Self-operated cryogenic liquid / gas tee safety switching valve

Abstract

The application discloses a self-powered low-temperature liquid / gas tee joint safety switching valve and relates to the field of safety switching valve equipment.The application comprises a switching part, the switching part is divided into an input cavity and an output cavity which are in communication with each other by a partition, a through hole is arranged on the partition and is used for connecting the input cavity and the output cavity, the input cavity is connected with a liquid-phase input mechanism and a switching mechanism, the output cavity is connected with a material output mechanism and a gas-phase input mechanism, a switching end of the switching mechanism is arranged in the output cavity, and the upper and lower end faces of the switching end of the switching mechanism are respectively in abutment with a gas outlet end of the gas-phase input mechanism or the through hole on the partition, a bellows is arranged in the switching mechanism, a connecting rod fixed section for connecting the switching end is arranged in the bellows, the bellows is connected with the input cavity, the liquid-phase input mechanism is connected with a liquid-phase side of a low-temperature liquid oxygen tank, and the gas-phase input mechanism is connected with a gas-phase side of the low-temperature liquid oxygen tank, so that the safety pressure regulation of the low-temperature liquid oxygen tank during the gas supply process is realized without affecting the normal material supply and without wasting the material.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of safety switching valve equipment, specifically, a self-operated cryogenic liquid / gas three-way safety switching valve. Background Technology

[0002] In an oxygen supply system, liquid oxygen is stored in a liquid oxygen tank. The liquid oxygen is released through pipelines, vaporized in a vaporization chamber, and then output to the user side. With a fixed output of liquid oxygen from the tank, when the user's oxygen consumption is high, the vaporized liquid oxygen can be fully utilized, and the pressure in the tank remains normal. However, when the user's oxygen consumption decreases, and the amount of liquid oxygen vaporized far exceeds the user's consumption, vaporized oxygen can easily backflow into the tank, causing an increase in pressure. A common procedure is to open the tank's safety valve when the pressure exceeds a safety threshold, regulating the pressure to a safe range and preventing the tank from exploding.

[0003] This would result in a significant waste of oxygen under normal operating conditions. Therefore, a novel three-way valve was designed to utilize the force of the medium within the entire gas supply system to quickly switch the connection state of the three-way switching valve, thereby regulating the pressure in the liquid oxygen tank without wasting oxygen and ensuring normal oxygen supply.

[0004] For existing technologies, such as patent application CN211820851U, an economic throttle valve is disclosed, including a valve body, a valve cover, a valve stem, a spring, and a cylinder. One end of the piston of the cylinder is connected to the valve stem, and the other end of the piston is fixedly connected to a transmission rod. A soft magnet and a magnetic steel are sequentially sleeved on the transmission rod from top to bottom. The magnetic steel is slidably connected to the transmission rod, the soft magnet is threadedly connected to the transmission rod, and the magnetic steel is fixedly connected to the cylinder body. A lower spring seat and a spring are sleeved on the valve cover. The lower spring seat is threadedly connected to the valve cover. One end of the spring contacts the end face of the lower spring seat, and the other end of the spring is provided with an upper spring seat, which is fixedly connected to the piston. Because of the attraction between the soft magnet and the magnet, the magnet is fixed to the cylinder body, and the soft magnet is threadedly connected to the transmission rod, the attraction between the soft magnet and the magnet forces the transmission rod to push the piston downward, giving the piston a downward preload. This provides assistance for the air pressure required to push the piston, reducing the required gas pressure, saving energy for the car and improving economic efficiency. At the same time, the threaded connection between the soft magnet and the transmission rod allows the position of the soft magnet on the transmission rod to be changed by twisting the soft magnet, thereby changing the distance between the soft magnet and the magnet, and thus changing the attraction between the soft magnet and the magnet. This allows the throttle valve to adjust the preload thrust of the piston.

[0005] It cannot automatically switch the flow path based on changes in the pressure of the medium inside the three-way valve. Therefore, this application provides a novel three-way switching valve, where the first end of the three-way valve is used to input liquid oxygen as the liquid phase end, the second end is connected to the gas phase side above the liquid oxygen tank as the gas phase end, and the third end of the three-way valve is connected to the user side as the user end, outputting liquid oxygen from the liquid oxygen tank. When the pressure inside the liquid oxygen tank increases as described above, the switching mechanism disconnects the liquid phase end of the three-way valve from the user end, allowing the gas inside the liquid oxygen tank to connect to the user side through the gas phase end of the three-way valve, using the backflow of oxygen to supply oxygen to the user end. On the one hand, the sensitive response speed improves the safety of the liquid oxygen tank; on the other hand, it avoids the waste of oxygen caused during the venting process of the liquid oxygen tank. The backflow of oxygen that causes the increase in gas pressure inside the liquid oxygen tank is utilized and supplied to the user end for use. When the pressure inside the liquid oxygen tank drops to within the safe threshold, the gas phase end of the three-way valve disconnects from the user end, while the liquid phase end reconnects to the user end, thus continuing to supply oxygen to the user end through the vaporization of liquid oxygen. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a self-operated cryogenic liquid / gas three-way safety switching valve to achieve safe pressure regulation of the cryogenic liquid oxygen tank during the gas supply process without affecting normal material supply or wasting material.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention employs the following technical means:

