A method and system for detecting foundation pit deformation

Abstract

This application relates to a method and system for detecting foundation pit deformation. The method includes scanning the surrounding environment at a set frequency and establishing N echo points in each direction based on the scan echoes; calculating the distance between any two echo points, and when the distance is less than a set distance, performing a secondary scan on the area where the two echo points are located; filtering the secondary scan results to obtain an echo point group, and constructing a feature model based on the echo point group; comparing multiple feature models on a time series at the same location, and issuing an early warning signal when the change trend of the feature model exceeds the allowable range. The foundation pit deformation detection method and system disclosed in this application provides early warning of potential disasters through the construction of a three-dimensional model of the geological morphology and the analysis of its change trends, thereby providing timely and accurate prevention and control measures for production.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of disaster prevention and control technology, and in particular to a method and system for detecting foundation pit deformation. Background Technology

[0002] Construction disasters can damage machinery and facilities, cause injuries and fatalities to workers, severely impact project progress, and increase construction costs. To mitigate the impact of construction disasters, effective disaster early warning and prevention measures are essential.

[0003] Taking foundation pits as an example, the currently widely used detection methods mainly include manual detection (including detection of the surrounding environment, support changes, and surface changes of the foundation pit) and image detection. Manual detection has the advantages of simple operation and convenient detection, but it is affected during construction. In addition, considering the detection frequency, detection error and suddenness, manual detection is limited to a certain extent. In particular, manual detection lacks internal detection methods for the environment in which the foundation pit is located.

[0004] Image detection is based on analyzing images taken continuously. The advantage of this method is that it can perform non-contact detection. The disadvantage is that it is difficult to keep the detection benchmark consistent each time, and it is difficult to deal with the image loss caused by the construction process.

[0005] Furthermore, image detection methods cannot analyze the internal conditions of the foundation pit. For example, many sudden collapses are caused by structural changes within the pit. Disaster occurrences are closely related to engineering geological conditions, hydrogeological conditions, location, scale, and state characteristics. Prevention and control decisions based on past experience or standard specifications have significant uncertainty and arbitrariness. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This application provides a method and system for detecting foundation pit deformation. By constructing a three-dimensional model of the geological morphology and analyzing its changing trends, it can provide early warning of potential disasters, thereby providing timely and accurate prevention and control measures for production.

[0007] The above-mentioned objective of this application is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0008] Firstly, this application provides a method for detecting foundation pit deformation, including:

[0009] The surrounding environment is scanned according to a set frequency, and N echo points in each direction are established based on the scan echoes, where N≥1 and is a natural number.

[0010] Calculate the distance between any two echo points. If the distance is less than a set distance, perform a second scan on the area where the two echo points are located.

[0011] The results of the secondary scan are filtered to obtain echo point clusters, and a feature model is constructed based on the echo point clusters.

[0012] Compare multiple feature models from the same time series location; and

[0013] A warning signal is issued when the trend of change in the feature model exceeds the allowable range.

[0014] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, the scanning method for scanning the surrounding environment is line scanning, in which electromagnetic waves of different frequencies are used to scan the same location during the line scanning process.

[0015] The echo points generated by electromagnetic waves of different frequencies are all placed in the same coordinate system.

[0016] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, the echo points used to calculate the distance between any two echo points are generated based on the same scanning frequency.

[0017] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, performing a secondary scan includes:

[0018] The scanning range is constructed based on the positions of two echo points that are less than a set distance apart;

[0019] Perform intensive scanning within the scanning range;

[0020] Construct an echo point group using all echo points generated by dense scanning; and

[0021] A feature model is constructed based on the echo point group.

[0022] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, constructing an echo point group using all echo points generated by dense scanning includes calculating the distance between any two echo points, and when the distance between an echo point and any other echo point is less than a set distance, the echo point is retained to obtain the echo point group.

[0023] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, the feature model includes an edge contour model and an area model.

[0024] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, constructing the area model includes:

[0025] The echo points in the echo point group are grouped into multiple echo points in each group.

[0026] A first plane is constructed using a set of echo points, with gaps between adjacent first planes;

[0027] A second plane is constructed using echo points belonging to the edges of the first plane, and this second plane fills the gaps between adjacent first planes; and

[0028] The area model is obtained by merging the edges of the first and second planes.

