A titanium alloy auxiliary heat source stirring welding device and method

Abstract

This invention provides a titanium alloy auxiliary heat source stirring welding device and method, including a stirring head and an auxiliary heat source. The stirring head is used for welding plates, and the auxiliary heat source is located in front of the stirring head to heat the area of ​​the plate to be welded. The stirring head includes a shoulder and a stirring pin. The stirring pin is located on the lower end face of the shoulder, and the lower end face of the shoulder is provided with an arc-shaped groove to increase the contact area between the shoulder and the plate. The surface of the stirring pin is provided with a spiral side groove, and the lower part is provided with a groove to increase the contact area between the stirring pin and the plate. The titanium alloy auxiliary heat source stirring welding device and method described in this application can improve the metal fluidity of the titanium alloy in the welding area, reduce the resistance during the welding process, improve the quality of the weld joint, and reduce the wear of the stirring head.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of welding, and more specifically, to a titanium alloy auxiliary heat source stirring welding apparatus and method. Background Technology

[0002] In manufacturing, welding is a key forming process for structural components. Among them, friction stir welding has become one of the research hotspots in lightweight structural material welding due to its good practicality, reliability and economy, and it is widely used in the field of titanium alloy welding.

[0003] Currently, when using friction stir welding to weld medium and thick titanium alloy plates, the following drawbacks still exist: insufficient fluidity of the metal in the welding area leads to weak connections, tunnels, and other forming defects in the joint, resulting in a decrease in the quality of the welded joint, and severe wear of the stirring head. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention aims to provide a titanium alloy auxiliary heat source stirring welding device and method to solve the problems of insufficient metal fluidity in the welding area, reduced weld joint quality, and severe wear of the stirring head when welding medium and thick titanium alloy materials by friction stir welding in the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is implemented as follows:

[0006] A titanium alloy auxiliary heat source stirring welding device includes a stirring head and an auxiliary heat source. The stirring head is used to weld plates, and the auxiliary heat source is located in front of the stirring head to heat the area of ​​the plate to be welded.

[0007] The stirring head includes a shoulder and a stirring pin. The stirring pin is disposed on the lower end face of the shoulder. The lower end face of the shoulder is provided with an arc-shaped groove to increase the contact area between the shoulder and the plate. The surface of the stirring pin is provided with a spiral side groove and the lower part is provided with a groove to increase the contact area between the stirring pin and the plate.

[0008] The titanium alloy auxiliary heat source stirring welding device described in this application can improve the metal fluidity of titanium alloy in the welding area, reduce resistance during the welding process, improve the quality of the weld joint, and reduce the wear of the stirring head.

[0009] Furthermore, if the helical angle of the helical side groove is B, then 3°≤B≤5°.

[0010] This setup increases the contact area between the stirring pin and the plate, improves the flow and filling performance of the metal, and helps to obtain a fully filled and defect-free welded joint.

[0011] Furthermore, the stirring head is made of a Co-based alloy.

[0012] It can extend the service life of the mixing head and save costs.

[0013] Furthermore, the auxiliary heat source includes a movable part and an arc heating element. The arc heating element is mounted on the movable part and is used to generate an arc to heat the area of ​​the plate to be welded. The movable part is used to control the free movement of the arc heating element.

[0014] This setup facilitates the use of auxiliary heat sources to heat the areas of the sheet metal to be welded.

[0015] Furthermore, the movable part includes a fixed component, a rotating rod, a connecting frame, and a rotating sleeve connected in sequence. One end of the fixed component is mounted on the operating table, and the other end is connected to the rotating rod, which can rotate at a certain angle along a first axis. A slide rail is provided on the connecting frame, and the rotating sleeve is mounted on the slide rail and can move along the slide rail. The rotating sleeve can rotate at a certain angle along a second axis. A telescopic rod is provided inside the rotating sleeve, and the telescopic rod can freely extend and retract within the rotating sleeve. The arc heating element is mounted on the telescopic rod.

[0016] This setup allows the arc heating element to move freely, providing a greater degree of freedom and facilitating the heating of the area to be welded on the plate 100, thus simplifying welding operations.

[0017] Furthermore, if the angle between the rotating sleeve and the upper surface of the plate is D, then -30°≤D≤60°.