[0008] A self-operated cryogenic liquid / gas three-way safety switching valve includes a switching section, wherein the switching section is divided into an input chamber and an output chamber that are interconnected by a partition, and the partition is provided with a through hole for connecting the input chamber and the output chamber;

[0009] The input cavity is connected to a liquid phase input mechanism and a switching mechanism;

[0010] The output cavity is connected to a material output mechanism and a gas phase input mechanism;

[0011] The switching end of the switching mechanism is located inside the output cavity, and the upper and lower end faces of the switching end of the switching mechanism abut against the gas outlet end of the gas phase input mechanism or the through hole on the partition, respectively.

[0012] The switching mechanism is equipped with a bellows, and the connecting rod for connecting the switching end is fixedly located inside the bellows. The bellows is in communication with the input cavity.

[0013] The liquid phase input mechanism is connected to the liquid phase side of the cryogenic liquid oxygen tank;

[0014] The gas phase input mechanism is connected to the gas phase side of the cryogenic liquid oxygen tank.

[0015] Preferably, the switching mechanism includes a support plate, a fixed tube, a movable mechanism, and a positioning cover;

[0016] The support plate is provided with a connecting pipe, one end of which is connected to the switching part and communicates with the input cavity, and the other end is communicated with the bellows.

[0017] The fixing tube is located on the side of the bearing plate opposite to the switching part;

[0018] The movable mechanism is located inside the fixed tube, and the movable mechanism includes the bellows, the switching end, and the connecting rod.

[0019] The positioning cover is connected to the end of the fixed tube away from the switching part, and the side of the positioning cover facing the switching part is magnetically detachably connected to the end of the movable mechanism away from the switching part.

[0020] Furthermore, the activity mechanism also includes:

[0021] A substrate, which is sandwiched between the support plate and the fixing tube;

[0022] A sliding sleeve, which is slidably disposed inside the fixed tube;

[0023] A compression spring, which is sleeved outside the sliding sleeve;

[0024] The fixed tube, the sliding sleeve, the compression spring, the bellows, and the connecting rod are arranged coaxially.

[0025] The sliding sleeve includes a sliding post that passes vertically through the fixed tube and a receiving tube located at the bottom of the sliding post inside the fixed tube. The top end of the sliding post is magnetically detachably connected to the positioning cover. The corrugated tube is located inside the receiving tube, and both ends of the corrugated tube are respectively connected to the top wall of the receiving tube and the top surface of the base plate. The top end of the connecting rod passes coaxially through the corrugated tube and is connected to the top wall of the receiving tube. The bottom end of the connecting rod passes through the through hole and is connected to the switching end.

[0026] The outer wall of the receiving tube is coaxially provided with a receiving ring, and the two ends of the compression spring abut against the top surface of the receiving ring and the top wall of the fixing tube, respectively.

[0027] The top side of the fixed tube is provided with a positioning plate for limiting the sliding column, and the top end of the compression spring abuts against the bottom surface of the positioning plate.

[0028] Furthermore, the top surface of the sliding column is equipped with a soft magnet for magnetic attraction with the positioning cover.

[0029] Furthermore, the positioning cover includes a mounting cover that is fastened to the fixing tube, and a permanent magnet is embedded in the bottom surface of the mounting cover, the permanent magnet being positioned above the soft magnet.

[0030] Furthermore, the substrate is provided with a liquid passage hole for the connecting rod to pass through, and the bottom surface of the substrate and the top surface of the support plate are sealed together by a PTFE gasket.

[0031] Furthermore, the partition includes a first inclined plate, a horizontal plate, and a second inclined plate connected in sequence;

[0032] The end of the first inclined plate opposite to the horizontal plate is connected to the side wall of the connection between the switching part and the switching mechanism, and the connection between the first inclined plate and the switching part is located near the material output mechanism. The connection between the first inclined plate and the horizontal plate is offset toward the liquid phase input mechanism, and the side of the first inclined plate facing the liquid phase input mechanism forms a first guide surface.

[0033] The end of the horizontal plate opposite to the first inclined plate extends toward the liquid phase input mechanism and is connected to the second inclined plate. The through hole is provided on the horizontal plate, and one end of the switching end abuts against the horizontal plate.

[0034] The end of the second inclined plate opposite to the horizontal plate is offset toward the liquid phase input mechanism and is connected to the inner wall of the side of the switching part that is connected to the gas phase input mechanism. The side of the second inclined plate facing the liquid phase input mechanism forms a second guide surface.

[0035] Furthermore, the switching end includes a stop block connected to the end of the connecting rod, the top area of ​​the stop block being larger than the inner diameter of the through hole, and the bottom area of ​​the stop block being larger than the inner diameter of the outlet end of the gas phase input mechanism.

[0036] Furthermore, the liquid phase input mechanism is a liquid pipe connected to the switching unit, and the axis of the liquid pipe passes horizontally through the horizontal section of the partition.