[0029] Secondly, this application provides a disaster early warning device for foundation pit construction, comprising:

[0030] The first scanning unit is used to scan the surrounding environment according to a set frequency, and to establish N echo points in each direction based on the scan echoes, where N≥1 and is a natural number.

[0031] The processing unit is used to calculate the distance between any two echo points, and when the distance is less than a set distance, to perform a second scan on the area where the two echo points are located.

[0032] The first model building unit is used to filter the secondary scanning results, obtain echo point groups, and build a feature model based on the echo point groups.

[0033] The comparison unit is used to compare multiple feature models from the same time series location; and

[0034] The early warning unit is used to issue an early warning signal when the changing trend of the feature model exceeds the allowable range.

[0035] Thirdly, this application provides a foundation pit deformation detection system, the system comprising:

[0036] One or more memories for storing instructions; and

[0037] One or more processors are configured to call and execute the instructions from the memory to perform the methods described in the first aspect and any possible implementation thereof.

[0038] Fourthly, this application provides a computer-readable storage medium, the computer-readable storage medium comprising:

[0039] The program, when run by a processor, is executed as described in the first aspect and any possible implementation thereof.

[0040] Fifthly, this application provides a computer program product, including program instructions that, when run by a computing device, execute the method described in the first aspect and any possible implementation thereof.

[0041] Sixthly, this application provides a chip system including a processor for implementing the functions involved in the foregoing aspects, such as generating, receiving, transmitting, or processing the data and / or information involved in the foregoing methods.

[0042] This chip system can consist of chips or include chips and other discrete components.

[0043] In one possible design, the chip system also includes a memory for storing necessary program instructions and data. The processor and the memory can be decoupled and located on different devices, connected via wired or wireless means, or the processor and the memory can be coupled to the same device. Attached Figure Description

[0044] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the steps of a foundation pit deformation detection method provided in this application.

[0045] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the monitoring range of a monitoring terminal provided in this application, as shown by the dotted lines.

[0046] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle of a scanning method provided in this application.

[0047] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle of another scanning method provided in this application.

[0048] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle of constructing a scanning range, as provided in this application.

[0049] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram illustrating another principle of constructing the scan range provided in this application. Detailed Implementation

[0050] The technical solutions in this application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0051] The foundation pit deformation detection method disclosed in this application is applied to a monitoring terminal. The monitoring terminal is installed in a monitoring hole in the foundation pit. There are multiple monitoring holes, which monitor different areas of the foundation pit respectively.

[0052] Please see Figure 1 The foundation pit deformation detection method disclosed in this application includes the following steps:

[0053] S101, scan the surrounding environment according to the set frequency, and establish N echo points in each direction based on the scan echoes, where N≥1 and is a natural number;

[0054] S102, calculate the distance between any two echo points, and when the distance is less than a set distance, perform a second scan on the area where the two echo points are located;

[0055] S103, the secondary scan results are filtered to obtain echo point groups, and a feature model is constructed based on the echo point groups;

[0056] S104 compares multiple feature models from the same time series location; and

[0057] S105, issue a warning signal when the change trend of the feature model exceeds the allowable range.

[0058] Specifically, in step S101, the monitoring terminal scans the surrounding environment at a set frequency. The purpose of setting the frequency is to enable the monitoring terminal to automatically monitor the internal conditions of the foundation pit within its coverage area. The set frequency can be once every fifteen minutes or once every thirty minutes.

[0059] After the scanning signal is sent, the monitoring terminal will establish N echo points in each direction based on the scanning echo, where N≥1 and is a natural number. The generation of an echo point means that there is unfavorable geological conditions at that location, because the scanning signal will be reflected at the unfavorable geological conditions after it is sent. The reflected scanning signal is detected by the monitoring terminal, and the location where the echo point is generated can be obtained by the transmission time, reception time, and transmission direction.

[0060] It should also be noted that the scanning signal will be reflected at multiple locations along its propagation path. In other words, N echo points will be generated in the direction of the scanning signal's propagation, where N ≥ 1 and is a natural number. These echo points will all be detected by the monitoring terminal.

