A theodolite special for geographic surveying and mapping

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of theodolites, and discloses a theodolite special for geographic surveying and mapping, which comprises a mounting seat, a theodolite body and supporting rods, a central rod is fixed at the bottom center of the mounting seat, the supporting rods are three in number and are uniformly distributed about the axis of the central rod, a moving power assisting assembly is arranged on each supporting rod, the moving power assisting assembly comprises a supporting sleeve which is sleeved on the supporting rod and is in gap cooperation with the supporting rod, a mounting plate which is fixed to the lower end of the supporting sleeve and is sleeved on the outer side of the supporting rod, a universal wheel which is fixed to the bottom of the mounting plate, and a positioning rod which is fixed to the side wall of the supporting rod, a C-shaped groove which is matched with the positioning rod is formed in the side wall of the supporting sleeve, and an adjusting assembly for driving the positioning rod to shift from the bottom groove of the C-shaped groove to the top groove of the C-shaped groove is jointly mounted on the central rod and the supporting sleeve. The application changes the structure of the theodolite, and reduces the difficulty and physical consumption of the staff in moving the theodolite from one place to another.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of theodolite technology, and more specifically, to a theodolite specifically for geographic surveying. Background Technology

[0002] A theodolite is a measuring instrument designed based on the principle of angle measurement to measure horizontal and vertical angles. There are two types: optical theodolites and electronic theodolites, with electronic theodolites being the most commonly used. Theodolites are frequently used in the measurement of geographic coordinate information. Optical theodolites are the main measuring instruments in civil engineering surveying, and are usually supported by a tripod.

[0003] Chinese utility model patent CN209117027U discloses a theodolite for geographic surveying, including a theodolite body, a base, and two fixed frames mounted on the base. An instrument panel is mounted on the bottom of each fixed frame, which is mounted on the base via bearings. A handle is mounted on the top of each fixed frame, and an angle gauge is mounted on one side of each fixed frame. A measuring device is positioned between the fixed frames, including a fixed base mounted on the fixed frames via a rotating shaft. An observation mirror is mounted on the fixed base, and a threaded hole is located on the top of the fixed base. A threaded post is installed within the threaded hole, and a fastening nut is welded to one end of the threaded post. A fixing rod is located inside the fixed base, and a limit block is mounted on the fixing rod. A spring is positioned between the limit block and the fixed base.

[0004] Chinese utility model patent CN214947507U discloses a geodetic theodolite that is easy to install, including a mounting base. The bottom of the mounting base is hinged with multiple sets of hinge plates. Sleeve rods are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the bottom of the hinge plates. A sleeve block is sleeved between two sets of sleeve rods. A connecting rod A is arranged in the middle of the bottom of the sleeve block. A support foot is arranged at the bottom of the connecting rod A.

[0005] Regarding the aforementioned technologies, the inventors believe that the following defects exist: Both types of theodolites use tripods for support at the bottom. When conducting geographic surveys at different locations, staff need to fold up the tripods and carry the entire theodolite from one location to another, which increases the workload and physical exertion of the staff. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the aforementioned issues, this application provides a theodolite specifically for geographic surveying.

[0007] The theodolite for geographic surveying provided in this application adopts the following technical solution:

[0008] A theodolite for geographic surveying includes a mounting base, a theodolite body fixed to the top of the mounting base, and support rods disposed at the bottom of the mounting base. A central rod is fixed at the center of the bottom of the mounting base. Three support rods are evenly distributed about the axis of the central rod. Each support rod is provided with a movement assist component. The movement assist component includes a support sleeve fitted onto the support rod and having a clearance fit with the support rod, a mounting plate fixed to the lower end of the support sleeve and fitted onto the outside of the support rod, a caster wheel fixed to the bottom of the mounting plate, and a positioning rod fixed to the side wall of the support rod. A C-shaped groove is formed on the side wall of the support sleeve to cooperate with the positioning rod. An adjustment component for driving the positioning rod to move from the bottom groove of the C-shaped groove to the top groove of the C-shaped groove is jointly installed on the central rod and the support sleeve.

[0009] With the above technical solution, when the theodolite is in normal use, the three support rods work together to support the mounting base and the theodolite body on the mounting base. When the theodolite needs to be moved, to reduce the difficulty for the operator, the operator only needs to use the adjustment component to drive the positioning rod from the bottom groove of the C-shaped groove to the top groove of the C-shaped groove. During this process, the support sleeve moves away from the mounting base until the caster touches the ground, and the lower end of the support rod is suspended in the air, so that the operator can move the theodolite. This reduces the difficulty and physical exertion of moving the theodolite from one location to another.