[0037] Furthermore, the switching mechanism, liquid phase input mechanism, gas phase input mechanism, and material output mechanism are arranged sequentially around the switching part in a clockwise direction.

[0038] The present invention has the following beneficial effects during use:

[0039] In use, the switching unit, as the main body of the three-way safety switching valve, is used to switch the connection status of the material output mechanism. During installation, the liquid phase input mechanism is connected to the liquid phase side of the cryogenic liquid oxygen tank, the gas phase input mechanism is connected to the gas phase side of the cryogenic liquid oxygen tank, and the material output mechanism is connected to the user side. Thus, when the user side consumes oxygen, under normal conditions, the bottom surface of the switching end of the switching mechanism seals the inlet of the gas phase input mechanism. At this time, the through hole is in the open state, and the gas phase input mechanism and the material output mechanism are in a connected state. Liquid oxygen in the cryogenic liquid oxygen tank is output from the material output mechanism through the liquid phase input mechanism, and after vaporization at the user end, it is supplied according to the user's gas consumption rate. When the user's gas consumption rate is lower than the vaporization rate of the input liquid oxygen, the vaporized oxygen flows back into the cryogenic liquid oxygen tank through the material output mechanism and the liquid phase input mechanism. The portion of the backflowed oxygen that cannot be liquefied will cause an increase in the gas phase pressure in the cryogenic liquid oxygen tank. When the pressure in the cryogenic liquid oxygen tank increases to the safety threshold, the liquid material filling the bellows simultaneously exerts pressure on the top surface of the bellows according to the increased pressure in the tank, causing the top surface to move upwards and thus lifting the switching end of the switching mechanism. After the switching end is lifted, its bottom surface disengages from the inlet of the gas phase input mechanism, and its top surface abuts against the through hole on the partition. The through hole is then sealed by the switching end, completing the entire switching process. After the switching is complete, the gas phase input mechanism and the material output mechanism are fully connected, and the material output mechanism is only connected to the material output mechanism. At this point, the gas supply to the user end is entirely provided by the gas in the gas phase side of the cryogenic liquid oxygen tank. As the pressure of the gas phase inside the cryogenic liquid oxygen tank gradually decreases to a safe level, the pressure at the top of the bellows also decreases. At this point, under the action of the switching mechanism, the length of the bellows decreases, and the top surface of the bellows moves downwards, causing the switching end to move downwards. This opens the through-hole on the partition and gradually blocks the inlet of the gas phase input mechanism. After complete blockage, the entire three-way safety switching valve returns to its initial state of complete connection between the liquid phase input mechanism and the feed output mechanism. At this point, the liquid oxygen in the cryogenic liquid oxygen tank can quickly enter the user end for vaporization.

[0040] When using the three-way safety switching valve of this invention, during the oxygen supply process, when the oxygen consumption is less than the vaporization rate of the output liquid oxygen, the switching mechanism operates to switch the supplied oxygen material from the liquid phase in the cryogenic liquid oxygen tank to the gas phase in the cryogenic liquid oxygen tank. This not only effectively reduces the pressure in the cryogenic liquid oxygen tank, avoiding oxygen waste caused by gas leakage to maintain pressure, but also ensures oxygen supply while maintaining safety through pressure relief. Furthermore, the use of a bellows device greatly improves the response speed of the switching mechanism, enhancing the overall safety and stability of the three-way safety switching valve. Attached Figure Description

[0041] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

[0042] Among them, 1-switching part, 2-partition, 201-first inclined plate, 202-horizontal plate, 203-second inclined plate, 3-input cavity, 4-output cavity, 5-through hole, 6-liquid phase input mechanism, 8-material output mechanism, 9-gas phase input mechanism, 10-switching end, 11-bellows, 12-connecting rod, 13-bearing plate, 14-fixed pipe, 15-positioning cover, 16-connecting pipe, 17-substrate, 18-sliding sleeve, 181-sliding column, 182-receiving pipe, 19-compression spring, 20-positioning plate, 21-soft magnet, 22-permanent magnet, 23-liquid passage hole. Detailed Implementation

[0043] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0044] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the invention.

[0045] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this invention can be combined with each other.

[0046] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0047] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the product of this invention is in use, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly understood by those skilled in the art. They are only used for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention. In addition, the terms "first," "second," etc., are only used to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0048] In the description of this invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "install," "connect," and "link" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0049] Please refer to Figure 1 As shown, a self-operated cryogenic liquid / gas three-way safety switching valve includes a switching part 1, which is divided into an input chamber 3 and an output chamber 4 that are interconnected by a partition 2. The partition 2 is provided with a through hole 5 for connecting the input chamber 3 and the output chamber 4.

[0050] The input cavity 3 is connected to the liquid phase input mechanism 6 and the switching mechanism;

[0051] The output cavity 4 is connected to the material output mechanism 8 and the gas phase input mechanism 9;

[0052] The switching end 10 of the switching mechanism is located in the output cavity 4, and the upper and lower end faces of the switching end 10 of the switching mechanism respectively abut against the gas outlet end of the gas phase input mechanism 9 or the through hole 5 on the partition 2.