[0061] However, considering that the scanning signal will be uncontrollably refracted during reflection, causing the propagation path of the scanning signal to change, distance is used to limit the selection of echo points. For example, after calculating the location where the echo point is generated, the echo point will be selected based on the straight-line distance between the location of the echo point and the location of the monitoring terminal, and echo points generated beyond the allowable distance will be discarded.

[0062] Please see Figure 2 The allowable distance here refers to the monitoring range of the monitoring terminal. The monitoring range refers to the three-dimensional space (spherical) formed by the monitoring terminal as the center and the monitoring radius as the distance. Echo points generated within the three-dimensional space are retained, while echo points generated outside the three-dimensional space are discarded.

[0063] Next, step S102 is executed. In this step, the distance between any two echo points is calculated. If the distance is less than a set distance, a second scan is performed on the area where the two echo points are located. Here, the scan in step S101 can be regarded as a first scan, and the scan in step S102 can be regarded as a second scan.

[0064] The purpose of a first scan is to screen for potential locations of adverse geological conditions within the monitoring range, while the purpose of a second scan is to model the potential locations discovered during the first scan. This approach can effectively reduce the amount of data generated and processed, and also extend the battery life of the monitoring terminal.

[0065] It should be understood that the battery life of a monitoring terminal is negatively correlated with the scanning frequency and data processing volume. Furthermore, for ease of deployment, monitoring terminals are powered by batteries, which requires them to provide a longer battery life.

[0066] By combining primary and secondary scanning, the usage time or area of ​​secondary scanning can be reduced. Consequently, the monitoring terminal can provide more battery life, since secondary scanning and subsequent data processing consume more power.

[0067] The purpose of calculating the distance between any two echo points is to screen areas that may have unfavorable geological conditions. Using two echo points instead of one is to reduce the probability of false positives. This is mainly because if an area generates two echo points, the probability of unfavorable geological conditions is higher. Therefore, calculating the distance between any two echo points is used to screen areas that may have unfavorable geological conditions.

[0068] Next, step S103 is executed. In this step, the secondary scan results are filtered to obtain echo point groups, and a feature model is constructed based on the echo point groups. Here, the feature model refers to the feature model constructed based on the shape of the adverse geological conditions (in terms of echo point groups). Generally speaking, the feature model is an irregular body in three-dimensional space, composed of multiple irregular surfaces.

[0069] In step S104, multiple feature models at the same location in the time series are compared. The purpose of this comparison is to determine whether an early warning needs to be issued based on the changes in the feature models over time. Specifically, in step S105, an early warning signal is issued when the trend of change in the feature models exceeds the allowable range.

[0070] Overall, the foundation pit deformation detection method provided in this application can provide early warning of disasters during foundation pit construction. Specifically, it discovers potential adverse geological conditions through local data collection and analysis, then conducts intensive scanning of areas where adverse geological conditions may exist through dense data collection, constructs a feature model based on the data generated by the intensive scanning, compares multiple feature models at the same location in the time series, and issues an early warning signal when the change trend of the feature model exceeds the allowable range.

[0071] Because unfavorable geological conditions may exist in various states, such as stable, slightly changing, changing, and rapidly changing, stable and slightly changing states can be ignored as long as safety is not compromised. However, for changing and rapidly changing states, it is necessary to issue early warning signals in a timely manner.

[0072] After issuing an early warning signal, the necessary actions include eliminating areas with unfavorable geological conditions, evacuating personnel, and isolating areas with unfavorable geological conditions.

[0073] In some examples, please refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4 The scanning method used to scan the surrounding environment is line scanning. During line scanning, electromagnetic waves of different frequencies are used to scan the same location, and the echo points generated by electromagnetic waves of different frequencies are all placed in the same coordinate system.

[0074] Line scan means that the scanning signals emitted by the monitoring terminal are located on the same plane, which rotates during the scanning process. One complete movement of the plane uses a scanning signal of one frequency.

[0075] After the scanning process is complete, the echo points generated by electromagnetic waves of different frequencies will all be placed in the same coordinate system. This is because, for adverse geological conditions, it is impossible to determine which frequency of electromagnetic waves will produce an echo, as different frequencies of electromagnetic waves have different penetrating power.