[0010] Furthermore, the adjustment assembly includes a drive gear rotatably connected to the lower end of the central rod, a driven gear sleeved on and fixed to the support sleeve, a cross plate fixedly sleeved on the central rod, and a drive component jointly disposed on the cross plate and the drive gear for driving the drive gear to rotate.

[0011] With the above technical solution, when the positioning rod is moved from the bottom groove of the C-shaped groove to the top groove of the C-shaped groove using the adjustment component, the operator only needs to drive the drive gear to rotate through the drive component, so that the driven gear meshing with the drive gear and the support sleeve fixed to the driven gear both rotate, so that the positioning rod moves into the vertical groove of the C-shaped groove. At this time, the operator needs to move the support sleeve so that the positioning rod moves into the top groove of the C-shaped groove. In this state, the caster wheel is on the ground and the lower end of the support rod is suspended in the air, so that the operator can move the theodolite.

[0012] Furthermore, the driving component includes a first bearing fixed to the bottom surface of the cross plate, a first circular block with an interference fit to the inner ring of the first bearing, a cylinder fixed to the bottom of the first circular block, a mounting block fixed to the end of the power rod of the cylinder, a second circular block fixed to the bottom of the mounting block, and a second bearing fixed to the top of the drive gear, wherein the second circular block has an interference fit to the inner ring of the second bearing.

[0013] With the above technical solution, when the driving component is used to drive the active gear, the operator only needs to open the cylinder. The power rod of the cylinder pulls the active gear through the mounting block, the second circular block and the second bearing, so that the active gear rotates around the axis of the central rod, thereby causing the driven gear to rotate until the positioning rod moves into the vertical groove of the C-shaped groove. Then, the cylinder is closed and the support sleeve is manually moved until the positioning rod moves into the top groove of the C-shaped groove.

[0014] Furthermore, the support rod is provided with a booster assembly, which includes a circular plate fixedly sleeved on the support rod and a spring sleeved on the support rod. The upper end of the spring is fixed to the bottom surface of the circular plate, and the lower end of the spring abuts against the upper surface of the driven gear.

[0015] With the above technical solution, when the positioning rod moves from the groove at the bottom of the C-shaped groove to the vertical groove of the C-shaped groove, under the action of the spring force, the driven gear and the support sleeve move towards the side away from the mounting base. The positioning rod moves from the vertical groove of the C-shaped groove to the groove at the top of the C-shaped groove. At this time, the operator needs to rotate the drive gear in the opposite direction through the drive component to make the positioning rod stably stay in the groove at the top of the C-shaped groove, which enhances the stability of the support sleeve, mounting plate and caster wheel during use.

[0016] Furthermore, a restraint assembly is provided on the central rod. The restraint assembly includes a mounting ring sleeved on the central rod and rotatably connected to the central rod, a connecting rod fixed to the outer wall of the mounting ring, and an arc-shaped sleeve fixed to the end of the connecting rod away from the mounting ring. The arc-shaped sleeve engages with the support rod.

[0017] With the above technical solution, before the positioning rod is moved from the bottom groove of the C-shaped groove to the top groove of the C-shaped groove by adjusting the component, in order to enhance the stability of the meshing between the driving gear and the driven gear, the operator only needs to rotate the mounting ring so that the arc-shaped sleeve engages with the support rod, reducing the probability that the driven gear will disengage from the driving gear as the rotatable support rod deflects.

[0018] Furthermore, both the driving gear and the driven gear are made of plastic, and the driving gear has multiple fan-shaped through holes.

[0019] The above technical solution keeps the total weight of the driving gear and driven gear within a small range, reducing the overall weight of the theodolite and improving the convenience for staff to carry and move the theodolite.

[0020] Furthermore, the distance between the top wall and the bottom wall of the C-shaped groove is less than the thickness of the drive gear, and the positioning rod is made of stainless steel.

[0021] With the above technical solution, when the positioning rod moves from the groove at the bottom of the C-shaped groove to the vertical groove of the C-shaped groove, under the action of the spring force, the driven gear and the support sleeve move towards the side away from the mounting seat. During this process, the driven gear remains engaged with the driving gear, eliminating the tedious operation of the operator having to readjust the position of the driven gear later so that the driven gear can re-engage with the driving gear.

[0022] Furthermore, a vertical plate is fixed to the bottom surface of the mounting base, and a bolt that is clearance-fitted with the mounting base is provided through the vertical plate. The bolt passes through the support rod and is clearance-fitted with the support rod, and a nut is threaded to the end of the bolt.