[0053] The switching mechanism is provided with a bellows 11, and the connecting rod 12 for connecting the switching end 10 is fixedly located inside the bellows 11. The bellows 11 is connected to the input cavity 3.

[0054] The liquid phase input mechanism 6 is connected to the liquid phase side of the cryogenic liquid oxygen tank;

[0055] The gas phase input mechanism 9 is connected to the gas phase side of the cryogenic liquid oxygen tank.

[0056] Thus, during use, the switching unit 1, acting as the main body of the three-way safety switching valve, is used to switch the connection state of the material output mechanism 8. During installation, the liquid phase input mechanism 6 is connected to the liquid phase side of the cryogenic liquid oxygen tank, the gas phase input mechanism 9 is connected to the gas phase side of the cryogenic liquid oxygen tank, and the material output mechanism 8 is connected to the user side. In this way, when the user side consumes oxygen, under normal conditions, the bottom surface of the switching end 10 of the switching mechanism blocks the inlet of the gas phase input mechanism 9. At this time, the through hole 5 is in an open state, and the gas phase input mechanism 9 and the material output mechanism 8 are in a connected state. Liquid oxygen in the cryogenic liquid oxygen tank is output from the material output mechanism 8 through the liquid phase input mechanism 6, and after vaporization at the user end, it is supplied according to the user's gas consumption level. When the user's gas consumption rate is lower than the vaporization rate of the input liquid oxygen, the vaporized oxygen flows back into the cryogenic liquid oxygen tank through the material output mechanism 8 and the liquid phase input mechanism 6. The portion of the backflowed oxygen that cannot be liquefied will cause an increase in the gas phase pressure in the cryogenic liquid oxygen tank. When the pressure in the cryogenic liquid oxygen tank increases to a safe threshold, the liquid material filling the bellows 11 simultaneously applies pressure to the top surface of the bellows 11 according to the increased pressure in the cryogenic liquid oxygen tank, causing the top surface of the bellows 11 to move upward, thereby lifting the switching end 10 of the switching mechanism. After the switching end 10 is lifted, the bottom surface of the switching end 10 disengages from the inlet of the gas phase input mechanism 9, and the top surface of the aforementioned switching end 10 abuts against the through hole 5 on the partition 2. After the through hole 5 is sealed by the switching end 10, the entire switching process is completed. After the switching is completed, the gas phase input mechanism 9 and the material output mechanism 8 are in a fully connected state, and at this time the material output mechanism 8 is only connected to the material output mechanism 8. At this time, the gas supply at the user end is entirely supplied by the gas in the gas phase side of the cryogenic liquid oxygen tank. As the pressure of the gas phase inside the cryogenic liquid oxygen tank gradually decreases to a safe range, the pressure at the top of the bellows 11 also decreases. At this point, under the action of the switching mechanism, the length of the bellows 11 decreases, and the top surface of the bellows 11 moves downwards, causing the switching end 10 to move downwards. This allows the switching end 10 to open the through hole 5 on the partition 2 and gradually block the inlet of the gas phase input mechanism 9. After complete blockage, the entire three-way safety switching valve is switched back to its initial state of complete connection between the liquid phase input mechanism 6 and the material output mechanism 8. At this point, the liquid oxygen in the cryogenic liquid oxygen tank can quickly enter the user end for vaporization.

[0057] When using the three-way safety switching valve of this invention, during the oxygen supply process, when the oxygen consumption is less than the vaporization rate of the output liquid oxygen, the switching mechanism operates to switch the supplied oxygen material from the liquid phase in the cryogenic liquid oxygen tank to the gas phase in the cryogenic liquid oxygen tank. This not only effectively reduces the pressure in the cryogenic liquid oxygen tank, avoiding the waste of oxygen caused by gas leakage to maintain pressure, but also ensures the oxygen supply while maintaining safety through pressure relief. Furthermore, the use of the bellows 11 greatly improves the response speed of the switching mechanism, enhancing the overall safety and stability of the three-way safety switching valve.

[0058] Furthermore, the aforementioned switching mechanism includes a support plate 13, a fixed tube 14, a movable mechanism, and a positioning cover 15.

[0059] The support plate 13 is used to install other accessories of the switching mechanism. The fixed tube 14 is used to install the movable mechanism and the positioning cover 15. The movable mechanism is used to receive the medium pressure input in the switching part 1 to adjust the up and down movement of its switching end 10. The positioning cover 15 is used to fix the movable mechanism in the fixed tube 14.

[0060] The aforementioned support plate 13 is also provided with a connecting pipe 16. The connecting pipe 16 is used to connect the support plate 13 to the switching part 1, and also to connect the corrugated pipe 11 on the support plate 13 to the input cavity 3 in the switching part 1. At the same time, the fixed pipe 14 is detachably connected to the side of the support plate 13 facing away from the switching part 1 by bolts. All the movable mechanisms are located inside the fixed pipe 14, including the corrugated pipe 11, the switching end 10, and the connecting rod 12 for connecting the switching end 10. All the components of the aforementioned movable mechanism are located inside the fixed pipe 14.