[0018] This setup allows for easy adjustment of the heating zone of the sheet material.

[0019] Furthermore, a temperature probe is installed on the telescopic rod, which is used to detect the temperature of the heating area of ​​the plate in real time.

[0020] This setup facilitates control of the heating temperature of the plate's welding area, thereby improving the welding quality of the weld joint.

[0021] Furthermore, it also includes a gas protection device, which includes a first gas nozzle and a second gas nozzle. The first gas nozzle is disposed between the stirring head and the auxiliary heat source and is used to spray protective gas onto the heated area of ​​the plate. The second gas nozzle is disposed behind the stirring head and is used to spray protective gas onto the welded area of ​​the plate.

[0022] This setup can prevent the molten metal from being affected by external impurities and gases during the welding process, thus improving the welding quality.

[0023] A welding method using the above-mentioned welding apparatus includes the following steps:

[0024] Step 1: Before welding, measure the thickness H of the plate and adjust the relative positions of the arc heating element, stirring head and weld according to the range of H;

[0025] Step 2: If H≤8mm, both the stirring pin and the arc heating element are placed at the upper end of the weld. If H>8mm, the stirring pin is placed on one side of the weld, and the arc heating element is placed on the other side of the weld.

[0026] Step 3: During welding, first use an auxiliary heat source to heat the area of ​​the board to be welded. When the temperature of the board area to be welded reaches the set temperature, then weld using a stirring head.

[0027] Step 4: During the welding process, the moving speed of the auxiliary heat source and gas protection device is consistent with the welding speed.

[0028] This method can increase the melting area of ​​titanium alloy plates, enhance the fluidity of titanium alloy metal in the welding area, and improve the quality of welded joints.

[0029] Furthermore, in step 1, the distance L between the arc heating element and the stirring pin is adjusted according to the thickness H of the plate and the welding power P;

[0030] If H≤8mm and P≤800w, then L≤10mm;

[0031] If H≤8mm and P>800w, then L>10mm;

[0032] If H > 8mm and P ≤ 1000w, then L ≤ 10mm;

[0033] If H > 8mm and P > 1000w, then L > 10mm.

[0034] This control method can enhance the fluidity of the metal in the welding area, improve the welding quality of the sheet metal, and also increase the welding speed.

[0035] Furthermore, in step 2, when H > 8 mm, the distance between the first parallel line of the arc heating element and the second parallel line of the stirring needle is X, where 1 mm ≤ X ≤ 5 mm.

[0036] This setting can increase the area of ​​the welding zone and enhance the welding strength of the plate when the plate is thick.

[0037] Compared with the prior art, the titanium alloy auxiliary heat source stirring welding device and method of the present invention have the following advantages: it can improve the metal fluidity of titanium alloy in the welding area, reduce the resistance in the welding process, improve the quality of the weld joint, and reduce the wear of the stirring head. Attached Figure Description

[0038] Figure 1This is a first-view structural schematic diagram of the welding apparatus described in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the welding apparatus described in an embodiment of the present invention from a second perspective;

[0040] Figure 3 This is a structural schematic diagram of the welding device described in an embodiment of the present invention from a third perspective;

[0041] Figure 4 This is a structural schematic diagram of the welding device described in an embodiment of the present invention from a fourth perspective;

[0042] Figure 5 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the auxiliary heat source 2;

[0043] Figure 6 for Figure 5 A magnified schematic diagram of the partial structure at point A in the middle;

[0044] Figure 7 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the stirring head 1;

[0045] Figure 8 for Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure of the stirring head 1 from another perspective.

[0046] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0047] 1. Stirring head; 11. Shoulder; 111. Arc groove; 12. Stirring needle; 121. Spiral side groove; 122. Groove; 2. Auxiliary heat source; 21. Moving part; 210. Operating table; 211. Fixing part; 212. Rotating rod; 213. Connecting frame; 2130. Slide rail; 214. Rotating sleeve; 215. Telescopic rod; 22. Arc heating element; 220. Arc; 300. Weld; 301. First axis; 302. Second axis; 4. Gas protection device; 41. First gas nozzle; 42. Second gas nozzle; 5. Temperature probe; 100. Plate; 101. First parallel line; 102. Second parallel line. Detailed Implementation

[0048] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0049] Example 1

[0050] like Figures 1-8As shown, a titanium alloy auxiliary heat source stirring welding device includes a stirring head 1 and an auxiliary heat source 2. The stirring head 1 is used to weld a plate 100, and the auxiliary heat source 2 is arranged in front of the stirring head 1 to heat the area of ​​the plate 100 to be welded.