[0023] With the above technical solution, when using a theodolite for geographic information mapping, the staff only needs to loosen the nut, rotate the support rod until the height of the mounting base and the theodolite body meets the usage requirements, and then tighten the nut again, which enhances the accuracy of the theodolite body measurement and the stability during use.

[0024] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0025] (1) This application changes the structure of the theodolite, reducing the difficulty and physical exertion for staff to move the theodolite from one location to another;

[0026] (2) In this application, when the positioning rod moves from the groove at the bottom of the C-shaped groove to the vertical groove of the C-shaped groove, under the action of the spring force, the driven gear and the support sleeve move toward the side away from the mounting seat. The positioning rod moves from the vertical groove of the C-shaped groove to the groove at the top of the C-shaped groove. At this time, the operator needs to rotate the drive gear in the opposite direction through the drive component so that the positioning rod stays stably in the groove at the top of the C-shaped groove, which enhances the stability of the support sleeve, the mounting plate and the caster wheel during use.

[0027] (3) When using a theodolite for geographic information mapping, the staff need to loosen the nut, rotate the support rod until the height of the mounting base and the theodolite body meets the usage requirements, and then tighten the nut again, which enhances the accuracy of the theodolite body measurement and the stability during use. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a geodetic theodolite in use, as described in this application embodiment.

[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure when the restraint component and the support rod are engaged in an embodiment of this application;

[0030] Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a geospatial theodolite in a mobile state, as described in an embodiment of this application.

[0031] Figure 4 for Figure 2 A magnified structural diagram of point A in the middle.

[0032] Explanation of the labels in the diagram:

[0033] 1. Mounting base; 11. Theodolite body; 12. Vertical plate; 121. Bolt; 1211. Nut; 2. Support rod; 3. Center rod; 4. Restraint assembly; 41. Mounting ring; 42. Connecting rod; 43. Arc-shaped sleeve; 5. Movement assist assembly; 51. Support sleeve; 52. Mounting plate; 53. Caster wheel; 54. Positioning rod; 541. C-groove; 6. Adjustment assembly; 61. Drive gear; 611. Sector-shaped through hole; 62. Driven gear; 63. Horizontal plate; 64. Drive component; 641. First bearing; 642. First circular block; 643. Cylinder; 644. Mounting block; 645. Second circular block; 646. Second bearing; 7. Boosting assembly; 71. Circular plate; 72. Spring. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0035] Example 1:

[0036] The present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0037] This application discloses a theodolite specifically for geographic surveying. Please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 1-4 It includes a mounting base 1, a support rod 2, a center rod 3, a restraint assembly 4, a movement assist assembly 5, an adjustment assembly 6, and a pusher assembly 7. The mounting base 1 is horizontally positioned, and the theodolite body 11 and a vertical plate 12 are fixed to the top of the mounting base 1.

[0038] In this embodiment, the support rod 2 is disposed at the bottom of the mounting base 1, and a bolt 121 that is clearance-fitted with the mounting base 1 is disposed through the vertical plate 12. The bolt 121 passes through the support rod 2 and is clearance-fitted with the support rod 2, and a nut 1211 is threadedly connected to the end of the bolt 121.

[0039] The central rod 3 is a vertically arranged round rod structure, with its upper end fixed to the center of the bottom of the mounting base 1. Three support rods 2 are provided and evenly distributed about the axis of the central rod 3. A restraint assembly 4 is mounted on the central rod 3 and includes a mounting ring 41, a connecting rod 42, and an arc-shaped retaining sleeve 43. The mounting ring 41 is fitted onto the central rod 3 and rotatably connected to it. One end of the connecting rod 42 is fixed to the outer wall of the mounting ring 41. The arc-shaped retaining sleeve 43 is fixed to the end of the connecting rod 42 away from the mounting ring 41, and it engages with the support rod 2.

[0040] The mobility assist component 5 is mounted on the support rod 2. The mobility assist component 5 includes a support sleeve 51, a mounting plate 52, a caster wheel 53, and a positioning rod 54. The support sleeve 51 is a sleeve structure that fits onto the support rod 2 with a clearance fit. The axis of the mounting plate 52 coincides with the axis of the support sleeve 51. The upper surface of the mounting plate 52 is fixed to the bottom surface of the support sleeve 51, and the mounting plate 52 is fitted onto the outside of the support rod 2. The caster wheel 53 is fixed to the bottom of the mounting plate 52. The positioning rod 54 is fixed to the side wall of the support rod 2. A C-shaped groove 541 that mates with the positioning rod 54 is provided on the side wall of the support sleeve 51.