[0061] To further optimize the switching speed of the switching end 10, the aforementioned positioning cover 15 is connected to the end of the aforementioned fixed tube 14 away from the switching part 1, and the side of the positioning cover 15 facing the switching part 1 is magnetically detached from the end of the movable mechanism away from the switching part 1. In combination with the aforementioned structure, under the action of magnetic attraction, the rigid elasticity of the bellows 11 and the liquid medium force inside the bellows 11, the switching response speed of the switching mechanism is improved, avoiding slow switching that would affect the normal use of the switching valve.

[0062] Specifically, for the aforementioned activity organizations, the activity organizations also include:

[0063] The substrate 17 is clamped between the support plate 13 and the fixing tube 14. In this embodiment, the substrate 17 can be clamped and fixed between the support plate 13 and the fixing tube 14 by using the bolts between the fixing tube 14 and the support plate 13.

[0064] The sliding sleeve 18 is slidably disposed inside the fixed tube 14. Here, the sliding sleeve 18 moves up and down together with the aforementioned corrugated tube 11.

[0065] Compression spring 19 is sleeved on the outside of sliding sleeve 18. Here, compression spring 19 is used to apply downward elastic force to sliding sleeve 18. On the one hand, it increases the pressure of switching end 10 when blocking gas phase input mechanism 9. On the other hand, it can also accelerate the contact magnetic adhesion state between the active mechanism and positioning cover 15 when switching end 10 moves downward to switch, and increase the corresponding speed.

[0066] The fixed tube 14, the sliding sleeve 18, the compression spring 19, the bellows 11, and the connecting rod 12 are arranged coaxially.

[0067] The sliding sleeve 18 includes a sliding column 181 that passes vertically through the fixed tube 14 and a receiving tube 182 located at the bottom of the sliding column 181 inside the fixed tube 14. The top end of the sliding column 181 is magnetically detachably connected to the positioning cover 15. The corrugated tube 11 is located inside the receiving tube 182. The two ends of the corrugated tube 11 are respectively connected to the top wall of the receiving tube 182 and the top surface of the base plate 17. The top end of the connecting rod 12 passes coaxially through the corrugated tube 11 and is connected to the top wall of the receiving tube 182. The bottom end of the connecting rod 12 passes through the through hole 5 and is connected to the switching end 10.

[0068] The outer wall of the receiving tube 182 is coaxially provided with a receiving ring, and the two ends of the compression spring 19 abut against the top surface of the receiving ring and the top wall of the fixing tube 14, respectively.

[0069] The top side of the fixed tube 14 is provided with a positioning plate 20 for limiting the sliding column 181, and the top end of the compression spring 19 abuts against the bottom surface of the positioning plate 20.

[0070] Furthermore, a soft magnet 21 for magnetic attraction with the positioning cover 15 is installed on the top surface of the sliding column 181.

[0071] Meanwhile, the positioning cover 15 includes a mounting cover that is fastened to the fixing tube 14. A permanent magnet 22 is embedded in the bottom surface of the mounting cover and is positioned above the soft magnet 21. Furthermore, the substrate 17 is provided with a liquid passage hole 23 for the connecting rod 12 to pass through, and the bottom surface of the substrate 17 is sealed to the top surface of the support plate 13 by a PTFE gasket.

[0072] In the aforementioned embodiment, during assembly, the compression spring 19 is pre-compressed, and the spring force generated by the aforementioned compression spring 19 is hereinafter referred to as F. 预弹After assembly, the permanent magnet 22 and the soft magnet 21 attract each other, generating a force, hereinafter referred to as F. 预磁 After assembly, the aforementioned bellows 11 is in a compressed state, at which time the aforementioned bellows 11 generates a spring-like force, referred to as F. 预波 When the switching valve in the aforementioned embodiment is in operation, the bellows 11 is filled with pressurized medium, namely liquid oxygen medium from the cryogenic liquid oxygen tank. The medium exerts an upward thrust on the bellows 11, hereinafter referred to as F. 介 .

[0073] Then, by selecting the stiffness of the compression spring 19 and the bellows 11, as well as the cross-sectional area of ​​the bellows 11, the safety threshold P inside the cryogenic liquid oxygen tank is determined. 设 .

[0074] As the pressure inside the cryogenic liquid oxygen tank increases, F 介 Gradually increase. When the pressure inside the cryogenic liquid oxygen tank exceeds P... 设 At that time, it caused F 预弹 <F 预磁 +F 介 +F 预波 At this time, the aforementioned bellows 11 moves upward, and the distance between the aforementioned soft magnet 21 and the strong magnet shortens, resulting in an increase in the mutual attraction between them. During the upward movement of the aforementioned sliding sleeve 18, that is, the extension of the aforementioned bellows 11, the compression spring 19 is compressed, and the spring force increases; the bellows 11 is stretched, and its spring force decreases. When it is necessary to maintain... Δ F 磁 > Δ F 弹 + Δ F 波 (in, Δ F 磁 The increase in magnetic force. Δ F 弹 The increase in spring force. Δ F 波 (The value of the reduction in the elasticity of the bellows 11); that is, in this state, the magnetic force between the soft magnet 21 and the strong magnet pushes the sliding sleeve 18 to move upward, that is, the upward movement of the aforementioned switching end 10, so that the switching end 10 blocks the through hole 5 on the partition 2, cuts off the passage between the liquid phase input mechanism 6 and the material output mechanism 8, and at the same time connects the gas phase input mechanism 9 and the material output mechanism 8, so that the gas phase in the cryogenic liquid oxygen tank flows to the user end through the material output mechanism 8, reducing the pressure in the cryogenic liquid oxygen tank.

