain are also provided on both sides of the plate mold.

9. The batch continuous tailings ceramic forming production line according to claim 8, characterized in that: The forming upper punch includes a connecting plate connected to the upper punching cylinder or the demolding cylinder. The connecting plate is respectively provided with a forming head corresponding to the ceramic mold hole and a positioning pin corresponding to the forming positioning hole.

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