[0041] The adjusting assembly 6 is mounted on both the central rod 3 and the support sleeve 51, and is used to drive the positioning rod 54 from the bottom groove of the C-shaped groove 541 to the top groove of the C-shaped groove 541. The adjusting assembly 6 includes a driving gear 61, a driven gear 62, a cross plate 63, and a driving component 64. The axis of the driving gear 61 coincides with the axis of the central rod 3, and it is rotatably connected to the lower end of the central rod 3. The driven gear 62 is sleeved on the support sleeve 51 and fixed to the support sleeve 51, and the driven gear 62 meshes with the driving gear 61. The cross plate 63 is a circular plate structure, and its axis coincides with the axis of the central rod 3. The cross plate 63 is sleeved on the central rod 3 and fixed to the central rod 3. A driving component 64 is mounted on both the horizontal plate 63 and the drive gear 61. The driving component 64 drives the drive gear 61 to rotate. The driving component 64 includes a first bearing 641, a first circular block 642, a cylinder 643, a mounting block 644, a second circular block 645, and a second bearing 646. The axis of the first bearing 641 is vertical, and its top is fixed to the bottom surface of the horizontal plate 63. The axis of the first circular block 642 coincides with the axis of the first bearing 641, and the inner ring of the first circular block 642 is interference-fitted with the inner ring of the first bearing 641. The cylinder 643 is fixed to the bottom of the first circular block 642. The mounting block 644 is a rectangular block structure and is fixed to the end of the power rod of the cylinder 643. The top of the second circular block 645 is fixed to the bottom of the mounting block 644. The axis of the second bearing 646 coincides with the axis of the second circular block 645, and the inner ring of the second bearing 646 is interference-fitted with the second circular block 645.

[0042] When using a theodolite for geographic information mapping, the staff needs to loosen the nut 1211, rotate the support rod 2 until the height of the mounting base 1 and the theodolite body 11 meets the usage requirements, and then tighten the nut 1211 again. This enhances the accuracy of the theodolite body 11 measurement and the stability during use. When the theodolite needs to be moved, to reduce the difficulty for the staff, the staff only needs to activate the cylinder 643. The power rod of the cylinder 643 pulls the drive gear 61 through the mounting block 644, the second circular block 645, and the second bearing 646, so that the drive gear 61 rotates around the axis of the central rod 3, thereby causing the driven gear 62 to rotate until the positioning rod 54 moves into the vertical groove of the C-shaped groove 541. Then, the cylinder 643 is closed, and the support sleeve 51 is manually moved until the positioning rod 54 moves into the top groove of the C-shaped groove 541. In this state, the caster wheel 53 is on the ground, and the lower end of the support rod 2 is suspended in the air, so that the staff can move the theodolite, reducing the difficulty and physical exertion of the staff in moving the theodolite from one location to another.

[0043] To reduce the difficulty for staff in moving the theodolite, both the driving gear 61 and the driven gear 62 are made of plastic, with multiple fan-shaped through holes 611 extending through the driving gear 61. To improve the stability of the positioning rod 54 during use and reduce the probability of breakage, the distance between the top and bottom walls of the C-shaped groove 541 is less than the thickness of the driving gear 61. The positioning rod 54 is made of stainless steel. When the positioning rod 54 moves from the groove at the bottom of the C-shaped groove 541 to the vertical groove of the C-shaped groove 541, under the elastic force of the spring 72, the driven gear 62 and the support sleeve 51 move towards the side away from the mounting base 1. During this process, the driven gear 62 remains engaged with the driving gear 61, eliminating the tedious operation of readjusting the position of the driven gear 62 later to re-engage with the driving gear 61.

[0044] The booster assembly 7 is mounted on the support rod 2 and includes a circular plate 71 and a spring 72. The circular plate 71 is sleeved on and fixed to the support rod 2, and the spring 72 is sleeved on the support rod 2. The upper end of the spring 72 is fixed to the bottom surface of the circular plate 71, and the lower end of the spring 72 abuts against the upper surface of the driven gear 62. When the positioning rod 54 moves from the groove at the bottom of the C-shaped groove 541 to the vertical groove of the C-shaped groove 541, under the elastic force of the spring 72, the driven gear 62 and the support sleeve 51 move towards the side away from the mounting base 1. The positioning rod 54 moves from the vertical groove of the C-shaped groove 541 to the groove at the top of the C-shaped groove 541. At this time, the operator needs to rotate the drive gear 61 in the opposite direction through the drive component 64 to make the positioning rod 54 stably stay in the groove at the top of the C-shaped groove 541, which enhances the stability of the support sleeve 51, the mounting plate 52, and the caster wheel 53 during use.