[0075] When the pressure inside the cryogenic liquid oxygen tank drops to the pressure value P at which the liquid phase opens... 设 At that time, of course, P 设The value is less than the safety threshold of the liquid oxygen tank, thereby improving the safety factor of the cryogenic liquid oxygen tank.

[0076] At this time, the thrust exerted by the liquid oxygen medium inside the bellows 11 on the bellows 11 is F. 介 ′, at this time F 预弹 + Δ F 弹 >F 预磁 + Δ F 磁 +F 介 ′+F 预波 - Δ F 波 At this time, under the spring force of the compression spring 19, the sliding sleeve 18 moves downward and the bellows 11 is compressed. At the same time, the distance between the soft magnet 21 and the permanent magnet increases, and the aforementioned switching end 10 moves downward under the action of the connecting rod 12 until the gas phase input mechanism 9 is completely blocked, and the passage between the gas input mechanism and the material output mechanism 8 is closed. At this time, the liquid phase input mechanism 6 and the material output mechanism 8 are in a connected state, and the oxygen at the user end is supplied by the liquid phase in the cryogenic liquid oxygen tank.

[0077] During this process, when the pressure inside the cryogenic liquid oxygen tank falls below the safety threshold P 设 The oxygen supplied to users is from cryogenic liquid oxygen, which is a normal supply. However, when the pressure in the storage tank abnormally increases, exceeding the safety threshold P... 设 At this time, the cryogenic liquid oxygen tank stops supplying liquid and switches to supplying gas to the user, simultaneously reducing the pressure inside the cryogenic liquid oxygen tank to P. 设 At this time, the cryogenic liquid oxygen tank stops supplying gas and normally inputs liquid to the user end. This process not only ensures normal use at the user end, but also protects the normal pressure range of the cryogenic liquid oxygen tank, eliminating the need to regulate the pressure inside the cryogenic liquid oxygen tank by venting and wasting raw materials.

[0078] Furthermore, the partition 2 inside the switching section 1 is also a crucial component for improving the response speed of the switching mechanism. Specifically, the partition 2 is improved in the following ways.

[0079] The partition 2 includes a first inclined plate 201, a horizontal plate 202 and a second inclined plate 203 connected in sequence;

[0080] One end of the first inclined plate 201 opposite to the horizontal plate 202 is connected to the side wall of the connection between the switching part 1 and the switching mechanism. Specifically, the connection between the aforementioned connecting pipe 16 and the side wall of the connection between the switching part 1 is connected. The connection between the first inclined plate 201 and the switching part 1 is located near the material output mechanism 8. The connection between the first inclined plate 201 and the horizontal plate 202 is offset toward the liquid phase input mechanism 6. The side of the first inclined plate 201 facing the liquid phase input mechanism 6 forms a first guide surface.

[0081] The end of the horizontal plate 202 opposite to the first inclined plate 201 extends toward the liquid phase input mechanism 6 and is connected to the second inclined plate 203. The through hole 5 is provided on the horizontal plate 202, and one end of the switching end 10 abuts against the horizontal plate 202.

[0082] The end of the second inclined plate 203 opposite to the horizontal plate 202 is offset toward the liquid phase input mechanism 6 and is connected to the inner wall of the side of the switching part 1 that is connected to the gas phase input mechanism 9. The side of the second inclined plate 203 facing the liquid phase input mechanism 6 forms a second guide surface.

[0083] Both the first and second guide surfaces here can significantly improve the response speed of the switching mechanism.

[0084] In addition, for the entire safety switching valve, the switching end 10 includes a stop block connected to the end of the connecting rod 12. The top area of ​​the stop block is larger than the inner diameter of the through hole 5, and the bottom area of ​​the stop block is larger than the inner diameter of the outlet end of the gas phase input mechanism 9.

[0085] Meanwhile, the liquid phase input mechanism 6 is a liquid pipe connected to the switching part 1, and the axis of the liquid pipe passes through the horizontal section of the partition plate.

[0086] Furthermore, the switching mechanism, liquid phase input mechanism 6, gas phase input mechanism 9, and material output mechanism 8 are arranged sequentially around the switching part 1 in a clockwise direction.

[0087] Furthermore, this application also tests the working state of the three-way safety switching valve through the following experiments:

[0088] The liquid phase input mechanism 6 is connected to the liquid phase of the cryogenic liquid oxygen tank, the gas phase input mechanism 9 is connected to the gas phase of the cryogenic liquid oxygen tank, and the material output mechanism 8 is connected to the transparent pressure tank used for testing.