[0051] The stirring head 1 includes a shoulder 11 and a stirring pin 12. The stirring pin 12 is disposed on the lower end face of the shoulder 11. The lower end face of the shoulder 11 is provided with an arc-shaped groove 111 to increase the contact area between the shoulder 11 and the plate 100. The surface of the stirring pin 12 is provided with a spiral side groove 121, and the lower part is provided with a groove 122 to increase the contact area between the stirring pin 12 and the plate 100.

[0052] The titanium alloy auxiliary heat source stirring welding device described in this application heats the area to be welded of the plate 100 by setting an auxiliary heat source 2, which can enhance the metal fluidity of the titanium alloy in the area to be welded of the plate 100. By setting an arc groove 111 on the lower end face of the shoulder 11, a spiral side groove 121 on the surface of the stirring pin 12, and a groove 122 at the bottom, the friction area between the stirring head 1 and the plate 100 can be increased, and the space for accommodating metal can be increased. This setting can improve the metal fluidity of the titanium alloy in the welding area, reduce the resistance in the welding process, improve the quality of the welded joint, and reduce the wear of the stirring head.

[0053] As a preferred example of the present invention, the helical angle of the helical side groove 121 is B, then 3°≤B≤5°.

[0054] Specifically, this setup increases the contact area between the stirring pin 12 and the plate 100, improves the flow and filling performance of the metal, and helps to obtain a fully filled and defect-free welded joint.

[0055] As a preferred example of the present invention, the stirring head 1 is made of a Co-based alloy.

[0056] Specifically, Co-based alloys have the advantages of high temperature resistance and wear resistance, which can extend the service life of stirring head 1 and save costs.

[0057] As a preferred example of the present invention, the auxiliary heat source 2 includes a movable part 21 and an arc heating element 22. The arc heating element 22 is mounted on the movable part 21 and is used to generate an arc 220 to heat the area of ​​the plate 100 to be welded. The movable part 21 is used to control the free movement of the arc heating element 22.

[0058] Specifically, this setup facilitates the use of auxiliary heat source 2 to heat the area of ​​plate 100 to be welded.

[0059] As a preferred example of the present invention, the movable part 21 includes a fixing member 211, a rotating rod 212, a connecting frame 213, and a rotating sleeve 214 connected in sequence. One end of the fixing member 211 is mounted on the operating table 210, and the other end is connected to the rotating rod 212. The rotating rod 212 can rotate 360° along the first axis 301. A slide rail 2130 is provided on the connecting frame 213, and the rotating sleeve 214 is mounted on the slide rail 2130 and can move along the slide rail 2130. The rotating sleeve 214 can rotate 360° along the second axis 302. A telescopic rod 215 is provided inside the rotating sleeve 214, and the telescopic rod 215 can freely extend and retract within the rotating sleeve 214. The arc heating element 22 is mounted on the telescopic rod 215.

[0060] Specifically, the first axis 301 is the central axis of the rotating rod 212, and the second axis 302 is the central axis of the rotating sleeve 214. This arrangement allows the arc heating element 22 to move freely and has a large degree of freedom, which facilitates heating the area to be welded on the plate 100 and makes welding easier.

[0061] As a preferred example of the present invention, the angle between the rotating sleeve 214 and the upper surface of the plate 100 is D, then -30°≤D≤60°.

[0062] Specifically, this setup facilitates adjustment of the heating zone of the plate 100.

[0063] As a preferred example of the present invention, a temperature probe 5 is provided on the telescopic rod 215, and the temperature probe 5 is used to detect the temperature of the heating area of ​​the plate 100 in real time.

[0064] Specifically, this setting facilitates control of the heating temperature of the plate 100 to be welded area, thereby improving the welding quality of the weld joint.