[0045] The implementation principle of a theodolite for geographic surveying in this embodiment is as follows: When the theodolite needs to be moved, to reduce the difficulty for staff to move the theodolite, the staff only needs to open the cylinder 643. The power rod of the cylinder 643 pulls the drive gear 61 through the mounting block 644, the second circular block 645, and the second bearing 646, so that the drive gear 61 rotates around the axis of the central rod 3, thereby causing the driven gear 62 to rotate until the positioning rod 54 moves into the vertical groove of the C-shaped groove 541. Then, the cylinder 643 is closed, and the support sleeve 51 is manually moved until the positioning rod 54 moves into the top groove of the C-shaped groove 541. In this state, the caster wheel 53 is on the ground, and the lower end of the support rod 2 is suspended in the air, so that the staff can move the theodolite, reducing the difficulty and physical exertion of the staff to move the theodolite from one location to another.

[0046] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A theodolite for geographic surveying, comprising a mounting base (1), a theodolite body (11) fixed to the top of the mounting base (1), and a support rod (2) disposed at the bottom of the mounting base (1), characterized in that: A central rod (3) is fixed at the bottom center of the mounting base (1). Three support rods (2) are provided and evenly distributed about the axis of the central rod (3). Each support rod (2) is provided with a moving assist component (5). The moving assist component (5) includes a support sleeve (51) sleeved on the support rod (2) and in clearance fit with the support rod (2), an mounting plate (52) fixed to the lower end of the support sleeve (51) and sleeved on the outside of the support rod (2), a universal wheel (53) fixed to the bottom of the mounting plate (52), and a positioning rod (54) fixed to the side wall of the support rod (2). A C-shaped groove (541) that mates with the positioning rod (54) is opened on the side wall of the support sleeve (51). An adjustment component (6) for driving the positioning rod (54) to move from the bottom groove of the C-shaped groove (541) to the top groove of the C-shaped groove (541) is installed on the central rod (3) and the support sleeve (51). The adjustment assembly (6) includes a drive gear (61) rotatably connected to the lower end of the center rod (3), a driven gear (62) sleeved on the support sleeve (51) and fixed to the support sleeve (51), a cross plate (63) fixedly sleeved on the center rod (3), and a drive member (64) jointly arranged on the cross plate (63) and the drive gear (61) for driving the drive gear (61) to rotate; The support rod (2) is provided with a booster assembly (7), which includes a circular plate (71) fixedly sleeved on the support rod (2) and a spring (72) sleeved on the support rod (2). The upper end of the spring (72) is fixed to the bottom surface of the circular plate (71), and the lower end of the spring (72) abuts against the upper surface of the driven gear (62). The distance between the inner top wall and the inner bottom wall of the C-shaped groove (541) is less than the thickness of the drive gear (61), and the positioning rod (54) is made of stainless steel. A vertical plate (12) is fixed on the bottom surface of the mounting base (1). A bolt (121) with clearance fit is provided through the vertical plate (12). The bolt (121) passes through the support rod (2) and has clearance fit with the support rod (2). A nut (1211) is threaded to the end of the bolt (121).

2. The theodolite for geographic surveying according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drive component (64) includes a first bearing (641) fixed to the bottom surface of the cross plate (63), a first circular block (642) with an interference fit to the inner ring of the first bearing (641), a cylinder (643) fixed to the bottom of the first circular block (642), a mounting block (644) fixed to the end of the power rod of the cylinder (643), a second circular block (645) fixed to the bottom of the mounting block (644), and a second bearing (646) fixed to the top of the drive gear (61). The second circular block (645) has an interference fit to the inner ring of the second bearing (646).

3. The theodolite for geographic surveying according to claim 1, characterized in that: A restraint assembly (4) is provided on the central rod (3). The restraint assembly (4) includes a mounting ring (41) sleeved on the central rod (3) and rotatably connected to the central rod (3), a connecting rod (42) fixed to the outer wall of the mounting ring (41), and an arc-shaped sleeve (43) fixed to one end of the connecting rod (42) away from the mounting ring (41). The arc-shaped sleeve (43) is engaged with the support rod (2).

4. The theodolite for geographic surveying according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both the driving gear (61) and the driven gear (62) are made of plastic, and the driving gear (61) has multiple fan-shaped through holes (611).

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