[0089] First, vent the pressure from the transparent pressure tank while maintaining the pressure in the cryogenic liquid oxygen tank at 0.5 MPa. Connect pipe 16 as required, open the liquid phase in the cryogenic liquid oxygen tank, allowing the pressure in the transparent pressure tank to reach 0.5 MPa. Observe the frosting condition of the three-way switching valve to determine if it is functioning correctly. Open the pressure boosting valve in the cryogenic liquid oxygen tank, allowing the pressure to increase slowly, simulating actual pressurization. When the pressure reaches 0.8 MPa, observe the melting of the frosting on the outer wall of the liquid phase input mechanism 6 and the appearance of frosting on the outer wall of the gas phase input mechanism 9. This indicates that the feed material has switched from liquid to gas phase, and the valve is functioning correctly. Record the liquid phase cutoff response time by observing the state of the transparent pressure tank where the liquid phase material input has stopped, denoted as t. 断液 Open the vent valve of the cryogenic liquid oxygen tank to reduce the pressure inside. After a period of time, when the pressure inside the cryogenic liquid oxygen tank drops to 0.7 MPa, the switching mechanism operates again. Observe the melting of frost on the gas phase pipeline. If frost appears on the liquid phase pipeline, the equipment is qualified. At the same time, observe the state of the liquid phase material input in the transparent pressure tank again to record the gas phase cutoff response time, denoted as t. 断气 .

[0090] This application also verifies the effect of the overall switching valve involved in the foregoing embodiments through multiple comparative examples, with the foregoing embodiments serving as Example 1.

[0091] In some comparative examples, the bellows 11 is replaced with a closed piston chamber structure; in some comparative examples, the three-section partition 2 of this application is replaced with a fully horizontal plate 202 or a fully inclined plate structure; in other embodiments, the switching mechanism no longer uses the positioning cover 15 and the magnetic attraction of the moving mechanism, but is switched entirely by the force applied by the compression spring 19.

[0092] The specific structure is shown in Table 1 below:

[0093]

[0094] In the superscript, "√" indicates that the structure is present, and "-" indicates that the structure is not present.

[0095] The switching valves involved in Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4 were tested according to the aforementioned test methods. The t values ​​of Example 1 and each comparative example were compared. 断液 and t 断气 A comparison revealed that Example 1 had the shortest response time, and the transparent pressure tank showed that the gas or liquid phase could be completely switched after the switch was completed, with no gas-liquid mixing input. In contrast, Comparative Examples 1 to 4 all showed varying degrees of gas-liquid mixing after the switch, indicating that Comparative Examples 1 to 4 could not complete an accurate and complete gas / liquid switch.

[0096] Compared to Comparative Example 1, Example 1 has a shorter response time and a lower minimum switching pressure. For example, the switching mechanism starts operating when the cryogenic liquid oxygen tank is at 0.8 MPa, whereas in Comparative Example 1, the cryogenic liquid oxygen tank needs to be pressurized further before the switching operation begins. This demonstrates that the bellows 11 in Example 1 not only increases the response speed of the switching mechanism but also expands the applicability of the entire three-way safety switching valve. It allows for a wider pressure sensing range and broader applicability.

[0097] Comparing Example 1, Comparative Example 2, and Comparative Example 3, it is evident that Example 1 has the shortest response time, followed by Comparative Example 3, while Comparative Example 2 has the longest response time. This demonstrates that by incorporating the three-section baffle 2 in Example 1, the speed at which the liquid medium inside the bellows 11 transmits pressure to the cryogenic liquid oxygen tank can be significantly increased, thereby improving the switching response speed of the switching mechanism.

[0098] Comparing Example 1 and Comparative Example 4, when the permanent magnet 22 and soft magnet 21 are not provided, not only is incomplete switching or even inability to achieve liquid / gas switching occurs, but also the t of Comparative Example 4... 断液 Significantly higher than t in Example 1 断液 .

[0099] In summary, Example 1, as the preferred embodiment of this application, also has the advantages of fast response speed, high safety factor, and wide range of applications.

[0100] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A self-operated cryogenic liquid / gas three-way safety switching valve, characterized in that: It includes a switching part (1), which is divided into an input cavity (3) and an output cavity (4) that are connected to each other by a partition (2). The partition (2) is provided with a through hole (5) for connecting the input cavity (3) and the output cavity (4). The input cavity (3) is connected to the liquid phase input mechanism (6) and the switching mechanism; The output cavity (4) is connected to the material output mechanism (8) and the gas phase input mechanism (9); The switching end (10) of the switching mechanism is located in the output cavity (4), and the upper and lower end faces of the switching end (10) of the switching mechanism abut against the gas outlet end of the gas phase input mechanism (9) or the through hole (5) on the partition (2), respectively. The switching mechanism is provided with a bellows (11), and the top section of the connecting rod (12) for connecting the switching end (10) is located in the bellows (11). The bellows (11) is connected to the input cavity (3). The liquid phase input mechanism (6) is connected to the liquid phase side of the cryogenic liquid oxygen tank; The gas phase input mechanism (9) is connected to the gas phase side of the cryogenic liquid oxygen tank; The switching mechanism includes a support plate (13), a fixed tube (14), a movable mechanism, and a positioning cover (15). The support plate (13) is provided with a connecting pipe (16), one end of the connecting pipe (16) is connected to the switching part (1) and communicates with the input cavity (3), and the other end is communicated with the bellows (11); The fixing tube (14) is located on the side of the bearing plate (13) facing away from the switching part (1); The movable mechanism is located inside the fixed tube (14), and the movable mechanism includes the bellows (11), the switching end (10), and the connecting rod (12). The positioning cover (15) is connected to the end of the fixing tube (14) away from the switching part (1), and the side of the positioning cover (15) facing the switching part (1) is magnetically detached from the end of the movable mechanism away from the switching part (1). The movable mechanism also includes a sliding sleeve (18) and a compression spring (19), wherein the sliding sleeve (18) moves up and down together with the bellows (11); The sliding sleeve (18) includes a receiving ring (183), and the compression spring (19) is sleeved on the outside of the sliding sleeve (18). The two ends of the compression spring (19) abut against the top surface of the receiving ring (183) and the top wall of the fixing tube (14), respectively.