[0076] The selection of electromagnetic wave frequency needs to be determined based on the results of previous geological exploration. For example, if multiple different geological components are found in the area, the electromagnetic wave frequency needs to be selected based on the geological components. Furthermore, a range of frequencies needs to be used, and these frequencies need to be used in both the first and second scans.

[0077] In some cases, the echo points used to calculate the distance between any two echo points are generated based on the same scan frequency. This applies to a single scan, and the main issue is that echo points generated at different scan frequencies correspond to different geological adverse conditions. Using echo points generated at different scan frequencies for calculation could lead to misjudgments and increase unnecessary computational load. This is because subsequent secondary scans will also be performed on areas where adverse geological conditions may exist.

[0078] The second scan includes the following steps:

[0079] S201, Construct a scanning range based on the positions of two echo points with a distance less than a set distance;

[0080] S202, Perform dense scanning within the scanning range;

[0081] S203, constructing an echo point group using all echo points generated by dense scanning; and

[0082] S204, construct a feature model based on echo point groups.

[0083] The second scan is performed based on the first scan. First, the scan range is constructed based on the positions of the echo points selected during the first scan. Then, a dense scan is performed within the scan range. All echo points obtained by scanning are used to construct an echo point group. Finally, the echo point group is used to construct a feature model.

[0084] contrast Figure 5 and Figure 6 The scanning range can be constructed by using the line connecting either of the two echo points to the monitoring terminal as a reference, and then determining the scanning range by fixing the scanning angle; or by using the line connecting the midpoint of the two echo points to the monitoring terminal as a reference, and then determining the scanning range by fixing the scanning angle.

[0085] Once the scanning range is determined, a dense scan is performed on the area covered by the scanning range. Then, the scanning range coverage area is adjusted according to the echo point clusters. For example, if there are still echo points at the edge of the scanning range, the scanning range at that location needs to be increased until no more dense echo points appear at the edge of the scanning range.

[0086] In some examples, constructing an echo group using all echo points generated by dense scanning involves calculating the distance between any two echo points, and retaining an echo point when the distance between an echo point and any other echo point is less than a set distance, thus obtaining an echo group.

[0087] This section presents a method for filtering echo points and obtaining echo point groups. In this method, all echo points are filtered out, and they are no longer distinguished by scanning frequency.

[0088] The feature models mentioned above include two types: edge contour models and area models. Edge contour models refer to the models formed by the edges of the feature models, where length determination is required; area models refer to the models formed by the surfaces of the feature models, where length and area determination are required.

[0089] In other words, this application uses two determination methods for the changing trend of the feature model: length and area. When the changing trend of at least one of the length or area exceeds the allowable range, a warning signal will be issued.

[0090] For edge contour models, projection onto a specified plane can be used to determine the shape, which avoids the complexity of calculating the length in three-dimensional space.

[0091] The area model is constructed as follows:

[0092] S301, group the echo points in the echo point group, with each group including multiple echo points;

[0093] S302, a first plane is constructed using a set of echo points, with gaps between adjacent first planes;

[0094] S303, using echo points belonging to the edge of the first plane to construct a second plane, the second plane filling the gaps between adjacent first planes; and

[0095] S304, the area model is obtained by merging the edges of the first and second planes.

[0096] Specifically, in step S301, the echo points in the echo point group are first grouped, and then a first plane is constructed using a group of echo points (multiple). At this time, multiple first planes will appear, and there are gaps between adjacent first planes. Then, the echo points belonging to the edge of the first plane are used to construct a second plane to fill these gaps. Finally, the edges of the first plane and the second plane are merged.

[0097] Multi-plane (first plane and second plane) fusion helps reduce data calculation errors because it reduces the edge fusion area, thereby reducing the area change caused by edge fusion.

[0098] This application also provides a disaster early warning device for foundation pit construction, including:

[0099] The first scanning unit is used to scan the surrounding environment according to a set frequency, and to establish N echo points in each direction based on the scan echoes, where N≥1 and is a natural number.

[0100] The processing unit is used to calculate the distance between any two echo points, and when the distance is less than a set distance, to perform a second scan on the area where the two echo points are located.

[0101] The first model building unit is used to filter the secondary scanning results, obtain echo point groups, and build a feature model based on the echo point groups.

[0102] The comparison unit is used to compare multiple feature models from the same time series location; and

[0103] The early warning unit is used to issue an early warning signal when the changing trend of the feature model exceeds the allowable range.