[0065] Preferably, the temperature probe is an infrared thermometer.

[0066] As a preferred example of the present invention, a gas protection device 4 is also included. The gas protection device 4 includes a first gas nozzle 41 and a second gas nozzle 42. The first gas nozzle 41 is disposed between the stirring head 1 and the auxiliary heat source 2 and is used to spray protective gas onto the heating area of ​​the plate 100. The second gas nozzle 42 is disposed behind the stirring head 1 and is used to spray protective gas onto the welded area of ​​the plate 100.

[0067] Specifically, this setup can prevent the molten metal from being affected by external impurities and gases during the welding process, thereby improving the welding quality.

[0068] Preferably, the protective gas is argon with a purity of 99.999% and a flow rate of 10–30 L / min.

[0069] A welding method using the above-mentioned welding apparatus includes the following steps:

[0070] Step 1: Before welding, measure the thickness H of the plate 100, and adjust the relative positions of the arc heating element 22, the stirring head 1 and the weld 300 according to the range of H;

[0071] Step 2: If H≤8mm, both the stirring pin 12 and the arc heating element 22 are set at the upper end of the weld 300. If H>8mm, the stirring pin 12 is set on one side of the weld 300 and the arc heating element 22 is set on the other side of the weld 300.

[0072] Step 3: During welding, the auxiliary heat source 2 is used to heat the area of ​​the plate 100 to be welded. When the temperature of the plate 100 in the area to be welded reaches the set temperature, welding is performed by stirring head 1.

[0073] Step 4: During the welding process, the moving speed of the auxiliary heat source 2 and the gas protection device 4 is the same as the welding speed.

[0074] Specifically, when the thickness H of the titanium alloy plate 100 is greater than 8 mm, the stirring pin 12 is placed on one side of the weld 300 and the arc heating element 22 is placed on the other side of the weld 300. This method can expand the melting area of ​​the titanium alloy plate 100, enhance the fluidity of the titanium alloy metal in the welding area, and improve the quality of the weld joint.

[0075] As a preferred example of the present invention, in step 1, the distance L between the arc heating element 22 and the stirring pin 12 is adjusted according to the thickness H of the plate 100 and the welding power P;

[0076] If H≤8mm and P≤800w, then L≤10mm;

[0077] If H≤8mm and P>800w, then L>10mm;

[0078] If H > 8mm and P ≤ 1000w, then L ≤ 10mm;

[0079] If H > 8mm and P > 1000w, then L > 10mm.

[0080] Specifically, this control method can enhance the fluidity of the metal in the welding area, improve the welding quality of the sheet metal, and also increase the welding speed.

[0081] As a preferred example of the present invention, in step 2, when H > 8 mm, the distance between the first parallel line 101 of the arc heating element 22 and the second parallel line 102 of the stirring needle 12 is X, where 1 mm ≤ X ≤ 5 mm.

[0082] Specifically, the projection of the arc heating element 22 on the upper surface of the plate 100 is symmetrical about the left and right relative to the first parallel line 101, and the projection of the stirring head 1 on the upper surface of the plate 100 is symmetrical about the left and right relative to the second parallel line 102. The first parallel line 101 is located on the left side of the weld 300, and the second parallel line 102 is located on the right side of the weld 300. The greater the thickness of the plate 100, the larger the value of X. This setting can expand the area of ​​the welding zone and enhance the welding strength of the plate 100 when the thickness of the plate 100 is large.

[0083] In summary, the titanium alloy auxiliary heat source stirring welding device and method described in this application have the following advantages: 1. By setting an auxiliary heat source 2 to heat the area to be welded of the plate 100, the metal fluidity of the titanium alloy in the area to be welded of the plate 100 can be enhanced; 2. By setting an arc groove 111 on the lower end face of the shoulder 11, a spiral side groove 121 on the surface of the stirring pin 12, and a groove 122 at the bottom, the friction area between the stirring head 1 and the plate 100 can be increased, and the space for accommodating metal can be increased. This setting can improve the metal fluidity of the titanium alloy in the welding area, reduce the resistance during the welding process, improve the quality of the welded joint, and reduce the wear of the stirring head 1.