2. The self-operated cryogenic liquid / gas three-way safety switching valve according to claim 1, characterized in that: The activity organization also includes: The substrate (17) is sandwiched between the support plate (13) and the fixing tube (14); Sliding sleeve (18), the sliding sleeve (18) is slidably disposed inside the fixed tube (14); The fixed tube (14), the sliding sleeve (18), the compression spring (19), the bellows (11), and the connecting rod (12) are coaxially arranged; The sliding sleeve (18) includes a sliding column (181) that passes vertically through the fixed tube (14) and a receiving tube (182) located at the bottom of the sliding column (181) inside the fixed tube (14). The top end of the sliding column (181) is magnetically detached from the positioning cover (15). The corrugated tube (11) is located inside the receiving tube (182). The two ends of the corrugated tube (11) are respectively connected to the top wall of the receiving tube (182) and the top surface of the base plate (17). The top end of the connecting rod (12) passes coaxially through the corrugated tube (11) and is connected to the top wall of the receiving tube (182). The bottom end of the connecting rod (12) passes through the through hole (5) and is connected to the switching end (10). The outer wall of the receiving pipe (182) is coaxially provided with the receiving ring (183). The top side of the fixed tube (14) is provided with a positioning plate (20) for limiting the sliding column (181), and the top end of the compression spring (19) abuts against the bottom surface of the positioning plate (20).

3. The self-operated cryogenic liquid / gas three-way safety switching valve according to claim 2, characterized in that: The top surface of the sliding column (181) is fitted with a soft magnet (21) for magnetic attraction with the positioning cover (15).

4. The self-operated cryogenic liquid / gas three-way safety switching valve according to claim 3, characterized in that: The positioning cover (15) includes a mounting cover that is fastened to the fixing tube (14). A permanent magnet (22) is embedded in the bottom surface of the mounting cover and is located above the soft magnet (21).

5. A self-operated cryogenic liquid / gas three-way safety switching valve according to claim 2, characterized in that: The substrate (17) is provided with a liquid passage hole (23) for the connecting rod (12) to pass through, and the bottom surface of the substrate (17) and the top surface of the support plate (13) are sealed together by a PTFE gasket.

6. A self-operated cryogenic liquid / gas three-way safety switching valve according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The partition (2) includes a first inclined plate (201), a horizontal plate (202) and a second inclined plate (203) connected in sequence. The end of the first inclined plate (201) opposite to the horizontal plate (202) is connected to the side wall of the connection between the switching part (1) and the switching mechanism, and the connection between the first inclined plate (201) and the switching part (1) is located near the material output mechanism (8). The connection between the first inclined plate (201) and the horizontal plate (202) is offset toward the liquid phase input mechanism (6), and the side of the first inclined plate (201) facing the liquid phase input mechanism (6) forms a first guide surface. The end of the horizontal plate (202) opposite to the first inclined plate (201) extends toward the liquid phase input mechanism (6) and is connected to the second inclined plate (203). The through hole (5) is provided on the horizontal plate (202), and one end of the switching end (10) abuts against the horizontal plate (202). The end of the second inclined plate (203) opposite to the horizontal plate (202) is offset toward the liquid phase input mechanism (6) and is connected to the inner wall of the gas phase input mechanism (9) connected to the switching part (1). The side of the second inclined plate (203) facing the liquid phase input mechanism (6) forms a second guide surface.

7. A self-operated cryogenic liquid / gas three-way safety switching valve according to claim 6, characterized in that: The switching end (10) includes a stop block connected to the end of the connecting rod (12). The top area of ​​the stop block is larger than the inner diameter of the through hole (5), and the bottom area of ​​the stop block is larger than the inner diameter of the outlet end of the gas phase input mechanism (9).

8. A self-operated cryogenic liquid / gas three-way safety switching valve according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid input mechanism (6) is a liquid pipe that communicates with the switching part (1), and the axis of the liquid pipe is horizontally aligned with the horizontal section of the partition (2) through which it passes.

9. A self-operated cryogenic liquid / gas three-way safety switching valve according to claim 1, characterized in that: The switching mechanism, liquid phase input mechanism (6), gas phase input mechanism (9) and material output mechanism (8) are arranged sequentially around the switching part (1) in a clockwise direction.

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