[0104] Furthermore, the scanning method used when scanning the surrounding environment is line scanning. During the line scanning process, electromagnetic waves of different frequencies are used to scan the same location.

[0105] The echo points generated by electromagnetic waves of different frequencies are all placed in the same coordinate system.

[0106] Furthermore, the echo points used to calculate the distance between any two echo points are generated based on the same scanning frequency.

[0107] Furthermore, it also includes:

[0108] The first building unit is used to build a scanning range based on the positions of two echo points with a distance less than a set distance.

[0109] The second scanning unit is used to perform dense scanning within the scanning range;

[0110] The second building unit is used to construct an echo point group using all echo points generated by dense scanning; and

[0111] The second model building unit is used to build a feature model based on the echo point group.

[0112] Furthermore, constructing an echo point group using all echo points generated by dense scanning includes calculating the distance between any two echo points. When the distance between an echo point and any other echo point is less than a set distance, the echo point is retained to obtain the echo point group.

[0113] Furthermore, the feature model includes edge contour model and area model.

[0114] Furthermore, it also includes:

[0115] Grouping unit, used to group echo points in echo point group, each group including multiple echo points;

[0116] The third building unit is used to construct a first plane using a set of echo points, with gaps between adjacent first planes;

[0117] The fourth building unit is used to construct a second plane using echo points belonging to the edge of the first plane, the second plane filling the gaps between adjacent first planes; and

[0118] The fusion unit is used to merge the edges of the first and second planes to obtain the area model.

[0119] In one example, the unit in any of the above devices may be one or more integrated circuits configured to implement the above methods, such as one or more application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), or one or more digital signal processors (DSPs), or one or more field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), or a combination of at least two of these integrated circuit forms.

[0120] For example, when the units in the device can be implemented through a processing element scheduler, the processing element can be a general-purpose processor, such as a central processing unit (CPU) or other processor capable of calling programs. Alternatively, these units can be integrated together to form a system-on-a-chip (SOC).

[0121] In this application, various objects such as messages / information / devices / network elements / systems / apparatus / actions / operations / processes / concepts may be named. It is understood that these specific names do not constitute a limitation on the relevant objects. The names may be changed depending on the scenario, context, or usage habits. The understanding of the technical meaning of the technical terms in this application should be mainly determined from their functions and technical effects embodied / performed in the technical solution.

[0122] Those skilled in the art will understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working processes of the systems, devices, and units described above can be referred to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0123] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, apparatuses, and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for instance, the division of units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interfaces; the indirect coupling or communication connection between apparatuses or units may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0124] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0125] Those skilled in the art will recognize that the units and algorithm steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

[0126] It should also be understood that in the various embodiments of this application, the terms "first," "second," etc., are merely to indicate that multiple objects are different. For example, a first time window and a second time window are only to indicate different time windows. They should not have any effect on the time windows themselves, and the aforementioned terms "first," "second," etc., should not impose any limitations on the embodiments of this application.

[0127] It should also be understood that, in the various embodiments of this application, unless otherwise specified or in case of logical conflict, the terms and / or descriptions between different embodiments are consistent and can be referenced by each other, and the technical features in different embodiments can be combined to form new embodiments according to their inherent logical relationships.

[0128] If the aforementioned functions are implemented as software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or a portion of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a computer-readable storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of this application. The aforementioned computer-readable storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0129] This application also provides a foundation pit deformation detection system, the system comprising:

[0130] This application also provides one or more memories for storing instructions; and

[0131] One or more processors are configured to retrieve and execute the instructions from the memory, performing the methods described above.

[0132] This application also provides a computer program product including instructions that, when executed, cause the foundation pit deformation detection system to perform operations corresponding to the above-described method.

[0133] This application also provides a chip system including a processor for implementing the functions involved in the above description, such as generating, receiving, transmitting, or processing the data and / or information involved in the above methods.

[0134] This chip system can consist of chips or include chips and other discrete components.

[0135] The processor mentioned above can be a CPU, a microprocessor, an ASIC, or one or more integrated circuits that execute a program to control the method of transmitting the feedback information described above.