[0084] While the present invention has been disclosed above, it is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can make various modifications and alterations without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention; therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope defined in the claims.

Claims

1. A titanium alloy auxiliary heat source stirring welding device, characterized in that, It includes a stirring head (1) and an auxiliary heat source (2). The stirring head (1) is used to weld the plate (100), and the auxiliary heat source (2) is located in front of the stirring head (1) to heat the area of ​​the plate (100) to be welded. The stirring head (1) includes a shoulder (11) and a stirring pin (12). The stirring pin (12) is disposed on the lower end face of the shoulder (11). The lower end face of the shoulder (11) is provided with an arc groove (111) to increase the contact area between the shoulder (11) and the plate (100). The surface of the stirring pin (12) is provided with a spiral side groove (121), and the lower part is provided with a groove (122) to increase the contact area between the stirring pin (12) and the plate (100). The auxiliary heat source (2) includes a movable part (21) and an electric arc heating element (22). The electric arc heating element (22) is installed on the movable part (21). 1) On the plate (100), an electric arc (220) is used to heat the area to be welded by the plate (220). The movable part (21) is used to control the free movement of the electric arc heating element (22). The movable part (21) includes a fixed part (211), a rotating rod (212), a connecting frame (213) and a rotating sleeve (214) connected in sequence. One end of the fixed part (211) is installed on the operating table (210) and the other end is connected to the rotating rod (212). The rotating rod (212) can rotate 360° along the first axis (301). The first axis (301) is the central axis of the rotating rod (212). The connecting frame (213) is provided with a slide rail (2130), and the rotating sleeve (214) is mounted on the slide rail (2130) and can move along the slide rail (2130); The rotating sleeve (214) can rotate 360° along the second axis (302), which is the central axis of the rotating sleeve (214); The rotating sleeve (214) is provided with a telescopic rod (215), which can freely extend and retract within the rotating sleeve (214); The electric arc heating element (22) is mounted on the telescopic rod (215).

2. The titanium alloy auxiliary heat source stirring welding device according to claim 1, characterized in that, If the helical angle of the helical side groove (121) is B, then 3°≤B≤5°.

3. The titanium alloy auxiliary heat source stirring welding device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A temperature probe (5) is provided on the telescopic rod (215), and the temperature probe (5) is used to detect the temperature of the heating area of ​​the plate (100) in real time.

4. The titanium alloy auxiliary heat source stirring welding device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The angle between the rotating sleeve (214) and the upper surface of the plate (100) is D, then -30°≤D≤60°.

5. The titanium alloy auxiliary heat source stirring welding device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a gas protection device (4), which includes a first gas nozzle (41) and a second gas nozzle (42). The first gas nozzle (41) is disposed between the stirring head (1) and the auxiliary heat source (2) for spraying protective gas onto the heating area of ​​the plate (100). The second gas nozzle (42) is disposed behind the stirring head (1) for spraying protective gas onto the welded area of ​​the plate (100).

6. A method for assisted heat source stirring welding of titanium alloys, using the welding apparatus described in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, Including the following steps: Step 1: Before welding, measure the thickness H of the plate (100) and adjust the relative positions of the arc heating element (22), the stirring head (1) and the weld (300) according to the range of H; Step 2: If H≤8mm, the stirring needle (12) and the arc heating element (22) are both set at the upper end of the weld (300). If H>8mm, the stirring needle (12) is set on one side of the weld (300) and the arc heating element (22) is set on the other side of the weld (300). Step 3: During welding, the auxiliary heat source (2) is used to heat the area of ​​the plate (100) to be welded. When the temperature of the plate (100) to be welded reaches the set temperature, welding is performed by stirring head (1). Step 4: During the welding process, the moving speed of the auxiliary heat source (2) and the gas protection device (4) is consistent with the welding speed.

7. The welding method according to claim 6, characterized in that, In step 1, the distance L between the arc heating element (22) and the stirring needle (12) is adjusted according to the thickness H of the plate (100) and the welding power P; If H≤8mm and P≤800w, then L≤10mm; If H≤8mm and P>800w, then L>10mm; If H > 8mm and P ≤ 1000w, then L ≤ 10mm; If H > 8mm and P > 1000w, then L > 10mm.

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