[0136] In one possible design, the chip system also includes a memory for storing necessary program instructions and data. The processor and the memory can be decoupled and located on different devices, connected via wired or wireless means to support the chip system in implementing the various functions described in the above embodiments. Alternatively, the processor and the memory can also be coupled to the same device.

[0137] Optionally, the computer instructions are stored in memory.

[0138] Optionally, the memory can be a storage unit within the chip, such as a register or cache. Alternatively, the memory can be a storage unit located outside the chip within the terminal, such as a ROM or other types of static storage devices that can store static information and instructions, such as RAM.

[0139] It is understood that the memory in this application may be volatile memory or non-volatile memory, or may include both volatile and non-volatile memory.

[0140] Non-volatile memory can be ROM, programmable read-only memory (PROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), or flash memory.

[0141] Volatile memory can be RAM, which is used as an external cache. There are many different types of RAM, such as static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), synchronous dynamic random access memory (SDRAM), double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory (DDR SDRAM), enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory (ESDRAM), synchronous link dynamic random access memory (SLDRAM), and direct memory bus random access memory.

[0142] The embodiments described in this specific implementation are preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A method for detecting deformation of a foundation pit, characterized in that, include: The surrounding environment is scanned according to a set frequency, and N echo points are established in each direction based on the scan echoes, where N≥1 and is a natural number. The echo points are filtered according to the straight-line distance between the location of the generated echo point and the location of the monitoring terminal, and echo points generated beyond the allowable distance are discarded. Calculate the distance between any two echo points. If the distance is less than a set distance, perform a second scan on the area where the two echo points are located. The results of the secondary scan are filtered to obtain echo point clusters, and a feature model is constructed based on the echo point clusters. Compare multiple feature models on the time series at the same location; as well as A warning signal is issued when the trend of change in the feature model exceeds the allowable range.

2. The method for detecting foundation pit deformation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The scanning method used when scanning the surrounding environment is line scanning. During line scanning, electromagnetic waves of different frequencies are used to scan the same location. The echo points generated by electromagnetic waves of different frequencies are all placed in the same coordinate system.

3. The method for detecting foundation pit deformation according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The echo points used to calculate the distance between any two echo points are generated based on the same scanning frequency.

4. The method for detecting foundation pit deformation according to claim 1, characterized in that, Performing a second scan includes: The scanning range is constructed based on the positions of two echo points that are less than a set distance apart; Perform intensive scanning within the scanning range; Construct an echo point group using all echo points generated by dense scanning; and A feature model is constructed based on the echo point group.

5. The method for detecting foundation pit deformation according to claim 4, characterized in that, Constructing an echo point group using all echo points generated by dense scanning involves calculating the distance between any two echo points. When the distance between an echo point and any other echo point is less than a set distance, the echo point is retained, resulting in an echo point group.

6. The method for detecting foundation pit deformation according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that, Feature models include edge contour models and area models.

7. The method for detecting foundation pit deformation according to claim 6, characterized in that, The construction of the area model includes: The echo points in the echo point group are grouped into multiple echo points in each group. A first plane is constructed using a set of echo points, with gaps between adjacent first planes; A second plane is constructed using echo points belonging to the edges of the first plane, and this second plane fills the gaps between adjacent first planes; and The area model is obtained by merging the edges of the first and second planes.

8. A disaster early warning device for foundation pit construction, characterized in that, include: The first scanning unit is used to scan the surrounding environment according to a set frequency, and to establish N echo points in each direction based on the scan echoes, where N≥1 and is a natural number. The echo points are then filtered based on the straight-line distance between the location of the generated echo point and the location of the monitoring terminal, and echo points generated beyond the allowable distance are discarded. The processing unit is used to calculate the distance between any two echo points, and when the distance is less than a set distance, to perform a second scan on the area where the two echo points are located. The first model building unit is used to filter the secondary scanning results, obtain echo point groups, and build a feature model based on the echo point groups. The comparison unit is used to compare multiple feature models on the same time series at the same location; as well as The early warning unit is used to issue an early warning signal when the changing trend of the feature model exceeds the allowable range.

9. A foundation pit deformation detection system, characterized in that, The system includes: One or more memories for storing instructions; and One or more processors are configured to retrieve and execute the instructions from the memory to perform the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium includes: The program, when run by a processor, executes the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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